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{{Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari info}}
'''Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari''' ('''AQSh'''; {{lang-en|United States of America, USA}}), '''Qoʻshma Shtatlar''' ({{lang-en|United States}}) yoki shunchaki '''Amerika''' ({{lang-en|America}}) [[Shimoliy Amerika]]dagi mamlakatdir. Poytaxti — [[Vashington (shahar)|Vashington]] shahri, [[Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti]] aʼzosi. AQSh sharqdan [[Atlantika]], gʻarbdan [[Tinch okeani]], janubi-sharqdan [[Meksika qoʻltigʻi]] bilan oʻralgan. Maʼmuriy jihatdan 50 [[Shtat (AQSh)|shtat]] va bir [[Vashington (shahar)|federal okrugga]] boʻlinadi. [[Alyaska]] va [[Gavayi]] shtatlari mamlakat asosiy hududidan tashqarida joylashgan. [[Puerto-Riko]] Hamdoʻstligi, [[Shimoliy Mariana orollari]] Hamdoʻstligi, [[Guam]], [[Virginiya orollari]] va [[Amerika Samoasi]] ham AQShga qarashli. Maydoni — jami 9 833 520 km{{sup|2}}. Aholisi 341 million kishi (2024) dan oshiq boʻlib, aholi soni boʻyicha jahonda [[Aholi boʻyicha davlatlar roʻyxati|uchinchi oʻrinda]] turadi.
'''Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari''' ('''AQSh'''; {{lang-en|United States of America, USA}}), '''Qoʻshma Shtatlar''' ({{lang-en|United States}}) yoki shunchaki '''Amerika''' ({{lang-en|America}}) [[Shimoliy Amerika]]dagi mamlakatdir. Poytaxti — [[Vashington (shahar)|Vashington]] shahri, [[Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti]] aʼzosi. AQSh sharqdan [[Atlantika]], gʻarbdan [[Tinch okeani]], janubi-sharqdan [[Meksika qoʻltigʻi]] bilan oʻralgan. Maʼmuriy jihatdan 50 [[Shtat (AQSh)|shtat]] va bir [[Vashington (shahar)|federal okrugga]] boʻlinadi. [[Alyaska]] va [[Gavayi]] shtatlari mamlakat asosiy hududidan tashqarida joylashgan. [[Puerto-Riko]] Hamdoʻstligi, [[Shimoliy Mariana orollari]] Hamdoʻstligi, [[Guam]], [[Virginiya orollari]] va [[Amerika Samoasi]] ham AQShga qarashli. Maydoni — jami 9 833 520 km{{sup|2}}. Aholisi 341 million kishi (2024) dan oshiq boʻlib, aholi soni boʻyicha jahonda [[Aholi boʻyicha davlatlar roʻyxati|uchinchi oʻrinda]] turadi.


