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Komunat e Lituanisë

Nga Wikipedia, enciklopedia e lirë
Harta e komunave lituaneze

Lituania është e ndarë në tre shtresa të ndarjeve administrative. Divizioni i nivelit të parë përbëhet nga 10 qarqe (lituanisht: njëjës – apskritis, shumës – apskritys). Këto janë të nënndara në 60 komuna (lituanisht: shumësi - savivaldybės, njëjës - savivaldybė), të cilat nga ana e tyre ndahen më tej në mbi 500 grupe më të vogla, të njohura si pleqësi (lituanisht: shumësi - seniūnijos, njëjës - seniūnija).

Në fund të mandatit të saj si Republikë Socialiste Sovjetike, ndarjet administrative të Lituanisë përbëheshin nga 44 rajone, 12 qytete, 80 qyteza, 19 vendbanime dhe 426 rrethe rurale.[1] Reforma e këtij sistemi ishte një shqetësim i menjëhershëm për qeverinë e re.[2] Kushtetuta e Lituanisë, e ratifikuar më 1992, delegoi pushtetin e krijimit të njësive administrative të ardhshme në parlamentin lituanez (Seimas). Prandaj, Seimas miratoi dy ligje themelore: një ligj të vitit 1993 për përfaqësimin e qeverisë dhe një ligj të vitit 1994 që specifikonte njësitë territoriale-administrative dhe kufijtë e tyre.[2] Sistemi aktual i një grupi bashkish nën 10 qarqe u kodifikua në vitin 1995.[2] Në vitin 2000 u bënë disa ndryshime, duke rezultuar në 60 komuna.[3]

Këshilltarët e zakonshëm komunal zgjidhen çdo katër vjet nga listat zgjedhore me përfaqësim proporcional. Kryetari, i cili është anëtar i këshillit, zgjidhet drejtpërdrejt nga banorët me shumicë votash në balotazh.[4] Para vitit 2015 kryetarët zgjidheshin nga këshillat komunale.

Komuna më e madhe për nga popullsia në Lituani është Komuna e Qytetit të Vilnius me 593,436 banorë, shtëpia e një të pestës (20.7%) të popullsisë së vendit. Komuna më e vogël për nga popullsia është Komuna Neringa me 4,173 (0.1%) banorë.[5]

Komuna më e madhe për nga sipërfaqja tokësore është Komuna e Distriktit Varėna, e cila shtrihet në 2,216 km2 (856 mi katrorë), ndërsa më e vogla është Komuna e Qytetit Alytus me 40 km2 (15 mi katrorë).

