User:Elytrian/KiwiBirds

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Brolga Antigone rubicunda		V	V

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart
Pied stilt (Māori: poaka) Himantopus leucocephalus	B	B	B
Black stilt (Māori: kakī) Himantopus novaezelandiae	P	B
Red-necked avocet Recurvirostra novaehollandiae	V	V

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes
Black-bellied plover Pluvialis squatarola	V	V	V		V
American golden-plover Pluvialis dominucus		V
Pacific golden-plover Pluvialis fulva	P	P	P	P	P		V
Masked lapwing or spur-wing plover Vanellus miles	V	B	B	B	B	V	V	V	V
Red-breasted dotterel (Māori: tūturiwhatu, Māori: pukunui, and Māori: kūkuruatu) Charadrius obscurus		B	B	P
Lesser sand-plover Charadrius mongolus		P	P		V
Greater sand-plover Charadrius leschenaulti		P	P
Double-banded plover Charadrius bicinctus	V	B	B	B	B		B	P
Red-capped plover Charadrius ruficapillus		V	V
Common ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula		V
Semipalmated plover Charadrius semipalmatus		V
Oriental plover Charadrius veredus	V	V	V		V
Red-kneed dotterel Elsyornis cinctus		V
Shore plover (Māori: tuturuatu) Thinornis novaeseelandiae		B	B	B	B
Black-fronted dotterel Elseyornis melanops		B	B
Wrybill (Māori: ngutu parore) Anarhynchus frontalis		P	B

Painted-snipes

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Greater painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis			V
Australian painted-snipe Rostratula australis			V

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes
Upland sandpiper Bartramia longicauda		V
Bristle-thighed curlew Numenius tahitiensis	V
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus	V	P	P		V
Little curlew Numenius minutus		P	P
Far Eastern curlew Numenius madagascarensis	V	P	P	V	V			V
Bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica		P	P
Black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa		P	P		P		V
Hudsonian godwit Limosa haemastica		P	P		P			V
Ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres	V	P	P	P	P	V	P	V	V
Great knot Calidris tenuirostris		P	P
Red knot (Māori: huahou) Calidris canutus	V	P	P		P		V	V
Ruff Calidris pugnax		V
Broad-billed sandpiper Calidris falcinellus		V	V
Sharp-tailed sandpiper Calidris acuminata	V	P	P	P	P	V	V
Stilt sandpiper Calidris himantopus			V
Curlew sandpiper Calidris ferruginea		P	P		V		V
Long-toed stint Calidris subminuta			V
Red-necked stint Calidris ruficollis		P	P		V		V
Sanderling Calidris alba		P	P		V
Dunlin Calidris alpina		V
Baird's sandpiper Calidris bairdii		V
Little stint Calidris minuta			V
Least sandpiper Calidris minutilla		V
White-rumped sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis		V
Buff-breasted sandpiper Calidris subruficollis		V
Pectoral sandpiper Calidris melanotos		P	P		V
Western sandpiper Calidris mauri		V	V
Asian dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus		V	V
North Island snipe Coenocorypha barrierensis		X
South Island snipe Coenocorypha iredalei			X	X
Chatham Islands snipe Coenocorypha pusilla					B
Forbes's snipe Coenocorypha chathamica					X
Snares Island snipe Coenocorypha huegeli						B
Subantarctic snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica							B	B	B
Latham's snipe Gallinago hardwickii		V	V	V		V
Terek sandpiper Xenus cinereus		V	V
Wilson's phalarope Phalaropus tricolor		V	V
Red-necked phalarope Phalaropus lobatus		V	V
Red phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius		V	V
Common sandpiper Tringa hypoleucos		V	V	V
Grey-tailed tattler Tringa brevipes	V	P	P		V	V	V
Wandering tattler Tringa incana	V	P	P		V		V
Common greenshank Tringa nebularia		P	P		V	V		V
Lesser yellowlegs Tringa flavipes		V	V		V
Marsh sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis		P	P		P

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae

Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Oriental pratincole Glareola maldivarum	V	V	V	V

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Stercorariidae

They are in general medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
South polar skua Stercorarius maccormicki	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Brown skua Stercorarius antarcticus	P	P	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	P
Pomarine jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus		P	P		P
Parasitic jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus	V	P	P		P				V
Long-tailed jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus		P	P		P

