Divya Srivastava
Lecturer/Assistant Professor
London, England, United Kingdom
1K followers
500+ connections
About
I am a health economist. The focus of my work is in digital health technologies, health financing and comparative health policy.
I began my public policy career working for the Canadian government as an economist at Finance Canada (Treasury) and Health Canada (Department of Health). I gained experience working in international health policy both in academic and non-academic settings.
I have also worked for international organisations: the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (WHO Europe) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). I have worked in national authorities (NHS England, Office of Fair Trading) and as a consultant relating to pharmaceutical policy, health financing, and digital health technologies. I have direct country experience in Canada, England, and India.
I provide timely health policy analysis, and offer solutions to strengthen health systems and support health system reform.
Activity
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Interested in mental health policy? Join us for this fantastic seminar with great speakers to celebrate #WorldMentalHealthDay.
Interested in mental health policy? Join us for this fantastic seminar with great speakers to celebrate #WorldMentalHealthDay.
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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😷 Infectious disease (ID) models have been the backbone of policy decisions during the #COVID19 pandemic. However, models often overlook variation…
😷 Infectious disease (ID) models have been the backbone of policy decisions during the #COVID19 pandemic. However, models often overlook variation…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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We are pleased to unveil our latest publication, commissioned by Wellcome Trust, focusing on understanding the barriers faced by developers…
We are pleased to unveil our latest publication, commissioned by Wellcome Trust, focusing on understanding the barriers faced by developers…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
Experience
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The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
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Lecturer / Assistant Professor
City St Georges, University of London
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Health Policy Consultant
Independent Health Policy Consultant
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Expert steering group member of the CHEERS-AI Working Group
NICE - National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
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Expert panel member for the NICE AI working group
NICE - National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
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The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
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Independent Health Policy Consultant
Indpendent Health Policy Consultant
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Research Officer
WHO Europe European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
Education
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The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Doctor of Philosophy - PhD Pharmaceutical Policy
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The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Master of Science - MSc , Brian Able-Smith Award for best MSc dissertation International Health Policy
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Publications
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A Framework for Digital Health Policy: Insights from Virtual Primary Care Systems Across Five Nations
PLOS Digital Health
Our paper offers a set of guiding principles that can facilitate the assessment of #virtual #primarycare in health system settings. We conducted a narrative review and map the findings against the #WorldHealthOrganization framework of the functional features of health systems. We develop the first iteration of this updated framework that accounts for the heterogenous nature of digital transformations and review the deployment of virtual primary care systems in five leading nations: Canada…
Our paper offers a set of guiding principles that can facilitate the assessment of #virtual #primarycare in health system settings. We conducted a narrative review and map the findings against the #WorldHealthOrganization framework of the functional features of health systems. We develop the first iteration of this updated framework that accounts for the heterogenous nature of digital transformations and review the deployment of virtual primary care systems in five leading nations: Canada, Finland, Germany and Sweden and the United Kingdom
(England). All five countries have taken different approaches with the deployment of virtual primary care.
The paper offers a conceptual framework that was derived from these findings around seven common themes: (1) stated policy objectives, (2) regulation and governance, (3) financing and reimbursement, (4) delivery and integration, (5) workforce training and support, (6) IT systems and data sharing, and (7) the extent of patient involvement in the virtual primary
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Promoting the systematic use of real-world data and real-world evidence for digital health technologies across Europe: a consensus framework
Health Economics, Policy and Law
The full potential of RWD and RWE arising from the #digitalhealth technologies is not being utilised in decision-making. We demonstrate ways in which countries can prioritise RWD and RWE and embed its systematic use in what we propose digital health technology vigilance as part of an overall digital health strategy.
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The inclusion of diagnostics in national health insurance schemes in Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines and Viet Nam
BMJ Global Health
Our paper explores how diagnostics are treated in social health insurance programs in 7 countries as part of our efforts to increase access to diagnostics in LMICs through better health systems financing, just published in BMJ Global Health.
Main takeaways:
-> heterogeneity in how diagnostics are treated in benefits packages, even within an individual country health insurance program
-> gaps in policy rationale for how and why diagnostics are included in benefits…Our paper explores how diagnostics are treated in social health insurance programs in 7 countries as part of our efforts to increase access to diagnostics in LMICs through better health systems financing, just published in BMJ Global Health.
Main takeaways:
-> heterogeneity in how diagnostics are treated in benefits packages, even within an individual country health insurance program
-> gaps in policy rationale for how and why diagnostics are included in benefits packages
What do we need?
