Inglês Intermediário

Sobre o curso
Hoje em dia sabemos que o Inglês é um dos idiomas necessários
para ingressar no mercado de trabalho, pois é a língua internacional que
abrirá várias portas futuramente, e este curso irá guiá-lo por essa longa
jornada.

O que aprender com este curso?

Neste curso você aprenderá a dar os primeiros passos em direção
a um vasto mundo que o inglês pode proporcionar-lhe, através da
gramática que lhe ajudará a ter uma compreensão melhor de como
melhorar o seu vocabulário.
 Quantidade de Aulas
20 aulas
Cronograma
 Carga horária
30 horas
AULA 01 Modal Can
AULA 02 Simple future
AULA 03 There was and There were
AULA 04 Past Continuous Tense
AULA 05 How much and How many
AULA 06 Adverbs of frequency
AULA 07 Do and Make
AULA 08 Each,Every and All
AULA 09 Either and Neither
AULA 10 While and during
AULA 11 Other and Another
AULA 12 Still, Already and Yet
AULA 13 Get
AULA 14 Expressions of quantity
AULA 15 Verb to be
AULA 16 Reflexive pronouns
AULA 17 In case and Unless
AULA 18 Demonstrative pronouns
AULA 19 There is and There are
AULA 20 Enjoy and Like

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 Sumário

1. MODAL CAN 12. STILL, ALREADY AND YET

1.1. Let’s practice! 12.1. Still
2. SIMPLE FUTURE 12.2. Already
2.1. Will 12.3. Yet
2.2. Going to 12.4. Just
2.3. Let’s practice! 12.5. Let's practice!
3. THERE WAS AND THERE WERE 13. GET
3.1. Let's practice! 13.1. Let's practice!
4. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE 14. EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY
4.1. Let's practice! 14.1. Lot of
5. HOW MUCH AND HOW MANY 14.2. Still
5.1. Let's practice! 14.3. Already
6. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 14.4. Yet
6.1. Let's practice! 14.5. Just
7. DO AND MAKE 14.6. Let's practice!
7.1. Do 15. VERB TO BE
7.2. Make 15.1. Let's practice!
7.3. Let's practice! 16. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
8. EACH,EVERY AND ALL 16.1. Let's practice!
8.1. Each 17. IN CASE AND UNLESS
8.2. Every 17.1. In case
8.3. All 17.2. Unless
8.4. Let's practice! 17.3. Let's practice!
9. EITHER AND NEITHER 18. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
10. WHILE AND DURING 18.1. Let's practice!
10.1. Let's practice! 19. THERE IS AND THERE ARE
11. OTHER AND ANOTHER 19.1. Let's practice!
11.1. Other 20. ENJOY AND LIKE
11.2. Another 20.1. Let's practice!
11.3. Let's practice!

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 Aula
Inglês Intermediário
Modal Can 1
1. MODAL CAN

esta aula aprenderemos a usar o modal can, I can sing I can't sing Can I sing?
N que geralmente significa poder ou conseguir,
e podemos usar para indicar várias situações:
You can sing You can't sing Can you sing?

He can sing He can't sing Can he sing?

Exemplo:
She can sing She can't sing Can she sing?
Possibilidade
It can sing It can't sing Can it sing?
Capacidade
We can sing We can't sing Can we sing?
Habilidade
You can sing You can't sing Can you sing?
Permissão
They can sing They can't sing Can they sing?
Pedido
Na forma negativa do can poderíamos usar tanto
O verbo modal can tem a principal função de
can't quanto cannot, mas cannot está em desuso,
auxiliar o verbo principal na frase.
ou seja, não é tão usado no dia a dia.
Exemplos:
Exemplo:
Capacidade/Habilidade
You cannot sing.
She can drive.
Para usarmos o can em frases no passado,
Possibilidade devemos usar o could, que é o passado do can.

It can happen to you too. Na tabela a seguir veremos como usar o modal
could nas frases afirmativas, negativas e
Pedido
interrogativas.
Can I pay my bills?
Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa
Permissão
I could sing I could not sing Could I sing?
My brother can dance with you.
You could not Could you
You can sing
Podemos usar o verbo modal can para construir sing sing?
as seguintes frases afirmativas, negativas e He could not Could he
interrogativas. He could sing
sing sing?