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Black-billed gull Chroicocephalus bulleri		B	B
Silver gull Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae		B	B	B	B	B	B	B
Laughing gull Leucophaeus atricilla		V
Franklin's gull Leucophaeus pipixcan	V	V	V
Pacific gull Larus pacificus		V
Kelp gull (Māori: karoro} Larus dominicanus	V	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B
Brown noddy Anous stolidus	B	V
Black noddy Anous minutus	B	V
Grey noddy Anous albivitta	B	P	P
Blue-grey noddy Anous ceruleus	P	V	V
White tern Gygis alba	B	V	V
Sooty tern Onychoprion fuscatus	B	V
Grey-backed tern Onychoprion lunatus		V
Bridled tern Onychoprion anaethetus			V
Little tern Sternula albifrons	V	P	P		V
Australian fairy tern Sternula nereis		B	ex
Gull-billed tern Gelochelidon nilotica		P	P
Caspian tern (Māori: taranui) Hydroprogne caspia	V	P	P		V
White-winged tern Chlidonias leucopterus		P	P
Whiskered tern Chlidonias hybridus		V	V
Black-fronted tern (Māori: tarapiroe) Chlidonias albostriatus		P	B
White-fronted tern Sterna striata		B	B	B	B	B	B
Common tern Sterna hirundo		P	P
Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea		V	V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Antarctic tern Sterna vittata		V	P	B	V	B	B	B	B	B
Great crested tern Thalasseus bergii	V	V	V

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
White-tailed tropicbird Phaethon lepturus		V
Red-tailed tropicbird (Māori: amokura) Phaethon rubricauda	B	P

Red-tailed tropicbird

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes Family: Spheniscidae

The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
King penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus		V	V	V	V	V	V	V
Emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri	V	V
Adelie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae		V
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua		V			V		V	V
Chinstrap penguin Pygoscelis antarcticus		V					V	V
Yellow-eyed penguin (Māori: hoiho) Megadyptes antipodes *	V	B	B	V	V	B	B
Waitaha penguin Megadyptes waitaha *		X	X
Little penguin (Māori: kororā) Eudyptula minor	B	B	B	B	V
Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus	V	V
Fiordland penguin (Māori: tawaki, pokotiwha) Eudyptes pachyrhynchus*	V	B	B		V	V	V
Erect-crested penguin Eudyptes sclateri*	V	V	V	V	V	V	V	B	B
Macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus					V		V
Royal penguin Eudyptes schlegeli	V	V		V	V		V	V
Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome					V
Moseley's rockhopper penguin Eudyptes moseleyi	V			V
Snares penguin Eudyptes robustus*	V	V	V	V	B	V	V	V

Albatrosses (toroa)

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are a family of large seabird found across the Southern and North Pacific Oceans. The largest are among the largest flying birds in the world.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Yellow-nosed albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos	P	P	P		P
Grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	B	P	P
Buller's albatross Thalassarche bulleri	P	P	B	P	B	B	P	P	P	P
White-capped albatross Thalassarche cauta	P	P	P	P	B	P	B	P	B	P
Salvin's albatross Thalassarche salvini	P	P	P	P	P	B	P	P	P	B
Chatham albatross Thalassarche eremita*	P	P	P	P	B	P	P	P	P
Black-browed albatross Thalassarche melanophrys	P	P	P	P	P	B	P	B	B	P
Sooty albatross Phoebetria fusca					V		V	V	V
Light-mantled albatross Phoebetria palpebrata		P	P	P	P	P	B	B	B	P
Royal albatross Diomedea epomophora	V	P	B	P	B	P	B	B	P	P
Wandering albatross Diomedea exulans	P
Laysan albatross Phoebastria immutabilis'		V
Black-footed albatross Phoebastria nigripes			V

Southern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae

The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Wilson's storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus	P
Grey-backed storm-petrel Garrodia nereis		P	P	P	B	P	B	P	B	P
White-faced storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina	B	B	B	B	B	P	B	P	P	P
White-bellied storm-petrel Fregetta grallaria	B	V
New Zealand storm-petrel Fregetta maoriana*		B
Black-bellied storm-petrel Fregetta tropica	P	P	P	P	P	P	B	P	B	B

