Absenteeism
Absenteeism is a habitual pattern of absence from a duty or obligation. Traditionally, absenteeism has been viewed as an indicator of poor individual performance, as well as a breach of an implicit contract between employee and employer; it was seen as a management problem, and framed in economic or quasi-economic terms. More recent scholarship seeks to understand absenteeism as an indicator of psychological, medical, or social adjustment to work.
Workplace
High absenteeism in the workplace may be indicative of poor morale, but absences can also be caused by workplace hazards or sick building syndrome. Many employers use statistics such as the Bradford factor that do not distinguish between genuine illness and absence for inappropriate reasons. In 2013 in the UK the CIPD estimated that the average worker had 7.6 sick days per year and that absenteeism cost employers £595 per employee per annum.
As a result, many employees feel obliged to come to work while ill, and transmit communicable diseases to their co-workers. This leads to even greater absenteeism and reduced productivity among other workers who try to work while ill. Work forces often excuse absenteeism caused by medical reasons if the employee provides supporting documentation from their medical practitioner. Sometimes, people choose not to show up for work and do not call in advance, which businesses may find to be unprofessional and inconsiderate. This is called a "no call, no show". According to Nelson & Quick (2008) people who are dissatisfied with their jobs are absent more frequently. They went on to say that the type of dissatisfaction that most often leads employees to miss work is dissatisfaction with the work itself.
Absence (Dälek album)
Absence is the third album by alternative hip hop group Dälek, released by Ipecac Recordings in 2005.
Track listing
All songs written and composed by MC Dälek, Oktopus and Joshua Booth.
Reception
Treble magazine included the album in its list of '10 Essential Industrial Hip Hop Albums'.Drowned in Sound magazine ranked the album at #53 on their "DiS is 6: Our 66" list, published in 2006 (which covers its favorite albums from the six years since its creation). Italian underground music magazine OndaRock also rated the album the 26th best of the decade.
Personnel
Absence (Paper Route album)
Absence is the debut full-length studio album by Paper Route, released on April 28, 2009.
Track listing
Charts
References
Kayser
Kayser may refer to:
See also
Kayser (surname)
Kayser is a surname derived from the German imperial title Kaiser (English: emperor). The title Kaiser is in turn derived from the Latin title Caesar, which again is a derivation from the personal name of a branch of the gens (clan) Julia, to which belonged Gaius Julius Caesar, the forebear of the first Roman imperial family. The further etymology is unclear. Other names with the same origin are Kaiser and Keiser; Keyser is more common as a Dutch spelling, and Qaisar is an Arabic version.
Wavenumber
In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (also wave number) is the spatial frequency of a wave, either in cycles per unit distance or radians per unit distance. It can be envisaged as the number of waves that exist over a specified distance (analogous to frequency being the number of cycles or radians per unit time).
In multidimensional systems, the wavenumber is the magnitude of the wave vector. The space of wave vectors is called reciprocal space. Wave numbers and wave vectors play an essential role in optics and the physics of wave scattering, such as X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and elementary particle physics.
For quantum mechanical waves, wavenumber multiplied by Planck's constant is the canonical momentum.
Wavenumber can be used to specify quantities other than spatial frequency. In optical spectroscopy, it is often used as a unit of temporal frequency assuming a certain speed of light. In this context, it is the number of cycles—not radians—per unit length, and the reference distance should be assumed to be cm. In the same domain, wavenumber can also be used as a unit of energy; 1 cm−1 of energy is the amount of energy in a single photon with a wavelength of 1 cm, the conversion being done using Planck's relation. For example, 1 cm−1 implies 1.23984×10−4 eV and 8065.54 cm−1 implies 1 eV.
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