Na tabela a seguir veremos como usar o modal She could not Could she
She can sing
can nas frases afirmativas, negativas e sing sing?
interrogativas.
It could sing It could not sing Could it sing?
Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa We could sing We could not Could we sing?

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 sing 3. Most dinosaurs walked on land, but some
_______ fly or even swim. could
You could not Could you
You could sing 4. She ______ drive a truck when she was only
sing sing?
sixteen years old. could
They could not Could they 5. Mary hit the tree because he _________ stop
They could sing
sing sing? her car. couldn't
6. I read the book three times but I ______
understand it. couldn't
Na forma negativa do could poderíamos usar
7. I ________ drive a car until I was 20, then I
tanto could not quanto couldn't.
moved to the countryside so I had to
Porém, devemos usar could not (forma learn. couldn't
separada) em escritas formais, e couldn't (forma 8. In my first year as a teacher, I almost lost my
contraída) na forma falada, que soa mais self-confidence because I ______ teach
naturalmente. anything. couldn't
1.1. Let’s practice! 9. Ellen was the only one who______ understand
me, but now he ______ either. could can't
Exercise 1: Use can or can't. 10. No matter how hard I try, I ______ see the
difference in the two pictures. could
1. Her mom only speaks English. She _____ 11. I _______ finally talk to John after I tried to
speak French. reach him on the phone for hours. could
2. I ____ swim a hundred meters. 12. Mary says she _____ speak four languages but
3. It's interesting that bees _____ make honey. she ______ talk to customers yesterday. can
4. Mary _____ get good marks at school because couldn't
he never studies.
5. A dog _____ swim very well in a sea, lake, or Common expressions in English idioms.
rive.
Hit the nail on the head- do the thing correctly.
6. What's sports ____ you play?
7. Peter _____ climb trees, he is ill. A big cheese- an important or a powerful person
8. Mr. Kent _____ buy a bog house and Ferrari in a group or family.
because he is very rich.
9. A clown _____ do a lot of tricks and make Give someone a bird- make fun.
children laugh.
Lion’s share- a major share.
10. Samira _____ do his homework without his
father's help. Salt on the earth- fundamental good people.
11. Ellen _____ drive very fast because she has
got a sports car. Sands of time- tiny amounts of time.
12. That old woman ____ cross the street by
Shake a leg- to go fast, hurry.
herself. William is helping him.
Got the wind up- to be scared.
Exercise 2: Use can, can't, could, or couldn't.
Dressed up to the nines- wearing fancy clothes.
1. I _______ go to the party last night because I
was sick. couldn't
Cast in the same mould- to be very similar.
2. My sister ______ swim last year, but now she
_______. can can

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Simple future 2
2. SIMPLE FUTURE

2.1. Will You will travel You will not Will you travel?
travel
simple future pode ser usado de várias
O maneiras, dependendo do contexto e da
finalidade.
They will travel
They will not
travel
Will they travel?

Para a formação dos tempos futuros utilizamos

Na forma negativa podemos utilizar will not ou a
will e going to.
forma contraída won't.
Usamos o will para expressar uma ideia de um
Example:
futuro incerto, ou seja, que não temos certeza que irá
acontecer. Podemos também usar o will para She will not study tomorrow.
expressar uma ideia espontânea tomada no exato
momento. She won't study tomorrow.

Na forma afirmativa, o simple future é formado

pela adição do verbo auxiliar will ou a contração 'll 2.2. Going to
+ o infinitivo do verbo.
Usamos também going to para nos referir ao
Example: futuro, mas um futuro certo, ou seja, que temos
certeza que irá acontecer.
He will study tomorrow.
Usamos going to para indicar nossos planos e
He'll study tomorrow. intenções ou para fazer previsões baseadas em
evidências atuais.
Veja a tabela abaixo utilizando as
formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa do will. Example:

Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa She is going to study tomorrow.

I will travel I will not travel Will I travel? A formação de frases com going to na forma
afirmativa segue a seguinte estrutura:
You will not
You will travel Will you travel?
travel Sujeito + verbo to be + going to + verbo
He will not principal sem o to.
He will travel Will he travel?
travel
Veja a tabela abaixo utilizando as
She will not formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa do
She will travel Will she travel?
travel going to.

It will travel It will not travel Will it travel? Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa
We will not I am going to I am not going Am I going to
We will travel Will we travel?
travel travel to travel travel?