Northern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae

Northern storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Leach's storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa		V			V

Leach's storm-petrel

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium nasal septum, and a long outer functional primary flight feather.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Southern giant-petrel Macronectes giganteus	P
Northern giant-petrel Macronectes halli		P	P	P	B	P	B	B	B
Northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis						V
Southern fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides	P
Antarctic petrel Thalassoica antarctica	V
Cape petrel Daption capense		P	P	P	B	B	B	B	B	B
Snow petrel Pagodroma nivea			V
Kerguelen petrel Aphrodroma brevirostris		P	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	P
Great-winged petrel Pterodroma macroptera		P	P
Grey-faced petrel Pterodroma gouldi	P	B	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	P
Kermadec petrel Pterodroma neglecta	B	V			V
Magenta petrel Pterodroma magentae					B
Herald petrel Pterodroma heraldica	V
Providence petrel Pterodroma solandri	V	V					V
Soft-plumaged petrel Pterodroma mollis		P	P	P	B	P	P	P	B	P
White-headed petrel Pterodroma lessonii		P	P	P	P	P	B	B?	B	P
Mottled petrel Pterodroma inexpectata	P	P	B	B	P	B	P	P	P	P
Juan Fernandez petrel Pterodroma externa	V	V	V		V
White-necked petrel Pterodroma cervicalis	B	P	P	P
Black-winged petrel Pterodroma nigripennis	B	B	P		B		P	P	P	P
Chatham petrel Pterodroma axillaris					B
Cook's petrel Pterodroma cookii	P	B	P	B	P	P	P	P	P	P
Gould's petrel Pterodroma leucoptera		P	V
Collared petrel Pterodroma brevipes		V
Stejneger's petrel Pterodroma longirostris	V	V
Pycroft's petrel Pterodroma pycrofti	V	B			V
Phoenix petrel Pterodroma alba	V
Imber's petrel Pterodroma imberi					X
Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Blue petrel Halobaena caerulea	P
Fairy prion Pachyptila turtur	P	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	P
Broad-billed prion Pachyptila vittata	P	P	B	B	B	B	P	P	P	P
Salvin's prion Pachyptila salvini	P
Antarctic prion Pachyptila desolata	P	P	P	P	P	P	B	B	P	P
Slender-billed prion Pachyptila belcheri	P
Fulmar prion Pachyptila crassirostris	P	P	P	P	B	B	B	P	P	B
Bulwer's petrel Bulweria bulwerii		V
Tahiti petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata		V
Grey petrel Procellaria cinerea	P	P	P	P	P	P	P	B	B	P
White-chinned petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis	P	P	P	P	P	P	B	B	B	P
Parkinson's petrel Procellaria parkinsoni	P	B	P		P
Westland petrel Procellaria westlandica	P	P	B	P	P	P	P	P	P	P
Streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas		V
Cory's shearwater Calonectris diomedea		V
Pink-footed shearwater Ardenna creatopus		V
Flesh-footed shearwater Ardenna carneipes	P	B	P		P
Great shearwater Ardenna gravis		V	V		V
Wedge-tailed shearwater Ardenna pacifica	B	P
Buller's shearwater Ardenna bulleri	P	B	P	P	P	P
Sooty shearwater (Māori: tītī) Ardenna grisea	P	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	P
Short-tailed shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris	P
Christmas shearwater Puffinus nativitatis	V	V
Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus		V
Hutton's shearwater Puffinus huttoni		P	B	P		P
Newell's shearwater Puffinus newelli		V
Fluttering shearwater Puffinus gavia	P	B	P	P	P	P
Scarlett's shearwater Puffinus spelaus			X
Little shearwater Puffinus assimilis	B	B	P
Subantarctic shearwater Puffinus elegans		P	P	P	B	P	P	B	P	P
Common diving-petrel Pelecanoides urinatrix		B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B
South Georgia diving-petrel Pelecanoides georgicus			B	ex			ex

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Lesser frigatebird Fregata ariel		V	V		V
Great frigatebird Fregata minor		V	V