-> diagnostics strategies within health insurance benefits packages, including integration across public-private sectors & clearer reimbursement rates
-> better data from health insurance programs on diagnostics usage & access -
Current regulatory challenges to support the spread of digital health technologies
Centre for Healthcare Innovation Research
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Levers for Addressing Medical Underuse and Overuse: Achieving High-Value Health Care
The Lancet
The preceding papers in this Series have outlined how underuse and overuse of health-care services occur within a complex system of health-care production, with a multiplicity of causes. Because poor care is ubiquitous and has considerable consequences for the health and wellbeing of billions of people around the world, remedying this problem is a morally and politically urgent task. Universal health coverage is a key step towards achieving the right care. Therefore, full consideration of…
The preceding papers in this Series have outlined how underuse and overuse of health-care services occur within a complex system of health-care production, with a multiplicity of causes. Because poor care is ubiquitous and has considerable consequences for the health and wellbeing of billions of people around the world, remedying this problem is a morally and politically urgent task. Universal health coverage is a key step towards achieving the right care. Therefore, full consideration of potential levers of change must include an upstream perspective—ie, an understanding of the system-level factors that drive overuse and underuse, as well as the various incentives at work during a clinical encounter. One example of a system-level factor is the allocation of resources (eg, hospital beds and clinicians) to meet the needs of a local population to minimise underuse or overuse. Another example is priority setting using tools such as health technology assessment to guide the optimum diffusion of safe, effective, and cost-effective health-care services. In this Series paper we investigate a range of levers for eliminating medical underuse and overuse. Some levers could operate effectively (and be politically viable) across many different health and political systems (eg, increase patient activation with decision support) whereas other levers must be tailored to local contexts (eg, basing coverage decisions on a particular cost-effectiveness ratio). Ideally, policies must move beyond the purely incremental; that is, policies that merely tinker at the policy edges after underuse or overuse arises. In this regard, efforts to increase public awareness, mobilisation, and empowerment hold promise as universal methods to reset all other contexts and thereby enhance all other efforts to promote the right care.
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Evidence for Overuse of Medical Services Around the World
The Lancet
Overuse, which is defined as the provision of medical services that are more likely to cause harm than good, is a pervasive problem. Direct measurement of overuse through documentation of delivery of inappropriate services is challenging given the difficulty of defining appropriate care for patients with individual preferences and needs; overuse can also be measured indirectly through examination of unwarranted geographical variations in prevalence of procedures and care intensity. Despite the…
Overuse, which is defined as the provision of medical services that are more likely to cause harm than good, is a pervasive problem. Direct measurement of overuse through documentation of delivery of inappropriate services is challenging given the difficulty of defining appropriate care for patients with individual preferences and needs; overuse can also be measured indirectly through examination of unwarranted geographical variations in prevalence of procedures and care intensity. Despite the challenges, the high prevalence of overuse is well documented in high-income countries across a wide range of services and is increasingly recognised in low-income countries. Overuse of unneeded services can harm patients physically and psychologically, and can harm health systems by wasting resources and deflecting investments in both public health and social spending, which is known to contribute to health. Although harms from overuse have not been well quantified and trends have not been well described, overuse is likely to be increasing worldwide.
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Better ways to pay for health care
OECD
Payers for health care are pursuing a variety of policies as part of broader efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Payment reform is but one policy tool to improve health system performance that requires supportive measures in place such as policies with well-developed stakeholder involvement, information on quality, clear criteria for tariff setting, and embedding evaluation as part of the policy process. Countries should not, however, underestimate the significant data…
Payers for health care are pursuing a variety of policies as part of broader efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Payment reform is but one policy tool to improve health system performance that requires supportive measures in place such as policies with well-developed stakeholder involvement, information on quality, clear criteria for tariff setting, and embedding evaluation as part of the policy process. Countries should not, however, underestimate the significant data challenges when looking at price setting processes. Data access and ways to overcome its fragmentation require well-developed infrastructures. Policy efforts highlight a trend towards aligning payer and provider incentives by using evidence-based clinical guidelines and outcomes to inform price setting. There are signs of increasing policy focus on outcomes to inform price setting. These efforts could bring about system-wide effects of using evidence along with a patient-centred focus to improve health care delivery and performance in the long-run.
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The determinants of access to health care and medicines in India
Applied Economics
This article explores the issue of demand for health care and medicines in India where household share of total health expenditure is one of the highest among high- and low-income countries. Previous work found that important determinants include health status, socio-demographics, income and demand for care was inelastic. Compared with previous studies, this article uses large household data sets including data on medicine expenditure to explore health-seeking behaviour. Count models find that…
This article explores the issue of demand for health care and medicines in India where household share of total health expenditure is one of the highest among high- and low-income countries. Previous work found that important determinants include health status, socio-demographics, income and demand for care was inelastic. Compared with previous studies, this article uses large household data sets including data on medicine expenditure to explore health-seeking behaviour. Count models find that determinants include health status, socio-demographic information, health insurance, household expenditure and government regulation. Elasticities range from −0.13 to 0.03 and are generally consistent with literature findings. For inpatient care, conditional on having at least one hospitalization, the expected number of hospitalizations increases with being male and household expenditure. Medicine expenditure accounts for a large share of household health expenditure. Low-income individuals could experience problems and raises important policy implications on the demand and supply side to improve access to health care and medicines for patients in India.
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Patient access to health care and medicines across low-income countries
Social Science and Medicine
This study explores the issue of demand for health care and medicines in low-income country settings. Using the World Health Survey, multivariate analysis of cross-sectional household data from 35 low-income countries found that when ill, patient demand for health care to visit a clinic or hospital is inelastic ranging from −0.19 to 0.11. The main determinants of health seeking behaviour include having insurance, having a chronic condition, high household expenditure, and marital status. Women,…
This study explores the issue of demand for health care and medicines in low-income country settings. Using the World Health Survey, multivariate analysis of cross-sectional household data from 35 low-income countries found that when ill, patient demand for health care to visit a clinic or hospital is inelastic ranging from −0.19 to 0.11. The main determinants of health seeking behaviour include having insurance, having a chronic condition, high household expenditure, and marital status. Women, the educated and those living in urban settings are more likely to seek care in a clinic. These findings suggest low-income patients will experience access problems, raising important policy implications to improve access to health care and medicines in these settings.
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Geographic Variations in Health Care: What Do We Know and What Can Be Done to Improve Health System Performance?
OECD
Variations in health care use within a country are complicated. In some cases they may reflect differences in health needs, in patient preferences or in the diffusion of a therapeutic innovation; in others they may not. There is evidence that some of the observed variations are unwarranted, signalling under- or over-provision of health services, or both. This study documents geographic variations for high-cost and high-volume procedures in select OECD countries. It finds that there are wide…
Variations in health care use within a country are complicated. In some cases they may reflect differences in health needs, in patient preferences or in the diffusion of a therapeutic innovation; in others they may not. There is evidence that some of the observed variations are unwarranted, signalling under- or over-provision of health services, or both. This study documents geographic variations for high-cost and high-volume procedures in select OECD countries. It finds that there are wide variations not only across countries, but within them as well. A mix of patient preferences and physician practice styles likely play an important part in this, but what part of the observed variations reflects over-provision, or whether there are unmet needs, remain largely unexplained. This report helps policy makers better understand the issues and challenges around geographic variations in health care provision and considers the policy options.
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Analysis of prices paid by low-income countries - how price sensitive is government demand for medicines?
BMC Public Health
Access to medicines is an important health policy issue. This paper considers demand structures in a selection of low-income countries from the perspective of public authorities as the evidence base is limited. Analysis of the demand for medicines in low-income countries is critical for effective pharmaceutical policy where regulation is less developed, health systems are cash constrained and medicines are not typically subsidised by a public health insurance system
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A systematic review of medical practice variation in OECD countries
Health Policy
Major variations in medical practice have been documented internationally. Variations raise questions about the quality, equity, and efficiency of resource allocation and use, and have important implications for health care and health policy.
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Health policy responses to the financial crisis in Europe. Policy Summary 5
World Health Organization on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
The global financial crisis that began in 2007 can be classified as a health system shock – that is, an unexpected occurrence originating outside the health system that has a large negative effect on the availability of health system resources or a large positive effect on the demand for health services
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Pharmaceutical policies in Finland: challenges and opportunities,
World Heath Organization on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
This report provides a policy review of the regulatory system of pharmaceutical policy in Finland. The aim was to assess the current policy context and prepare options that could be considered as part of the pharmaceutical review currently under way.
More activity by Divya
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If you’re interested in digital markets and behavioural economics, do take a look at the paper Ofcom has published today on Understanding Online…
If you’re interested in digital markets and behavioural economics, do take a look at the paper Ofcom has published today on Understanding Online…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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Join the ECR Zoom mixer on #DigitalHealthTechnology (DHT SIG) by International Health Economics Association. 🗓️ Sep 19, 2024, 11AM-12PM EST. We have…
Join the ECR Zoom mixer on #DigitalHealthTechnology (DHT SIG) by International Health Economics Association. 🗓️ Sep 19, 2024, 11AM-12PM EST. We have…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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A few months ago now, I co-presented the findings of my MSc Health Economics, Policy and Management dissertations at Vitalis 2024 with Johan…
A few months ago now, I co-presented the findings of my MSc Health Economics, Policy and Management dissertations at Vitalis 2024 with Johan…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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Job opportunity! 🚨If you are interested in working at the intersection of #AI and #healtheconomics come work with me and be part of the Digital…
Job opportunity! 🚨If you are interested in working at the intersection of #AI and #healtheconomics come work with me and be part of the Digital…
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📈 💰 As pressures on healthcare budgets increase, demonstrating the economic impact of digital health solutions to prospective customers has become…
📈 💰 As pressures on healthcare budgets increase, demonstrating the economic impact of digital health solutions to prospective customers has become…
Liked by Divya Srivastava
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