== Tarixi ==
== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"
Qadim zamonlarda hozirgi AQSh hududida [[indeyslar]] va [[eskimoslar]] yashagan. Amerika 1492-yilda [[Christopher Columbus]] tomonidan kashf etilgandan keyin XVI asrda [[Ispaniya]], [[Fransiya]], [[Angliya]], [[Gollandiya]] va [[Shvetsiya]] Shimoliy Amerikadagi boʻsh yerlarni egallashga kirishdi. Angliya XVIII asr oʻrtalarida asosiy raqiblarini surib chiqarib, qitʼaning sharqiy qismida oʻzining mustamlakachilik hukmronligini oʻrnatdi. Yerlarni egallash va oʻrnashib olish bilan ayni bir vaqtda mahalliy aholi qirgʻin qilindi va Afrikadan qul negrlar ommaviy ravishda olib kelindi. 1775–1783-yillardagi Shimoliy Amerikada [[AQSh mustaqillik urushi|mustaqillik uchun urush]] davomida 1776-yil 4-iyulda federal davlat — AQShga asos solindi va u [[respublika]] deb eʼlon qilindi. [[George Washington]] Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlarining birinchi prezidenti etib saylandi. Mamlakat shimolida sanoat va fermerlik, janubida quldorlikka asoslangan dehqonchilik rivojlandi. Gʻarbdagi indeys qabilalarini haydab yuborish va yangi yerlarni oʻzlashtirish hisobiga AQSh hududi tez kengaya bordi. 1803-yilda [[Fransiya]]dan Gʻarbiy Luiziana „sotib olindi“, 1819-yilda [[Ispaniya]] [[Florida]]ning bahridan oʻtdi, 1836-yilda [[Meksika]]dan [[Texas]] tortib olindi. XIX asr mobaynida hozirgi [[Kaliforniya]], [[Arizona]], [[Nyu-Meksiko]] va [[Nevada]] shtatlarining hududlari, [[Kolorado]] va [[Vayoming]] shtatlarining bir qismi qoʻshib olindi. XIX asr oʻrtalarida AQShda „ikki partiyali tizim“ tarkib topdi. Endi hokimiyatni [[Demokratlar partiyasi]] bilan [[Respublikachilar partiyasi]] galma-gal boshqaradigan boʻldi. Shimoliy burjuaziyasi bilan janub plantatorlari oʻrtasidagi ziddiyat AQShda 1861–1865-yillarda [[AQSh fuqarolar urushi|fuqarolar urushiga]] olib keldi, unda prezident [[Abraham Lincoln]] boshchiligidagi shimoliy shtatlar gʻalaba qozondi. Urush davomida yer ulushlari haqida (1862), quldorlikni bekor qilish toʻgʻrisida (1865) qonunlar qabul qilindi. Fuqarolar urushidan soʻng mamlakat iqtisodiyoti jadal rivojlana boshladi. 1867-yilda AQSh [[Rossiya imperiyasi|chor Rossiyasidan]] [[Alyaska]] va [[Aleut]] orollarini sotib oldi; XIX asr oxirida [[Filippin]], [[Gavayi]], [[Puerto-Riko]] va boshqalarni, 1903-yilda [[Panama kanali]] zonasini qoʻlga kiritdi. Ikki asr boʻsagʻasida AQShga koʻchib kelishning yangi toʻlqini boshlandi. Muhojirlarning aksariyati janubi-sharqiy [[Yevropa|Yevropadan]] edi. Birinchi jahon urushi davri (1914–1918)da AQSh avvaliga betaraflik mavqeyida turdi, 1917-yil aprelda Antanta tomonida turib harakat qildi. Urushdan keyin AQSh iqtisodiy yuksalish davriga kirdi. Ammo tez orada iqtisodiy inqiroz (1929–1933) boshlanib, ishsizlik kuchaydi (1933-yilda 17 million ishsiz bor edi), korxonalar sindi, ishlab chiqarish keskin pasaydi. Inqiroz sharoitida [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] (1933–1945-yillarda AQSh prezidenti) boshchiligidagi Demokratik partiya maʼmuriyati hokimiyat tepasiga keldi. Uning tashabbusi bilan bir qancha ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tadbirlar amalga oshirildi, „yangi yoʻl“ deb atalgan bu yoʻl AQShni inqirozdan olib chiqish maqsadini koʻzlar edi. 1941-yilda [[Yaponiya]] Amerikaning [[Pearl Harbor]] harbiy-dengiz bazasiga hujum qilganidan keyin AQSh [[Ikkinchi jahon urushi]]ga qoʻshildi va [[Adolf Hitler]]ga qarshi [[koalitsiya]] tomoniga oʻtdi. Amerika qurolli kuchlari asosan [[Tinch okeani]]da [[Yaponiya]]ga qarshi jangovar harakatlarda qatnashdi. 1943-yilda Italiyaga qoʻshin tushirdi. AQSh ittifoqchilarning xalqaro [[anjuman]]larida (1943-yil [[Tehron]], 1945-yil [[Qrim]], 1945-yil [[Potsdam]] [[konferensiya]]larida) qatnashdi. Nihoyat, 1944-yil 6-iyunda AQSh bilan [[Buyuk Britaniya]] ikkinchi frontni ochdi. 1945-yil avgustda [[Harry S. Truman]] (1945–1953-yillarda AQSh prezidenti) buyrugʻi bilan Yaponiyaning [[Xirosima]] va [[Nagasaki]] shaharlariga [[Atom bombasi|atom bombalari]] tashlandi; oʻn minglab tinch aholining qirilishiga sabab boʻldi. 1950–1953-yillarda AQSh Koreya urushida qatnashdi, 1956–1975-yillarda [[Vyetnam]]da [[Vyetnam urushi|urush]] olib bordi. 1945-yildan AQSh — [[Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti|BMT]], shuningdek, Amerika davlatlari tashkiloti, [[NATO]] aʼzosi.
|+ Awards and nominations for Talia Ryder
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Work
!Result
! class="unsortable"| Ref(s)
|-
| rowspan="10"| {{center|2021}}
| [[:en:26th Critics' Choice Awards|Critics' Choice Movie Awards]]
| [[:en:Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Young Performer|Best Young Performer]]
| rowspan="10" |''[[:en:Never Rarely Sometimes Always|Never Rarely Sometimes Always]]''
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|last=Chan|first=Anna|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2021-critics-choice-awards-nominations-full-list-9523011/|title=2021 Critics Choice Awards Nominations: See the Full List|website=[[:en:Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=June 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626210819/https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/2021-critics-choice-awards-nominations-full-list-9523011/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Davis|first=Clayton|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/news/2021-critics-choice-awards-winners-list-1234922714/|title=Critics Choice Awards 2021 Full Winners: Chloe Zhao’s ‘Nomadland’ Continues Its Reign on Awards Season|website=[[:en:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=March 7, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=October 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019055458/https://variety.com/2021/film/news/2021-critics-choice-awards-winners-list-1234922714/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Davis|first=Clayton|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/awards/critics-choice-nominations-2021-mank-netflix-1234902895/|title=Critics Choice Awards: ‘Mank’ Leads With 12 Nominations, Netflix Makes History With Four Best Picture Nominees|website=[[:en:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528174840/https://variety.com/2021/film/awards/critics-choice-nominations-2021-mank-netflix-1234902895/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://criticschoice.com/2021/02/film-nominations-announced-for-the-26th-annual-critics-choice-awards/|title=Film nominees for the 26th annual Critics Choice Awards have been announced|website=[[:en:Broadcast Film Critics Association|Critics' Choice Association]]|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104000335/http://criticschoice.com/2021/02/film-nominations-announced-for-the-26th-annual-critics-choice-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Hammond|first=Pete|url=https://deadline.com/2021/02/mank-minari-lead-critics-choice-awards-film-nominations-chadwick-boseman-1234689332/|title=‘Mank’, ‘Minari’ Lead Critics Choice Awards Film Nominations; Netflix Tops Studios; Chadwick Boseman Receives 4|website=[[:en:Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206175101/https://deadline.com/2021/02/mank-minari-lead-critics-choice-awards-film-nominations-chadwick-boseman-1234689332/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lewis|first=Hilary|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2021-critics-choice-awards-winners-list-4144896/|title=Critics Choice Awards: ‘Nomadland’ Wins Best Picture|website=[[:en:The Hollywood Reporter|The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=March 7, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 21, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521165803/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2021-critics-choice-awards-winners-list-4144896/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ramos|first=Dino-Ray|url=https://deadline.com/2021/03/critics-choice-awards-2021-complete-winners-list-1234708683/|title=Critics Choice Awards: ‘Nomadland’, ‘The Crown’ Among Top Honorees – Complete Winners List|website=[[:en:Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=March 7, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=October 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027023912/https://deadline.com/2021/03/critics-choice-awards-2021-complete-winners-list-1234708683/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Specter|first=Emma|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/critics-choice-awards-2021-winners|title=All the Winners From the 2021 Critics Choice Awards|website=[[:en:Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|date=March 7, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=April 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401070834/https://www.vogue.com/article/critics-choice-awards-2021-winners|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Thompson|first=Anne|url=https://www.indiewire.com/awards/industry/mank-most-critics-choice-awards-nominations-the-irishman-1234615509/|title=‘Mank’ Leads the Critics Choice Awards Nominations; Is It This Year’s ‘Irishman’?|website=[[:en:IndieWire|IndieWire]]|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=October 9, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009094416/https://www.indiewire.com/awards/industry/mank-most-critics-choice-awards-nominations-the-irishman-1234615509/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:List of film awards|Chicago Indie Critics]]
| Best Supporting Actress
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chicagoindiecritics.org/cic-awards/2020-cic-awards/|title=2020 CIC Award Nominations Announcement: Nine Nominations for Ma Rainey's Black Bottom Lead All Films as the Chicago Indie Critics Announce Their Nominees for Their Fifth Annual Awards|website=[[:en:List of film awards|Chicago Indie Critics]]|date=December 28, 2020|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 12, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212212832/https://chicagoindiecritics.org/cic-awards/2020-cic-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://chicagoindiecritics.org/windie-awards/|title=2020 CIC Award Nominations Announcement: Nine Nominations for Ma Rainey's Black Bottom Lead All Films as the Chicago Indie Critics Announce Their Nominees for Their Fifth Annual Awards|website=[[:en:List of film awards|Chicago Indie Critics]]|date=December 28, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223171658/https://chicagoindiecritics.org/windie-awards/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/chicago-indie-critics-nominations-ma-raineys-black-bottom-leads-with-9/|title=Chicago Indie Critics nominations: ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’ leads with 9|website=AwardsWatch|date=December 28, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205005755/https://awardswatch.com/chicago-indie-critics-nominations-ma-raineys-black-bottom-leads-with-9/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jamieson|first=Doug|url=https://filmotomy.com/ma-raineys-black-bottom-dominates-chicago-indie-critics-nominations/|title=Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom Dominates Chicago Indie Critics Nominations|website=Filmotomy|date=December 28, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=November 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104163206/https://filmotomy.com/ma-raineys-black-bottom-dominates-chicago-indie-critics-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Mattison|first=Andy|url=https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/28/chicago-indie-critics-nominations-led-by-ma-raineys-black-bottom/|title=Chicago Indie Critics Nominations Led By ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’|website=Awards Radar|date=December 28, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205080630/https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/28/chicago-indie-critics-nominations-led-by-ma-raineys-black-bottom/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-chicago-indie-critics-cic-nominations/|title=The 2020 Chicago Indie Critics (CIC) Nominations|website=Next Best Picture|date=December 28, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 6, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106223837/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-chicago-indie-critics-cic-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-chicago-indie-critics-cic-winners/|title=The 2020 Chicago Indie Critics (CIC) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=January 2, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205005754/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-chicago-indie-critics-cic-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:List of film awards|Greater WNY Film Critics Association]]
| Breakthrough Performer
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/greater-western-new-york-critics-nominations-sound-of-metal-leads-with-8/|title=Greater Western New York Critics nominations: ‘Sound of Metal’ leads with 8|website=AwardsWatch|date=December 21, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 27, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227063459/https://awardswatch.com/greater-western-new-york-critics-nominations-sound-of-metal-leads-with-8/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://gwnyfilmcritics.com/portfolio/awards-2020/|title=Awards: Our 2020 Winners|website=[[:en:List of film awards|Greater Western New York Film Critics Association]]|date=December 31, 2020|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 30, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530120413/https://gwnyfilmcritics.com/portfolio/awards-2020/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jacobsen|first=Kevin|url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2021/talia-ryder-never-rarely-sometimes-always-oscars/|title=Could Talia Ryder (‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’) ambush the Best Supporting Actress Oscar field|website=[[:en:Penske Media Corporation#Other properties|Gold Derby]]|date=January 20, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jamieson|first=Doug|url=https://filmotomy.com/sound-of-metal-leads-greater-western-new-york-film-critics-associations-nominations/|title=Sound of Metal Leads Greater Western New York Film Critics Associations Nominations|website=Filmotomy|date=December 21, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221202327/https://filmotomy.com/sound-of-metal-leads-greater-western-new-york-film-critics-associations-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-greater-western-new-york-film-critics-association-gwnyfca-winners/|title=The 2020 Greater Western New York Film Critics Association (GWNYFCA) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=December 31, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=March 17, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317072731/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-greater-western-new-york-film-critics-association-gwnyfca-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Springer|first=Catherine|url=https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/31/greater-western-new-york-film-critics-association-stumps-for-nomadland-and-sound-of-metal/|title=Greater Western New York Film Critics Association Stumps for ‘Nomadland’ and ‘Sound of Metal’|website=Awards Radar|date=December 31, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=November 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129054649/https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/31/greater-western-new-york-film-critics-association-stumps-for-nomadland-and-sound-of-metal/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:36th Independent Spirit Awards|Independent Spirit Awards]]
| [[:en:Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female|Best Supporting Female]]
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmindependent.org/press-releases/2021-film-independent-spirit-awards-nominations-announced/|title=2021 Film Independent Spirit Awards Nominations Announced|website=[[:en:Independent Spirit Awards|Independent Spirit Awards]]|date=January 26, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 23, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123200218/https://www.filmindependent.org/press-releases/2021-film-independent-spirit-awards-nominations-announced/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=D'Alessandro|first=Anthony|url=https://deadline.com/2021/01/film-independent-spirit-2021-noms-include-minari-nomadland-ma-raineys-black-bottom-never-rarely-first-cow-1234680490/|title=Spirit Awards Nominations: ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’, ‘Minari’, ‘Nomadland’ & ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’ Lead Field|website=[[:en:Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=January 26, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=July 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727184019/https://deadline.com/2021/01/film-independent-spirit-2021-noms-include-minari-nomadland-ma-raineys-black-bottom-never-rarely-first-cow-1234680490/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ferme|first=Antonio|url=https://variety.com/2021/awards/news/spirit-award-winners-list-2021-1234954818/|title=Independent Spirit Awards 2021: Full Winners List|website=[[:en:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=April 22, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205005752/https://variety.com/2021/awards/news/spirit-award-winners-list-2021-1234954818/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Galuppo|first1=Mia|last2=Nordyke|first2=Kimberly|last3=Drury|first3=Sharareh|last4=Perez|first4=Lexy|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2021-independent-spirit-awards-winners-list-4171081/|title=Film Independent Spirit Awards: ‘Nomadland’ Wins Best Feature, Best Director for Chloe Zhao|website=[[:en:The Hollywood Reporter|The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=April 22, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=November 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127120727/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2021-independent-spirit-awards-winners-list-4171081/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Lang|first1=Brent|last2=Tangcay|first2=Jazz|url=https://variety.com/2021/awards/news/2021-independent-spirit-award-nominations-updating-live-1234892279/|title=‘Minari,’ ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’ Top 2021 Independent Spirit Award Nominations|website=[[:en:Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=January 26, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=April 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420163915/https://variety.com/2021/awards/news/2021-independent-spirit-award-nominations-updating-live-1234892279/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Lewis|first1=Hilary|last2=Galuppo|first2=Mia|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/independent-spirit-awards-nominations-list-2021-4121856/|title=Film Independent Spirit Awards: ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always,’ ‘Minari,’ ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom,’ ‘Nomadland’ Top Nominations|website=[[:en:The Hollywood Reporter|The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=January 26, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118073442/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/independent-spirit-awards-nominations-list-2021-4121856/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Murphy|first=Chris|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2021/04/04/nomadland-takes-home-top-prize-at-the-film-independent-spirit-awards|title=Nomadland Takes Home Top Prize at the Film Independent Spirit Awards|website=[[:en:Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|date=April 23, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=April 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401205653/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2021/04/04/nomadland-takes-home-top-prize-at-the-film-independent-spirit-awards|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:International Cinephile Society|International Cinephile Society]]
| Best Supporting Actress
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/international-cinephile-society-awards-dwelling-in-the-fuchun-mountains-is-best-picture-kelly-reichardt-first-cow-named-best-director/|title=International Cinephile Society Awards: ‘Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains’ is Best Picture, Kelly Reichardt (‘First Cow’) named Best Director|website=AwardsWatch|date=February 20, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528234327/https://awardswatch.com/international-cinephile-society-awards-dwelling-in-the-fuchun-mountains-is-best-picture-kelly-reichardt-first-cow-named-best-director/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-international-cinephile-society-ics-winners/|title=The 2020 International Cinephile Society (ICS) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=February 20, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205011255/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-international-cinephile-society-ics-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Stevens|first=Beth|url=https://icsfilm.org/our-yearly-awards/2021-ics-award-winners/|title=2021 ICS Award Winners: Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains Wins Top Prize at 18th ICS Awards|website=[[:en:International Cinephile Society|International Cinephile Society]]|date=February 20, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208060507/https://icsfilm.org/our-yearly-awards/2021-ics-award-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:List of film awards|Indiana Film Journalists Association]]
| Best Supporting Actress
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-nominations-im-thinking-of-ending-things-leads-with-11/|title=Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) nominations: ‘I’m Thinking of Ending Things’ leads with 11|website=AwardsWatch|date=December 15, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=April 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405094545/https://awardswatch.com/indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-nominations-im-thinking-of-ending-things-leads-with-11/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Carbone|first=Grace|url=https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/15/laundry-list-of-nominations-announced-for-indiana-film-journalists-association-awards/|title=Laundry List of Nominations Announced for Indiana Film Journalists Association Awards|website=Awards Radar|date=December 15, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231206140003/https://awardsradar.com/2020/12/15/laundry-list-of-nominations-announced-for-indiana-film-journalists-association-awards/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jacobsen|first=Kevin|url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2021/talia-ryder-never-rarely-sometimes-always-oscars/|title=Could Talia Ryder (‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’) ambush the Best Supporting Actress Oscar field|website=[[:en:Penske Media Corporation#Other properties|Gold Derby]]|date=January 20, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-nominations/|title=The 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) Nominations|website=Next Best Picture|date=December 15, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=April 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426215052/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-winners/|title=The 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=December 21, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210162527/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-ifja-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Rogers|first=Nick|url=https://midwestfilmjournal.com/2020/12/15/nominations-announced-for-the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-awards/|title=Nominations Announced for the 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association Awards|website=Midwest Film Journal|date=December 15, 2020|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=September 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922192211/https://midwestfilmjournal.com/2020/12/15/nominations-announced-for-the-2020-indiana-film-journalists-association-awards/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:Online Film Critics Society Awards 2020|Online Film Critics Society]]
| [[:en:Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ofcs.org/awards/2020-awards-24th-annual/|title=2020 Awards (24th Annual)|date=January 25, 2021|website=[[:en:Online Film Critics Society|Online Film Critics Society]]|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=March 29, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329143342/https://ofcs.org/awards/2020-awards-24th-annual/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/online-film-critics-society-ofcs-award-nomadland-best-picture-director-actress/|title=Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) award ‘Nomadland’ Best Picture, Director, Actress|website=AwardsWatch|date=January 25, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=September 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924193359/https://awardswatch.com/online-film-critics-society-ofcs-award-nomadland-best-picture-director-actress/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/online-film-critics-society-ofcs-nominations-da-5-bloods-leads/|title=Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) nominations: ‘Da 5 Bloods’ leads|website=AwardsWatch|date=January 19, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=September 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924193359/https://awardswatch.com/online-film-critics-society-ofcs-nominations-da-5-bloods-leads/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-online-film-critics-society-ofcs-nominations/|title=The 2020 Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) Nominations|website=Next Best Picture|date=January 19, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204234257/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-online-film-critics-society-ofcs-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-online-film-critics-society-ofcs-winners/|title=The 2020 Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=January 25, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208124144/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-online-film-critics-society-ofcs-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ofcs.org/ofcs-presents-24th-annual-awards-for-2020/|title=OFCS Presents: 24th Annual Awards for 2020|date=January 25, 2021|website=[[:en:Online Film Critics Society|Online Film Critics Society]]|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118084420/https://ofcs.org/ofcs-presents-24th-annual-awards-for-2020/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ramos|first=Dino-Ray|url=https://deadline.com/2021/01/online-films-critics-society-annual-film-awards-nomadland-best-picture-1234680167/|title=Online Films Critics Society Unveils Annual Film Awards Recipients, Names ‘Nomadland’ Best Picture|website=[[:en:Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=January 25, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528163239/https://deadline.com/2021/01/online-films-critics-society-annual-film-awards-nomadland-best-picture-1234680167/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2"| [[:en:Seattle Film Critics Society#2020 SFCS Awards|Seattle Film Critics Society]]
| [[:en:Seattle Film Critics Society#SFCS Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role|Best Supporting Actress]]
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2020-awards/|title=2020 Awards|date=February 15, 2021|website=[[:en:Seattle Film Critics Society|Seattle Film Critics Society]]|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=May 19, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519013042/https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2020-awards/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/minari-leads-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-nominations/|title=‘Minari’ leads Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) nominations|website=AwardsWatch|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 3, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073640/https://awardswatch.com/minari-leads-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2021/02/08/minari-leads-the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-nominations/|title=“Minari” Leads the 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations|date=February 8, 2021|website=[[:en:Seattle Film Critics Society|Seattle Film Critics Society]]|access-date=July 2, 2024|archive-date=January 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108160424/https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2021/02/08/minari-leads-the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-nominations/|title=The 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) Nominations|website=Next Best Picture|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=June 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626182944/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-winners/|title=The 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=February 15, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=February 5, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205011255/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-seattle-film-critics-society-sfcs-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1358843045563695107|user=seattlecritics|title=The 2020 @SeattleCritics nominees for BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS: * Maria Bakalova - BORAT SUBSEQUENT MOVIEFILM * Olivia Colman - THE FATHER * Talia Ryder - NEVER RARELY SOMETIMES ALWAYS * Amanda Seyfried - MANK * Yuh-jung Youn - MINARI #SFCSawards2020 #SFCS |author=Seattle Film Critics Society|date=February 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208182016/https://twitter.com/seattlecritics/status/1358843045563695107|archive-date=February 8, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1358826684372320256|user=seattlecritics|title=The 2020 @SeattleCritics Nominees for BEST YOUTH PERFORMANCE: * Millie Bobby Brown - ENOLA HOLMES * Alan Kim - MINARI * Ji-hu Park - HOUSE OF HUMMINGBIRD * Talia Ryder - NEVER RARELY SOMETIMES ALWAYS * Helena Zengel - NEWS OF THE WORLD #SFCSawards2020 #SFCS |author=Seattle Film Critics Society|date=February 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208171553/https://twitter.com/seattlecritics/status/1358826684372320256|archive-date=February 8, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[:en:Seattle Film Critics Society#SFCS Award for Best Youth Performance|Best Youth Performance]]
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|-
| [[:en:Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards 2020|Washington Film Critics Association]]
| Best Youth Performance
| bgcolor="#FF E4 E1" | Nominated
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|last=Anderson|first=Erik|url=https://awardswatch.com/washington-dc-critics-nominations-minari-leads-with-8/|title=Washington DC Critics nominations: ‘Minari’ leads with 8|website=AwardsWatch|date=February 6, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=June 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601193725/https://awardswatch.com/washington-dc-critics-nominations-minari-leads-with-8/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jamieson|first=Doug|url=https://filmotomy.com/minari-leads-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-nominations/|title=Minari Leads Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Nominations|website=Filmotomy|date=February 6, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=June 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626194415/https://filmotomy.com/minari-leads-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jamieson|first=Doug|url=https://filmotomy.com/nomadland-declared-best-film-by-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association/|title=Nomadland Declared Best Film by Washington DC Area Film Critics Association|website=Filmotomy|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=June 26, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626182943/https://filmotomy.com/nomadland-declared-best-film-by-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-wafca-nominations/|title=The 2020 Washington DC Area Film Critics Association (WAFCA) Nominations|website=Next Best Picture|date=February 6, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219021154/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-wafca-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Neglia|first=Matt|url=https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-wafca-winners/|title=The 2020 Washington DC Area Film Critics Association (WAFCA) Winners|website=Next Best Picture|date=February 8, 2021|accessdate=July 2, 2024|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207104152/https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2020-washington-dc-area-film-critics-association-wafca-winners/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wafca.com/awards/2020.htm |title=The 2020 WAFCA Awards: 'Nomadland' Finds a Home with WAFCA Critics |website=[[:en:Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association|Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association]] |date=February 8, 2021|access-date=July 2, 2024|archivedate=December 27, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227223800/http://wafca.com/awards/2020.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}