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell
Masked booby Sula dactylatra	B	V
Brown booby Sula leucogaster	P	P	P	V
Red-footed booby Sula sula	V
Cape gannet Morus capensis		V
Tākapu or Australasian gannet Morus serrator		B	B	P	P	P	P	P

Australasian gannet

Anhingas

Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae

Anhingas or darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australasian darter Anhinga novaehollandiae		V	V

Cormorants and shags

Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Little pied cormorant (Māori: kawaupaka) Microcarbo melanoleucos	B	B	B	V	V	V	V
Great cormorant (Māori: kawau) Phalacrocorax carbo	B	B	B	V	V	V
Spotted shag Phalacrocorax punctatus	B	B
Pitt Island shag Phalacrocorax featherstoni				B
Little black cormorant Phalacrocorax sulcirostris	B	B	V		V
Pied cormorant (Māori: kāruhiruhi) Phalacrocorax varius	B	B
Bounty Islands shag Phalacrocorax ranfurlyi								V	B
New Zealand king shag Phalacrocorax carunculatus		B
Stewart Island shag Phalacrocorax chalconotus		B	B
Chatham Islands shag Phalacrocorax onslowi				B
Auckland Islands shag Phalacrocorax colensoi					V	B
Campbell Islands shag Phalacrocorax campbelli							B
Macquarie shag Phalacrocorax purpurascens								V

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with distinctive pouches under their bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australian pelican Pelecanus conspicillatus		V	V

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell
Australasian bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus		P	P	P	P
Black-backed bittern Ixobrychus dubius			V
New Zealand bittern Ixobrychus novaezelandiae		X	X		X
Grey heron Ardea cinerea		V
Pacific heron Ardea pacifica	V	V	V
Great egret (Māori: kōtuku) Ardea alba	V	P	B	V	V	V
Intermediate egret Ardea intermedia		V	V
White-faced heron Egretta novaehollandiae	V	B	B	V	B	V	V	V
Little egret Egretta garzetta	V	V	V
Pacific reef-heron Egretta sacra	V	B	B	P	V		V
Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis	V	P	P	P	V	V
Rufous night-heron Nycticorax caledonicus		B	V	V		V

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Chathams
Glossy ibis Plegadis falcinellus		P	P	V
Australian ibis Threskiornis molucca		V	V
Straw-necked ibis Threskiornis spinicollis			V
Royal spoonbill Platalea regia	V	B	B	V
Yellow-billed spoonbill Platalea flavipes		V

Royal spoonbill

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and includes the osprey, hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell
Wedge-tailed eagle Aquila audax
Swamp harrier (Māori: kāhu) Circus approximans	P	B	B	B	B	P	P	P
Black kite Milvus migrans		V	V
Eyles's harrier Circus eylesi		X	X
Haast's eagle Harpagornis moorei			X	X
White-bellied sea-eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster		V

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Barn owl Tyto alba		B^[1]	V

Owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Snares
Little owl Athene noctua		I
Morepork (Māori: ruru) Ninox novaeseelandiae	B	B	B	V
Laughing owl (Māori: whēkau) Ninox albifacies	X	X	X

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Laughing kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae		I	V
Sacred kingfisher (Māori: kōtare) Todiramphus sacra	B	B	B	B	V

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis		V	V

Falcons and caracaras

Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland
Australian kestrel Falco cenchroides	V	V
Karearea or New Zealand falcon (Māori: kārearea) Falco novaeseelandiae	B	B	P	ex	P	B
Black falcon Falco subniger	V

New Zealand parrots

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Strigopidae

The New Zealand parrot superfamily, Strigopoidea,^[2] consists of at least three genera of parrots – Nestor, Strigops, the fossil Nelepsittacus,^[3]^[4] and probably the fossil Heracles.^[5] The genus Nestor consists of the kea, kaka, Norfolk Island kaka and Chatham Island kaka,^[6]^[7] while the genus Strigops contains the iconic kakapo.^[6] All extant species are endemic to New Zealand. The species of the genus Nelepsittacus were endemics of the main islands, while the two extinct species of the genus Nestor were found at the nearby oceanic islands such as Chatham Island of New Zealand, and Norfolk Island and adjacent Phillip Island.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams
Kea Nestor notabilis		B
Kaka (Māori: kākā) Nestor meridionalis	B	B	B
Chatham kaka Nestor chathamensis				X
Kakapo (Māori: kākāpō) Strigops habroptilus	B	B	B

