For the medieval weapon, see Angon. For the lunar crater, see Mons Vinogradov.

An ango (安居?), or kessei, is a Japanese term for a three-month period of intense training for students of Zen Buddhism, lasting anywhere from 90 to 100 days.[1] The practice during ango consists of meditation (zazen), study, and work (samu).

Ango is typically held twice a year, the first period from spring to summer and the second period from fall to winter.[2] The word ango literally translates as "dwelling in peace"; the summer ango is referred to as ge-ango and the winter period is u-ango.[3] Additionally, some monasteries and Zen centers hold just one ango per year.[4]

[5] Concerning Zen practice in the United States, author Ellen Birx writes,

Many centers now allow members to attend retreats on a part-time basis. Many have ango, a three-month long period of intensified practice, that members can participate in while continuing to go off to work during the day."[6] Taigen Dan Leighton writes a more traditional definition, "These are ninety-day training periods of concentrated practice without leaving the monastic enclosure (except for monks going out for necessary temple business). They date back to the summer rainy season retreats of Shakyamuni's time. In Japan, they have been held twice a year, summer and winter."[7]

See also [link]

Notes [link]

  1. ^ Ford, 217
  2. ^ Hakeda, et al.; 165
  3. ^ Fischer-Schreiber, et al.; 13
  4. ^ Prebish, 101
  5. ^ Maezumi, 173
  6. ^ Birx, 103-104
  7. ^ Leighton, 207

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Mons Vinogradov

Mons Vinogradov is a rugged massif that is located on the lunar mare where Oceanus Procellarum to the southwest joins Mare Imbrium to the east. There are three primary peaks in this formation, which rise to altitudes of 1.0–1.4 km above the surface. To the east of this rise is the crater Euler, and to the southeast is an area of rugged ground that reaches the Montes Carpatus range. The Carpatus mountain range forms the southwest boundary of the Mare Imbrium.

The selenographic coordinate of Mons Vinogradov is 22.4 N, 32.4 W, and it has a maximum diameter of 25 km at the base. It was named after Aleksandr P. Vinogradov. This mountain was formerly named Euler Beta (β), or Mons Euler.

In the rugged ground just to the southeast of this mountain is a set of tiny craters that have been assigned names by the IAU. These are listed in the table below.

See also

  • List of mountains on the Moon by height

    • References

    External links

  • LTO-39C2 Mons Vinogradov — L&PI topographic map of mountain and vicinity.
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    Angon

    The angon (Medieval Greek ἄγγων, Old High German ango, Old English anga "hook, point, spike") was a type of javelin used during the Early Middle Ages by the Franks and other Germanic peoples, including the Anglo-Saxons. It was similar to, and probably derived from, the pilum used by the Roman army and had a barbed head and long narrow socket or shank made of iron mounted on a wooden haft.

    It was rare on the battlefield, despite the claim by Agathias, being found mostly in the grave goods of the wealthy. The Fragmentary Chronicle of Saragossa credits an ango with killing King Amalaric of the Visigoths. By the 7th century, it had ceased to be used.

    They are found in abundance in the war-graves in Illerup-Ådal, Denmark. They are also quite common in Norwegian graves from the migration era.

    Description

    Evidence for the length of insular Anglo-Saxon spears is limited, but based on grave finds it has been estimated that they ranged in length from 1.6 to 2.8 m (5 ft 3 in to 9 ft 2 in), compared to continental examples found at Nydam Mose in Denmark which range from 2.3 to 3 m (7 ft 7 in to 9 ft 10 in) long. Although shorter and lighter spears with smaller heads were generally preferred for use as javelins, an exception was the barbed angon, one of which was found at Abingdon with a head measuring 52.5 cm (20.7 in). The barbs were designed to lodge in an opponent's shield (or body) so that it could not be removed and the long iron shank prevented the head from being cut from the shaft. The Angon was likely designed for the purpose of disabling enemy shields, thus leaving combatants vulnerable, and disrupting enemy formations. The shaft may sometimes have been decorated or painted, and iron or bronze rings were sometimes fitted onto it which may have marked the center of balance and thus the best place to hold the weapon.

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    PLAYLIST TIME:

    Ball and Chain

    by: Anouk

    I know the drill
    You got your ball and chain
    It holds you down, the circle round
    This story stays the same
    It won't be long
    And then your heart is frozen
    The time has come to break away
    You've got it all
    What makes you hesitate?
    Don't just wait for things
    To blow up in your pretty face
    Lift the weight
    Try not to let it slip away
    And you may find yourself again
    I feel people just don't know you like I do
    Why you're making it so hard to see
    When there's something wrong
    It goes on and on
    I know the drill
    You've got your ball and chain
    I found out the second round
    That some things never change
    Open my eyes
    And let the days come over me
    And maybe it will go away
    I feel people just don't know you like I do
    Why you're making it so hard to see
    When there's something wrong
    It goes on and on
    You'll see not everybody's here
    To break your heart
    So there is a price to pay
    To be someone you're not
    I know the drill
    You've got your ball and chain
    I found out the second round
    That some things never change
    Open my eyes
    And let the days come over me




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