Ōe (大江町 Ōe-machi) is a town located in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.
As of November 2013, the town had an estimated population of 8,721 and a population density of 56.7 persons per km2. The total area was 153.92 square kilometres (59 sq mi).
Ōe is located in mountainous central Yamagata. Like many small towns in Japan, Ōe is a collection of smaller hamlets. Elevation rises and populations decrease from east to west. The easternmost hamlet is Aterazawa, and contains about 4/5 of the town's population. The Mogami River forms the eastern border of the town.
Ōe has a Humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa) with large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is heaviest from August to October.