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 You are going You are not Are you going _________________________________
to travel going to travel to travel?
_________________________________
He is going He is not going Is he going to
travel travel travel? _________________________________

She is going She is not Is she going to 2. She’s going to study tonight.
travel going travel travel?
_________________________________
It is going to It is not going to Is it going to
rain rain rain? _________________________________

We are going We are not Are we going to _________________________________

to travel going to travel travel?
3. They’ll go to the beach next Saturday.
You are going You are not Are you going
_________________________________
to travel going to travel to travel?

They are going They are not Are they going _________________________________
to travel going to travel to travel?
_________________________________

4. We’re going to buy him a birthday gift.

2.3. Let’s practice!
_________________________________
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences using will or
_________________________________
going to.

1. They are __________ get a new computer. _________________________________

5. I’m going to be seventeen next year.

2. Paul's sister is __________ have a baby.
_________________________________
3. I think my mother __________ like this CD.

4. Just a moment. I _________ help you with the _________________________________

bags.
_________________________________

5. We are ________ fly to Venice in June. 6. You’ll be the next to give a party.

6. I don't know yet. Perhaps I __________ stay at

_________________________________
home.
_________________________________
7. You look pretty tired. You should have a break.
I ________ have a rest. _________________________________

8. John wants to buy Sue a present. What is Common expressions in English idioms.
he ________ give her?
Change horses in midstream- to change plans.
9. I'm dying for a drink. Are you? I _______ get
Cap it all- to finish.
you a glass of juice.

10. You look so happy! What's the matter? Mary Jump to a conclusion - If someone jumps to a
and I are _________ have a baby. conclusion, they evaluate or judge something without
a sufficient examination of the facts.
Exercise 2: Turn these statements into the
interrogative and into the negative forms. Let nature take its course- to allow someone to
live or die naturally.
1. You’re going to the party.
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 Like a sitting duck- totally unaware. ('Zip it' is also used.)

Zip it - This is used to tell someone to be quiet. Give-up the ghost- to die.

Zip your lip - If someone tells you to zip your lip, Got the slap on the wrist- got light punishment.
they want to shut up or keep quiet about something.
In black and white- to give in writing.

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There was and There were 3
3. THERE WAS AND THERE WERE

esta aula aprenderemos a usar there was e Was there a pen here?
N there were , que usamos para falar sobre
coisas do passado.
Were there ten apples?

Sobre there was e there were não há muito o

O there was e there were seriam o passado do
que falar pois possuem usos específicos, basta você
there is e there are, conhecido como “haver”.
saber quando usar um e outro.
Como no presente, o passado também 3.1. Let's practice!
apresenta duas formas.
Exercise 1: Follow the patterns:
There was = tinha/ havia /existia
ax - an - in the garage -> There was an ax in the
There were = tinha / havia / existiam garage.

There was usamos no singular e there were on the table - hammers -> There were hammers
usamos no plural. on the table.

Exemplos usando there was: 1. book - on - a - table - the.

There was a girl outside. ________________________________

There was a book on the table. 2. five - crying - babies.

Exemplos usando there were: ________________________________

There were two books on the table. 3. a - boy - outside.

There were three boys outside. ________________________________

Para usarmos there was e there were na forma 4. the - table - two - books - on.
negativa, basta usarmos was not ou sua forma
contraída (There wasn’t) ________________________________

Exemplos: 5. crying - baby - a.

There was not a pen here. ________________________________

There wasn’t a pen here. 6. a pie – in the freeze.

Para fazermos pergunta, devemos seguir a ________________________________

seguinte estrutura:
7. boys – outside – three.
Was there?
________________________________
Were there?
8. box – candies - in this.
Exemplos:
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 ________________________________ You said it!- Used to say you agree completely
with something just said.
9. on the sofa - hammer.
You scratch my back and I'll scratch yours - This
________________________________ idiom means that if you do something for me, I'll return
the favor.
10. in the icebox - eggs.

________________________________ You what? - This is a very colloquial way of

expressing surprise or disbelief at something you have
Exercise 2: Fill the gaps with the correct form of heard. It can also be used to ask someone to say
there was and there were. something again.

