Phragmites australis

Phragmites australis

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Arundinoideae
Tribus: Molinieae
Genus: Phragmites
Species: Phragmites australis
Subspecies: P. a. subsp. americanus – P. a. subsp. australis – P. a. subsp. berlandieri – P. a. subsp. isiacus

Name

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (1841)

Synonyms

• Basionym
  • Arundo australis Cav., Ann, Hist. Nat. 1: 100. 1799.
• Heterotypic
  • Arundo phragmites var. tenella Nolte, Flora Danica: t. 2164.
  • Arundo phragmites var. subuniflora DC., Fl. Franc. ed. 3 5: 263 (1815).
  • Phalaris communis var. rubriculmis Wikstr., Stockh. Fl.: 56 (1839).
  • Phargmites communis var. tenella (Nolte) Blytt, Norsk Fl.: 125 (1847).
  • Phragmites communis var. innubus Iverus, Bot. Not. 1875: 81 (1875).
  • Phragmites communis f. coarctata Raunk., Bot. Tidsskr.: 18:276 (1893).
  • Phragmites communis f. flavescens (Gaudin) Holmb., Skand. Fl. 2: 187 (1926).
  • Phragmites communis f. stolonifera (G.Mey.) Holmb., Skand. Fl. 2: 186 (1926).
  • Phragmites communis f. subuniflora (DC.) Holmb., Skand. Fl. 2: 187 (1926).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: CosmopolitaA Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burkina, Buryatiya, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Rus, Chad, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Congo, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Maine, Malaya, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe Introduced into: Bahamas, Brazil Southeast, Cook Is., Dominican Republic, Haiti, Hawaii, Leeward Is., New Caledonia, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Is. References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Steudel, E. 1840. Nomenclator botanicus. Seu: synonymia plantarum universalis, enumerans ordine alphabetico nomina atque synonyma, tum generica tum specifica, et a Linnaeo et a recentioribus de re botanica scriptoribus plantis phanerogamis imposita. Editio secunda ex nova elaborata et aucta. Pars II: Lit. L–Z. 810 pp. Typis et sumptibus J. G. Cottae, Stuttgartiae [Stuttgart] et Tubingae [Tübingen]. BHL Reference page. : ed. 2, 2: 324 (1841)
• Cavanilles, A.J. 1799. Descripcion de algunas plantas nuevas. Anales de Historia Natural vol. 1: 306 pp. + 16 pl. BHL Reference page.  [p. 100]

Additional references

• Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: I–XXV, 1–1192. DOI: 10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1 BHL Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Phragmites australis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 August 15. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2022. Phragmites australis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 August 15. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2022. Phragmites australis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 August 2022.
• International Plant Names Index. 2022. Phragmites australis. Published online. Accessed: August 15 2022.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
• FloraWeb

Vernacular names

Afrikaans: Fluitjiesriet
aragonés: Canyapita
беларуская: Трыснёг звычайны
Deutsch: Schilf, Schilfrohr
English: Common Reed
eesti: Harilik pilliroog
suomi: Järviruoko
Nordfriisk: Raid
français: Roseau commun
magyar: Közönséges nád
日本語: ヨシ, アシ
한국어: 갈대
Nederlands: Riet
svenska: Bladvass

For more multimedia, look at Phragmites australis on Wikimedia Commons.