Komunat

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Komuna Kryeqyteti Qarku Rajoni Sipërfaqja[6] Popullsia (2022)[6] Dendësia (2022)[6]
A coat of arms depicting orange tools on a white background on the top and an orange sun on a dark green background on the bottom
 Akmenė District Municipality Naujoji Akmenė Šiauliai Žemaitija 844 km2 (326 sq mi) 19,287 22.85
A coat of arms depicting orange tools on a white background on the top and an orange sun on a dark green background on the bottom
 Alytus City Municipality Alytus Alytus Dzūkija 40 km2 (15 sq mi) 51,968 1,299.20
A coat of arms depicting three flowers that have red petals, green stalks, and green leaves all sprouting from green earth
 Alytus District Municipality Alytus Alytus Dzūkija 1,403 km2 (542 sq mi) 25,373 18.08
A coat of arms depicting a brown bridge rising up out of a blue body of water into a blue sky with white clouds
 Anykščiai District Municipality Anykščiai Utena Aukštaitija 1,764 km2 (681 sq mi) 22,683 12.86
A coat of arms depicting a sea creature with sharp teeth, one protruding bottom tooth, and a blowhole spewing water
 Birštonas Municipality Birštonas Kaunas Dzūkija 122 km2 (47 sq mi) 22,683 12.86
A coat of arms depicting a white flag with a black bird on it with a yellow beak and yellow claws all on a yellow background
 Biržai District Municipality Biržai Panevėžys Aukštaitija 1,476 km2 (570 sq mi) 22,580 15.30
A coat of arms depicting three golden crowns with five spikes protruding from their tops all on a blue background
 Druskininkai Municipality Druskininkai Alytus Dzūkija 453 km2 (175 sq mi) 20,055 44.27
A coat of arms depicting three yellow, diagonal lines zig-zagging from the bottom left to the top right on a grey background
 Elektrėnai Municipality Elektrėnai Vilnius Dzūkija 509 km2 (197 sq mi) 23,876 46.91
A coat of arms depicting three white flowers lined up vertically with four yellow seeds surrounding each all on a blue background
 Ignalina District Municipality Ignalina Utena Aukštaitija 1,441 km2 (556 sq mi) 14,283 9.91
A coat of arms depicting a white bird with wings outspread, a red beak, and red feet all on a dark blue background
 Jonava District Municipality Jonava Kaunas Aukštaitija 943 km2 (364 sq mi) 41,304 43.80
A coat of arms depicting an angel in full body armour and wings outspread while standing on a green dragon with a twisted tail
 Joniškis District Municipality Joniškis Šiauliai Aukštaitija 1,151 km2 (444 sq mi) 20,708 17.99
A coat of arms depicting three grey fleurs-de-lis, two directly across from each other at the top and one on the bottom, all on a red background
 Jurbarkas District Municipality Jurbarkas Tauragė Žemaitija 1,506 km2 (581 sq mi) 24,787 16.46
A coat of arms depicting four grey horses with red eyes galloping both to the left and to the right all on a black background
 Kaišiadorys District Municipality Kaišiadorys Kaunas Aukštaitija 1,087 km2 (420 sq mi) 29,456 27.10
A coat of arms depicting a grey castle on a red background on the left and a blue eye in a yellow triangle on the right
 Kalvarija Municipality Kalvarija Marijampolė Suvalkija 440 km2 (170 sq mi) 9,927 22.56
A coat of arms depicting a white bull with an angry expression and a golden cross protruding from its head all on a red background
 Kaunas City Municipality Kaunas Kaunas Aukštaitija 157 km2 (61 sq mi) 301,687 1921.57
A coat of arms depicting a grey bull's head with a golden cross protruding from the top all on a red crest on a blue background
 Kaunas District Municipality Kaunas Kaunas Aukštaitija 1,495 km2 (577 sq mi) 97,212 65.02
A coat of arms depicting six yellow stars in a diagonal line running from the bottom left to the top right all on a black background Kazlų Rūda Municipality Kazlų Rūda Marijampolė Suvalkija 555 km2 (214 sq mi) 10,936 19.70
A coat of arms depicting a black wing attached to a black tallon holding a white horseshoe attached to three yellow spurs Kėdainiai District Municipality Kėdainiai Kaunas Aukštaitija 1,677 km2 (647 sq mi) 46,016 27.44
A coat of arms depicting a white wheel on a light blue background at the top and three white leaves on a green background at the bottom Kelmė District Municipality Kelmė Šiauliai Žemaitija 1,705 km2 (658 sq mi) 25,112 14.73
A coat of arms depicting a golden castle with three turrets surrounded with four golden stars all on a red background Klaipėda City Municipality Klaipėda Klaipėda Prūsija 99 km2 (38 sq mi) 155,501 1570.72
A coat of arms depicting a sword with a gold hilt and a silver blade penetrating a green wreath all on a red background Klaipėda District Municipality Klaipėda Klaipėda Prūsija 1,340 km2 (520 sq mi) 61,425 45.84
A coat of arms depicting a woman clothed in blue and brown wearing a golden crown and carrying a baby all on a grey background Kretinga District Municipality Kretinga Klaipėda Žemaitija 989 km2 (382 sq mi) 37,544 37.96