1. ___________ a lot of traffic in Valencia. You're toast - If someone tells you that you are
toast, you are in a lot of trouble.
2. ___________ anywhere to park around here?
You've got rocks in your head - Someone who
3. ___________ much sugar. has acted with a lack of intelligence has rocks in their
head.
4. ___________ enough time to finish?

5. ___________ a few bananas and a few apples. You've made your bed- you'll have to lie in it -
This means that someone will have to live with the
6. ___________ only one way to solve this consequences of their own actions.
problem.
Youngblood - Young people with new ideas and
7. ___________ anyone here who wants to fresh approaches are young blood.
volunteer?
Young Turk - A Young Turk is a young person
8. ___________ a lot of people in the who is rebellious and difficult to control in a company,
supermarket. team, or organization.

9. ___________ a lion in our wardrobe. End in smoke- to bear no result

10. ___________much traffic yesterday? Get your wires crossed- If people get their wires
cross, they misunderstand each other, especially
Common expressions in English idioms.
when making arrangements ('Get your lines crossed'
is also used.)
In the blues- low spirited

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Past Continuous Tense 4
4. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Continuous Tense, também Mary was sleeping at three o’clock.

O conhecido como Past Progressive Tense é
usado para para indicar uma situação que
1. Freddy / read at three o’clock.

estava se desenvolvendo no passado, ou seja ______________________________________

acontecendo.
2. She / work at three o’clock.
O Past Continuous Tense é formado da
seguinte forma: _____________________________________

Passado do verbo to be + verbo principal + Ing. 3. They / eat chocolate at three o’clock.

Exemplo: ______________________________________

I was studying until late last week. 4. We / watch TV at three o’clock.

Também pode indicar uma ação que acontecia ______________________________________

no passado quando outra ação aconteceu. O segundo
verbo é usado no simple past. 5. He / use the Internet at three o’clock.

______________________________________
Exemplo:
6. You / cook lunch at three o’clock.
I was cleaning my room last night when the
phone rang.
______________________________________
Na forma negativa basta acrescentar not depois
7. We / travel to London at three o’clock.
de was/were.
______________________________________
Exemplo:
______________________________________
She was not studying last night.
8. You / not / play cards when the murder
Na forma interrogativa basta acrescentar
happened.
was/were no início da pergunta.
______________________________________
Exemplo:
______________________________________
Was she studying last night?
9. The dog / not / play outside when the murder
-------------------------------------------
happened.
4.1. Let's practice!
______________________________________
Exercise 1: Make the positive past continuous:
______________________________________
Example:
10. Mr. John/ not / work in his study when the
Mary / sleep at three o’clock murder happened.
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 ______________________________________ ______________________________________

______________________________________ ______________________________________

Exercise 2: Use the verbs in brackets in the 9. Mary (dance) with two boys.
past continuous tense:
______________________________________
1. She (sleep) when he arrived home.
______________________________________
______________________________________
10. The cat (sleep) in the basket.
______________________________________
______________________________________
2. He (study) until late for the test.
______________________________________
______________________________________
Common expressions in English idioms.
______________________________________
Give me five- If someone says this, they want to
3. We (relax) in the living room’s couch. hit your open hand against theirs as a

______________________________________ Way of congratulation or greeting.

______________________________________ Give me a hand- If someone gives you a hand,

they help you.
4. They (drink) coffee yesterday morning.
Just for the heck of it - When someone does
______________________________________
something just for the heck of it, they do it without a
good reason.
______________________________________
Loaves and fishes- done for material benefits.
5. They (show) a good movie on the TV last night.

______________________________________ Like a shag on a rock- completely alone.

Let someone slide- neglect something

______________________________________
Let the cat out of the bag- reveal the secret
6. She (play) hockey.

______________________________________ Left to your own devices- If someone is left to

their own devices, they are not controlled and can
______________________________________ do whatever they want.

7. They (swim) in the pool. Just for the record - If something is said to be
just for the record.
______________________________________
Give someone a piece of your mind- If you give
______________________________________ someone a piece of your mind, you criticize them
strongly and angrily.
8. We (listen) to music.

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How much and How many 5

5. HOW MUCH AND HOW MANY

samos how much e how many para Exemplo:

U fazermos perguntas sobre certa quantidade
de alguma coisa.
How many girls are there in your classroom?

Veja alguns exemplos de palavras em inglês que

Estes termos estão relacionados com o uso das
são incontáveis.
palavras many e much.

