Juniperus

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales
Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Divisio: Tracheophyta Divisio: Pinophyta Classis: Pinopsida Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Cupressaceae
Subfamilia: Cupressoideae
Genus: Juniperus
Sectiones: J. sect. Caryocedrus – J. sect. Juniperus – J. sect. Sabina

Species (sensu Adams, 2017 et Govaerts et al., 2023): J. angosturana – J. arizonica – J. ashei – J. barbadensis – J. bermudiana – J. blancoi – J. brevifolia – J. californica – J. canariensis – J. cedrus – J. chinensis – J. coahuilensis – J. comitana – J. communis – J. convallium – J. coxii – J. davurica – J. deltoides – J. deppeana – J. drupacea – J. durangensis – J. excelsa – J. flaccida – J. foetidissima – J. formosana – J. gamboana – J. gracilior – J. grandis – J. horizontalis – J. indica – J. jackii – J. jaliscana – J. komarovii – J. macrocarpa – J. maderensis – J. mairei – J. maritima – J. martinezii – J. monosperma – J. monticola – J. morrisonicola – J. mucronata – J. navicularis – J. occidentalis – J. osteosperma – J. oxycedrus – J. phoenicea – J. pinchotii – J. pingii – J. poblana – J. polycarpos – J. procera – J. procumbens – J. przewalskii – J. pseudosabina – J. recurva – J. rigida – J. sabina – J. saltillensis – J. saltuaria – J. saxicola – J. scopulorum – J. semiglobosa – J. seravschanica – J. squamata – J. standleyi – J. taxifolia – J. thurifera – J. tibetica – J. tsukusiensis – J. turbinata – J. virginiana – J. zanonii
Nothospecies: J. × ambigens – J. × fassettii – J. × herragudensis – J. × palanciana – J. × pfitzeriana

Name

Juniperus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1038 (1753), Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 461 (1754).

Lectotype species: Juniperus communis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1038. (1753) (designated by N.L. Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 1: 65. 7 Jun 1913, approved by M. L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 192. Aug 1929)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
- Sabina Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754).
- Cedrus Duhamel, Traité Arbr. Arbust. 1: xxviii, 139, t. 52 (1755), nom. rej. non Cedrus Trew, Cedr. Lib. Hist.: 6 (1757).
- Thuiaecarpus Trautv., Pl. Imag. Descr. Fl. Russ.: 11 (1844).
- Arceuthos Antoine & Kotschy, Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 249 (1854).
- Oxycedrus Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 13 (1867).
- Sabinella Nakai, Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho 165: 14. (1938)

Note: Adams and Schwarzbach are continuing their work on this genus and have made new combinations, but some do not appear on the species list. Where their novel combinations have been accepted by Govaerts et al. (2023) then they are included.

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1038. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 461. Reference page.

Additional references

Adams, R.P. 2004. Junipers of the World: The genus Juniperus. v + 275 p., Vancouver: Trafford, ISBN 1-4120-4250-X. Reference page.
Adams, R.P. 2018. Evolution of dioecious/monecious taxa in Juniperus, contrasted with Cupressus, Hesperocyparis, Callitropsis and Xanthocyparis (Cupressaceae). Phytologia 100(4): 248–255. PDF Reference page.
Farjon, A. 2005. Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. 643 p., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4. Reference page.
Adams, R.P. 2017 Juniperus of the World. Species by sections, last revision: (2014).
Adams, R.P. & Schwarzbach, A.E. 2012. Taxonomy of the multi-seeded, entire leaf taxa of Juniperus section Sabina: Sequence analysis of nrDNA and four cpDNA regions. Phytologia 94(3): 350–368. PDF. Reference page.
Adams, R.P. & Schwarzbach, A.E. 2012. Taxonomy of Juniperus section Juniperus: Sequence analysis of nrDNA and five cpDNA regions. Phytologia 94(2): 280–297. PDF. Reference page.
Adams, R.P. & Schwarzbach, A.E. 2013. Phylogeny of Juniperus using nrDNA and four cpDNA regions. Phytologia 95(2): 179–187. PDF. Reference page.
Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 1: 65. Reference page.
Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195. In: Sprague, T.A. (ed.): International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.
Mao, K.-S., Hao, G., Liu, J.Q., Adams, R.P. & Milne, R.I. 2010. Diversification and biogeography of Juniperus (Cupressaceae): variable diversification rates and multiple intercontinental dispersals. New Phytologist 188(1): 254–272. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03351.x PDF. Reference page.
Mao, K.-S., Ruhsam, M., Ma, Y., Graham, S.W., Liu, J.Q., Thomas, P., Milne, R.I. & Hollingsworth, P.M. 2019. A transcriptome-based resolution for a key taxonomic controversy in Cupressaceae. Annals of Botany 123(1): 153–167. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy152 Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Juniperus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 Jan 21. Reference page. cf. Adams, 2017
Tropicos.org 2023. Juniperus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Jan 2023.
International Plant Names Index. 2023. Juniperus. Published online. Accessed: 21 Jan 2023.
Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Juniperus. Accessed: 21 Jan 2023.
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Juniperus in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2019 Apr 4.

Vernacular names

беларуская: Ядловец
Deutsch: Wacholder
English: Juniper
eesti: Kadakas
suomi: Katajat
Nordfriisk: Wacholder
magyar: Boróka
日本語: ビャクシン属
Līvõ kēļ: Gadāgõd
lietuvių: Kadagys
latviešu: Kadiķi
македонски: Смрека
Nederlands: Jeneverbes
română: Ienupăr
русский: Можжевельник
davvisámegiella: Gaskasat, reatkkát
slovenščina: Brin
Türkçe: Ardıç