The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic imposed a high burden of morbidity and
mortality. In COVID-19, direct lung parenchymal involvement and pulmonary microcirculation …

Context: A reduced activity of the GH/IGF-I axis in chronic heart failure (CHF) has been described
by several independent groups and is associated with poor clinical status and outcome…

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the leading cause of death worldwide, and equally
affects both sexes although women develop disease at an older age than men. A number …

Background Exercise echocardiography is used for assessment of pulmonary circulation
and right ventricular function, but limits of normal and disease-specific changes remain …

Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most frequent cause of unplanned hospital admission in
patients of >65 years of age and it is associated with significantly increased morbidity, mortality, …

The heart failure (HF) epidemic, its ominous prognosis (worse than that of many cancers), and
the huge direct and indirect costs for health systems worldwide prompt the quest for novel …

Aims The suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) are identified inhibitors of cytokine and
growth factor signalling that act via the Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducers and activators …

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is significantly related to adverse clinical outcomes in
patients at high risk of cardiovascular events. In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), data on LVH, …

Sacubitril/Valsartan (sac/val) has improved clinical prognosis in patients affected by heart
failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). HF and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) …

There is a growing body of evidence presenting the beneficial effects of exercise training in
PH. Studies included different training modalities and exercise programs, which led to …