TROPICAL RAINFORESTS: Deforestation rates tables and charts

Pakistan Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 2.2% or about 1,687,000 ha of Pakistan is forested, according to FAO. Pakistan had 340,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Pakistan lost an average of 42,000 ha or 1.66% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Pakistan lost 33.2% of its forest cover, or around 840,000 ha.

Pakistan's forests contain 213 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Pakistan has some 1027 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 3.5% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 5.5% are threatened. Pakistan is home to at least 4950 species of vascular plants, of which 7.5% are endemic. 4.0% of Pakistan is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Pakistan

Previous version of this profile (2009)

SECTIONS:

Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books










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Pakistan: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha)77088
Total Forest Area (1000 ha)1687
Percent Forest Cover2
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha)0
Primary Forest, % total forest0
Other wooded land (1000 ha)1455
Percent other wooded land2




Pakistan: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)00
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)134780
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)34020


Pakistan: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2527211619021687
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-41-43-43
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-1.76-2.11-2.37


Pakistan: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2293182015841347
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-47-47-47
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-2.1-2.06-2.6


Pakistan: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
0000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
---


Pakistan: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
234296318340
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
644
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
2.381.441.35


Pakistan: Primary designated function (percent)
ProductionProtection of soil and waterConservation of biodiversitySocial servicesMultiple useOtherNone or unknown
3201305500


Pakistan: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN
Public ownershipPrivate ownershipOther
66340


PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
IndividualsBusiness entities and institutionsLocal, indigenous and tribal communities
---


HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS
Public administrationIndividualsBusiness entities and InstitutionsCommunitiesOther
-----
Pakistan: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total
(million m3)
Per hectare
(m3)
Coniferous
(million m3)
Broadleaved
(million m3)
% commercial species
1609513822-
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total (million m3)Per hectare (m3)Coniferous (million m3)Broadleaved (million m3)% commercial species
--


Pakistan: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons)
1990200020052010
330271243213
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons)
2000
126
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr)
1990200020052010
-6-6-6
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.n.s.n.s.


Pakistan: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE
1000 ha% wild fire (not managed burn)
-100


EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE
InsectsDiseasesOther biotic agentsAbiotic factorsTotal (excluding fire)% of 2005 forest area
------


Pakistan: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
243423452301-
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
247402931531603-


Pakistan: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$)
Value per ha forest
(US$)
Industrial roundwoodWoodfuelNWFPTotal
1131381---


Pakistan: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
3330-
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
3027-
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
33-


Pakistan: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): Yes (1955)
Sub-national forest policy: Yes
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (-) In implementation
National forest law (year): No national forest law (-) Sub-national forest law: Yes

Pakistan: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
200020052008
#% female#% female#% female
------


Pakistan: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenuePublic expenditure (1000 US$)
Domestic fundingExternal fundingTotal
(1000 US$)Operational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer payments
-------


Pakistan: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
  • CbD:
  • UNFCCC:
  • Kyoto Protocol:
  • UNCCD:
  • ITTA:
  • CITeS:
  • Ramsar:
  • World Heritage Convention:
  • NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Pakistan: Environment
    Environment - current issueswater pollution from raw sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff; limited natural fresh water resources; a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification
    Environment - international agreementsparty to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
    signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
    Natural hazardsfrequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)


    Pakistan: Land use / Resources
    Land use (%)arable land: 27.87%
    permanent crops: 0.87%
    other: 71.26% (2001)
    Natural resourcesland, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone


    Pakistan: Economy
    Economy - overview:Pakistan, an impoverished and underdeveloped country, has suffered from decades of internal political disputes, low levels of foreign investment, and a costly, ongoing confrontation with neighboring India. However, IMF-approved government policies, bolstered by generous foreign assistance and renewed access to global markets since 2001, have generated solid macroeconomic recovery the last four years. The government has made substantial macroeconomic reforms since 2000, although progress on more politically sensitive reforms has slowed. For example, in the budget for fiscal year 2006, Islamabad did not impose taxes on the agriculture or real estate sectors, despite Pakistan's chronically low tax-to-GDP ratio. While long-term prospects remain uncertain, given Pakistan's low level of development, medium-term prospects for job creation and poverty reduction are the best in more than a decade. Islamabad has raised development spending from about 2% of GDP in the 1990s to 4% in 2003, a necessary step towards reversing the broad underdevelopment of its social sector. GDP growth, spurred by double-digit gains in industrial production over the past year, has become less dependent on agriculture, and remained above 7% in 2004 and 2005. Inflation remains the biggest threat to the economy, jumping to more than 9% in 2005. The World Bank and Asian Development Bank announced that they would provide US $1 billion each in aid to help Pakistan rebuild areas hit by the October 2005 earthquake in Kashmir. Foreign exchange reserves continued to reach new levels in 2005, supported by steady worker remittances.
    GDP - per capita$2,400 (2005 est.)
    GDP - real growth rate (%)8.4% (2005 est.)
    Agriculture - productscotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs
    GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 21.6%, industry: 25.1%, services: 53.3% (2005 est.)
    Industries textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp
    Economic aid - recipient$2.4 billion (FY01/02)
    Debt - external$39.94 billion (2005 est.)
    Population below poverty line (%)32% (FY00/01 est.)
    Labor force - by occupation (%)agriculture 42%, industry 20%, services 38% (2004 est.)


    Pakistan: Population / Demographics
    Population (July 2005)162,419,946
    Population growth rate (%) (2005)2.03%
    Population density (people/sq km) (2005)208.6
    Percent rural (2003)65.9%
    Median age (years)total: 19.58 years
    Total fertility rate (children born/woman)4.14 (2005 est.)
    Ethnic groups (%)Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants)


    Largest Cities in Pakistan

    Cities and urban areas in Pakistan with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.

    CityCountryCity PopulationUrban Area Population
    KarachiPakistan1027250010272500
    LahorePakistan56115005611500
    FaisalabadPakistan21912002191200
    RawalpindiPakistan15584002548900
    GujranwalaPakistan13493001828600
    MultanPakistan13104001310400
    HyderabadPakistan12759001363100
    PeshawarPakistan10949001094900
    QuettaPakistan620900620900
    IslamabadPakistan586500586500
    SargodhaPakistan504600504600
    SialkotPakistan462800462800
    BahawalpurPakistan447100447100
    SukkurPakistan364800364800
    JhangPakistan323800323800
    ShekhupuraPakistan301300301300
    LarkanaPakistan299600299600
    OkaraPakistan286300286300
    GujratPakistan277200277200
    MardanPakistan271000271000
    KasurPakistan267800267800
    Rahim Yar KhanPakistan253200253200
    SahiwalPakistan229800229800
    WahPakistan219900219900
    Dera Ghazi KhanPakistan208500208500
    Mirpur KhasPakistan204400204400
    NawabshahPakistan202900202900
    MingaoraPakistan193400193400
    ChiniotPakistan187600187600
    KamokePakistan167300167300
    BurewalaPakistan166100166100
    JhelumPakistan161600161600
    SadiqabadPakistan156800156800
    JacobabadPakistan152600152600
    ShikarpurPakistan147700147700
    KhanewalPakistan147400147400
    HafizabadPakistan144300144300
    KohatPakistan138800138800
    MuzaffargarhPakistan134800134800
    KhanpurPakistan130500130500
    GojraPakistan127400127400
    BahawalnagarPakistan121500121500
    MuridkePakistan120300120300
    PakpattanPakistan119500119500
    AbottabadPakistan117500117500
    Tando adamPakistan114600114600
    JaranwalaPakistan114500114500
    KhairpurPakistan113200113200
    Chishtian MandiPakistan112700112700
    DaskaPakistan112500112500
    DaduPakistan109200109200
    Mandi BahauddinPakistan107900107900
    Ahmadpur EastPakistan106400106400
    KamaliaPakistan105600105600
    KhuzdarPakistan103100103100
    VihariPakistan102300102300
    Dera Ismail KhanPakistan100100100100


    Pakistan: Infrastructure
    Telephones - main lines in use3,982,800 (2003)
    Telephones - mobile cellular2,624,800 (2003)
    Roadways (km)total: 257,683 km
    paved: 152,033 km (including 339 km of expressways)
    unpaved: 105,650 km (2001)


    Pakistan: Health
    Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 63 years
    male: 62.04 years
    female: 64.01 years (2005 est.)
    Infant mortality rate72.44 deaths/1,000 live births
    HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)0.1% (2001 est.)
    Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: high
    food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
    vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and cutaneous leishmaniasis are high risks depending on location
    animal contact disease: rabies (2004)

    Pakistan : References & Data Sources
     Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
     Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
     Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
     Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
     RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
     World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
     The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
     Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
     With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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