A coat of arms depicting a black, six-pointed star on a golden background on the bottom and grey swirls on a blue background on the top Kupiškis District Municipality Kupiškis Panevėžys Aukštaitija 1,080 km2 (420 sq mi) 16,129 14.93
A coat of arms depicting a golden moose with large antlers and a protruding red tongue hovering over three black keys Lazdijai District Municipality Lazdijai Alytus Dzūkija 1,306 km2 (504 sq mi) 17,750 13.59
A coat of arms depicting a man in full body armour riding a brown horse that is trampling a black dragon all on a yellow background Marijampolė Municipality Marijampolė Marijampolė Suvalkija 755 km2 (292 sq mi) 54,479 72.16
A coat of arms depicting a golden arrow with a zig-zag in the middle of it pulled back on a golden bow all on a blue background Mažeikiai District Municipality Mažeikiai Telšiai Žemaitija 1,219 km2 (471 sq mi) 51,668 42.39
A coat of arms depicting a golden key on a red background at the top and three blue birds on a white background at the bottom Molėtai District Municipality Molėtai Utena Aukštaitija 1,367 km2 (528 sq mi) 16,847 12.32
A coat of arms depicting a white "N" on a blue background at the bottom and a series of black and white shapes at the top Neringa Municipality Nida Klaipėda Prūsija 90 km2 (35 sq mi) 4,066 45.18
A coat of arms depicting a grey bird with a golden eye and wings outstretched holding a golden key all on a green background Pagėgiai Municipality Pagėgiai Tauragė Prūsija 536 km2 (207 sq mi) 7,200 13.43
A coat of arms depicting a yellow windmill on a red crest hovering over a black bridge all on a yellow background Pakruojis District Municipality Pakruojis Šiauliai Aukštaitija 1,315 km2 (508 sq mi) 18,303 13.92
A coat of arms depicting a circle for which the boundary is itself made up of beige circles all under a silver crown on a blue background Palanga City Municipality Palanga Klaipėda Žemaitija 79 km2 (31 sq mi) 17,484 221.32
A coat of arms depicting a red castle with black double doors, two black windows, and one central tower all standing on black ground Panevėžys City Municipality Panevėžys Panevėžys Aukštaitija 50 km2 (19 sq mi) 87,792 1755.84
A coat of arms depicting two grey sheaves of wheat on a blue background at the top and a red plowshare on a grey background at the bottom Panevėžys District Municipality Panevėžys Panevėžys Aukštaitija 2,177 km2 (841 sq mi) 35,270 16.20
A coat of arms depicting the black head of a bull with a golden vine entangled in its black horns and a golden ring protruding from its nose Pasvalys District Municipality Pasvalys Panevėžys Aukštaitija 1,289 km2 (498 sq mi) 22,492 17.45
A coat of arms depicting the Eye of Providence with a blue iris encapsulated in a golden triangle surrounded in golden rays all on a blue background Plungė District Municipality Plungė Telšiai Žemaitija 1,105 km2 (427 sq mi) 33,289 30.13
A coat of arms depicting a man in full body armour riding a brown horse that is tramplinga green dragon spewing red flames from its mouth Prienai District Municipality Prienai Kaunas Suvalkija 1,032 km2 (398 sq mi) 24,993 24.22
A coat of arms depicting a silver horse that is rearing and neighing all on a dark green background bordered by a thin silver line Radviliškis District Municipality Radviliškis Šiauliai Aukštaitija 1,634 km2 (631 sq mi) 34,508 21.12
A coat of arms depicting a golden lynx with black spots, a red tongue, white teeth, and white claws standing on its back paws on green turf Raseiniai District Municipality Raseiniai Kaunas Žemaitija 1,573 km2 (607 sq mi) 30,395 19.32
A coat of arms depicting a golden lion holding a silver-bladed sword in its mouth with a golden hilt and standing on green turf all on a blue background Rietavas Municipality Rietavas Telšiai Žemaitija 586 km2 (226 sq mi) 7,276 12.42
A coat of arms divided into four sections, the top left and bottom right of which are red, the bottom left of which is blue, and the top right of which is golden Rokiškis District Municipality Rokiškis Panevėžys Aukštaitija 1,806 km2 (697 sq mi) 28,063 15.54
A coat of arms depicting a grey castle with three towers topped by crosses with a human head on the front door all on a blue background Skuodas District Municipality Skuodas Klaipėda Žemaitija 911 km2 (352 sq mi) 15,668 17.20
A coat of arms depicting two grey sheaves of wheat on a red background on the left and six black, curved lines on a grey background on the right Šakiai District Municipality Šakiai Marijampolė Suvalkija 1,454 km2 (561 sq mi) 26,163 17.99
A coat of arms depicting a golden key overlapping a silver key on a blue background at the top and three golden nuts on a red background on the bottom Šalčininkai District Municipality Šalčininkai Vilnius Dzūkija 1,493 km2 (576 sq mi) 29,761 19.93
A coat of arms depicting a black bear with a silver collar on a red background on the left and a blue eye in a grey triangle on the right
 Šiauliai City Municipality Šiauliai Šiauliai Žemaitija 81 km2 (31 sq mi) 103,984 1283.75
