The paper provides a semantic vector retrieval model for desktop documents based on the ontology. Comparing with traditional vector space model, the semantic model using semantic and ontology technology to solve several problems that traditional model could not overcome such as the shortcomings of weight computing based on statistical method, the expression of semantic relations between different keywords, the description of document semantic vectors and the similarity calculating, etc. Finally, the experimental results show that the retrieval ability of our new model has significant improvement both on recall and precision.