The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NH4+. It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged or protonated substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations (NR4+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups (indicated by R).
The ammonium ion is generated when ammonia, a weak base, reacts with Brønsted acids (proton donors):
The ammonium ion is mildly acidic, reacting with Brønsted bases to return to the uncharged ammonia molecule:
Thus, treatment of concentrated solutions of ammonium salts with strong base gives ammonia. When ammonia is dissolved in water, a tiny amount of it converts to ammonium ions:
The degree to which ammonia forms the ammonium ion depends on the pH of the solution. If the pH is low, the equilibrium shifts to the right: more ammonia molecules are converted into ammonium ions. If the pH is high (the concentration of hydrogen ions is low), the equilibrium shifts to the left: the hydroxide ion abstracts a proton from the ammonium ion, generating ammonia.
Yeast assimilable nitrogen or YAN is the combination of Free Amino Nitrogen (FAN), ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) that is available for the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to use during fermentation. Outside of the fermentable sugars glucose and fructose, nitrogen is the most important nutrient needed to carry out a successful fermentation that doesn't end prior to the intended point of dryness or sees the development of off-odors and related wine faults. To this extent winemakers will often supplement the available YAN resources with nitrogen additives such as diammonium phosphate (DAP).
However, the addition of excessive amounts of nitrogen can also create a hazard as other organisms besides beneficial wine yeast can utilize the nutrients. These include spoilage organisms such as Brettanomyces, Acetobacter and Lactic acid bacteria from the Lactobacillus and Pediococcus genera. This is why many wineries will measure the YAN after harvest and crushing using one of several methods available today including the nitrogen by o-phthaldialdehyde assay (NOPA) which requires the use of a spectrometer or the Formol titration method. Knowing the YAN in the must allows winemakers to calculate the right amount of additive needed to get through fermentation, leaving only "nutrient desert" for any spoilage organisms that come afterwards.
[Eminem]
I ain't gonna eat, I ain't gonna sleep
Ain't gonna breathe, til I see, what I wanna see
And what I wanna see, is you go to sleep, in the dirt
Permanently, you just being hurt, this ain't gonna work
For me, it just wouldn't be, sufficient enough
Cuz we, are just gonna be, enemies
As long as we breathe, I don't ever see, either of us
Coming to terms, where we can agree
There ain't gonna be, no reason, speakin wit me
You speak on my seed, then me, no speakin ingles
So we gonna beef, and keep on beefin, unless
You're gonna agree, to meet with me in the flesh
And settle this face to face, and you're gonna see
A demon unleashed in me, that you've never seen
And you're gonna see, this gangsta pee on himself
I see you D-12, and thanks, but me need no help
Me do this one all by my lonely, I
don't need fifteen of my homies
When I see you, I'm seeing you, me and you only
We never met, but best believe you gon' know me
When I'm this close, to see you exposed as phony
Come on, bitch, show me, pick me up, throw me
Lift me up, hold me, just like you told me
You was gonna do, that's what I thought, you're pitiful
I'm rid of you, all you, Ja, you'll get it too!
[Chorus]
So go to sleep bitch!
Die, mothafucka, die! (unh), time's up, bitch, close
your eye's
Go to sleep, bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? How many times
I gotta say, close ya eyes?
And go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Die mothafucka die,(Bi Bi), motherfucker, (Bi Bi)!
Go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? why? Die, mothafucka,
ah, ah, ah...go to sleep bitch!
[Obie Trice]
We got you niggaz, nervous
On purpose, to hurt your focus, you'se
not MC's, you'se worthless
You'se not them G's, you'se a circus, you'se no appeal,
please
You'se curtains, you use words, cool heard,
slurred in two thousand third
You'se purpin, you'se no threat, who's ya servin?
We lyrically oughta bury you beneath the dirt when
You fuck with a label overseein the Earth
Shady muthafucka, O. Trice's birth
And as I mold, I become a curse
So we can put down the verse, take it to the turf
Cock and squeeze, and he who reach the hearse is he who
Depicts fiction in his verse
And as I breathe, and you be deceased
The world believe you deceived just to speak
You'se not the streets, you'se the deaths
Use not your chest nigga, use a vest
Before two's choose ya rest, you chose death
Six feet deep, nigga, that's the depth
[Chorus]
So go to sleep bitch!
Die, mothafucka, die! (unh), time's up, bitch, close ya
eyes
Go to sleep, bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? How many times
I gotta say, close ya eyes?
And go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Die mothafucka die,(Bi Bi), motherfucker, (Bi Bi)!
Go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? why? Die, mothafucka,
ah, ah, ah...go to sleep bitch!
[DMX]
Hey dog, I'ma walk like a beast, talk like the streets
I'ma stay blazin New York wit the heat
Stalk on the beat, walk wit my feet
Understand my pain, the rain ain't sweet
Peep how I'm moving, peep where I'm going
Shit don't seep, then sleep not knowin
But I'ma keep growing, getting larger than life
Easy-going with the same one that started the fight
He be knowing how dog get, when dog gone bite
Tried to show him the dog shit, it's dog for life
Grand champ, and my Blood Line is tight
Cuz it's all good, it's all right
Niggas tried to holla, but couldn't holla back
Now they gots to swallow, everything in the sac
Blood Line, and, we can go track for track
Damn dog, why'd you have to do them niggas like that?
[Chorus]
So go to sleep bitch!
Die, mothafucka, die! (unh), time's up, bitch, close ya
eyes
Go to sleep, bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? How many times
I gotta say, close ya eyes?
And go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Die mothafucka die,(Bi Bi), motherfucker, (Bi Bi)!
Go to sleep bitch! [DMX] (what?)
Why are you still alive? Why? die mothafucka,
ah, ah, ah...GO TO SLEEP BITCH!
[Eminem]
All you motherfuckers! take that!
Here, take this too, bitch! Uh, Uh, Uh, Uh, Waaaaaahoo!
We're killin all you motherfuckers dead, all you!
Fake ass gangsters! No more press! No more press!
Rot, motherfuckers, rot! (unhn) Decay, in the dirt,
bitch, in the motherfucking dirt!
Die nameless, bitch, die nameless! No more fame!
Ahhhhhhhhhh! Hahahaha