Cockatoos

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Cacatuidae

The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Galah Eolophus roseicapillus		I
Sulphur-crested cockatoo Cacatua galerita		I	I

Old world parrots

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Auckland	Antipodes
Rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri		I	I
Antipodes parakeet Cyanoramphus unicolor							B
Kakariki or red-crowned parakeet (Māori: kākāriki) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae	B	B	B	B	B	B
Reischek's parakeet Cyanoramphus hochstetteri							B
Kakariki or yellow-crowned parakeet (Māori: kākāriki) Cyanoramphus auriceps		B	B	B
Chatham Islands parakeet Cyanoramphus forbesi					B
Orange-fronted parakeet (Māori: kākāriki karaka) Cyanoramphus malherbi			B
Crimson rosella Platycercus elegans		I	I
Eastern rosella Platycercus eximius		I	I	V
Rainbow lorikeet Trichoglossus moluccanus		I

New Zealand wrens

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acanthisittidae

The New Zealand wrens are a family (Acanthisittidae) of tiny passerines endemic to New Zealand. They were represented by six known species in four or five genera, although only two species survive in two genera today. They are understood to form a distinct lineage within the passerines, but authorities differ on their assignment to the oscines or suboscines (the two suborders that between them make up the Passeriformes).

Species	North I	South I	Stewart
Lyall's wren Traversia lyalli	X	X
Rifleman (Māori: tītipounamu) Acanthisitta chloris	B	B	ex
Bush wren (Māori: mātuhituhi) Xenicus longipes	X	X	X
South Island wren (Māori: pīwauwau) Xenicus gilviventris		B
South Island stout-legged wren Pachyplichas yaldwyni		X
North Island stout-legged wren Pachyplichas jagmi	X
Long-billed wren Dendroscansor decurvirostris		X

Honeyeaters

Order: Passeriformes Family: Meliphagidae

The honeyeaters are a large and diverse family, Meliphagidae, of small to medium-sized birds. The family includes the Australian chats, myzomelas, friarbirds, wattlebirds, miners and melidectes. They are most common in Australia and New Guinea, but also found in New Zealand, the Pacific islands as far east as Samoa and Tonga, and the islands to the north and west of New Guinea known as Wallacea.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland
Tui (Māori: tūī) Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae	B	B	B	B	B		B
New Zealand bellbird (Māori: korimako) Anthornis melanura		B	B	B		B	V
Chatham bellbird Anthornis melanocephala					X
Red wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata		V

Thornbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acanthizidae

The Acanthizidae are small- to medium-sized birds with short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Grey gerygone (Māori: riroriro) Gerygone igata		B	B	B		V
Chatham Island gerygone Gerygone albofrontata					B

Cuckooshrikes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Black-faced cuckooshrike Coracina novaehollandiae		V	V	V
White-winged triller Lalage tricolor			V

Whiteheads

Order: Passeriformes Family: Mohouidae

Mohoua is a small genus of three bird species endemic to New Zealand. The scientific name is taken from mohua – the Māori name for the Yellowhead.^[8] Their taxonomic placement has presented problems: They have typically been placed in the whistler family, Pachycephalidae, but in 2013 it was established that they are best placed in their own family, Mohouidae.^[9]

Species	North I	South I	Stewart
Whitehead (Māori: pōpokotea) Mohoua albicilla	B
Yellowhead (Māori: mohua) Mohoua ochrocephala		B	B
Pipipi (Māori: pīpipi) Mohoua novaeseelandiae		B	B

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds which are not closely related to the New World orioles

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
South Island piopio Turnagra capensis			X
North Island piopio Turnagra tanagra		X

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart
Masked woodswallow Artamus personatus		V
White-browed woodswallow Artamus superciliosus	V	V
Dusky woodswallow Artamus cyanopterus			V
Australian magpie Gymnorhina tibicen	I	I

Fantails

Order: Passeriformes Family: Rhipiduridae

The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Fantail (Māori: pīwakawaka) Rhipidura fuliginosa		B	B	B	B	ex
Willie wagtail Rhipidura leucophrys					V

Monarch flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by gleaning, hovering or flycatching.

