Area (disambiguation)
Area is a quantity of a two-dimensional surface.
Area, Areas, or Areal may also refer to:
Places
Entertainment
Organisations
Other
<area></area>, an HTML element, see HTML element#area
Areal feature
In linguistics, an areal feature is shared by languages within the same geographical area as a consequence of diffusion.
Characteristics
Resemblances between two or more languages (whether in typology or in vocabulary) can be due to genetic relation (descent from a common ancestor language), to borrowing between languages, to retention of features when a population adopts a new language, or simply to chance. When little or no direct documentation of ancestor languages is available, determining whether a similarity is genetic or areal can be difficult. Edward Sapir notably used evidence of contact and diffusion as a negative tool for genetic reconstruction, treating it as a subject in its own right only at the end of his career (e.g., for the influence of Tibetan on Tocharian).
Genetic relationships are represented in the family tree model of language change, and areal relationships are represented in the wave model. Labov in 2007 reconciled these models in a general framework based on differences between children and adults in their language learning ability. Adults do not preserve structural features with sufficient regularity to establish a norm in their community, but children do. Linguistic features are diffused across an area by contacts among adults. Languages branch into dialects and thence into related languages through small changes in the course of children's learning processes which accumulate over generations, and when speech communities do not communicate (frequently) with each other, these cumulative changes diverge. Diffusion of areal features for the most part hinges on low-level phonetic shifts, whereas tree-model transmission includes in addition structural factors such as "grammatical conditioning, word boundaries, and the systemic relations that drive chain shifting."
Podcasts:
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Believe
by: Ja Rule[Dialogue from Daria Morgendorffer on MTV's "Daria":]
My advice is, stand firm for what you believe in
Until, and unless, logic and experience prove you wrong
Remember
[Ja Rule:]
Yeah, shhh
It was supposed to be you and I and the curtains closed
But somewhere along the lines we switched episodes
It's kinda like when Gina left Martin for New York
Speaking of New York, the city is so lost
Even with the Knicks lookin to make the playoffs
Spike is back on the court, and Jeter's still in the Bronx
Bloomberg got the city ready for seance
Go get your ouija boards out niggaz and pray on
You want "Drama"? Get your fuckin "Kay Slay" on
Still got the world on my shoulders, a nigga headstrong
About to go in; you can lock my body
Contract my mind, my thoughts keep escapin
Power of the pen it work provoc' like Basquiat
They fancy, 'cept I paint my pictures lyrically
But fancy enough, bitch foamin like a Swiss B
And we ain't talkin hoes, we talkin Euros and raw weed
[Chorus:]
Who do you believe in?
Is it money or the man upstairs? Is it power or prayer?
God bless the dead and fuck the world fast
What's progression if you never been through backlash
Nigga what do you believe in?
Cause my money's on me, myself and I, my team and this music
Y'all ain't gon' believe this
Maybe it's my fault, or maybe y'all just makin excuses
[Ja Rule:]
Who do you believe in?
Motherfucker the money is talkin to me and tellin me that it's lonely
In need of new friends, preferably Grants and Franklins
And the singles and the fives went to the bitches
Dubs is for wifin in the club, no mention
But you know who you are, nigga stop flinchin
Stop cuffin; you may not think that it's a bitch
But life's a hoe and everybody's been fuckin~!
See that's what I believe in
With n o logic, no need for experience
To fuck the world would be a lifetime achievement
You make it cum then e'rybody jump on the dick
Y'all niggaz full of shit, that's why you fuckin assholes
And never smell the shit stinkin 'til you get shitted on
Fuck 'em all, not for nothin
I ain't "Always On Time", too much ice in the vodka muh'fucker
Latest News for: areal
MDC: Annual Heritage Day at Twin Pines CEC canceled due to forecasted severe weather, areal flooding (Missouri Department of Conservation)
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