Primeiro vamos relembrar a diferença de many e Sugar

much.
Water

Usamos many com substantivos contáveis. Air

Exemplo:
Tea
I need many eggs.
Rice

Usamos much com substantivos incontáveis. Anger

Exemplo:
Fear
I need much money. 5.1. Let's practice!

A única diferença entre how many e how much Exercise 1: Use how much or how many to
é que usamos how many com substantivos contáveis complete the questions.
e how much com substantivos incontáveis.
1. ___________ stars are there in the sky?
Portanto usamos how much para perguntar pela
2.___________is that apple pie?
quantidade de algo incontável e também sendo
utilizado como uma expressão para perguntar pelo 3. ___________ is that fish?
preço de algo.
4. ___________ birds are there?
Exemplo:
5. ___________ water is in the bank?
Perguntando a quantidade de algo.
6. ___________ countries are there in the world?
How much money do we have?
7. ___________ bread is eaten per day?
Exemplo:
8. ___________ bones are there in the human
Perguntando pelo preço de algo. body?

How much is this doll? 9. ___________ people live on islands?

Usamos how many para perguntar pela 10. ___________ information is on the internet?
quantidade de algo contável.

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 Common expressions in English idioms. unpleasant side to the character.

Jam on your face - If you say that someone has Have a one track mind- think only of one thing.
jam on their face, they appear to be caught,
embarrassed or found guilty. Have clean hands- be guiltless.

In dribs and drabs- in small amounts at a time.

Jam tomorrow - This idiom is used when people
promise good things for the future that will never In cahoots with- in a partnership usually for a
come. dishonest reason.

Jane Doe - Jane Doe is a name given to an

If the shoe fits, wear it- This is used to suggest
unidentified female who may be party to legal
that something that has been said might apply to a
proceedings, or to an unidentified person in the person.
hospital, or dead. John Doe is the male equivalent.
In droves- When things happen in droves, a lot
happen at the same time or very quickly.
Jekyll and Hyde - Someone who has a Jekyll
and Hyde personality has a pleasant and a very

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Adverbs of frequency 6
6. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

samos adverbs of frequency para expressar Exemplo:

U quando alguém faz alguma coisa, ou seja eles
servem para indicar a rotina ou quando é
We clean the house daily.

praticada alguma ação repetidas vezes. Seldom

Podemos usar os adverbs of frequency tanto no

Public services seldom work well in that country.
passado, quanto no presente e no futuro.
Observações:
Alguns exemplos de adverbs of frequency.
Adverbs of frequency:
Always
Devem vir antes do verbo principal;
Exemplo:
Podem ser usados no começo ou no final da
I always go to school by bus.
frase;

Usually Quando tem o verbo to be, devem vir depois

dele.
Exemplo:

I usually wake up full of energy. Em frases negativas, devem vir depois da

negação e antes do verbo principal.
Sometimes 6.1. Let's practice!

Exemplo: Exercise 1: Put the words in the correct order:

It is sometimes very hot in the summer. 1. always/him/I/love/will

Never _______________________________

Exemplo: _______________________________

He never listens to my advice. 2. I/television/watch/usually

Often _______________________________

Exemplo: _______________________________

She writes often. 3. He/computer/sometimes/uses/the/television

Hardly _______________________________

Exemplo: _______________________________

I hardly ever study. 4. drink/wine/Mary/rarely

Daily _______________________________

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 _______________________________ b) often – rarely – usually – always

5. Susan /that/ said /never c) always – rarely – fast – softly

_______________________________ d) often – always – badly – fast

_______________________________ Common expressions in English idioms.

6. invited/him /never/ have /Peter/ would In the doghouse- If someone is in the doghouse,
they are in disgrace and very
_______________________________
Unpopular at the moment.
_______________________________
Just off the boat - If someone is just off the boat,
7. take /to/they/ the /boys/sometimes/school
they are naive and inexperienced.

_______________________________ Just what the doctor ordered - If something's

just what the doctor ordered, it is precisely what is
_______________________________
needed.
8. Matha/tennis/plays/always
Nobody’s fool- one who can take care of
_______________________________ himself.