Species	North I	South I
Black-faced monarch Monarcha melanopsis	V
Magpie-lark Grallina cyanoleuca		V
Satin flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleuca	V	V

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams
New Zealand raven Corvus antipodum	X	X	X
Chatham raven Corvus moriorum				X
Rook Corvus frugilegus	I	I	I	I

Wattlebirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Callaeidae

Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kokako is critically endangered and may be extinct.

Species	North I	South I	Stewart
North Island kōkako Callaeas wilsoni	B
South Island kōkako Callaeas cinereus		B?	ex
North Island saddleback Philesturnus rufusater	B
South Island saddleback Philesturnus carunculatus		B	B
Huia Heteralocha acutirostris	X

Stitchbird

Order: Passeriformes Family: Notiomystidae

The stitchbird or hihi (Notiomystis cincta) is a honeyeater-like bird endemic to the North Island and adjacent offshore islands of New Zealand. Its evolutionary relationships have long puzzled ornithologists, but it is now classed as the only member of its own family, the Notiomystidae.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Stitchbird (Māori: hihi) Notiomystis cincta		B

Australasian robins

Order: Passeriformes Family: Petroicidae

The bird family Petroicidae includes 49 species in 19 genera. All are endemic to Australasia: New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and numerous Pacific Islands as far east as Samoa. For want of an accurate common name, the family is often called the Australasian robins. Within the family the species are known not only as robins but as scrub-robins and flyrobins. They are, however, only distantly related to the Old World family Muscicapidae (to which other species with such names belong) and the monarch flycatchers (Monarchidae).

Species	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland
North Island robin Petroica longipes	B
South Island robin Petroica australis		B	B
Tomtit (Māori: miromiro) Petroica macrocephala	B	B	B	B	B	B
Chatham robin Petroica traversi				B

Larks

Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Eurasian skylark Alauda arvensis		I	I		I

Reed warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis			V

Grassbirds and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Chatham Islands fernbird Megalurus rufescens					X
New Zealand fernbird (Māori: kōtātā or mātātā) Megalurus punctatus		B	B	B		B

Swallows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell
Welcome swallow Hirundo neoxena	B	B	B	B	B	P	P	V
Fairy martin Petrochelidon ariel		V	V			V
Tree martin Petrochelidon nigricans		V	V		V	V

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red, or orange vents, cheeks, throats, or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Red-vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer		I

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Silvereye (Māori: tauhou) Zosterops lateralis	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B	B

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
European starling Sturnus vulgaris	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V
Common myna Acridotheres tristis		I

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Song thrush Turdus philomelos	I	I	I	I	I	I	V	V	V
Eurasian blackbird Turdus merula	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes Family: Prunellidae

The accentors are a genus of birds in the family Prunellidae, which is the only bird family endemic to the Palearctic.^[10] This small group of closely related passerines are all in the genus Prunella.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Dunnock Prunella modularis		I	I	I	I	V	B	B	B

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
House sparrow Passer domesticus		I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Australasian pipit (Māori: pīhoihoi) Anthus novaeseelandiae	V	B	B	B	B	V	B		B

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae

Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes
Common chaffinch Fringilla coelebs	V	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	V
European greenfinch Chloris chloris	V	I	I	I	I	V		V
Common redpoll Acanthis flammea	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I
Lesser redpoll Acanthis cabaret	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I	I
European goldfinch Carduelis carduelis	V	I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Species	Kermadecs	North I	South I	Stewart	Chathams	Snares	Auckland	Campbell	Antipodes	Bounty
Cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus		I	I
Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella	I	I	I	I	I	V	V	V	V

