Tonga, resmina Karajaan Tonga (basa Tonga: Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), mangrupa hiji nagara jeung hiji kapuloan di Samudra Pasifik Kidul, ngawengku 176 pulo nu nyebar dina wewengkon saluas 700.000 km2 di Pasifik Kidul. 52 pulo didumukan.[2]

Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga
Kingdom of Tonga
Karajaan Tonga
Bandéra Tonga Lambang Tonga
Motto
Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa
God and Tonga are my Inheritance
Lagu
Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga
The Song of the King of the Tongan Islands
Lagu Raja Kapuloan Tonga
Location of Tonga
Location of Tonga
Ibu kota
(jeung kota panggedéna)
Nukuʻalofa
21°08′S 175°12′W
Basa resmi basa Tonga, Inggris
Démonim Tongan
Pamaréntah Nagara kahijian démokrasi paleménter, jeung Monarki konstitusional
 -  Raja Tupou VI
 -  Perdana Mentri Siaosi Sovaleni
Kamerdikaan
 -  ti protéktorat Britania Raya 4 Juni 1970 
Aréa
 -  Total 748 km² (ka-186)
289 mil² 
 -  Cai (%) 4,0
Populasi
 -  Perkiraan  2010 104.000 (ka-189)
 -  Sénsus 2021 100.209 
 -  Kapadetan 139 /km² (ka-761)
360 /mil²
GDP (PPP) Perkiraan 2019
 -  Total $655 million 
 -  Per kapita $6,496[1] 
GDP (nominal) Perkiraan 2019
 -  Total $493 million 
 -  Per kapita $4,888[1] 
Gini? (2015) 37.6 
HDI (2019) 0.725 (104th)
Mata uang Paʻanga (TOP)
Zona wanci (UTC+13)
 -  Usum panas (DST)  (UTC+13)
teu kaobsérvasi
TLD Internét .to
Kode telepon +676
1 Dumasar kana angka ti 2005.

Tonga ogé katelah salaku Kapuloan Soméah ku lantaran panarimaan nu soméah saur Kaptén James Cook dina natamuna nu kahiji dina 1773. Sigana anjeunna datang basa féstival ʻinasi, pamasihan taunan buah kahiji ka Tuʻi Tonga, pupuhu pangluhurna pulo, jeung narima undangan ka parayaan. Dumasar kana panulis, William Mariner, sabenerna mah para pupuhu séké geus hayang nelasan Cook dina pangumpulan, tapi teu bisa satuju dina hiji rencana.[3]

Administatifna, Tonga dibagi kana 5 divisi: 'Eua, Ha'apai, Niuas, Tongatapu, jeung Vava'u.[4][5]

Étimologi

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Dina raloba basa Polinésia, kaasup basa Tonga, kecap tonga boga harti "kidul", sakumaha kapuloan ieu mangrupa grup kapuloan nu pangkidulma di Polinésia tengah.

Tempo ogé

édit

Réferénsi

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  1. a b "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org. Diakses tanggal 8 April 2020.  Archived 8 Juni 2020 di Wayback Machine
  2. Official Tongan Government Tourism Website Archived 2011-10-07 di Wayback Machine
  3. Mariner, William and Martin, John (1817). An account of the natives of the Tonga islands in the south Pacific ocean: With an original grammar and vocabulary of their language. Compiled and arranged from the extensive communications of Mr. William Mariner, several years resident in those islands, Volume 2, pp 64–65. Retrieved 3 November 2010.
  4. Population Census 2006: Population size, Trend, Distribution and Structure Archived 2011-07-23 di Wayback Machine, Tonga Department of Statistics
  5. Divisions of Tonga Archived 2011-08-12 di Wayback Machine, Statoids.com

Bacaan salajengna

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  • Ancient Tonga and the Lost City of Mu'a: Including Samoa, Fiji and Raratonga ku David Hatcher Childress
  • The Art of Tonga ku Keith St Cartmail
  • Becoming Tongan: An Ethnography of Childhood ku Helen Morton
  • Birds of Fiji, Tonga and Samoa ku Dick Watling
  • A Guide to the Birds of Fiji and Western Polynesia: Including American Samoa, Niue, Samoa, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu and Wallis and Futuna ku Dick Watling
  • Guide to the Birds of the Kingdom of Tonga ku Dick Watling
  • Lonely Planet Guide: Samoan Islands and Tonga ku Susannah Farfor and Paul Smitz
  • Moon Travel Guide: Samoa-Tonga ku David Stanley
  • Queen Salote of Tonga: The Story of an Era, 1900–65 ku Elizabeth Wood-Ellem
  • Toki ku Brian K. Crawford
  • Tonga ku James Siers
  • The Tonga Book ku Paul. W. Dale
  • Tonga: A New Bibliography ku Martin Daly
  • Tradition Versus Democracy in the South Pacific: Fiji, Tonga and Western Samoa ku Stephanie Lawson
  • Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs Cathy A. Small

Tumbu kaluar

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Pék paluruh émbaran nu leuwih loba ngeunaan Tonga ku jalan nyungsi proyék sabaraya Wikipédia
  Définisi kamus ti Wiktionary
  Buku téks ti Wikibooks
  Cutatan ti Wikiquote
  Téks sumber ti Wikisource
  Gambar jeung média ti Commons
  Warta ti Wikinews
  Sumber pangajaran ti Wikiversity
Pamaréntah
Informasi ilahar

    Tempo ogé Tonga di Wikivoyage