Alien (law)

In law, an alien is a person who resides within the borders of a country and is not a national of that country, though definitions and terminology differs to some degree.

Etymology

The term "alien" is derived from the Latin alienus, meaning stranger, foreign.

Categories

Different countries use varying terms for "aliens" including:

Alien (creature in Alien franchise)

The "Alien" (also referred to as a "Xenomorph") is a fictional endoparasitoid extraterrestrial arthropodal species that is the eponymous antagonist of the Alien film series. The species made its debut in the film Alien (1979), and reappeared in the sequels Aliens (1986), Alien 3 (1992), and Alien: Resurrection (1997), as well as the crossover franchise Alien vs. Predator (2004) and Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem (2007). A similar creature of a slightly different design also briefly appears in the Ridley Scott film Prometheus (2012). In addition, the Alien appears in various literature and video game spin-offs from the franchises.

Unlike many other extraterrestrial races in science fiction, the Aliens lack a technological civilization and are predatory creatures with no higher goals than the propagation of their species and the ultimate destruction of lifeforms that could pose a threat to them. Like wasps or termites, Aliens are eusocial, with a single fertile queen breeding a caste of warriors. The Aliens' biological life cycle involves traumatic implantation of endoparasitoid larvae inside living hosts; these larvae erupt from the host's chest or intestines after a short incubation period, rapidly mature from juvenile into adulthood, and seek out more hosts for implantation.

Alien Nine

Alien Nine (エイリアン9, Eirian Nain) is a manga series by Hitoshi Tomizawa, which was later adapted into an anime OVA series by J.C.Staff. The manga was serialized in Akita Shoten's Young Champion magazine, spanning 3 volumes. In 2003, Tomizawa released a 1-volume sequel to the series called Alien 9 Emulators. Both the manga and anime are noted for their moe art style contrasting the realistic art style seen in most seinen series at the time and heavy violence despite the young main characters, Pokémon-like monster designs, and initial appearances of a slice-of-life-esque series.

The English adaptation of the series was first licensed by Central Park Media, and has played on Comcast's Anime Selects. Central Park Media released the title under their "US Manga Corps" line, on a single DVD, and later re-released the DVD in a box set with all three manga volumes, which was also licensed by Central Park Media under their "CPM Manga" line. Central Park Media filed for bankruptcy in 2009, and the DVDs and manga volumes have since been out of print, but still in-stock at most online retailers.

Resistance (Owen Sheers novel)

Resistance is an alternative history novel by Welsh poet and author Owen Sheers. The plot centers around the inhabitants of a valley near Abergavenny in Wales in 1944–45, shortly after the failure of Operation Overlord and a successful German counter-invasion of Britain (see Operation Sea Lion). A group of German Wehrmacht soldiers stay there after the wives' husbands leave to serve in the covert British Resistance. The novel follows abandoned farmer's wife, Sarah Lewis and German commanding officer, Albrecht Wolfram as they form an unlikely relationship in spite of their backgrounds and political standings.

The novel was adapted for film in 2011.

The Hereford Mappa Mundi features prominently in the book.

Plot

Upon her husband's disappearance Sarah is forced to take care of the farm. Meanwhile, she develops a relationship with German commanding officer Albrecht as he and the other invaders seek to locate an item for Himmler's collection.

Characters

Resistance (V franchise)

This is a list of the known members of the Resistance, a fictional worldwide movement consisting of a large number of groups dedicated to fighting the Visitors in the V science fiction franchise.

The Atkins

David Atkins was a scientist and a widely respected Professor at Caltech University, as an expert in psycho-cybernetics and computer technology. Later as he became a computer Doctor working for Science Frontiers, where he became friends with Kyle Bates. He was a good person and had a son named Henry, whom he was proud of and had higher expectations for when he got older. When the Visitors came and started discrediting scientists, they ruined his career, and was fired from his position. To make ends meet, he opened a small market shop called "Atkins Deluxe Market", which he ran with Henry. Despite him having lost everything during the First Invasion, David still wanted his son to be a great scientist and taught him everything he knew about computers, leading Henry to become an expert himself and run many personal projects in making computers better.

Drug resistance

Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug such as an antimicrobial, anthelmintic or an antineoplastic in curing a disease or condition. When the drug is not intended to kill or inhibit a pathogen, then the term is equivalent to dosage failure or drug tolerance. More commonly, the term is used in the context of resistance that pathogens have "acquired", that is, resistance has evolved. Antimicrobial resistance and antineoplastic resistance challenge clinical care and drive research. When an organism is resistant to more than one drug, it is said to be multidrug-resistant. Even the immune system of an organism is in essence a drug delivery system, albeit endogenous, and faces the same arms race problems as external drug delivery.

The development of antibiotic resistance in particular stems from the drugs targeting only specific bacterial molecules (almost always proteins). Because the drug is so specific, any mutation in these molecules will interfere with or negate its destructive effect, resulting in antibiotic resistance.