References

↑ "NZ Birds of Prey / Native / Barn Owl". Wingspan Birds of Prey Trust. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
↑ Nestoridae and Strigopidae are described in the same article, Bonaparte, C.L. (1849) Conspectus Systematis Ornithologiae. Therefore, under rules of the ICZN, the first reviser determines priority, which is Bonaparte, C.L. (1850), Conspectus Generum Avium, E.J. Brill, Leyden.
↑ Christidis L, Boles WE (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Canberra: CSIRO Publishing. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.
↑ Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul (2011). "An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 1102–16. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857. S2CID 86361015.
↑ Worthy, Trevor H.; Hand, Suzanne J.; Archer, Michael; Schofield, R. Paul; De Pietri, Vanesa L. (2019). "Evidence for a giant parrot from the early Miocene of New Zealand". Biology Letters. 15 (8): 20190467. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0467. PMC 6731479. PMID 31387471.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Forshaw, Joseph M.; Cooper, William T. (1981) [1973, 1978]. Parrots of the World (corrected second ed.). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, London. ISBN 0-7153-7698-5.
↑ Millener, P. R. (1999). "The history of the Chatham Islands' bird fauna of the last 7000 years – a chronicle of change and extinction. Proceedings of the 4th International meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (Washington, D.C., June 1996)". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 89: 85–109.
↑ "Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds"; Volume 7, edited by Peter Higgins, OUP, 2000
↑ Zachary Aidala et al. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Mohoua, endemic hosts of New Zealand’s obligate brood parasitic Long-tailed Cuckoo (Eudynamys taitensis). Journal of Ornithology, published online June, 2013; doi: 10.1007/s10336-013-0978-8
↑ Liu, B. et al. (2017) Explosive radiation and spatial expansion across the cold environments of the Old World in an avian family. Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3136

Heather, Barrie; Robertson, Hugh (1996). The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. ISBN 0-670-86911-2
Collinson, Martin (June 2006). "Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists" British Birds vol 99, pp. 306–323.

External links

New Zealand Birds online A comprehensive guide to the birds of New Zealand, maintained by Birds New Zealand, the Department of Conservation, and Te Papa.
CSV file with names from New Zealand Birds online A list of all New Zealand Birds including common and scientific names, derived from New Zealand Birds online.
New Zealand birds A–Z, Department of Conservation
What Bird? A tool for identifying birds that are likely to be encountered in and around New Zealand forests (not intended to be a complete database of the birds of New Zealand).
TerraNature New Zealand native birds list.

Template:Birds of New Zealand

[Wingspan-1] "NZ Birds of Prey / Native / Barn Owl". Wingspan Birds of Prey Trust. Retrieved 22 October 2017.

[2] Nestoridae and Strigopidae are described in the same article, Bonaparte, C.L. (1849) Conspectus Systematis Ornithologiae. Therefore, under rules of the ICZN, the first reviser determines priority, which is Bonaparte, C.L. (1850), Conspectus Generum Avium, E.J. Brill, Leyden.

[Christidis-3] Christidis L, Boles WE (2008). Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. Canberra: CSIRO Publishing. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6.

[worthy-4] Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul (2011). "An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 1102–16. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857. S2CID 86361015.

[Worthyetal2019-5] Worthy, Trevor H.; Hand, Suzanne J.; Archer, Michael; Schofield, R. Paul; De Pietri, Vanesa L. (2019). "Evidence for a giant parrot from the early Miocene of New Zealand". Biology Letters. 15 (8): 20190467. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0467. PMC 6731479. PMID 31387471.

[forshaw-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Forshaw, Joseph M.; Cooper, William T. (1981) [1973, 1978]. Parrots of the World (corrected second ed.). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, London. ISBN 0-7153-7698-5.

[Millener-Chatham-Islands-bird-fauna-7] Millener, P. R. (1999). "The history of the Chatham Islands' bird fauna of the last 7000 years – a chronicle of change and extinction. Proceedings of the 4th International meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (Washington, D.C., June 1996)". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 89: 85–109.

[HANZAB-8] "Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds"; Volume 7, edited by Peter Higgins, OUP, 2000

[9] Zachary Aidala et al. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Mohoua, endemic hosts of New Zealand’s obligate brood parasitic Long-tailed Cuckoo (Eudynamys taitensis). Journal of Ornithology, published online June, 2013; doi: 10.1007/s10336-013-0978-8

[10] Liu, B. et al. (2017) Explosive radiation and spatial expansion across the cold environments of the Old World in an avian family. Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3136

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