11
11
Специальное строительство
УДК 69.059.2
а б
Рис. 3. Схема опирания настила (а) и картина его повреждения (б)
а б
Рис. 4. Организация стыка панелей: а — схема стальной сварной связи между панеля-
ми несущих стен; б — разрушение керамзитобетонной стеновой панели в месте расположения
строповочной петли
а б
Рис. 5. Картина аварийного разрушения конструктивных элементов здания: а —
керамзитобетонной панели наружной стены; б — элементов железобетонного покрытия и пере-
крытий
Библиографический список
1. Типовой проект 111-94-43/75.2 Дом 9-этажный 4-секционный 144-квартирный.
Режим доступа: http://allproekt.ru/catalog/project/599606/. Дата обращения: 11.09.2014.
2. Булгаков С.Н., Тамразян А.Г., Рахман И.А., Степанов А.Ю. Снижение рисков
в строительстве при чрезвычайных ситуациях природного и техногенного характера /
под общ. ред. А.Г. Тамразяна. М. : МАКС Пресс, 2004. С. 180—209.
3. Пособие по проектированию жилых зданий. Вып. 3. Конструкции жилых зда-
ний (к СНиП 2.08.01—85). М. : ЦНИИЭПжилища. 1986. 305 с.
4. Маклакова Т.Г. Конструирование крупнопанельных зданий. М. : Стройиздат,
1975. С. 33—35.
5. Кашеварова Г.Г., Пепеляев А.А. Моделирование и ретроспективный анализ
взрыва бытового газа в кирпичном здании // Строительная механика и расчет сооруже-
ний. 2010. № 2. С. 31—36.
The co-authors consider the design solution developed for a panel residence build-
ing, type series 1-115, and provide a description of the emergency destruction of struc-
tural elements of a 9-storey panel residence building of this type (built in 1979), follow-
ing a gas explosion. The overall length of the building is 86.4 m; its width is 12 m. The
structural system in this building represents a longitudinal wall. Its external longitudinal
walls are wade of ceramsite concrete, while its interior walls are made of concrete. Its
reinforced concrete hollow slabs rest on the longitudinal load-bearing walls. The trans-
verse walls of staircases are made of concrete blocks. The strip foundation supports
the load-bearing walls of the building. The epicenter of the explosion was located in the
kitchen on the eighth floor of the building. The kitchen was immediately adjacent to the
staircase of the building. Partial destruction of the building followed the gas explosion.
Exterior walls of its eighth and ninth floors and the attic were destroyed. Panel build-
ings designed in pursuance of the longitudinal structural system are more vulnerable
to explosive loads compared to buildings designed to the cross-wall structural system,
where bearing slabs rest on three interior walls. Thus, all slabs rest on each of the three
internal walls of the building on both sides. In the buildings designed to the longitudinal
wall structural system, slabs rest on the two walls, one of which is external. The article
is based on the report following the inspection of the technical condition of the building,
undertaken subsequent to its emergency destruction.
Key words: structural solution, emergency destruction, emergency impact, inspec-
tion of the technical condition of the building.
References
1. Tipovoy proekt 111-94-43/75.2 Dom 9-etazhnyy 4-sektsionnyy 144-kvartirnyy [The
Standard Project 111-94-43/75.2 9-storey 4-section 144-apartment Residential Building].
Moscow, MNIITEP Publ., 1969. Available at: http://allproekt.ru/catalog/project/599606. Date
of access: 11.09.2014. (In Russian).
2. Bulgakov S.N., Tamrazyan A.G., Rakhman I.A., Stepanov A.Yu. Snizhenie riskov v
stroitel’stve pri chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo kharaktera [Reduc-
tion of Risks in the Construction in Emergency Situations of Natural and Technogenic Charac-
ter]. Moscow, MAKS Press, 2004, pp. 180—209. (In Russian).
3. Posobie po proektirovaniyu zhilykh zdaniy. Vyp. 3. Konstruktsii zhilykh zdaniy (k SNiP
2.08.01—85) [Guidelines on Design of Residential Houses. Issue 3. Constructions of Resi-
dential Houses (to SNiP 2.08.01—85)]. Moscow, TsNIIEPzhilishcha Publ., 1986, 305 p.
4. Maklakova T.G. Konstruirovanie krupnopanel'nykh zdaniy [Construction of Large-pan-
el Buildings]. Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1975, pp. 33—35. (In Russian).
5. Kashevarova G.G., Pepelyaev A.A. Modelirovanie i retrospektivnyy analiz vzryva byto-
vogo gaza v kirpichnom zdanii [Modeling and Lookback Study of Utility Gas Explosion in Brick
Buildings]. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy [Structural Mechanics and Calcula-
tion of Buildings]. 2010, no. 2, pp. 31—36. (In Russian).
6. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Veroyatnostnoe modelirovanie vzryvnogo voz-
deystviya [Probabilistic Modeling of Explosive Loading]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Mos-
cow State University of Civil Engineering]. 2012, no. 11, pp. 278—282. (In Russian).
7. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Analiz podkhodov k opredeleniyu parametrov vz-
ryvnogo vozdeystviya [Assessment of Reliability of the Foundation Slab Resting on the Lin-
early Deformable Bed and Characterized by the Modulus of Deformation Variable in X- and
Y-axis Directions]. Vestnik MGSU [Proceedings of Moscow State University of Civil Engineer-
ing]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 45—49. (In Russian).
8. Mkrtychev O.V., Dorozhinskiy V.B. Bezopasnost’ zdaniy i sooruzheniy pri vzryvnykh
vozdeystviyakh [The safety of buildings and structures under explosive effects]. Vestnik
NITs Stroitel’stvo [Proceedings of Scientific Research Center Construction]. 2011, no. 3—4,
pp. 21—34. (In Russian).