== Geografiyasi ==
==References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{asosiy|AQSh geografiyasi}}
[[Atlantika okeani]]ning AQSh qirgʻogʻida [[koʻrfaz]] va [[qoʻltiq]]lar juda koʻp, sohillari asosan pasttekislikdan iborat; eng katta yarim orol — [[Florida]]. Mamlakat [[relyef]]i uch turga boʻlinadi. Gʻarbdagi Kordilyera togʻ tizmasi AQSh hududining uchdan bir qismini egallaydi. [[Tinch okeani|Tinch okean]] sohili baland togʻlar (Alyaska tizmasida AQSh va butun — 6194 m balandlikdagi [[Mak-Kinli choʻqqisi]] joylashgan; bundan tashqari Qirgʻoqboʻyi tizmalari va [[Kaskad]]li togʻlar, [[Syerra-Nevada]] togʻlari bor). Sharqiy mintaqani Qoyali togʻ tizmalari egallagan. Mazkur ikkala togʻli mintaqa oraligʻida [[Kolumbiya]] va [[Kolorado]] [[plato]]lari bor. Katta Havza choʻl yassi togʻliklarini chuqur daralar bir-biridan ajratib turadi. Sharqda uncha baland boʻlmagan [[Appalachi togʻlari]] (balandligi 2037&nbsp;m gacha, [[Mitchell togʻi]]) boʻlib, uni torgina Atlantika boʻyi pasttekisligi okeandan ajratib turadi. Kordilyera bilan Appalachi oʻrtasida Markaziy tekisliklar, Buyuk tekisliklar (yoki Preriy platosi) va Meksikaboʻyi tekisliklarini oʻz ichiga olgan ichki tekisliklar joylashgan. Shim.da suv-muz shaklidagi relyefli Lavrentiy tepaligining bir qismi joylashgan. AQSh — foydali qazilma zaxiralari va xilma-xilligi jihatidan dunyoning eng boy mamlakatlaridan biri. [[Koʻmir]], [[neft]], [[gaz]], [[mis]], [[qoʻrgʻoshin]], [[rux]], [[uran]], [[temir]], [[titan]] rudalari, [[simob]], [[oltin]], [[molibden]], [[volfram]], [[fosforit]] [[kon]]lari mavjud. [[Tosh]] va [[kaliy]] tuzlari, [[oltingugurt]] va boshqa minerallar ham bor. AQSh hududining deyarli barcha qismi [[moʻtadil mintaqa|moʻtadil]] va [[subtropik mintaqa|subtropik]] mintaqalarda, [[Alyaska]] — [[subarktika mintaqasi|subarktika]], [[Florida]]ning janubiy qismi [[tropik mintaqa]]larda joylashgan. Mamlakatning shimoli-sharqiy va sharqiy qismlari iqlimiga iliq Golfstrim oqimi, [[Tinch okean]] sohili iqlimiga sovuq Kaliforniya oqimi anchagina taʼsir oʻtkazadi. Hudud yuzasining tuzilish xususiyatlariga koʻra shimoliy va janubiy mintaqalar oʻrtasida havoning faol almashinuvi munosabati bilan [[ob-havo]] tez-tez oʻzgarib turadi. AQSh ichki mintaqalarining iqlimi — kontinental, Kordilyera ichki hududlarida keskin kontinental. [[Bismark (shahar)|Bismark]] shahrida (Shimoliy Dakota shtati) yanvarning oʻrtacha harorati -19°, iyulda 21°, [[Chikago]] shahrida yanvarda -3,7° va iyulda 32°. Meksikaboʻyi pasttekisligi va Atlantika boʻyi pasttekisligining janubiy qismida subtropik iqlim. [[Yangi Orlean]] shahrida yanvarning oʻrtacha harorati 12°, iyulda 27,4°. [[Atlantika]] boʻyi sohilining shimoli-sharqiy qismi va Tinch okean boʻyi sohilining shimoliy qismida — dengiz iqlimi. [[Nyu-York]]da yanvarning oʻrtacha harorati -0,8°, iyulda 23°. Tinch okean sohilining janubida [[Oʻrta dengiz]]ga oʻxshash iqlim, Kordilyera janubiy qismining ichki tumanlarida juda issiq va qurgʻoqchil. Havoning eng past harorati (-64° gacha) Yukon yassi togʻligi (Alyaska)da, eng yuqori harorati esa (50°) [[Ajal vodiysi]] ([[Kaliforniya]])da kuzatilgan.

[[Fayl:Canyon River Tree (165872763).jpeg|thumb|[[Katta Kanyon]]]]

Oʻrtacha yillik yogʻin Alyaskaning janubi-sharqida va [[Vashington (shtat)|Vashington]] shtatining gʻarbida — 3000–4000&nbsp;mm, mamlakatning janubi-sharqida — 1500–2000&nbsp;mm, ichki tekisliklarda — sharqda 1500 mm dan gʻarbda 3 000&nbsp;mm gacha. AQShning koʻp daryolari [[Atlantika]] okeani havzasiga quyiladi. Mamlakat hududidan dunyoning eng yirik daryo tizimlaridan biri — [[Missuri (daryo)|Missuri]] bilan [[Missisipi (daryo)|Missisipi]] daryosi oqib oʻtadi. [[Appalachi]]dan oqib kelib Atlantika okeaniga quyiladigan daryolar ([[Gudzon (daryo)|Gudzon]], [[Potomak (daryo)|Potomak]] va boshqalar) — qisqa, tez va sersuv. Kordilyeraning daryo tarmogʻi siyrakroq. Bu yerdagi Kolumbiya, Kolorado kabi soylar chuqur daralardan oqib oʻtadi. Mamlakat shimolida, Kanada chegarasida Buyuk koʻllar ([[Yuqori koʻl]], [[Guron]], [[Michigan (koʻl)|Michigan]], [[Eri]], [[Ontario]]) bor. Katta Havza togʻida Katta Shoʻr koʻl, [[Florida]]da koʻpdan-koʻp sayoz koʻl va qoʻltiqlar, Alyaskada [[muzlik]]lardan hosil boʻlgan tektonik koʻllar, jumladan, [[Iliamna]] koʻli bor. Ichki suvlardan [[sanoat]] va [[kommunal suv taʼminoti]], kema qatnovi, sugʻorish va [[gidroenergiya]] manbai sifatida barakali foydalaniladi. [[Tuproq]] qoplami xilma-xil. Shimoli-sharqda serajriq podzol (kulrang) va qoʻngʻir oʻrmon tuproq, janubi-sharqda qizgʻish va sargʻish tuproq, ichki tekisliklarda qoramtir preriy, qoratuproq va toʻq sur, Kordilyeraning togʻ oraligʻi platosida quruq dashtlarning kulrang va och sur tuproqlari. Mamlakat shimoli-sharqida aralash va qaragʻay oʻrmonlari, janubida keng bargli, Tinch okean sohili va Kordilyera yon bagʻirlarida igna bargli oʻrmonlar ustun. Markaziy tekisliklarning gʻarbidagi ayrim joylarda oʻtsimon preriy oʻsimlikzorlari, Buyuk tekisliklar, Kordilyera platosi va vodiylarida quruq dashtlarning oʻsimliklari saqlanib qolgan. Kordilyera yassi togʻligining qurgʻoqchil qismini [[chala choʻl]] va [[choʻl]]lar egallaydi. Muhofazaga olingan yirik tabiat obyektlari orasida Iyellouston milliy bogʻi, Yosemit milliy bogʻi, Sekvoyya, Grand-Kanon milliy bogʻlari, Mamont va Karlsbad gʻorlari bor.

== Hukumat va siyosat ==
=== Davlat tuzumi ===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| caption_align = center
| image1 = US Capitol west side.JPG
| caption1 = AQSh Kapitoli
| image2 = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
| caption2 = Oq uy, [[AQSh prezidenti]]ning yashash va ish joyi
| image3 = Panorama of United States Supreme Court Building at Dusk.jpg
| caption3 = [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Oliy sudi|Oliy sud binosi]]
| total_width =
| alt1 = AQSh Kapitoli
| alt2 = Oq uy
| alt3 = Oliy sud binosi
}}

AQSh 50 ta shtat, bitta federal okrug va beshta hududdan tashkil topgan federativ respublikadir.<ref>{{veb manbasi|title=Common Core Document of the United States of America|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/179780.htm|date=30-dekabr 2011-yil|publisher=U.S. Department of State|access-date=10-iyul 2015-yil}}</ref>{{sfn|The New York Times|2007|p=670}}{{sfn|Onuf|2010|p=xvii}} Bundan tashqari, jahonning mavjud eng qadimgi [[federatsiya]]si hisoblanadi. 2021-yilda AQSh [[Demokratiya indeksi]]da 26-oʻrinni egalladi.<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi|last=Francis|first=Ellen|date=10-fevral 2022-yil|title=Global freedoms have hit a ʻdismal’ record low, with pandemic restrictions making things worse, report says|language=inglizcha|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/10/global-democracy-index-2021-pandemic/|access-date=2022-02-18|issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

{{multiple image
| align = left
| direction = horizontal
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg
| width1 = 120
| caption1 = [[Joe Biden]]<br /><small>46-[[AQSh prezidenti|prezident]]</small>
| image2 = Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg
| width2 = 120
| caption2 = [[Kamala Harris]]<br /><small>49-[[vitse-prezident]]</small>
| footer = 20-yanvar 2021-yildan beri
| footer_align = center
| alt1 = Portrait of Joe Biden
| alt2 = Portrait of Kamala Harris
}}

AQShning amaldagi konstitutsiyasi 1787-yilda qabul qilingan. Davlat va hukumat boshligʻi, qurolli kuchlar bosh qoʻmondoni — [[AQSh prezidenti|prezident]], uning vakolatlari juda katta. Vitse-prezident bilan birga bavosita, ikki bosqichli saylov yoʻli bilan (saylovchilar hayʼati orqali) 4 yil muddatga saylanadi. Qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyatni senat va vakillar palatasidan iborat ikki palatali kongress amalga oshiradi. Senatda 100 senator bor (ular 6 yil muddatga, har shtatdan 2 tadan saylanadi va 1/3 qismi har 2 yilda yangilab turiladi). Vakillar palatasiga 435 deputat 2 yilga saylanadi. Ijrochi hokimiyat organi — AQSh hukumati prezident tomonidan senatning roziligi bilan tayinlanadi; 13 vazirdan iborat boʻladi. Hukumat kongress oldida masʼul emas. Har bir shtatning oʻz konstitutsiyasi bor. Shtatdagi qonun chiqaruvchi hokimiyatni qonun chiqaruvchi majlis, ijrochi hokimiyatni esa gubernator amalga oshiradi. AQSh davlatining konstitutsiyaviy tizimiga uch siyosiy-huquqiy qoida asos qilib olingan, bu qoidalar — hokimiyatning boʻlinishi, federalizm va sudning konstitutsiyaviy nazoratidan iborat. Hokimiyatning boʻlinish qoidasi davlat hokimiyatining uch tarmogʻi — qonun chiqaruvchilik, ijroiya va sud hokimiyatlarining mustaqilligini va ular oʻrtasida vazifalarning chegaralab qoʻyilishini nazarda tutadi. Federal darajadagi uch tarmoq — [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Kongressi|Kongress]], Prezident va [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Oliy sudi|Oliy suddir]].

=== Siyosiy partiyalari, kasaba uyushmalari ===
Respublikachilar partiyasi, 1854-yilda tuzilgan; Demokratik partiya, 1828-yilda tuzilgan; Kommunistik partiya, 1919-yilda tuzilgan; Amerika Mehnat Federatsiyasi — ishlab chiqarish kasaba uyushmalari Kongressi, 1955-yil tashkil etilgan. AQShda salkam 40 mustaqil kasaba uyushmalari ham bor, ularga 4,5 million ishchi va xizmatchi aʼzo boʻlib kirgan.

