ASEAN NCAP
The New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asian Countries, or known as ASEAN NCAP, is an automobile safety rating program jointly established by the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS) and Global New Car Assessment Program (Global NCAP) upon a collaborative MoU signed by both parties during the FIA (Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile) Foundation Annual General Assembly in New Delhi, India on 7 December 2011.
In January 2013, ASEAN NCAP has published the program's first phase results involving seven popular models in the ASEAN region’s market. At this stage, two separate assessments conducted in the rating scheme which are the Adult Occupant Protection (AOP) by star-rating and Child Occupant Protection (COP) by percentage-based rating.
Member organizations
Currently, the following organizations are officially in the ASEAN NCAP member organizations:
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN /ˈɑːsi.ɑːn/ AH-see-ahn,/ˈɑːzi.ɑːn/ AH-zee-ahn) is a political and economic organization of ten Southeast Asian countries. It was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Since then, membership has expanded to include Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), and Vietnam. Its aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, and sociocultural evolution among its members alongside protection of regional stability and opportunities for member countries to resolve differences peacefully.
ASEAN covers a land area of 4.4 million square kilometers, 3% of the total land area of the Earth. ASEAN territorial waters cover an area about three times larger than its land counterpart. The member countries have a combined population of approximately 625 million people, 8.8% of the world's population. In 2015, the organisation's combined nominal GDP had grown to more than US$2.6 trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity, it would rank as the seventh largest economy in the world, behind the US, China, Japan, Germany, France and the United Kingdom.
ASEAN (cable system)
The ASEAN cable system was a submarine telecommunications cable system linking Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines. It was completed in September 1983, but has since been decommissioned.
Construction
Construction was split into four sections. The first section, a 1,534 nmi (2,841 km) cable, was laid in 1978 with landing points at Currimao, Ilocos Norte in the Philippines and Katong, Singapore. The second section, laid in 1980, was a 572 nm cable from Ancol, Indonesia to Changi, Singapore. The third section, laid in 1983, was a 920 nm cable between Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. The final section laid was from Thailand to the Philippines.
Capacity
The cable carried 1380 circuits which were allocated on the basis of ownership shares in the whole project.
References
ASEAN Free Trade Area
The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is a trade bloc agreement by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.
The AFTA agreement was signed on 28 January 1992 in Singapore. When the AFTA agreement was originally signed, ASEAN had six members, namely, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Vietnam joined in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997 and Cambodia in 1999. AFTA now comprises the ten countries of ASEAN. All the four latecomers were required to sign the AFTA agreement to join ASEAN, but were given longer time frames in which to meet AFTA's tariff reduction obligations.
The primary goals of AFTA seek to:
The primary mechanism for achieving such goals is the Common Effective Preferential Tariff scheme, which established a phased schedule in 1992 with the goal to increase the region’s competitive advantage as a production base geared for the world market.
New Car Assessment Program
A New Car Assessment Program (or Programme) is a government car safety program tasked with evaluating new automobile designs for performance against various safety threats.
The first NCAP was created in 1979, by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. This program was established in response to Title II of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act of 1972, to encourage manufacturers to build safer vehicles and consumers to buy them. Over time, the agency improved the program by adding rating programs, facilitating access to test results, and revising the format of the information to make it easier for consumers to understand. NHTSA asserts the program has influenced manufacturers to build vehicles that consistently achieve high ratings.
The first standardized, 35 mph front crash test was May 21, 1979, and the first results were released October 15 that year. The agency established a frontal impact test protocol based on Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208 (“Occupant Crash Protection”), except that the frontal 4 NCAP test is conducted at 56 km/h (35 mph), rather than 48 km/h (30 mph) as required by FMVSS No. 208.
NCAP (disambiguation)
NCAP may refer to:
