Tazama chanzo cha Bangladesh

{{Infobox Country
|native_name              = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"><big> গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলােদশ </big><br />''Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh''</span>
|conventional_long_name   = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Jamhuri ya Watu wa Bangladesh</span>
|common_name              = Bangla Desh
|image_flag               = Flag of Bangladesh.svg
|image_coat               = Coat of arms of Bangladesh.svg
|symbol_type              = Nembo
|national_motto           =  
|national_anthem          = ''[[Amar Shonar Bangla]]''<small><br />"Bengali yangu ya dhahabu"</small>
|image_map                = Bangladesh in its region.svg
|official_languages       = [[Kibengali (Bangla)]]
|capital                  = [[Dhaka]]
|latd=23|latm=42|latNS=N|longd=90|longm=22|longEW=E
|government_type          = [[Jamhuri]]
|leader_titles            = [[Rais]]<br />[[Waziri mkuu]]
|leader_names             = [[Abdul Hamid]]<br />[[Sheikh Hasina]]
|largest_city             = Dhaka
|area                     = 147,570
|areami²                  = 56,977 <!--Don't remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|area_rank                = ya 94
|area_magnitude           = 
|percent_water            = 6.4
|population_estimate      = 156,594,962 
|population_estimate_year = 2013
|population_estimate_rank = ya 8
|population_census        = 129,247,233
|population_census_year   = 2001
|population_density       = 1,033.5<ref name="WorldBank">[[World Bank Group|World Bank]] Development Indicators Database, 2006.</ref>
|population_densitymi²    = 2,676.8<ref name="WorldBank"/> <!--Don't remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank  = ya 12
|GDP_PPP_year             = 2005
|GDP_PPP                  = $305.9&nbsp;[[1 E9|billioni]]
|GDP_PPP_rank             = ya 31
|GDP_PPP_per_capita       = $2100
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank  = ya 141
|HDI_year                 = 2004
|HDI                      = 0.530
|HDI_rank                 = ya 137
|HDI_category             = <font style="color:#fc0">medium</font>
|sovereignty_type         = [[Historia ya Bangladesh|Uhuru]]
|sovereignty_note         = kutoka [[Pakistan]]
|established_events       = Ilitangazwa<br />Siku ya Ushindi
|established_dates        = [[26 Machi]] [[1971]]<br />[[16 Desemba]] [[1971]]
|currency                 = [[Bangladeshi taka|Taka]]
|currency_code            = BDT
|time_zone                = BDT
|utc_offset               = +6
|time_zone_DST            = ''not observed''
|utc_offset_DST           = +6
|cctld                    = [[.bd]]
|calling_code             = 880 - [[Bangladesh Calling SubCodes|SubCodes]]
|nationality              = Bangladeshi
}}
 
'''Bangladesh''' (pia: '''Bangla Desh'''; kwa [[Kibengali]]: বাংলাদেশ, bāṃlādeś) ni nchi ya [[Asia ya Kusini]]. 

Imepakana na [[Uhindi]] pande zote barani isipokuwa mpaka mfupi wa [[km]] 193 na [[Myanmar]] upande wa kusini-mashariki na [[pwani]] ya [[Ghuba ya Bengali]].

==Jiografia==
Sehemu kubwa ya nchi ni [[delta]] ya [[mito]] [[Ganga (mto)|Ganga]] na [[Brahmaputra (mto)|Brahmaputra]]. 

Uso wa nchi ni [[tambarare]] na [[mita]] chache tu juu ya [[uwiano wa bahari]]. Hivyo wananchi huteswa mara nyingi na [[mafuriko]] makali.

==Historia==
Bangladesh ni sehemu ya [[mashariki]] ya [[Bengali]] ya kihistoria ambayo ilikuwa ndani ya [[Uhindi wa Kiingereza]] hadi [[1947]].

Mwaka [[1857]] Wahindi walipinga [[utawala]] wa [[Kampuni ya Kiingereza kwa Uhindi wa Mashariki]]. Matokeo yake utawala ulishikwa na [[serikali]] yenyewe ya [[Uingereza]] kama [[koloni]] ([[1858]]).

Mwisho wa [[karne ya 19]] [[harakati]] za Wahindi kutafuta [[uhuru]] zilianza upya. Mwaka [[1885]] [[Chama cha kisiasa|chama]] cha INC ([[Indian National Congress]]) kiliundwa na [[Wahindu]] na [[Waislamu]] pamoja waliodai uhuru. 

Mwaka [[1906]] viongozi Waislamu walitoka katika INC na kuunda "[[Shirikisho la Waislamu]]". 