== Demografiyasi ==
=== Aholisi ===
{{asosiy|Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari demografiyasi}}
{{Historical populations
|title= Aholisi
|align= right
|cols= 2
|percentages= pagr
|1610 | 350
|1620 | 2302
|1630 | 4646
|1640 | 26634
|1650 | 50368
|1660 | 75058
|1670 | 111935
|1680 | 151507
|1690 | 210372
|1700 | 250888
|1710 | 331711
|1720 | 466185
|1730 | 629445
|1740 | 905563
|1750 | 1170760
|1760 | 1593625
|1770 | 2148076
|1780 | 2780369
|1790 | 3929214
|1800 | 5308483
|1810 | 7239881
|1820 | 9638453
|1830 | 12866020
|1840 | 17069453
|1850 | 23191876
|1860 | 31443321
|1870 | 38558371
|1880 | 50189209
|1890 | 62979766
|1900 | 76212168
|1910 | 92228496
|1920 | 106021537
|1930 | 123202624
|1940 | 132164569
|1950 | 151325798
|1960 | 179323175
|1970 | 203211926
|1980 | 226545805
|1990 | 248709873
|2000 | 281421906
|2010 | 308745538
|2020 | 331449281
|estyear= 2021
|estimate= 331893745
|estref=
|source=<ref name="Census1860">{{veb manbasi |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States |website=census.gov |access-date=28-may 2013-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=12-avgust 2012-yil }}</ref>
}}
AQShning hozirgi aholisi uch asosiy etnik tarkibiy qismdan: AQSh amerikaliklari, muhojirlar va tub joy aholisidan iborat. AQSh aholisining 82,8% ni asli kelib chiqishi yevropaliklar, 12,6% ni afrikaliklar, 3,6% ni osiyoliklar, 1% ni hindular, eskimoslar, aleutlar tashkil etadi. Aholining 80% shaharlarda yashaydi. AQSh amerikaliklari millat sifatida asosan 18-asrning 2-yarmida Yevropaning turli mamlakatlaridan kelgan muhojirlarning aralashib ketishi natijasida tarkib topgan. Afroamerikaliklar („qoralar“ deb ata-luvchi negrlar) AQSh amerikaliklarining irqiy-etnografik guruhi boʻlib, ular 17-19-asrlarda mamlakatga keltirilgan afrikalik qullarning avlodlaridir. Afroamerikaliklar koʻp asrlar davomida ayirmachilik va kamsituvga duchor qilinishiga qaramay, afrikaliklarning oq tanlilar bilan jismoniy aralashuvi sodir boʻldi. Duragaylar afroamerikaliklar umumiy sonining anchagina qismini tashkil etadi. AQShda meksikanlar, italyanlar, nemislar, fransuzlar, shvedlar, norveglar, gollandlar, yaponlar, polyaklar, xitoylar va boshqaxalqlar ham yashaydi. AQShda 5 mingga yaqin oʻzbek istiqomat qiladi. Ular asosan NyuYork, Vashington, Nyu-Jersi shtatlarida, Filadelfiya shahrida hamda mamlakatning boshqa shtat va shaharlarida yashaydi. Ular turli kasb hamda tijorat ishlari bilan shugʻullanadilar. Hozirgi amerikalik oʻzbeklarning ota-bobolari 1917-yilgi oktyabr toʻntarishidan keyin bolsheviklar tazyiqidan qochib, avval Afgʻoniston va Xitoyga oʻtib ketganlar. 1950-yillarda esa, Pokiston, Saudiya Arabistoni, Turkiya orqali AQShga borib qolishgan. Ikkinchi jahon urushi davrida turli yoʻllar bilan u yerga borib qolgan oʻzbeklar ham uchraydi. AQSh aholisining zichligi — 1&nbsp;km² ga 27,2 kishi. Rasmiy tili — ingliz tili. Dindorlar asosan protestantlar va katoliklardir. Yirik shaharlari: Nyu-York, Chikago, Los Anjeles, Filadelfiya, Xyuston, Detroyt, San Fransisko, Vashington, Boston, Dallas, Klivlend, Baltimor (yana qarang [[Amerikaliklar]]).

=== Tibbiy xizmati ===
Mamlakat kasalxona muassasalarining 70% — xususiy. Shifokorlarni tibbiyot maktablari tayyorlaydi. Saratoga-Springs, Kliften, Trenchlik, Xot-Springsda balneologiya, Atlantiksitida dengiz boʻyi, Santa-Klaus, Monterey, Santa Barbarada dengiz kurortlari bor. Atlantika va Tinch okeanlari sohillari va orollarida, shuningdek togʻ va choʻl joylarda iqlimiy stansiyalar joylashgan.

== Iqtisodiyoti ==
=== Xoʻjaligi ===
AQSh iqtisodiyoti nominal qiymati bo'yicha dunyodagi eng yirik iqtisodiyotdir, u so'nggi 50 yil ichida jahon yalpi ichki mahsulotining kamida to'rtdan bir qismini tashkil etadi . Amerika iqtisodiyoti juda yuqori darajadagi shaffoflikka ega. AQSh davlat organlari tomonidan har hafta, ikki hafta,oy, chorak va yilda bir marta o'nlab turli statistik hisobotlar va iqtisodiy ko'rsatkichlar e'lon qilinadi. Qonunchilikka ko'ra, ularning ba'zilari keyingi davrlarda — yangi ma'lumotlar olinishiga qarab qayta ko'rib chiqilishi kerak. Qayta ko'rib chiqilishi kerak bo'lgan hisobotlarga, iqtisodiy tahlil byurosi tomonidan e'lon qilingan YAIM va aholining shaxsiy daromadlari va xarajatlari to'g'risidagi oylik hisobotlar kabilarni misol qilib keltirish mumkin . Ko'rsatkichlarni yuqoriga yoki pastga qarab ketish holatlarini qayta ko'rib chiqish odatiy hol emas. AQShda o'nlab davlat tashkilotlaridan tashqari, xususiy (tijorat va jamoat) tashkilotlarning o'nlab statistik ko'rsatkichlari e'lon qilinadi. Masalan, uzoq vaqt davomida ADP kompaniyasining ishsizlik to'g'risidagi hisoboti, Michigan universiteti iste'molchilar kayfiyati indeksi, Standard & Poor's Case-Shiller indeksi va boshqalar kabi ko'rsatkichlar ishonchli hisoblanadi. Mamlakat iqtisodiyoti dunyodagi eng xilma-xil milliy iqtisodiyotlardan biri bo'lib, so'nggi 100 yil ichida jahon iqtisodiyotida etakchilikni saqlab kelmoqda. Biroq, 2000-yillarning boshidan boshlab, globallashuvning tezlashishi va rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar iqtisodiyotining o'sishi tufayli uning jahon iqtisodiyotidagi ta'siri biroz pasaydi. 2019-yilda iste'mol xarajatlari Amerika iqtisodiyotining 68 foizini tashkil etdi. 2010-yil avgust holatiga ko'ra, Amerika mehnat resurslariga 154 milliondan ortiq kishi kiradi. Hukumat mamlakatning eng yirik ish beruvchisidir, davlat kompaniyalari va tuzilmalarida 21 milliondan ortiq kishi ishlaydi. Xususiy kompaniyalar orasida eng yirik bandlik sohasi sog'liqni saqlash va ijtimoiy ta'minot (16,4 million kishi). Xodimlarning taxminan 12% kasaba uyushmalariga a'zo hisoblanadi(G'arbiy Evropada — 30% ). 2000-yildan buyon ishlab chiqarishdagi ish o'rinlari soni 5 millionga kamaydi. AQSh iqtisodiyotini 1994-2008-yillarda Kanada va Meksika bilan erkin savdo zonasini (NAFTA) tashkil etilishi mustahkamladi. 1993-2013-yillarda AQShning NAFTA mamlakatlariga tovar eksporti hajmi 5 barobardan ko'proqqa: 141,8 milliard dollardan 529,0 milliard dollargacha oshdi. Shu davrda NAFTA mamlakatlaridan AQSh tovar importining qiymati 4 barobardan ko'proq oshdi: 150,8 milliard dollardan 625,0 milliard dollargacha.

=== Sanoati ===
1933-yil 16-iyunda kuchga kirgan sanoatni qayta tiklash haqidagi qonun „Yangi yoʻnalish“ doirasidagi yana bir muhim tadbir boʻldi. Bu qonun sanoatning davlat tomonidan joriy qildi. Birinchi jahon urushi natijasida AQSh Dunyodagi yetakchi davlatga aylanadi. Amerika kompaniyalari Yevropa mamlakatlariga ulkan miqdorda va yuqori narxlarda harbiy jihozlar, qurol -yaroq va oziq ovqat etkazib berdi. Koʻplab Yevropa mamlakatlari AQShdan urush olib borish uchun kredid oldilar va urushdan soʻng AQSh oldida qarzdor boʻlib qoldilar amerika kompaniyalari urush davrida jami 35 mlrd. dollar foyda koʻrishdi.
1933-yil 12-mayda fermerlarga yordam haqidagi qonun qabul qilindi. Ularning mahsulotlariga boʻlgan narxlarni oshirish zarur edi. Fermerlarga ekinzorlar maydonini va chorva turini qisqartirish haqida davlat bilan kontrakt tuzish taklif etildi. Buning uchun ularga mukofotlar berildi. Fermerlarning qarzlari davlat hisobiga qabul qilindi va nomaʼlum muddatga toʻxtatib qoʻyildi. Davlat yuzminglab fermerlarga kredit berdi. Norentabel fermalar tugatildi. „Yangi yoʻnalish“ AQShdagi ijtimoiy munosabatlarni liberallashtirish uchun ijtimoiy qonnunchilik sohasida muhim siljishni amalga oshirildi. 1935-yili AQSh Kongressi "Vagner qonuni " ni qabul qildi. Mazkur qonun boʻyicha ishchilar jamoaviy shartnomalar tuzish huquqiga va ish tashlash huquqiga ega boʻlishdi. Kasaba uyushmalari huquqlarining va ish tashlash huquqining tan olinganligi ishchilar sinfining oʻz saflari birligi uchun kurashiga yangi turtki berdi.
Kasaba uyushmalari soni koʻpayib ketaboshladi. Tan olingan markaz — Amerika mehnat federatsiyasi bilan birga yangi kasaba uyushma tashkiloti — Ishlab chiqarish kasaba uyushmalari komiteti paydo boʻldi. Bu tashkilot 1938-yilda Ishlab chiqarish kasaba uyushmalari kongressi deb nomlandi.
Ruzvelt Prezidentligi davrida ichki siyosatning liberallashtirilganligi tashqi siyosatda ham aks etdi. AQShning tashqi siyosati yanada moslashuvchan va haqqoniyroq boʻlib qoldi. Yangi maʼmuriyatning tashqi siyosatdagi birinchi yirik ishi — 1933-yil noyabrida Sovet Ittifoqi bbilan diplomatic munosabatlar oʻrnatilganligidir. Ikki mamlakat oʻrtasida munosabatlar meʼyorlashganligi ularning iqtisodiy aloqalarini faollashtirildi. 1935 va 1937-yillarda AQSh bilan SSSR oʻrtasida ikki mamlakatning oʻzaro foydali iqtisodiy munosabatlari rivojlanishiga imkon beruvchi savdo bitimlati tuzildi. Ruzvelt 1937-yil 5-oktyabr kuni Chikagoda soʻzlagan nutqida agressorlar atrofida karantin oʻrnatishga chaqirdi. U fashistik davlatlarning bosqinchilik harakatlarini ham keskin qoraladi. 1939-yil 26-iyul kuni AQSh Yaponiya bilan savdo shartnomasini bekor qildi. 1939-yil 4-noyabrda Ikkinchi jahon urushi boshlangandan soʻng betaraflik haqidagi qonun qayta koʻrib chiqildi va bu Angliya hamda Fransiyaga AQShdan qurol-yarogʻ sotib olish imkonini berdi.

AQSh milliy daromadining 66,3% sanoatda hosil qilinadi. Sanoat ishlab chiqarishning yarmiga yaqini sanoat korporatsiyalari qoʻlida. Ular orasida: „Ekson“, „Mobil“, „Teksako“, „Shevron“, „Standard oyl of Kaliforniya“, „Standard oyl of Indiana“, „Galf oyl“ neft, „Jeneral motore“, „Ford motor“, „Kraysler“ avtomobil, „IBM“, „Jeneral elektrik“, „ITT“ elektr mashinasozligi, „YU. S. Stil“ poʻlat quyish, „Dyupon de Nemur“ kimyo va boshqa korporatsiyalar bor. Harbiy sanoat korporatsiyalari orasida „Jeneral daynemiks“, „Lokxid“, „Makdonnel Duglas“, „Grumman“, „Xyuz eyrkraft“ yetakchi oʻrinni egallaydi. Avia-raketa-kosmik, energomashinasozlik, elektron, shuningdek neft kimyosi, atom va energetika sanoati gʻoyat tez suratlar bilan taraqqiy etmoqda. Elektr energiyaning 74% issiqlik elektr stansiyalarida, 12,1% GESlarda, 14,1% AESlarda hosil qilinadi. Neft (Meksika qoʻltigʻi sohilidagi Galf, Kaliforniya, Alyaska), tabiiy gaz va oltingugurt (Galf), kumir (Appalachi va Markaziy havzalar), temir ruda (Yuqori koʻl atrofi), fosforit (Florida), uran, rangli metallar, kaliy tuzlari va sh.k. qazib olinadi. Qora metallurgiyaning asosiy markazlari — Chikago, Pittsburg, Detroyt, Klivlend, Buffalo, Baltimor, Filadelfiya. Alyuminiy sanoati Galf atrofida hamda Kolumbiya va Tennessi daryolari havzalarida joylashgan. Sanoatning yetakchi tarmogʻi — mashinasozlik va metallsozlik. Sanoat va energetika asbob-uskunalari, qurilish va qishloq xoʻjaligi mashinalari ishlab chiqarish asosan shimoli-sharqiy shtatlarda, elektrotexnika va aloqa vositalari ishlab chiqarish shimoli-sharq va Kaliforniyada Yoʻlga qoʻyilgan. Avtomobilsozlikning bosh markazi Detroyt shahri Samolyotlar, raketa va kosmik texnika ishlab chiqaruvchi zavodlar asosan Los-Anjeles, San-Diyego, Boston, Nyu-York, Filadelfiya, Baltimor, Buffalo, Dallas, Atlanta va boshqa shaharlarda joylashgan. Kemasozlik (asosan harbiy kemasozlik) AQSh shimoli-sharqiy sohili portlarida rivojlangan. Atom sanoatining asosiy markazlari — Ok-Rij, Padyuka, Portsmut, Eyken, Xanford. Kimyo sanoati ximikatlar, plastmassalar, kimyoviy tola, sintetik kauchuk, loklar, kir yuvish vositalari, boʻyoqlar, maʼdanli oʻgʻitlar va sh.k.ni ishlab chiqaradi. Mazkur tarmoq korxonalari asosan shimoli-sharqiy shtatlarda, Meksika qoʻltigʻi sohilidagi shaharlarda joylashgan. Harbiy sanoat asosan Kaliforniya, Nyu-York, Texas, Konnektikut, Missuri, Massachusets, Virginiya shtatlarida. Yengil sanoat tarmoqlaridan eng salmoklisi toʻqimachilik (koʻproq Shimoliy Karolina, Janubiy Karolina va Jorjiya shtatlarida) va tikuvchilik (Nyu-York va janubiy shtatlar). Charm-poyabzal sanoati yaxshi rivojlangan. Oziq-ovqat sanoati oʻz xom ashyosi bilan yaxshi taʼminlangan. Uning yetakchi tarmoqlari — goʻsht, sut, un, yogʻ, qand-shakar, konserva, alkogolli, alkogolsiz ichimliklar, tamaki.