_______________________________ Not having a leg to stand for- not having proof.

9. Ellen/lazy/usally/is Rack and ruin- If something or someone goes to

rack and ruin, they are utterly destroyed or wrecked.
_______________________________
Rain on your parade- If someone rains on your
_______________________________
parade, they ruin your pleasure or your plans.
10. said/I/what/forget/never
You do not get a dog and bark yourself - If
there is someone in a lower position who can or
_______________________________
should do a task, then you shouldn't do it.
_______________________________
You get what you pay for - Something that is
Exercise 2: What's the alternative that only very low in price is not usually of very good quality.
presents frequency adverbs?
Go bananas- If you go bananas, you are wild
a) badly – gently – fast – often with excitement, anxiety, or worry.

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Do and Make 7
7. DO AND MAKE

7.1. Do Do a dance Do your best

samos frequentemente “do” com certos Do a drawing Do your nails

U substantivos para
afazeres e tarefas.
descrever atividades,

Usamos “do” para substituir um verbo quando o

O verbo “do” é usado quando nenhum objeto significado é claro ou óbvio.
físico é produzido.
Isso é mais comum no Inglês informal.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:

I have to do my homework.
Do I need to do my hair?
Também podemos usar “do” em vez de outro
Podemos também usar o “do” como um verbo
verbo para falar sobre certos empregos.
auxiliar para fazermos perguntas no presente.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:

Can you do the shoes before the children go to

Do you like chocolate?
school?

Podemos também usar “do” quando falamos 7.2. Make

sobre atividades gerais ou indefinidas, em vez de
atividades específicas. Usamos make para: produzir, construir, criar ou
construir algo novo.
Exemplo:
Exemplos:
Did you do anything about the broken window
this morning? The firm I work for makes children’s clothes.

Veja algumas expresssões usando “do”: I made some fresh coffee and gave her a cup.

Do well Do a fart Usamos make com certos substantivos,

especialmente quando estamos falando sobre uma
Do your best Do a job ação que alguém executa.
Do your hair Do anything
Exemplos:
Do your nails Do business
Try not to make a noise.
Do a favor Do chores
Can I use your phone to make a call?
Do business Do nothing
Também podemos usar make para produzir
Do the laundry Do research ação ou reação.

Do a burp Do work Exemplos:

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 She makes me happy. water

It’s not my fault. My brother made me do it! Made form Make you
Make breakfast
grapes happy
Usamos make no preparo alimentos e bebidas;
Make you
Make dinner Made in China
Exemplos: sleepy

I made a cake for her birthday. Make a cup of

Made by me Make you smile
coffe
I have to make dinner.

Veja algumas expressões usando “make”:

Plans and Decisions Speaking and Sounds

Make a bet Make a decision Make arrengements Make a noise

Make a cake Make a difference Make a choice Make a comment

Make a call Make a discovery Make a decision Make a speech

Make a change Make a face Make a plan Make a suggestion

Make a choice Make a friends

Make a comment Make a joke 7.3. Let's practice!

Make a complaint Make a loss Exercise 1: Use do or make according to what

you have learned:
Make a confession Make a mistake
(You may need to conjugate the verb.)
Make a connection Make a phone call

Make a date Make a promise 1. You shouldn’t be mean to others, it can ______
a lot of harm to people’s feelings.

Portando, podemos concluir que usamos "do" 2. Father Christmas ______ a list and checks it
para: twice, trying to find out who’s been naughty or nice.

3. Could I ______ a suggestion?

Work,Jobs Non-Specific Replace Verb
and Tasks Activities When Obvious 4. She ______ a date with her boyfriend last
Do the Saturday night.
Do something Do your hair
housework
5. It is difficult to ______ a decision about what to
Do your study at university.
Do nothing Do the dishes
homework
6. Peter went outside to ______ a phone call.
Do a good job Do anything Do the exam
7. She ______ a lot of lists of things to do, but
Do your chores Do everything Do the laundry she never does any of the things.

8. If you’ll ______ the dishes, I’ll sweep the floor.

Portando, podemos concluir que usamos
"Make" para: 9. Could you call the manager, please? I’d like to
______ a complaint.
Food,Drink Product Produce a
10. I feel terrible! I really must ______ some more
and Meals Materail/Origin Reaction
exercise! Will you come for a run with me tomorrow?
Make a cake Made of gold Make your eyes

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 11. The child ______ a face behind the teacher’s a ) powerful computers as small as a cigarette
back. packet.