Mwaka [[1917]] Uingereza ulitamka ya kwamba ulitaka kuelekea polepole hali ya kujitawala kwa Wahindi. Viongozi wa wenyeji hawakuridhika na mkasi wa mabadiliko. Chini ya [[uongozi]] wa [[Mahatma Ghandi]] mwendo wa kupigania uhuru bila mabavu ulipata nguvu. Ghandi alipigania hasa [[umoja]] wa Wahindu na Waislamu lakini alipingwa na viongozi wenye [[itikadi kali]] wa pande zote mbili.

Baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]] Waingereza walikubali kujiondoa katika Uhindi. Swali kubwa lilikuwa kama nchi itabaki kama nchi moja au kama maeneo ya Waislamu yatajitenga. 

Tarehe 14/[[15 Agosti]] [[1947]] utawala wa Uingereza ulikwisha. Bara Hindi iligawanywa katika nchi mbili za [[Uhindi]] na Pakistan. [[Mgawanyo wa Uhindi]] ulikuja na [[vita]] na kumwaga kwa [[damu]] nyingi. Bengali yenyewe iligawanyika kwa sababu wakazi wengi wa mashariki walikuwa [[Waislamu]], tofauti na Wabengali wengine waliokuwa [[Wahindu]].

Tarehe [[30 Januari]] [[1948]] Ghandi mwenyewe aliuawa na Hindu mkali aliyemchukia kwa sababu alitaka [[usawa]] wa Waislamu na Wahindu. 

Wakati ule Bengali ya mashariki ilikuwa nchi moja pamoja na [[Pakistan]] ya leo, bila kujali umbali mkubwa kati ya pande hizo mbili zilizounganishwa na [[dini]]. 

Iliitwa "Pakistan ya Mashariki" mpaka mwaka [[1971]] ilipojitenga na Pakistan kwa msaada wa India katika [[Vita vya Uhuru vya Bangla Desh]].

==Watu==
Kati ya nchi kubwa, Bangladesh inaongoza kwa [[msongamano]] wa watu. [[Uzazi]] umepunguzwa sana na kampeni za [[Uzazi wa mpango|udhibiti wake]] zilizofanywa miaka ya mwisho. 

Wabengali ni [[asilimia]] 98 za wakazi, lakini kuna pia [[Kabila|makabila]] madogo 11.

Asilimia hizohizo wanaongea [[Kibengali]], ambacho ndicho [[lugha rasmi]]. [[Kiingereza]] pia kinatumika sana.

Upande wa [[dini]], Waislamu ni asilimia 86-90 (wengi wakiwa [[Wasuni]]), Wahindu ni asilimia 8-12, [[Wabuddha]] ni asilimia 0.6 na [[Wakristo]] (hasa [[Wakatoliki]], halafu [[Waprotestanti]]) asilimia 0.4.

== Tazama pia ==
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

== Marejeo ==
* {{cite book|ref=Baxter
|last=Baxter |first=C |year=1997 |title=Bangladesh, from a Nation to a State |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladeshfromna0000unse
|publisher=Westview Press |isbn=0-8133-3632-5
|oclc=47885632}}
* Iftekhar Iqbal (2010) The Bengal Delta: Ecology, State and Social Change, 1840–1943, Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, Pages: 288, ISBN 0230231837
* M. Mufakharul Islam (edited) (2004) Socio-Economic History of Bangladesh: essays in memory of Professor Shafiqur Rahman, 1st Edition, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, {{oclc|156800811}}
* M. Mufakharul Islam (2007), Bengal Agriculture 1920–1946: A Quantitative Study, Cambridge South Asian Studies, Cambridge University Press, Pages: 300, ISBN 0521049857
* Meghna Guhathakurta & Willem van Schendel (Edited) (2013) The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics (The World Readers), Duke University Press Books, Pages: 568, ISBN 0822353040
* Sirajul Islam (edited) (1997) History of Bangladesh 1704–1971(Three Volumes: Vol 1: Political History, Vol 2: Economic History Vol 3: Social and Cultural History), 2nd Edition (Revised New Edition), The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Pages: 1846, ISBN 9845123376
* Sirajul Islam (Chief Editor) (2003) Banglapedia: A National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh.(10 Vols. Set), (written by 1300 scholars & 22 editors) The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Pages: 4840, ISBN 9843205855
* Srinath Raghavan (2013) ‘1971: A Global History of the Creation of Bangladesh’, Harvard University Press, Pages: 368, ISBN 0674728645

== Viungo vya nje ==
* ([[Kibengali]]) na {{en}} [http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/ Tovuti ya serikali]
* {{CIA World Factbook link|bg|Bangladesh}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/Asia/Bangladesh}}
* {{Wikiatlas|Bangladesh}}
* [http://www.banglapedia.net/Atlas/bangladesh.htm Banglapedia Regional Map Data] {{Wayback|url=http://www.banglapedia.net/Atlas/bangladesh.htm |date=20160414233403 }}
* [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/BGD/Year/2007/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Bangladesh], 2007

{{Asia}}
{{mbegu-jio-Asia}}

[[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]]
[[Jamii:Bangladesh]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]