Settle-Carlisle Line

The Settle–Carlisle Line (S&C) is a 73-mile (117 km) long main railway line in northern England. It is also known as the Settle and Carlisle. It is a part of the National Rail network and was constructed in the 1870s. Apart from temporary diversions (such as the closure of the West Coast Main Line) all passenger trains are operated by Northern Rail.

The line runs through remote, scenic regions of the Yorkshire Dales and the North Pennines, from near the town of Settle, beginning at a junction with the line from Leeds to Morecambe, extending to the city of Carlisle close to the England/Scotland border. On the way the line passes through the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland and a number of small communities.

History

The S&C had its origins in railway politics; the expansion-minded Midland Railway company was locked in dispute with the rival London and North Western Railway over access rights to the latter’s tracks to Scotland.

The Midland's access to Scotland was via the "Little North Western" route to Ingleton. The Ingleton Branch Line from Ingleton to Low Gill, where it joined the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway, was under the control of the rival LNWR. Initially the routes, although physically connected at Ingleton, were not logically connected, as the LNWR and Midland could not agree on sharing the use of Ingleton station. Instead the LNWR terminated its trains at a station at the end of Ingleton viaduct, and Midland Railway passengers had to change into LNWR trains by means of a walk of about a mile over steep gradients between the two stations.

Global Combat Ship

The Type 26 Global Combat Ship, or simply Type 26, is a ship design and construction programme of the Ministry of Defence of the United Kingdom, to replace the thirteen Type 23 frigates of the Royal Navy and for export.

The programme started in 1998, named "Future Surface Combatant" (FSC). In March 2010 BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships was awarded a four-year contract to develop the Type 26 Global Combat Ship. The design passed Main Gate 1, with Demonstration Phase starting 1 April 2015, manufacturing planned to begin in 2016 and the first Type 26 to be delivered in 2022.

Development

Future Surface Combatant

The Global Combat Ship started development under the original Future Surface Combatant (FSC) programme intended to replace the Royal Navy's Type 22 and Type 23 frigates. Planning for a replacement escort vessel started in 1998 with the ordering of a research vessel, the RV Triton, to study whether a trimaran design was practical for such a large and complex vessel. However, by the early 2000s it was apparently obvious the Royal Navy favoured more conventional designs. In March 2005, plans were released for a two-class solution, a cheaper "Medium Sized Vessel Derivative" entering service in 2016-19 and a more capable "Versatile Surface Combatant" entering service around 2023.

South Carolina Highway 61

South Carolina Highway 61 (SC 61) is a 67.3-mile (108.3 km) long state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway is designated on an east–west direction, from U.S. Route 78 (US 78) near Branchville to SC 30 in Charleston. The portion of SC 61 from Church Creek Bridge and 10 miles (16 km) north is designated a National Scenic Byway.

Route description

St. Andrew's Boulevard

The eastern-most section of SC 61 is named St. Andrew's Boulevard. This section travels from US 17 to SC 171. It is mostly residential buildings that have been rezoned commercial.

Ashley River Road

Ashley River Road is the portion of SC 61 that travels through Charleston near the Ashley River from SC 171 to SC 165. It is four lanes near Sam Rittenberg Boulevard, but becomes two lanes through the scenic stretch. Along the two-lane stretch, there are many large oaks and historic plantations. The SC 61/Ashley River Road exit from Interstate 526 (I-526) actually exits onto SC 461 (Paul Cantrell Boulevard).

SEC Rule 144A

Rule 144A. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") provides a safe harbor from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 for certain private resales of minimum $500,000 units of restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers (QIBs), which generally are large institutional investors that own at least $100 million in investable assets. When a broker or dealer is selling securities in reliance on Rule 144A, it may make offers to non-QIBs through general solicitations following an amendment to the rule in 2012.

Since its adoption, Rule 144A has greatly increased the liquidity of the securities affected. This is because the institutions can now trade these formerly restricted securities amongst themselves, thereby eliminating the restrictions that are imposed to protect the public. Rule 144A was implemented in order to induce foreign companies to sell securities in the US capital markets. For firms registered with the SEC or a foreign company providing information to the SEC, financial statements need not be provided to buyers. Rule 144A has become the principal safe harbor on which non-U.S. companies rely when accessing the U.S. capital markets.

A. S. (automobile)

The A.S. was a light car made from 1924 to 1926 by Voiturettes Automobiles A.S. initially at Courbevoie, and subsequently relocated to La Garenne-Colombes where they operated till 1928.

The manufacturer took at stand at the 19th Paris Motor Show in October 1924 and exhibited a small attractive 2-seater "Torpedo" bodied voiturette-roadster with a fashionably tapered tail, and designated as the "AS Type A2" and the "AS Type A2S". The 4-cylinder twin overhead camshaft engine was of 1,098 cc capacity and the wheelbase was of just 2,180 mm (85.8 in). Proprietary Chapuis-Dornier or C.I.M.E. engines were also offered. There were brakes on all four wheels. The manufacturer's listed price was 17,000 francs.

Three years later production came to an end with only a few dozen of the little sports cars sold.

References

Lace, William W. Elizabethan England. San Diego, California: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, 1995. 1-128.

A2S

A2S is used as an abbreviation for

American Society of Cinematographers

The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC), founded in 1919, is an educational, cultural, and professional organization. Neither a labor union nor a guild, ASC membership is by invitation and is extended only to directors of photography and special effects experts with distinguished credits in the film industry.

Members can put the letters A.S.C. after their names. ASC membership has become one of the highest honors that can be bestowed upon a professional cinematographer, a mark of prestige and distinction. The ASC currently has approximately 340 members and continues to grow.

Origins

Its history goes back to the Cinema Camera Club in New York City founded by Arthur Charles Miller, Phil Rosen, and Frank Kugler. Arthur Miller and his brother, William Miller, both filmmakers in New York City, worked together and established a much-needed union for cinematography workers called the Motion Picture Industry Union. Arthur Miller left to work in Hollywood, California, one year after the Motion Picture Industry Union was formed. The ASC was chartered in California in January 1919 by Miller and claims to be the "oldest continuously operating motion picture society in the world".