=== Qishloq xoʻjaligi ===
AQSh milliy daromadining 8% dan koʻprogʻi qishloq xoʻjaligida hosil qilinadi. Yirik fermalar yetakchi rol oʻynaydi. Umuman qishloq xoʻjaligi sermahsul va sertovar boʻlib, muayyan hududlar ayrim mahsulot turlariga ixtisoslashgan va markazlashgan. Mamlakatda 2 mln.ga yaqin fermer xoʻjaligi bor, bir fermer xoʻjaligi oʻrta hisobda 190 ga yerda dehqonchilik qiladi. Mehnatga yaroqdi aholining 2,5% qishloq xoʻjaligida band. AQShda asosan makkajoʻxori, soya, paxta, tamaki, sholi, kartoshka, kungaboqar, qand lavlagi, shakarqamish va boshqa ekiladi. Bugʻdoyzorlar („bugʻdoy mintaqasi“) Buyuk tekisliklar va Kolumbiya platosida (asosan Kanzas va Shimoliy Dakota shtatlari), makkajoʻxori („makkajoʻxori mintaqasi“) Buyuk koʻllarning janubiy va gʻarbida (Ayova, Illinoys shtatlari) ustunlik qiladi, paxtazorlar faqat Missisipi daryosi vodiysi hamda Texas, Arizona va Kaliforniya shtatlarida uchraydi. Qand lavlagi, shakarqamish Missisipi daryosi etaklarida va Gavayi orollarida, tamaki Shimoliy Karolina, Virginiya va Kentukki shtatlarida yetishtiriladi. Bogʻdorchilik va polizchilik Kaliforniya, Floridada, Atlantika okeani va Buyuk koʻllar sohillarida koʻproq. Keng choʻllar va „makkajoʻxori mintaqasi“ shtatlarida goʻshtbop chorvachilik, shimoli-sharqda va Kaliforniyada sut chorvachiligi rivojlangan. Minnesota va Viskonsin shtatlarida sutning koʻp qismi qayta ishlanib, pishloq va sariyogʻ ishlab chiqariladi. Qoʻychilik asosan qurgʻoqchil togʻli shtatlarda rivojlangan. Goʻshtbop joʻja (broyler), tovuq, kurka yetishtirishga katta ahamiyat beriladi. Tuxum koʻproq janubi-sharqiy shtatlardagi yirik parrandachilik fab-rikalarida yetishtiriladi. AQShda 102 mln. bosh qoramol, 51 mln. bosh choʻchqa, 10 mln. bosh qoʻy bor. Baliq ovlash rivojlangan. Hamma turdagi yogʻoch tayyorlanadi.

=== Transporti ===
Ichki yuk tashishda temir yoʻl, avtomobil transporti, ichki suv transporti, dengiz transporti, havo transporti, gaz va neft quvurlari muhim ahamiyatga ega. Asosiy dengiz portlari: Nyu-York, Filadelfiya, Baltimor, Yangi Orlean, Xyuston, San-Fransisko, Buyuk koʻllarda — Chikago, Dulut. Aviatsiya qatnovi asosiy uzellari — Nyu York, Chikago, Atlanta, Los Anjeles, Mayami, Dallas.

=== Tashqi savdosi ===
Dunyoning turli mamlakatlariga bevosita mablagʻ sarflash koʻpayib bormoqda. Eksportda ham, importda ham tayyor mahsulot ustun. AQShdan sanoat va energetika mashina-uskunalari, transport vositalari, kimyo tovarlari, toʻqimachilik va qogʻoz mahsulotlari, koʻmir, oziq-ovqat va yembop don, soya, paxta, tamaki va boshqa mahsulotlar chiqariladi; neft va neft mahsulotlari, ruda va metall, sanoat mashina-uskunalari, uzoq muddat foydalaniladigan roʻzgʻor anjomlari, kiyim-kechak, poyabzal, yogʻoch, qogʻoz, baliq, goʻsht, qand-shakar, kofe va boshqa keltiriladi. Savdo-sotiqdagi asosiy mijozlari — Kanada, Yaponiya, Meksika, Gʻarbiy Yevropa mamlakatlari. Pul birligi — Amerika dollari.

== Madaniyati ==
=== Maorifi va madaniy-maʼrifiy muassasalari ===
Milliy maorif tizimi mustaqillik uchun urush (1775–83)dan keyin qaror topa boshladi. 1852-yilda Massachusets shtati AQShda birinchi boʻlib majburiy boshlangʻich taʼlim toʻgʻrisida qonun qabul qildi. AQShdagi koʻpchilik shtatlarda 7-16 yoshdagi bolalar uchun oʻqish majburiyil Oʻrta maktabning turlari koʻp: 3-yillik kichik oʻrta maktab, 6-yillik birlashgan kichik va oʻrta, 4-yillik oʻrta maktab. Barcha variantdagi oʻrta maktablarda oʻqish muddati — 12-yil Oliy taʼlim tizimi universitetlarni, 4-yillik kollejlarni bundan tashqari toʻliq oliy maʼlumot bermaydigan 2-yillik kichik kollejlarni, hunar va texnika institutlarini oʻz ichiga oladi. Barcha oliy oʻquv yurtlarida taʼlim pulli. Eng yirik oliy oʻquv yurtlari: Garvard, Kaliforniya (Berkli shahrida), Viskonsin, Michigan, Illinoys, Kornell (Itaka shahrida), Kolumbiya, Prinston, Chikago, Pensilvaniya universitetlari, Kaliforniya, Stenford va Massachusets texnologiya institutlari. Yirik kutubxonalari: Kongress kutubxonasi (1800-yil tashkil etilgan), Nodir kitoblar va qoʻlyozmalar kutubxonasi, Milliy arxiv kutubxonasi, Milliy tibbiyot kutubxonasi, universitetlarning kutubxonalari, Los-Anjeles (1872-yil tashkil etilgan), Chikago (1872-yil tashkil etilgan), Boston (1852-yil tashkil etilgan), Nyu-York (1895-yil tashkil etilgan) xalq kutubxonalari va boshqa Mashhur muzeylari: AQSh Milliy muzeyi, Havoda uchish va kosmonavtika milliy muzeyi, Nafis sanʼat asarlari milliy kolleksiyasi, Milliy sanʼat galereyasi, Tarix va texnika milliy muzeyi, Milliy portret galereyasi (hammasi Vashingtonda), Hozirgi zamon sanʼat muzeyi, Metropoliten muzey, Amerika tabiatshunoslik tarixi muzeyi (Nyu-Yorkda), Boston nafis sanʼat muzeyi va boshqa
== Etimologiyasi ==
[[AQSh]]-[[AQSh-Etimologiyasi|etimologiyasi]] qadimgi ingliz-mulatlardan kelib chiqqan.[[AQSh]]- katta sivilizatsiyaning markazlaridan biri hisoblanadi.
=== Ilmiy muassasalari ===
AQShda ilmiy muassasalarga rahbarlik qiladigan yagona markaz yoʻq. Vashingtondagi AQSh Milliy Fanlar Akademiyasi (1863-yilda tashkil boʻlgan) fan va texnika masalalari boʻyicha federal hukumatning maslahatchisi hisoblanadi. 1964-yilda alohida Milliy texnika akademiyasi tuzilgan; Kaliforniya Fanlar Akademiyasi (1853), Chikago Fanlar Akademiyasi (1857) mavjud. Barcha ilmiy tadqiqotlarning anchagina qismi universitetlarda olib boriladi. 1965-yilda tashkil etilgan Milliy taʼlim akademiyasi maorif va ped. masalalari bilan shugʻullanadi. Mamlakatda birtalay ixtisoslashgan ilmiy tashkilot va jamiyatlar bor. 10 mingdan ortiq, asosan, xususiy sanoat firmalari, 700 ga yaqin federal hukumat muassasasi ilmiy tadqiqot va tadqiqot-konstruktorlik ishlarini amalga oshiradi. Kongressning ijozati bilan federal hukumat barcha ilmiy tadqiqot va konstruktorlik ishlarining yarmini pul bilan taʼminlaydi. 1950-yilda Millim ilmiy fond tashki l etildi. Bu muassasa zimmasiga ilmiy tadqiqotlarning yoʻnalishini belgilash, ularni muvofiqlashtirish va pul bilan taʼminlash, ilmiy kadrlar tayyorlash vazifasi yuklatilgan. Fan va texnika masalalari boʻyicha federal kengash prezidentning maxsus yordamchisi boshchiligida hukumat muassasalari bajaradigan tadqiqot ishlarini nazorat qiladi. Davlat muassasalari orasidagi eng yirik fondlar Mudofaa vazirligiga qarashlidir. Bu vazirlik ixtiyorida 100 dan ortiq ilmiy tadqiqot va tajriba ilmiy markazlari bor.

=== Matbuoti, radioeshittirish va telekoʻrsatuvi ===
AQShdagi yirik kundalik gazetalar: „Nyu-York tayms“ („Nyu-York vaqti“, 1851-yildan), „NyuYork deyli nyus“ („Nyu-York kundalik yangiliklari“, 1919-yildan), „Nyu-York post“ („Nyu-York pochtasi“, 1801-yildan), „Vashington post“ („Vashington pochtasi“, 1877-yildan), „Vashington tayms“ („Vashington vaqti“, 1982-yildan), „Uollstrit djornel“ („Uollstrit gazetasi“, 1889-yildan), „Chikago tribyun“ („Chikago minbari“, 1847-yildan), „Los-Anjeles tayms“ („Los-Anjeles vaqti“, 1881 ydan), jurnallar: „Taym“ („Vaqt“, 1923-yildan), „Nyusuik“ („Hafta yangiliklari“, 1933-yildan), „Yunayted steyts nyus end uorld riport“ („Qoʻshma shtatlar yangiliklari va jahonga nazar“, 1933 ydan), „Biznes uik“ („Biznes hafta mobaynida“, 1929-yildan), „Neyshn“ („Xalq“, 1865 ydan), „Demokrat“ (1961 ydan), „Layf“ („Hayot“). Yetakchi axborot agentliklari: Assoshieyted Press (AP; 1848-yilda tashkil etilgan) va YUPI (1958-yilda tashkil etilgan). Birinchi tijorat radiostansiyasi 1920-yilda tashkil etilgan. AQShda 9 mingdan koʻproq radio va IZO telestansiya mavjud. Tajriba telekoʻrsatuvi — 1928-yildan, muntazam telekoʻrsatuv 1941-yildan ishlaydi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uEOd-cDWVwQC&pg=PA116&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false |sarlavha=Shaffer, Brenda (2006). The Limits of Culture: Islam and Foreign Policy. MIT Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-262-19529-4.}}</ref>

=== Adabiyoti ===
17-asrdan rivojlana boshladi. 1775-83-yillar mustaqillik uchun urush davridagi maʼrifatparvarlar, xususan, „Uchinchi tabaka“ oliy maqsadlarining targʻibotchisi B. Franklin va atoqli publitsist, „Somom aql“ (1776) va „Inson huquqlari“ (1791–92) manifestining muallifi T. Peyn faoliyati milliy adabiyotni rivojlantirishda muhim rol oʻynadi. T. Jeffersonning „Mustaqillikdeklaratsi-yasi“ (1776)da ilgʻor maʼrifatparvarlik gʻoyalari aks etdi. Yevropa romantizm i taʼsirida 19-asrning 1-yarmida Amerika romantizmi yuzaga keldi va milliy oʻziga xoslik xususiyatlarini ifodalab berdi. Romantizmning dastlabki davri 1810- 30-yillarga toʻgʻri keladi. Uning eng salmoqli vakillaridan V. Irving, U. K. Brayant, J. F. Kuper asarlarida Amerika xalqining farovon turmush haqidagi orzu-umidlari aks etgan. 19-asrning 40-60-yillarida adabiyotda negrlarni qullikdan ozod qilish uchun boshlangan harakat bilan bogʻliq yoʻnalish yuzaga keldi. J. G. Uityer, X. U. Longfello, J. R. Louell, G. Bicher-Stou („Tom toganing kulbasi“), R. Xildret kabi shoir va yozuvchilar asarlari, U. L. Xarrison, U. Filips, A. Linkoln, mutafakkir negr F. Duglaslarning publitsistikasi quldorlikka qarshi qaratildi. Shoir U. Uitmen ijodi ham milliy adabiyotni rivojlantirishda muhim rol oʻynadi. Fuqarolar urushidan keyin AQSh adabiyotida Mark Tven („Tom Soyerning sarguzashtlari“, „Geklberri Finning sarguzashtlari“) AQSh adabiyoti tarixida oʻchmas iz krldirdi. T. Drayzer („Moliyachi“, „Amerika fojiasi“), F. Norris, J. London („Martin Idei“) 19-asr AQSh adabiyoti anʼanalarini davom ettirib, AQSh adabiyoti tarixida yangi saxifa ochdilar. J. Londonning asarlarida insonning alohida toifasi, mard, kuchli, halol, ayni vaqtda oʻz hayotiy kurashida yolgʻiz inson gavdalantirilgan. T. Drayzerning romanlarida ijtimoiy hodisalar chuqur tahlil etilgan, zamon qaxramonlarining taqdiri keng miqyosda tasvirlangan, tarixga donishmandlarcha nazar tashlangan. 20-asrning 20-yillarida „Yoʻqotilgan avlod“ deb atalgan adabiy guruh (E. Xeminguey, U. Folkner, J. Dos-Passos, F. S. Fitsjerald) tashkil topdi. Uning vakillari mavjud tartibqoidalarni tanqid qildilar, ishonchsizlikni, bosqinchilik urushlariga qarshi harakatni, yosh avlod fojiasini tasvirladilar. Ikkinchi jahon urushi arafasida T. Drayzer fashizm mohiyatini fosh etdi va unga qarshi kurashchi obrazini yaratdi. Urushdan keyin J. D. Selinjer, J. Chiver, J. Apdayk, U. Stayron, J. Outs prozasining bosh qahramoni — maʼnaviyatsiz jamiyatda oʻz qobiliyatini roʻyobga chiqara olmaydigan shaxs. Bu yozuvchilarning koʻpgina asarlari oʻrta sinf deb atalgan toifadagi odamlarga, yoshlarga bagʻishlangan. 20-asr Amerika sheʼriyatida xilma-xil gʻoyaviy-badiiy yechimlarni koʻramiz. AQShning ilmiy-sarguzasht va hajv adabiyoti (A. Azimov, A. Klark va boshqalar) oʻziga xos mavzularning boyligi bilan ajralib turadi. Badiiy-hujjatli roman janri ayniqsa rivoj topdi. Amerika adabiyotining eng yaxshi namunalari „Tom togʻaning kulbasi“ (G. BicherStou), „Tom Soyerning sarguzashtlari“, „Geklberri Fin sarguzashtlari“ (M. Tven), „Koʻmir qiroli“ (E. Sinkler) romanlari, J. London, O. Genri, T. Drayzer, O. Karlson, P. Bak, R. Konnel, E. Xeminguey hikoyalari, L. Xyuz sheʼrlari va boshqa asarlar oʻzbek tiliga tarjima qilib nashr etilgan.

