Ortomolekularna medicina
| Ortomolekularna medicina | |
|---|---|
| Intervencija | |
| MeSH | D009974 |
| Biološki baziranje alternative i komplementarna terapija - edit |
|---|
| NCCAM klasifikacije |
| Vidi još |
Orthomolecular medicine[1][2] je forma komplementarne i alternativne medicine koja teži ka održavanju zdravlja, i sprečavanju ili tretiranju bolesti putem optimizacije nutricionog unosa i/ili propisivanja suplemenata.[3][4] Ovaj pristup se ponekad naziva megavitaminska terapija,[1][2] jer je ova praksa evoluirala iz, i u nekim slučajevima još uvek koristi, doze vitamina i minerala koje su mnogo veće od preporučenog referentnog dijetarnog unosa. Ortomolekularni praktikanti mogu da inkorporiraju varijetet drugih tretmantskih modaliteta u svoje pristupe, među kojima su dijetarna restrikcija, megadoze nevitaminskih nutrijenata, i regularni lekovi.[1][5] Proponenti ovog pristupa veruju da nivoi pojedinih supstanci koji nisu optimalni mogu da uzrokuju zdravstvene probleme dalekosežnije od jednostavne deficijencije, i vide njihovo balansiranje kao integralni deo zdravlja.[6]
Termin „ortomolekularan“ je skovao Lajnus Poling. On znači „pravi molekuli u pravim količinama“" (orto je grčki termin za "pravi").[7] Fokus ortomolekularne medicine je na upotrebi neophodnih nutricionih molekula u odgovarajućim količinama za datu osobu. Proponenti[8] tvrde da su tretmani bazirani na individualnim biohemijama pacijenata.[9]
Kritičari opisuju neke aspekte ortomolekularne medicine kao prehrambenu modu ili nadrilekarstvo.[10][11][12] Postoje rezultati istraživanja koji sugeriraju da su pojedini nutricioni suplementi štetni,[13][14][15] pri čemu je nekoliko specifičnih vitaminskih terapija vezano za povećani rizik razvoja kancera, srčane bolesti, i smrti.[16][17][18]
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Saul AW; Hoffer A (2008). Orthomolecular Medicine For Everyone: Megavitamin Therapeutics for Families and Physicians. Laguna Beach, California: Basic Health Publications. ISBN 1-59120-226-4. OCLC 232131968. OL16944688M.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 McMichael AJ (January 1981). „Orthomolecular medicine and megavitamin therapy”. Med. J. Aust. 1 (1): 6–8. PMID 7207301.
- ↑ Hoffer A, Walker M (2000). Smart Nutrients. Avery. ISBN 0895295628.
- ↑ Skinner Patricia (2004). „Gale encyclopedia of alternative medicine: holistic medicine”. Thomson Gale. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2009-07-03. Pristupljeno 2014-04-05.
- ↑ Braverman Eric Dr. (1979). „Orthomolecular Medicine and Megavitamin Therapy: Future and Philosophy”. Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 8 (4): 265.
- ↑ Trick or Treatment: The Undeniable Facts About Alternative Medicine. W. W. Norton & Company. 2008. str. 320. ISBN 0393066616.
- ↑ Pauling L (April 1968). „Orthomolecular psychiatry. Varying the concentrations of substances normally present in the human body may control mental disease”. Science 160 (3825): 265–71. Bibcode 1968Sci...160..265P. DOI:10.1126/science.160.3825.265. PMID 5641253.
- ↑ Baumel Syd (August 2000). Dealing with depression naturally : complementary and alternative therapies for restoring emotional health (2nd izd.). Los Angeles: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0658002910. OCLC 43641423.
- ↑ Williams RJ (1998). Biochemical individuality: the basis for the genetotrophic concept (2nd izd.). New Canaan, Connecticut: Keats. ISBN 0879838930. OCLC 38239195.
- ↑ Jarvis WT (1983). „Food faddism, cultism, and quackery”. Annu Rev Nutr 3 (1): 35–52. DOI:10.1146/annurev.nu.03.070183.000343. PMID 6315036.
- ↑ Jukes TH (1990). „Nutrition science from vitamins to molecular biology”. Annual Review of Nutrition 10 (1): 1–20. DOI:10.1146/annurev.nu.10.070190.000245. PMID 2200458. A short summary is in the journal's preface[mrtav link].