12. Ellen helped the children to ______ drawings b) things we could not have dreamed of 10 years
of the flowers. ago.

13. Let’s ______ a date to meet and talk about 4. The local council is doing...
your business idea.
a ) nothing to help solve traffic congestion.
14. Sorry, I ______ a mistake. The restaurant isn’t
b) changes to traffic flow in the city centre.
here, but on another street.

15. Could you possibly ______ me a favor and Common expressions in English idioms.
bring dessert to my dinner party
Heart missed a beat- very excited.

tomorrow? Heart in the right place- good-natured.

Exercise 2: Choose the most likely sentence

Spill the beans- to expose a secret.
ending.
Snake in the grass- a hidden army.
1. The company makes...
Spill the beans- to expose a secret.
a) small electric motors.
Snake in the grass- a hidden army
b) a lot of work for charity.
Go tell it to birds- This is used when someone
2. The children in the class worked really
says something that is not credible or is a lie.
hard. They made...
Earth shattering- not at all surprising.
a ) everything they could to help.
For a song- If you buy or sell something for a
b ) presents for all their brothers and sisters.
song, it is very cheap.
3. With recent advances in technology, we are
A bird’s eye view- a view from a very high place
now able to do...
which allows you to see a large area.

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Each,Every and All 8
8. EACH,EVERY AND ALL

8.1. Each Note que, na frase “I brush my teeth every day”

a semana é um conjunto constituído por dias, tais
samos each para nos referirmos a coisas como:
U individuais em um grupo ou uma lista de duas
ou mais coisas, sendo utilizado com Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday e assim por
substantivos contáveis no singular. diante.

Exemplos: Each e every não podem anteceder a palavra

people.
Each day is an adventure.
Não podemos dizer every people ou each
I spoke to each individually. people, mas podemos dizer all the people ou
everybody.
Each (student) has to pass the test.
A palavra each é usada quando há apenas dois
Each também pode vir acompanhado de of (each
objetos em questão.
of).
Veja a comparação entre each e every.
Exemplos:
Mary wore anklets on each ankle. correto
Each of us has problems.
Mary wore anklets on every ankle. Incorreto
Each of pode muitas vezes vir acompanhado de
the, my, your, his, us, them e etc. A primeira frase está correta porque Mary possui
apenas dois tornozelo, sendo apenas dois objetos em
Exemplo:
questão.
Each of (the) my friends likes ice cream.

Muitas vezes, each tem um significado 8.3. All

semelhante a every.
Usamos all para nos referirmos a um número
Apesar de possuírem o mesmo significado, each total de pessoas ou coisas de um grupo.
e every não são a mesma coisa.
Podemos usar all com um substantivo no plural
para fazer um generalização sobre um grupo inteiro
8.2. Every de algo.

Utilizamos every quando estamos falando de um Exemplo:

todo, ou seja um conjunto ou grupo. Também
All elephants are slow.
utilizamos every com substantivos contáveis no
singular. Podemos usar all com substantivos no singular,
plural ou com substantivos incontáveis. Esses
Exemplo:
substantivos também podem ser substituídos por
I brush my teeth every day. pronomes.

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 Exemplo: 7. _______ student has written an e-mail.

All of the pages are yellow and old. 8. We loss $40_______.

Podemos às vezes colocar all após um pronome 9. They’re open _______ day except Sunday.
para enfatizar que cada um daquele grupo está
10. These lemons cost 25 cent _______.
incluído.
Exercise 2: Use all or every.
Exemplo:

I hope you all have a great time. 1. He obeys _______ rule in the school.

2. _______ day long I’ve worked on my project.

Comparando all vs each.
3. We have _______ confidence in her.
All nos referimos a todo o grupo como um todo.
Each se refere aos membros individuais do grupo.
4. The shirts that I have are _______ black and
Exemplo: white.

5. He devotes _______ spare moment to his

I say goodbye to each student as they leave the
hobby.
room.
6. _______ people have the right to be equal.
I say goodbye to all student as they leave the
room.
7. I heard _______ word you said.
Resumo:
8. I have invited _______ my friends.

All 9. Not_______ dogs are clever.