=== Meʼmorligi ===
Yevropaliklar Shimoliy Amerikaga kelmaslaridan oldin indeyslarning oʻziga xos meʼmorligi boʻlgan. Irokezlar „uzun uylar“ deb atalgan turar joylar yaratgan boʻlsalar, Pueblo indeyslari „pueblo“ qishloq uylarini qurganlar. Ingliz, golland va fransuz mustamlakachilari AQShga Yevropa anʼanalarini keltirdilar. Dastlabki binolar barokko uslubida qurilgan. Ular sodda boʻlib, nAQShlar kam ishlatilgan. 18-19-asrlarda AQSh meʼmorligida klassitsizm uslubi hukm surdi. Bu uslubda davlat va jamoat binolari (Vashingtondagi Oq uy, Nyu-Yorkdagi Eski ratusha — shahar idorasi), ibodatxona va boshqa qurildi. Keyinroq quramalik va dabdabalilik kuchaydi [Vashingtondagi Kapitoliy (kongress) binosi]. Fuqarolar urushidan soʻng AQSh meʼmorligi yuksalish yuliga oʻtdi. AQShning bir qancha isteʼdodli meʼmorlari T. Richardson, J. O. Ryoblin, U. O. Reblinglar qurilish texnikasi rivojiga katta hissa qoʻshdilar (Bruklin koʻprigi). 20-asr AQSh meʼmorligi, asosan, texnika va iqtisod surʼatiga bogʻliq holda rivojlandi. 20-asrning 20-30-yillarida Amerikaning bir qancha shaharlarida (Nyu-York, LosAnjeles, Chikago va boshqalar) nihoyatda baland binolar qurildi. Amerikaning eng isteʼdodli meʼmorlari L. Salli-ven va F. L. Rayt yangi texnika imkoniyatlarini estetik tushunishga intildilar: L. Salliven koʻp odam sigʻadigan katta binolar uchun poʻlat toʻsinli konstruksiyani ishlab chiqsi, F. L. Rayt esa kichik bino loyihalari ustida ishladi, ayni vaqtda bir necha baland hamda baʼzi maʼmuriy binolar loyihasi ham 30-yillar oʻrtalarida chizildi. AQShga Yevropadan mashhur meʼmorlar: V. Gropius, M. Breyner, L. Mis van der Roe, E. Mendelson, R. Neytra, E. Sa-ariyenen va boshqa keldilar. Ular hozirgi zamon AQSh meʼmorligiga asos soldilar. Ikkinchi jahon urushi-yillari AQShda yigʻma qurilish rivojlandi. Urushdan soʻng „Poʻlat va alyuminiy“ meʼmorligi ragʻbatlantirildi, meʼmoriy shakllarning „universal uslubi“ taraqqiy etdi (L. Mis van der Roe asarlari). 50-yillarning oxirida yangi klassitsizmning yangicha nusxasi paydo boʻldi (E. D. Stoun, M. Yamasaki kabi meʼmorlar). 60-80-yillar inshootlari hajmining kattaligi, geometrik miqyoslarining salmoqliligi, meʼmoriy yunalishlarning betartibligi bilan ajralib turadi (Nyu-Yorkdagi Xalqaro savdo markazining 412&nbsp;m balandlikdagi 110 kavatli minorasi, 1971–73, meʼmorlar M. Yamasaki, E. Rot; Chikagodagi „Sire va Robak“ savdo konsernining 442&nbsp;m balandlikdagi minorasi, 1972–75, „SOM“ firmasi meʼmorlari; Minne-apolisdagi bank binosi, 1969–73, meʼmor G. Birkerts va boshqa; San-Fransiskodagi „Xayat Rijensi“ mehmonxonasi, 1973, „Jon Portmen va boshqa“ firmasi hamda Los-Anjelesdagi „Bonavantyur“, 1978, meʼmor J. Portmen).

=== Tasviriy sanʼati ===
AQShning yerli xalqi — indeyslarning AQShga boshqa mamlakatlardan kelgan xalqlar sanʼatidan farklanuvchi oʻziga xos qadimiy sanʼati bor. Indeyslar sanʼati diniy xarakterdagi yogʻoch haykallar, nAQShli sopol idishlar, guldor matolar, bizon terisiga tushirilgan nAQSh va rasmlar, zebziynatlardan iborat. AQSh yerlari yevropaliklar tomonidan mustamlakaga aylantirilgan davrdan 18-asr oʻrtalarigacha mahalliy tasviriy sanʼatda (yevropaliklar sanʼati) barokko uslubining soddalashtirilgan shakllari bilan yaratilgan taqlidiy asarlar tarqalgan. 18-asr oxiri va 19-asr boshlarida AQShda rassomlar — G. Styuart, J. Trammbal, T. Salli ijod qildilar. AQSh tasviriy sanʼati rivojida Filadelfiyada tashkil topgan Badiiy akademiyaning (1805) ahamiyati katta boʻldi. 18-asr oxiri va 19-asr boshlarida rivojlangan AQSh tasviriy sanʼati 19-asrning 20-50-yillarida tushkunlik davrini boshdan kechirib, 19-asr 2-yarmidan yana yuksaldi. Biron Uoldo, U. Maunt kabi realist rassomlar ijodida xalq turmushini jonli va haqqoniy ifodalashga intilish seziladi. 19-asrning 2-yarmida ijod qilgan va Amerika sanʼatini yuksak darajaga kutargan rassomlar orasida U. Gomer, T. Itkins, J. Uistlerlar alohida oʻrin tutadi. Rassomlik sanʼatining tarkib topishiga T. Nast, haykaltaroshlikka esa O. Sent-Godens hissa qoʻshgan. 19-asr oxiri va 20-asr boshlarida AQSh tasviriy sanʼatida impressionizm, simvolizm, modernizm (Ch. Xessem, M. Preidergast) oqimlari paydo boʻldi. 20-asr boshlarida haykaltarosh J. Bernard, rassomlardan J. Pensell, J. Sloan va J. Bellouz kabilar ijod qildilar. AQSh tasviriy sanʼatida rassom R. Kent alohida oʻrin tutadi. R. Kent shimoliy manzaralari va kitob suratkashligining mohir ustasi sifatida jahonga tanilgan. Portretchi I. Olinskiy, amerika xalqi turmushini haqqoniy tasvirlovchi aka-uka R. va M. Soyerlar, haykaltarosh M. Filde kabilar ham mashhur.

== Musiqasi ==
AQSh musiqiy madaniyati Yevropa va Afrikadan olingan musiqiy shakllar, janrlar va uslublar hamda Amerika qitʼasida qadimdan mavjud boʻlgan musiqiy anʼanalar omuxtasi tarzida tarkib topdi. Indeyslarning musiqa madaniyati bir ovozli va pasayib boruvchi ohangli qoʻshiq hamda raqslardan iborat boʻlgan. Amerikaning dastlabki yarim professional musiqachilari — U. Billings, E. Lou, J. Morgan (18-asr oxiri); ular ijodida dastlabki kelgindilarning diniy qoʻshiqlari amerikacha musiqaga xos yangi shaklga kirdi. 19-asrning 2-yarmidan boshlab AQShga Yevropa mamlakatlaridan musiqachilar, kompozitorlar kelib, Amerika musiqa madaniyati rivojiga hissa qoʻshdilar. Ular simfonik orkestrlar, musiqa oʻquv yurtlari va jamiyatlari, teatrlar tashkil etishdi. 1883-yil Nyu-Yorkda mashhur „Metropoliten opera“ teatri ochildi. Shotlandiyalik Edvard Mak Douell AQSh professional kompozitorlik maktabiga asos soldi. L. Armstrong, B. Gudmen, Dyuk Ellington kabi musiqachilar jaz sanʼatini rivojlantirdilar. Kompozitor va pianinochi Jorj Gershvinning 1935-yilda sahnalashtirilgan „Porgi va Bess“ operasi Amerikaning haqiqiy milliy operasi sifatida musiqa tarixiga kirdi. 20-asr 30-yillarida „Kompozitorlar uyushmasi“ va „Ishchi musiqachilar uyushmasi“ atrofida toʻplangan kompozitorlarning ijodiy faoliyati avj oldi. AQSh kompozitorlaridan — L. Bernstayn, S Barber, J. K. Menotti, U. Shumen, dirijyorlardan — Yu. Ormandi, L. Stokovskiy, pianinochi — V. Klaybern, skripkachilardan — I. Menuxin, Isaak Stern, mashhur negr qoʻshiqchilari — Pol Robson va Marian Anderson, qoʻshiqchi kompozitor Pit Siger, musiqashunoslar — O. Kinkeldi, P. Lang, N. Slominskiy va boshqalarlar AQSh musiqa tarixida salmoqli oʻrin tutadi. Mamlakatda bir necha mashhur orkestrlar, opera teatrlari, yirik musiqa oʻquv yurtlari, maktablari bor. Mashhur skripkachi Isaak Stern, qoʻshiqchi kompozitor Pit Siger, Beni Gudmen rahbarligidagi orkestr va boshqa turli vaqtlarda Oʻzbekistonda gastrodda boʻlgan.

=== Teatri ===
Shimoliy Amerika hududida teatr sanʼati boʻlganligi haqidagi dastlabki maʼlumot 17-asrga oid. Oʻsha paytlarda ingliz missionerlari xristianlikni targʻib qilish uchun diniy pyesalarni sahnalashtirar edilar. 18-asrda asosan Angliyadan kelgan teatr guruhlari spektakllar qoʻyishardi. 1716-yilda Uilyamsburgda (Virginiya shtati) birinchi teatr binosi qurildi. Angliyadan kelgan L. Xallem teatri shu binoda faoliyatini boshladi. U Shekspirning „Venetsiyalik savdogar“ pyesasini sahnaga qoʻydi. AQSh professional teatri shu tariqa boshlandi. Uning repertuar asosini ingliz dramaturgiyasi tashkil qilgan edi. 18-asr oxiridan boshlab Amerika dramaturglarining (koʻpincha U. Danlep) asarlari qoʻyiladigan boʻldi. 18-asr oxiri — 19-asr boshlarida yirik shaharlarda teatrlar tashkil qilindi: „Park“, „Chetem“, „Baueri“ (Nyu-York), „Chestnat Strit“ (Filadelfiya), „Tremont“ (Boston) va boshqa 19-asr ikkinchi yarmida koʻchma guruhlar hisobiga teatrlar soni ortdi. Bu teatrlarda maʼlum bir pyesani qoʻyish uchun guruh yigʻish, spektaklni foyda bermay qolguncha koʻrsatib, soʻng guruhni tarkatib yuborish va boshqa pyesa hamda guruh izlash, ularda yetakchi oʻrinni egallagan „yulduzlar“dan foydalanish odat tusiga kirgan edi. Bu hol Nyu-Yorkning Brodvey kuchasida joylashgan teatrlarda ham roʻy berdi. 30-yillarda ishchi teatrlari maydonga keldi. 1927-yilda J. Louson va M. Gold „Yangi dramaturglar teatri“ tashkil qilib, „Xoboken Blyuz“ (M. Gold) va „Internatsional“ (J. Louson) kabi asarlarni sahnalashtirdi. Shu-yillarda „Reper-tuarli fuqaro teatri“ va 158 federal teatr ochildi. Ammo iqtisodiy tanazzul natijasida ilgʻor teatrlar birin-ketin yopilib, yana Brodvey teatrlari hukmron boʻlib qoldi. Ikkinchi jahon urushidan keyin „Brodveydan tashqari“ teatrlar maydonga keldi: „Kriket“, „Grinuich-Myuz“, „Living“, „Sheridan Skver pleyxaus“ va boshqa 1957-yilda NyuYorkda „Brodveydan tashqari“ teatrlar uyushmasi tashkil etildi. 1964-yilda NyuYorkda „Linkoln sanʼat markazi doimiy teatri“ ochildi. 70-yillarda Texas, Kaliforniya, Florida, Rod-Aylend va boshqa shtatlarda mintaqa teatrlari tashkil topdi. Tennessi, Viskonsin, Oklaxoma, Minnesota shtatlarida bolalar teatrlari ishlaydi. 50- 80-yillardagi AQShning yetakchi dramaturglari — A. Miller, T. Uilyame, E. Olbi, J. Gelber, L. Xensberi, J. Boldun, D. Reyb va b; taniqli rejissorlar — J. Papp, E. Kazan, J. Bek, J. Chaykin, P. Shuman, D. Makbet, E. Sherin, D. OʻNil, J. Uord; aktyorlar — R. Stayger, L. Kobb, J. Fonda, J. Xarris, M. Stepplton, S. Puatye, D. Din, D. Jons va boshqa Turli millatlarning ishchi tashkilotlari huzurida havaskorlik toʻgaraklari mavjud. Teatr kadrlari universitetlarning maxsus fakultetlarida, xususiy drama studiyalarida tayyorlanadi.

