4 bore

Four bore or 4 bore is an obsolete black powder caliber of the 19th century, used for the hunting of large and potentially dangerous game animals. The specifications place this caliber between the larger two bore and the lesser six bore. This caliber was the quintessential elephant gun caliber of the black powder safari rifles.

Specifications

The name derives out of an old English practice of bore measurements in gunmaking, meaning a perfectly round pure lead ball that exactly fits the bore of the weapon would weigh 1/4 lb—that is, 0.25 lb (0.11 kg) (see gauge). The 4 bore was made to fire roundballs of 1/4 pound lead, or approximately 1750 grains (1750 gr.) and approximately 1-inch (25 mm) calibre (more precisely, 1.053-inch (26.7 mm), when shooting pure lead bullets). This varied greatly as in muzzle loader days shotgun gauges were custom made and often differed from the actual bore measurements. Commonly, 4 gauges were closer to .935–.955 calibre, pertaining to a 1400 gr. alloyed lead ball and closer to 5 gauge.

Bore

Bore or Bores may refer to:

Relating to holes

Places

People

Maritime shipping

Boreč

Boreč is a village and municipality in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

References

Coordinates: 50°024′036″N 14°044′014″E / 50.41000°N 14.73722°E / 50.41000; 14.73722

Bore (wind instruments)

The bore of a wind instrument is its interior chamber that defines a flow path through which air travels and is set into vibration to produce sounds. The shape of the bore has a strong influence on the instrument's timbre.

Bore shapes

The cone and the cylinder are the two idealized shapes used to describe the bores of wind instruments. These shapes affect the harmonics associated with the timbre of the instrument. The conical bore has a timbre composed of odd and even harmonics, while the closed cylindrical bore or closed tube is composed primarily of odd harmonics. The harmonic characteristics of instruments such as the clarinet (closed cylinder) are more variable than a given waveform and bore alone is not the only determining factor. The timbre of a clarinet, for instance, mainly depends on the construction of the mouthpiece and the properties of the reed. Furthermore, minute changes in air pressure and pressure applied to the reed (vibrato, slurs) modulate the tone.