A coat of arms depicting an angry, grey bear with yellow claws and a long, red tongue gripping a yellow axe in its paws all on a blue background Šiauliai District Municipality Šiauliai Šiauliai Žemaitija 1,807 km2 (698 sq mi) 40,605 22.47
A coat of arms depicting five red leaves in a straight, horizontal row on a grey background at the top and five grey leaves on a red background at the bottom Šilalė District Municipality Šilalė Tauragė Žemaitija 1,188 km2 (459 sq mi) 21,413 18.02
A coat of arms depicting a grey boat hovering over two partitions of grey water that are themselves hovering over a grey horn all on a green-and-black background Šilutė District Municipality Šilutė Klaipėda Prūsija 1,714 km2 (662 sq mi) 38,539 22.48
A coat of arms depicting a silver-bladed sword with a golden hilt standing erect between the silver antlers of a silver moose head Širvintos District Municipality Širvintos Vilnius Aukštaitija 906 km2 (350 sq mi) 14,888 16.43
A coat of arms depicting a silver fish swimming to the right on the top and another fish swimming to the left on the bottom all on a blue background Švenčionys District Municipality Švenčionys Vilnius Aukštaitija 1,691 km2 (653 sq mi) 22,362 13.22
A coat of arms depicting a rounded, silver horn hung up by a rounded, silver strap all on a solid red background bordered by a black line Tauragė District Municipality Tauragė Tauragė Žemaitija 1,179 km2 (455 sq mi) 37,600 31.89
A coat of arms depicting a bishop in brown robes with a brown mitre on his head surrounded by a golden halo looking at another man Telšiai District Municipality Telšiai Telšiai Žemaitija 1,439 km2 (556 sq mi) 22,362 27.36
A coat of arms depicting a man in full body armour holding a white spear in his right hand and a red-and-yellow shield in his left hand Trakai District Municipality Trakai Vilnius Dzūkija 1,207 km2 (466 sq mi) 33,032 27.37
A coat of arms depicting an open book with a red rose on one page and a red bull on the other all hovering over a red heart with a building in the background Ukmergė District Municipality Ukmergė Vilnius Aukštaitija 1,395 km2 (539 sq mi) 33,985 24.36
A coat of arms depicting a golden horseshoe hovering over a white, 8-point star all on a blue background bordered by a thin, black line Utena District Municipality Utena Utena Aukštaitija 1,230 km2 (470 sq mi) 37,490 30.48
A coat of arms depicting a golden scarab with wings and legs outstretched flying over six purple flowers all on a blue background Varėna District Municipality Varėna Alytus Dzūkija 2,216 km2 (856 sq mi) 20,646 9.32
A coat of arms depicting a large, red fleur-de-lis that has a horizontal symmetry axis all on a blue background bordered by a black line Vilkaviškis District Municipality Vilkaviškis Marijampolė Suvalkija 1,262 km2 (487 sq mi) 34,793 27.57
A coat of arms depicting a white man with a white cape holding a golden staff and giving a ride to a white, golden-haloed child on his shoulder Vilnius City Municipality Vilnius Vilnius Dzūkija 400 km2 (150 sq mi) 576,010 1440.03
A coat of arms depicting a man in full body armour riding a black horse and carrying a white spear with a golden blade in his right hand Vilnius District Municipality Vilnius Vilnius Dzūkija 2,129 km2 (822 sq mi) 99,856 46.90
A coat of arms depicting a grey bird with a long, twisting neck, a yellow, pointy beak, and long yellow legs all on a dark blue background Visaginas Municipality Visaginas Utena Aukštaitija 58 km2 (22 sq mi) 19,661 338.98
A coat of arms depicting a grey animal with the body of a fish and the head of a deer on a blue background at the top and a sword on the bottom Zarasai District Municipality Zarasai Utena Aukštaitija 1,331 km2 (514 sq mi) 14,665 11.02

Referime

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  1. ^ Conference on Local and Regional Authority Co-operation in the Baltic Sea Area: proceedings, Kaunas, Lithuania, 21-23, April 1999 (në anglisht). Council of Europe. janar 2000. fq. 9. ISBN 978-92-871-4538-3. Marrë më 16 shkurt 2011.
  2. ^ a b c Jolanta Vaičiūnienė (2008-11-14). "The Administrative–Territorial Reform in Lithuania: History and Today" (PDF) (në anglisht). Council of Europe. Marrë më 16 shkurt 2011.
  3. ^ Local Economic and Employment Development (Program); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (prill 2007). Baltic partnerships: integration, growth and local governance in the Baltic Sea Region (në anglisht). OECD Publishing. fq. 75. ISBN 978-92-64-02928-6. Marrë më 23 shkurt 2011.
  4. ^ "Law on elections to municipal councils" (në anglisht). The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania. Marrë më 31 korrik 2015.
  5. ^ "Resident population on 1 July". osp.stat.gov.lt. 2023-08-07.
  6. ^ a b c "Area (land) at the beginning of the year, Population density at the beginning of the year, Resident population at the beginning of the year" (në anglisht). Statistics Lithuania. Marrë më 1 gusht 2023.
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