=== Kinosi ===
AQShda kino sanʼati rivojlana boshlashi arafasida, 1893-yilda T. A. Edison „kinetoskop“ni ixtiro qildi. Mamlakatda uch-yildan keyin kino ishlab chiqarish boshlandi. 1908-yildan Hollywood (LosAnjeles yaqinida) AQSh kinematografiyasi markazi boʻlib qoldi. Isteʼdodli rejissor D. U. Griffit yaratgan „Millatning tugʻilishi“ (1915), „Chidab boʻlmaslik“ (1916), „Sindirilgan novdalar“ (1919) kabi tarixiy filmlar mustaqil sanʼat sifatida kinoga asos soldi. L. Gish, R. Bartelmes, M. Pikford, K. Marsh, T. Ins, S.de Mill va boshqa kino sanʼati namoyandalari kinematografiya tarixida oʻchmas iz qol-dirdi. 20-yillarda „Shimoldan kelgan Nanuk“ (rejissor R. Flaerti, 1922), „Janubiy dengizlarning Moanasi“ (rejissor R. Flaerti, 1926), „Ochkoʻzlik“ (rejissor E. Shtrogeym, 1924), „Ulugʻ namoyish“ (rejissor K. Vidor, 1925) kabi filmlar yaratildi. Ovozsiz kino sanʼatida Ch. Chaplin, G. Lloyd, B. Kiton, R. Arbekl, Ch. Konklin kabi kino qiziqchilari yetishib chiqdi. 20-yillarda kino ishlab chiqarish „Metro-Goldvin-Mayer“, „Kolumbiya“, „Paramaunt“, „Uorner Brazers“ degan asosiy kinokompaniyalar ixtiyorida boʻldi. „Rizqi-roʻzimiz“ (rejissor K. Vidor, 1934), „Men surgundan qochganman“ (rejissor Le Roy, 1932), „Gʻazab“ (rejissor F. Lang, 1935), „Jin koʻcha“ (1937) 30-yillarning eng yaxshi filmlaridandir. Ikkinchi jahon urushi-yillarida „Yettinchi xoch“ (rejissor F. Sinneman, 1943), „Shimol yulduzi“ (rejissor L. Maylstoun, 1943), „Moskvaga safar“ (rejissor J. Uorner, 1943) kabi filmlar paydo boʻldi. 50-yillarda Hollywood koʻp seri yal i filmlar chiqara boshladi: „Ben-Gur“, „Spartak“, „Kleopatra“ va boshqa „Nyu-York maktabi“ deb atalgan ilgʻor maktab kinematografchilari „Bauerida“ (1956), „Qayt, Afrika“ (1959), „Oʻqraygan koʻz“, „Soyalar“, „Aloqdchi“ kabi filmlarni yaratdilar. 60-yillardagi AQSh kinofilmlarining eng yaxshilari qatoriga „Bonni va Klayd“ (A. Peni, 1966), „Favqulodda hodisa“ (S. Lyumet, 1967), „Janubning diqqinafas tunida“ (M. Nikole, 1967), „Bitiruvchi“ (1968) kabilar kiradi. 70-80-yillarda koʻngilochar va sarguzasht filmlar, „dahshat“ va „falokat“ filmlari chiqarishga kirishib ketildi. AQSh kinoaktyorlari — B. Lankaster, S. Tresi, M. Brando, G. va D. Fondalar, D. Xofman. AQShda kino sanʼati oʻquv va ilmiy tadqiqot muassasalari, jumladan, Kino sanʼati akademiyasi (1927-yilda asos solingan) bor, u har-yili mamlakat va chet ellarda yaratilgan eng yaxshi filmlarga „Oscar“ mukofotini beradi.

== Hududiy boʻlinishi ==
{{Asosiy|AQShning hududiy boʻlinishi}}

AQSh maʼmuriy jihatdan 50 shtatga va 1 federal okrugga boʻlinadi.

# [[Aydaho]]
# [[Ayova]]
# [[Alabama]]
# [[Alyaska]]
# [[Arizona]]
# [[Arkanzas]]
# [[Vayoming]]
# [[Vashington]]
# [[Vermont]]
# [[Virjiniya|Virginiya]]
# [[Viskonsin]]
# [[Gavayi]]
# [[Delaver]]
# [[Jorjiya]]
# [[Gʻarbiy Virjiniya]]
# [[Illinoys]]
# [[Indiana]]
# [[Kaliforniya]]
# [[Kanzas]]
# [[Kentukki]]
# [[Kolorado]]
# [[Konnektikut]]
# [[Luiziana]]
# [[Massachusetts|Massachusets]]
# [[Minnesota]]
# [[Missisipi (shtat)|Missisipi]]
# [[Missuri]]
# [[Michigan]]
# [[Montana]]
# [[Meyn]]
# [[Merilend]]
# [[Nebraska]]
# [[Nevada]]
# [[Nyu-Xempshir]]
# [[Nyu-Jersi]]
# [[New York (shahar)|Nyu-York]]
# [[Nyu-Meksiko]]
# [[Ogayo]]
# [[Oklahoma]]
# [[Oregon]]
# [[Pennsilvaniya|Pensilvaniya]]
# [[Rod-Aylend]]
# [[Shimoliy Dakota]]
# [[Shimoliy Karolina]]
# [[Tennessi]]
# [[Texas]]
# [[Florida]]
# [[Janubiy Dakota]]
# [[Janubiy Karolina]]
# [[Yuta]]
== Sanoati ==
AQSh sanoati dunyodagi eng qudratli davlat hisoblanadi. Davlatda ko‘mir qazib olish, elektr energetika kabi va ko‘plab tarmoqlar asosan, Vashington va Nyu-Yorkda eng katta markazlari mavjud. AQSh sanoati eng qudratli bo‘lib, eng yuqori sifatli mahsulotlar ishlab chiqaradi. 2023-yil uchun Sanoat ishlab chiqarish bo‘yicha dunyoda 1-o‘rinda turadi.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

== Oʻqish uchun ==
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* {{kitob manbasi |last=Gaddis |first=John Lewis |title=The United States and the Origins of the Cold War, 1941–1947 |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesorig0000gadd |year=1972 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-12239-9 }}
* {{kitob manbasi|first=Daniel J.|last= Gelo|title=Indians of the Great Plains |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBBmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT79|date=2018|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-351-71812-7}}
* {{kitob manbasi |first=Ofelia |last=García |title=Bilingual Education in the 21st Century: A Global Perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bW6V__K95ckC&pg=PT167 |year=2011 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4443-5978-7}}
* {{kitob manbasi|last=Gold |first=Susan Dudley |title=United States V. Amistad: Slave Ship Mutiny |ref=Gold2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 144] |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 |isbn=978-0-7614-2143-6 }}
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* {{kitob manbasi |last1=Graebner |first1=Norman A. |last2=Burns |first2=Richard Dean |last3=Siracusa |first3=Joseph M. |ref=Burns2008 |title=Reagan, Bush, Gorbachev: Revisiting the End of the Cold War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r71u_AgE7iYC&pg=PA142 |year=2008 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |series=Praeger Security International Series |isbn=978-0-313-35241-6 |page=180}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first1=Michael Robert |last1=Haines |first2=Michael R. |last2= Haines |first3=Richard H. |last3=Steckel |title=A Population History of North America |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPdgiysIVcgC&pg=PA12 |date= 2000 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-49666-7 }}
* {{kitob manbasi |title=The Routledge Handbook of Poverty in the United States|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-last=Haymes|editor2-first= Maria|editor2-last=Vidal de Haymes|editor3-first= Reuben|editor3-last= Miller |publisher=Routledge |url=https://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415673440/ |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-415-67344-0|ref=Haymes et al}}
* {{kitob manbasi |first1=William A. |last1= Haviland |first2=Dana |last2= Walrath |first3=Harald E.L.|last3= Prins |title=Evolution and Prehistory: The Human Challenge |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9_qGhW338KQC&pg=PA219|date=2013|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-285-06141-2}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last1=Hoopes |first1=Townsend |last2=Brinkley |first2=Douglas |title=FDR and the Creation of the U.N |url=https://archive.org/details/fdrcreationofun00hoop |url-access=registration |year=1997 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-08553-2 }}
* {{kitob manbasi |first=Thomas N. |last=Ingersoll |title=The Loyalist Problem in Revolutionary New England |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qwdQDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA208 |year=2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-12861-3}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first=Moira |last=Inghilleri |title=Translation and Migration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h1yuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT117 |year=2016 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-315-39980-5}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Jacobs |first=Lawrence R. |title=Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know: What Everyone Needs to Know |ref=Jacobs10 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-978142-3 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/healthcarereform0000jaco }}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Johnson |first=Paul |title=A History of the American People |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RXSVQjz1_tMC |isbn=978-0-06-195213-5}}
* {{kitob manbasi|title=Encyclopedia of American studies|date=2001|publisher=Grolier Educational|editor-last=Kurian |editor-first=George T. |isbn=978-0-7172-9222-6|location=New York|oclc=46343385}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first=Paul |last= Joseph|title=The Sage Encyclopedia of War: Social Science Perspectives |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idw0DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA590|date=2016 |publisher=Sage Publications |isbn=978-1-4833-5988-5 }}
* {{kitob manbasi |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare |series=Facts on File library of American History |last1=Kessel |first1=William B. |last2=Wooster |first2=Robert |year=2005 |publisher=Infobase Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=laxSyAp89G4C |isbn=978-0-8160-3337-9 |page=398 |ref=Kessel}}
* {{kitob manbasi |first1=David S. |last1=Kidder |first2=Noah D. |last2=Oppenheim |title=The Intellectual Devotional: American History: Revive Your Mind, Complete Your Education, and Converse Confidently about Our Nation's Past |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PF39tMiwmWcC&pg=PA91 |year=2007 |publisher=Rodale |isbn=978-1-59486-744-6}}
* {{kitob manbasi|title=One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America |first1=Kevin M. |last1=Kruse |publisher=Basic Books |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-465-04949-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/onenationundergo0000krus }}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Leckie |first=Robert |title=None died in vain: The Saga of the American Civil War |ref=Leckie |publisher=Harper-Collins |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gvIeAAAAMAAJ |location=New York |year=1990 |page=682 |isbn=978-0-06-016280-1}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first=Craig|last= Lockard|title=Societies, Networks, and Transitions, Volume B: From 600 to 1750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k91sCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA315|year=2010|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-111-79083-7}}
* {{kitob manbasi |first1=Donna |last1=Martinez|first2=Jennifer L. Williams |last2=Bordeaux|title=50 Events That Shaped American Indian History: An Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic &#91;2 volumes&#93;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnB1DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|date= 2016|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-3577-3}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |first=Eric |last=Martone |title=Italian Americans: The History and Culture of a People |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MHJ1DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA504 |year=2016 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-61069-995-2}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |first=Karen Woods |last=Weierman |title=One Nation, One Blood: Interracial Marriage In American Fiction, Scandal, And Law, 1820–1870 |year=2005 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=24mIQuLBuN8C&pg=PA44 |isbn=978-1-55849-483-1 |page=214}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Levenstein |first=Harvey |title=Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutionattabl0000leve_d6o6 |ref=Levenstein |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley and Los Angeles |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-520-23439-0}}
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* {{kitob manbasi|first=David J. |last=Meltzer|title=First Peoples in a New World: Colonizing Ice Age America |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rnc-bg2voI8C&pg=PA129 |date=2009 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-94315-5}}
* {{kitob manbasi|author=The New York Times |title=The New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge: A Desk Reference for the Curious Mind |edition=2nd |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorktimesguid00 |year=2007 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-37659-8 }}
* {{kitob manbasi |first=Mary |last=Mostert |title=The Threat of Anarchy Leads to the Constitution of the United States |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jntSQ-yn66AC&pg=PA18 |year=2005 |publisher=CTR Publishing, Inc. |isbn=978-0-9753851-4-2}}
* {{kitob manbasi |first=Peter S. |last=Onuf |title=The Origins of the Federal Republic: Jurisdictional Controversies in the United States, 1775–1787 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcUgLPqmfuYC |year=2010 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-0038-6}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first1=Theda |last1= Perdue|first2=Michael D |last2=Green|title=The Columbia Guide to American Indians of the Southeast|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-RBJCyp2bFIC&pg=PA40|date= 2005|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-50602-1}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |last=Quirk |first=Joel |title=The Anti-Slavery Project: From the Slave Trade to Human Trafficking |ref=Quirk |year=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqxK4KlqKYMC |isbn=978-0-8122-4333-8 |page=344}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |last=Rausch |first=David A. |title=Native American Voices |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iyZMeGMgIgEC&q=triangle |ref=Rausch |publisher=Baker Books |location=Grand Rapids |page=180 |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-8010-7773-9}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |editor1-last=Richter |editor1-first=Daniel K. |editor2-last=Merrell |editor2-first=James H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZQnEwUaPAegC |title=Beyond the covenant chain : the Iroquois and their neighbors in Indian North America, 1600–1800 |date=2003 |publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press |isbn=978-0-271-02299-4 |location=University Park |oclc=51306167}}
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* {{kitob manbasi |last1=Walton |first1=Gary M. |last2=Rockoff |first2=Hugh |title=History of the American Economy |year=2009 |ref=Walton |publisher=Cengage Learning |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lyhI1q_E4G0C|isbn=978-0-324-78662-0 }}
* {{jurnal manbasi|last1=Waters|first1=M.R.|last2=Stafford|first2=T W.|title=Redefining the Age of Clovis: Implications for the Peopling of the Americas|journal=Science|volume=315|issue=5815|year=2007|pages=1122–1126|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.1137166|pmid=17322060|bibcode=2007Sci...315.1122W|s2cid=23205379|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/2127cb07b275c5be603cef1434db0b167b94c94f}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first1=Edith Brown |last1=Weiss|first2=Harold Karan |last2=Jacobson|title=Engaging Countries: Strengthening Compliance with International Environmental Accords |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W_JAw31U5qQC&pg=PA180|year=2000|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-0-262-73132-4}}
* {{jurnal manbasi |last1=Williams |first1=Daniel K. |year=2012 |ref=Williams |title=Questioning Conservatism's Ascendancy: A Reexamination of the Rightward Shift in Modern American Politics |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=325–331 |doi=10.1353/rah.2012.0043 |url=https://courses.ttu.edu/secunnin/40.2.williams.pdf |access-date=11-mart 2013-yil |journal=Reviews in American History |s2cid=96461510 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6FBIifRbH?url=https://courses.ttu.edu/secunnin/40.2.williams.pdf |archive-date=17-mart 2013-yil |seperator= |archivedate=2-may 2013-yil |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502060923/http://courses.ttu.edu/secunnin/40.2.williams.pdf }}
* {{kitob manbasi|first1=Wendy S. |last1=Wilson|first2=Lloyd M. |last2=Thompson |title=Native Americans: An Interdisciplinary Unit on Converging Cultures |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hs0HFU2ZR0IC&pg=PA14|year=1997|publisher=Walch Publishing|isbn=978-0-8251-3332-9}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Winchester |first=Simon |title=The men who United the States |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602|url-access=registration |year=2013 |publisher=Harper Collins |isbn=978-0-06-207960-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602/page/198 198], 216, 251, 253}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Zinn |first=Howard |title=A People's History of the United States |ref=Zinn |year=2005 |publisher=Harper Perennial Modern Classics |isbn=978-0-06-083865-2|title-link=A People's History of the United States }}
{{refend}}