- ↑ Braganza SF, Ozuah PO (2005). „Fad therapies”. Pediatrics in Review 26 (10): 371–376. DOI:10.1542/pir.26-10-371. PMID 16199591.
- ↑ „NIH state-of-the-science conference statement on multivitamin/mineral supplements and chronic disease prevention”. NIH Consens State Sci Statements 23 (2): 1–30. 2006. PMID 17332802.
- ↑ Huang HY, Caballero B, Chang S, et al. (September 2006). „The efficacy and safety of multivitamin and mineral supplement use to prevent cancer and chronic disease in adults: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference”. Ann Intern Med 145 (5): 372–85. DOI:10.1001/archinte.145.2.372. PMID 16880453.
- ↑ Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C (2008). Bjelakovic, Goran. ur. „Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD007176. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD007176. PMID 18425980.
- ↑ Satia JA, Littman A, Slatore CG, Galanko JA, White E (April 2009). „Long-term Use of β-Carotene, Retinol, Lycopene, and Lutein Supplements and Lung Cancer Risk: Results From the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Study”. Am. J. Epidemiol. 169 (7): 815–28. DOI:10.1093/aje/kwn409. PMC 2842198. PMID 19208726.
- ↑ Brody, Jane (23. 3. 2009.). „Extra Vitamin E: No Benefit, Maybe Harm”. New York Times. Pristupljeno 24. 3. 2009.
- ↑ „High dose vitamin E death warning”. BBC. November 11, 2004. Pristupljeno 24. 3. 2009.
- Baumel Syd (August 2000). Dealing with depression naturally : complementary and alternative therapies for restoring emotional health (2nd izd.). Los Angeles: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0658002910. OCLC 43641423.
- Hoffer A, Walker M (2000). Smart Nutrients. Avery. ISBN 0895295628.
- Williams Roger John, Kalita Dwight K (1979). A Physician's handbook on orthomolecular medicine (Health science izd.). New Canaan, Connecticut: Keats Publishing. ISBN 0879831995. OCLC 6006241.
- Huemer Richard P, ur. (1986). The Roots of molecular medicine : a tribute to Linus Pauling. W. H. Freeman. str. 290pp. ISBN 0716717611. OCLC 13009998. »Based on a collection of papers presented at a symposium of the Orthomolecular Medical Society in San Francisco, May 7–8, 1983, with revisions and additional papers.«
- Pauling Linus (1986). How to live longer and feel better. W. H. Freeman. str. 322pp. ISBN 0380702894. OCLC 12722295.
- Hoffer Abram, Walker Morton (1998). Putting it all together : the new othomolecular nutrition (Revised izd.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0879836334. OCLC 34515814.
- Hoffer Abram, with Pauling Linus (2004). Healing cancer : complementary vitamin & drug treatments. Toronto: Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine. ISBN 1897025114. OCLC 56682217.
- Moss Ralph W (2000). Antioxidants against cancer. Brooklyn: Equinox Press. ISBN 1881025284. OCLC 42786370.
- Pizzorno Joseph E Jr, Murray Michael T (November 2005). Textbook of natural medicine (Third izd.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. str. 2368. ISBN 0443073007. OCLC 61878655.
- Barrett Stephen (1980). The health robbers : how to protect your money and your life (Second izd.). Philadelphia: G. F. Stickley. str. 52. ISBN 0893130230. OCLC 6994138.
- Cassileth Barrie R (1998). Alternative medicine handbook: the complete reference guide to alternative and complementary therapies. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 0393045668. OCLC 36727947.
- Bender David A (2003). Nutritional biochemistry of the vitamins (Second izd.). Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. str. 230. ISBN 0521803888. OCLC 50948594.
- Gratzer Walter B (2005). Terrors of the table : the curious history of nutrition. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. str. 210. ISBN 0192806610. OCLC 60837725.
- Saul AW; Hoffer A (2008). Orthomolecular Medicine For Everyone: Megavitamin Therapeutics for Families and Physicians. Laguna Beach, California: Basic Health Publications. ISBN 1-59120-226-4. OCLC 232131968. OL16944688M.
- Trick or Treatment: The Undeniable Facts About Alternative Medicine. W. W. Norton & Company. 2008. str. 320. ISBN 0393066616.