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[[Turkum:AQSh| ]]
[[Turkum:Shimoliy Amerika]]
[[Turkum:BMT aʼzolari]]

2024-yil 28-iyul, 06:20 dagi koʻrinishi

Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari (AQSh; inglizcha: United States of America, USA), Qoʻshma Shtatlar (inglizcha: United States) yoki shunchaki Amerika (inglizcha: America) Shimoliy Amerikadagi mamlakatdir. Poytaxti — Vashington shahri, Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti aʼzosi. AQSh sharqdan Atlantika, gʻarbdan Tinch okeani, janubi-sharqdan Meksika qoʻltigʻi bilan oʻralgan. Maʼmuriy jihatdan 50 shtat va bir federal okrugga boʻlinadi. Alyaska va Gavayi shtatlari mamlakat asosiy hududidan tashqarida joylashgan. Puerto-Riko Hamdoʻstligi, Shimoliy Mariana orollari Hamdoʻstligi, Guam, Virginiya orollari va Amerika Samoasi ham AQShga qarashli. Maydoni — jami 9 833 520 km2. Aholisi 341 million kishi (2024) dan oshiq boʻlib, aholi soni boʻyicha jahonda uchinchi oʻrinda turadi.

Awards and nominations

Awards and nominations for Talia Ryder
Year Award Category Work Result Ref(s)
2021
 Critics' Choice Movie Awards Best Young Performer Never Rarely Sometimes Always Nominated [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
Chicago Indie Critics Best Supporting Actress Nominated [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
Greater WNY Film Critics Association Breakthrough Performer Nominated [17][18][19][20][21][22]
Independent Spirit Awards Best Supporting Female Nominated [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
International Cinephile Society Best Supporting Actress Nominated [30][31][32]
Indiana Film Journalists Association Best Supporting Actress Nominated [33][34][35][36][37][38]
Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actress Nominated [39][40][41][42][43][44][45]
Seattle Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actress Nominated [46][47][48][49][50][51][52]
Best Youth Performance Nominated
Washington Film Critics Association Best Youth Performance Nominated [53][54][55][56][57][58]

References

  1. ↑ Chan, Anna „2021 Critics Choice Awards Nominations: See the Full List“. Billboard (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2022-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  2. ↑ Davis, Clayton „Critics Choice Awards 2021 Full Winners: Chloe Zhao’s ‘Nomadland’ Continues Its Reign on Awards Season“. Variety (2021-yil 7-mart). 2023-yil 19-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  3. ↑ Davis, Clayton „Critics Choice Awards: ‘Mank’ Leads With 12 Nominations, Netflix Makes History With Four Best Picture Nominees“. Variety (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2024-yil 28-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  4. ↑ „Film nominees for the 26th annual Critics Choice Awards have been announced“. Critics' Choice Association (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2022-yil 4-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  5. ↑ Hammond, Pete „‘Mank’, ‘Minari’ Lead Critics Choice Awards Film Nominations; Netflix Tops Studios; Chadwick Boseman Receives 4“. Deadline (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2022-yil 6-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  6. ↑ Lewis, Hilary „Critics Choice Awards: ‘Nomadland’ Wins Best Picture“. The Hollywood Reporter (2021-yil 7-mart). 2023-yil 21-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  7. ↑ Ramos, Dino-Ray „Critics Choice Awards: ‘Nomadland’, ‘The Crown’ Among Top Honorees – Complete Winners List“. Deadline (2021-yil 7-mart). 2022-yil 27-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  8. ↑ Specter, Emma „All the Winners From the 2021 Critics Choice Awards“. Vogue (2021-yil 7-mart). 2023-yil 1-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  9. ↑ Thompson, Anne „‘Mank’ Leads the Critics Choice Awards Nominations; Is It This Year’s ‘Irishman’?“. IndieWire (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2023-yil 9-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  10. ↑ „2020 CIC Award Nominations Announcement: Nine Nominations for Ma Rainey's Black Bottom Lead All Films as the Chicago Indie Critics Announce Their Nominees for Their Fifth Annual Awards“. Chicago Indie Critics (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2023-yil 12-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  11. ↑ „2020 CIC Award Nominations Announcement: Nine Nominations for Ma Rainey's Black Bottom Lead All Films as the Chicago Indie Critics Announce Their Nominees for Their Fifth Annual Awards“. Chicago Indie Critics (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2024-yil 23-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  12. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Chicago Indie Critics nominations: ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’ leads with 9“. AwardsWatch (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2024-yil 5-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  13. ↑ Jamieson, Doug „Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom Dominates Chicago Indie Critics Nominations“. Filmotomy (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2022-yil 4-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  14. ↑ Mattison, Andy „Chicago Indie Critics Nominations Led By ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’“. Awards Radar (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2023-yil 5-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  15. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Chicago Indie Critics (CIC) Nominations“. Next Best Picture (2020-yil 28-dekabr). 2024-yil 6-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  16. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Chicago Indie Critics (CIC) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 2-yanvar). 2024-yil 5-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  17. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Greater Western New York Critics nominations: ‘Sound of Metal’ leads with 8“. AwardsWatch (2020-yil 21-dekabr). 2024-yil 27-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  18. ↑ „Awards: Our 2020 Winners“. Greater Western New York Film Critics Association (2020-yil 31-dekabr). 2023-yil 30-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  19. ↑ Jacobsen, Kevin „Could Talia Ryder (‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’) ambush the Best Supporting Actress Oscar field“. Gold Derby (2021-yil 20-yanvar). Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  20. ↑ Jamieson, Doug „Sound of Metal Leads Greater Western New York Film Critics Associations Nominations“. Filmotomy (2020-yil 21-dekabr). 2020-yil 21-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  21. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Greater Western New York Film Critics Association (GWNYFCA) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2020-yil 31-dekabr). 2024-yil 17-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  22. ↑ Springer, Catherine „Greater Western New York Film Critics Association Stumps for ‘Nomadland’ and ‘Sound of Metal’“. Awards Radar (2020-yil 31-dekabr). 2023-yil 29-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  23. ↑ „2021 Film Independent Spirit Awards Nominations Announced“. Independent Spirit Awards (2021-yil 26-yanvar). 2023-yil 23-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  24. ↑ D'Alessandro, Anthony „Spirit Awards Nominations: ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’, ‘Minari’, ‘Nomadland’ & ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom’ Lead Field“. Deadline (2021-yil 26-yanvar). 2023-yil 27-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  25. ↑ Ferme, Antonio „Independent Spirit Awards 2021: Full Winners List“. Variety (2021-yil 22-aprel). 2024-yil 5-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  26. ↑ Galuppo, Mia; Nordyke, Kimberly; Drury, Sharareh; Perez, Lexy „Film Independent Spirit Awards: ‘Nomadland’ Wins Best Feature, Best Director for Chloe Zhao“. The Hollywood Reporter (2021-yil 22-aprel). 2022-yil 27-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  27. ↑ Lang, Brent; Tangcay, Jazz „‘Minari,’ ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’ Top 2021 Independent Spirit Award Nominations“. Variety (2021-yil 26-yanvar). 2023-yil 20-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  28. ↑ Lewis, Hilary; Galuppo, Mia „Film Independent Spirit Awards: ‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always,’ ‘Minari,’ ‘Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom,’ ‘Nomadland’ Top Nominations“. The Hollywood Reporter (2021-yil 26-yanvar). 2024-yil 18-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  29. ↑ Murphy, Chris „Nomadland Takes Home Top Prize at the Film Independent Spirit Awards“. Vanity Fair (2021-yil 23-aprel). 2023-yil 1-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  30. ↑ Anderson, Erik „International Cinephile Society Awards: ‘Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains’ is Best Picture, Kelly Reichardt (‘First Cow’) named Best Director“. AwardsWatch (2021-yil 20-fevral). 2023-yil 28-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  31. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 International Cinephile Society (ICS) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 20-fevral). 2024-yil 5-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  32. ↑ Stevens, Beth „2021 ICS Award Winners: Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains Wins Top Prize at 18th ICS Awards“. International Cinephile Society (2021-yil 20-fevral). 2023-yil 8-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  33. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) nominations: ‘I’m Thinking of Ending Things’ leads with 11“. AwardsWatch (2020-yil 15-dekabr). 2023-yil 5-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  34. ↑ Carbone, Grace „Laundry List of Nominations Announced for Indiana Film Journalists Association Awards“. Awards Radar (2020-yil 15-dekabr). 2023-yil 6-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  35. ↑ Jacobsen, Kevin „Could Talia Ryder (‘Never Rarely Sometimes Always’) ambush the Best Supporting Actress Oscar field“. Gold Derby (2021-yil 20-yanvar). Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  36. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) Nominations“. Next Best Picture (2020-yil 15-dekabr). 2024-yil 26-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  37. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association (IFJA) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2020-yil 21-dekabr). 2023-yil 10-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  38. ↑ Rogers, Nick „Nominations Announced for the 2020 Indiana Film Journalists Association Awards“. Midwest Film Journal (2020-yil 15-dekabr). 2023-yil 22-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  39. ↑ „2020 Awards (24th Annual)“. Online Film Critics Society (2021-yil 25-yanvar). 2024-yil 29-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  40. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) award ‘Nomadland’ Best Picture, Director, Actress“. AwardsWatch (2021-yil 25-yanvar). 2023-yil 24-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  41. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) nominations: ‘Da 5 Bloods’ leads“. AwardsWatch (2021-yil 19-yanvar). 2023-yil 22-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  42. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) Nominations“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 19-yanvar). 2023-yil 4-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  43. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 25-yanvar). 2023-yil 8-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  44. ↑ „OFCS Presents: 24th Annual Awards for 2020“. Online Film Critics Society (2021-yil 25-yanvar). 2024-yil 18-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  45. ↑ Ramos, Dino-Ray „Online Films Critics Society Unveils Annual Film Awards Recipients, Names ‘Nomadland’ Best Picture“. Deadline (2021-yil 25-yanvar). 2023-yil 28-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  46. ↑ „2020 Awards“. Seattle Film Critics Society (2021-yil 15-fevral). 2024-yil 19-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  47. ↑ Anderson, Erik „‘Minari’ leads Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) nominations“. AwardsWatch (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2023-yil 3-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  48. ↑ „“Minari” Leads the 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations“. Seattle Film Critics Society (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2024-yil 8-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  49. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) Nominations“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2024-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  50. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Seattle Film Critics Society (SFCS) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 15-fevral). 2024-yil 5-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  51. ↑ Seattle Film Critics Society [@seattlecritics]. „The 2020 @SeattleCritics nominees for BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS: * Maria Bakalova - BORAT SUBSEQUENT MOVIEFILM * Olivia Colman - THE FATHER * Talia Ryder - NEVER RARELY SOMETIMES ALWAYS * Amanda Seyfried - MANK * Yuh-jung Youn - MINARI #SFCSawards2020 #SFCS“ (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2021-yil 8-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
  52. ↑ Seattle Film Critics Society [@seattlecritics]. „The 2020 @SeattleCritics Nominees for BEST YOUTH PERFORMANCE: * Millie Bobby Brown - ENOLA HOLMES * Alan Kim - MINARI * Ji-hu Park - HOUSE OF HUMMINGBIRD * Talia Ryder - NEVER RARELY SOMETIMES ALWAYS * Helena Zengel - NEWS OF THE WORLD #SFCSawards2020 #SFCS“ (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2021-yil 8-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
  53. ↑ Anderson, Erik „Washington DC Critics nominations: ‘Minari’ leads with 8“. AwardsWatch (2021-yil 6-fevral). 2023-yil 1-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  54. ↑ Jamieson, Doug „Minari Leads Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Nominations“. Filmotomy (2021-yil 6-fevral). 2024-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  55. ↑ Jamieson, Doug „Nomadland Declared Best Film by Washington DC Area Film Critics Association“. Filmotomy (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2024-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  56. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Washington DC Area Film Critics Association (WAFCA) Nominations“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 6-fevral). 2023-yil 19-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  57. ↑ Neglia, Matt „The 2020 Washington DC Area Film Critics Association (WAFCA) Winners“. Next Best Picture (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2023-yil 7-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul.
  58. ↑ „The 2020 WAFCA Awards: 'Nomadland' Finds a Home with WAFCA Critics“. Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association (2021-yil 8-fevral). 2023-yil 27-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 2-iyul. 
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