Usamos all para falar de um número total de

10. I’ve spent _______ my money.
coisas consideradas como um grupo e não individual.
Common expressions in English idioms.
Every.
Cards are stacked against- luck is against you.
Usamos every para falar sobre coisas no
coletivo, como um grupo mais do individual. Eleventh hour decision- Decision that is made
at the last possible minute
Each.
Gift of the gab- talent of speaking, if someone
Usamos each para falar sobre membros
has the gift of the gab, they speak in a persuasive and
individuais de um grupo, mas separadamente.
Interesting way

Never-never land- ideal best place.

8.4. Let's practice!
Wet behind the ears- Someone who is wet
Exercise 1: Use each or every. behind the ears is either very young or inexperienced.

1. _______ of the students has three books. You can't un-ring a bell - This means that once
something has been done, you have to live with
2. She goes to the gym _______ day.
the consequences as it can't be undone.
3. You need to wash _______ of them before use.
You could have knocked me down with a
4. You need to take a break _______ two hours. feather - This idiom is used to mean that the person
was very shocked or surprised.
5. We enjoyed _______ minute of our holidays.

6. _______h answer is worth 2 points.

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 You reap what you sow - This means that if you Gives cold shoulder- to ignore.
do bad things to people, bad things will happen to you,
Fool's paradise- A fool's paradise is a false
or good things if you do good things. It is normally
sense of happiness or success.
used when someone has done something bad.

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Either and Neither 9
9. EITHER AND NEITHER

samos neither como sentido de negativo e Which drink would you like? Either is fine.
U either como o sentido de positivo.
Which cake do you want? Neither! I’m going to
Usamos either + um substantivo no have an apple.
singular para falar sobre duas coisas do mesmo tipo.
Tanto neither, quanto either, não seguem uma
Exemplo: tradução específica, é mais questão de prática e
observação.
Either drink is fine. I like both kinds.
Neither expressa a ideia de nenhum, nem.
Either é mais usado para escolhas, ou seja
expressa a ideia de um ou outro, qualquer um dos Exemplo:
dois.
We have two TVs, but neither works properly.
Exemplos:
I like neither coffee nor tea.
He’s either Spanish or Italian.
Podemos usar neither no início de uma frase ou
There’s chocolate or ice-cream. You can have cláusula, basta invertermos as palavras.
either.
Exemplo:
In my opinion, either team can win.
I’m not at home. Neither is john.
Sempre que houver uma palavra negativa em
I don't like coffee. Neither do I.
uma sentença usaremos either para passar a ideia de
nenhum. Não podemos usar neither com outra sentença
negative.
Exemplo:

I can’t speak France. Exemplo:

I don’t want neither chocolate nor crisps.

I can’t either.
(Wrong)
Podemos usar either of + substantivo no plural,
I want neither chocolate nor crisps. (Correct)
antes de um pronome ou uma palavra como this, the
ou my.
Quando queremos falar sobre duas coisas
Exemplo: diferentes, podemos usar either + substantivo + or +
substantivo.
Either of my dresses is good.
Exemplo:
Podemos usar either e neither quando
We could use either some apples or some
estamops falando de um substantivo.
oranges.
Exemplos:
Exercise 1: Use either or neither.

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 1. I don’t like Italian so I don’t really want to go to 13. _______ my brother nor my mother knows
_______ restaurant. about this.

2. _______ me nor my sister like mushrooms. Common expressions in English idioms.

3. Please will _______ you or Mary buy some Drive a wedge between- to break relationship
milk later? between the two

4. Do _______ of you have a black dress I can Dances to the tune- to always do what someone
borrow? tells you to do

5. _______r of them want to come with me so I Crack a book- to open a book to study.
suppose I will have to go by myself.
Have an egg on the face- be embarrassed
6. I don’t think England or South Africa will in the
Have eyes bigger than stomach- desiring more
world cup this year, _______ of them.
food than one can eat
7. I'm not at home. _______ is John.
Fall on our feet- If you fall on your feet, you
8. We could use _______ blue paint or red paint. succeed in doing something where there was a risk of
failure.
9. She will buy _______ some apples or some
oranges. Salt on the earth- fundamental good people.

10. I don’t like _______ one of those options. Sands of time- tiny amounts of time.

11. _______ bob nor his sister is going to the Shake a leg- to go fast, hurry.
conference.
Fall on your sword- If someone falls on their
12. Pass me _______ one of those pens. sword, they resign or accept the consequences of
what they have done wrong.

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While and during 10
10. WHILE AND DURING

hile é usado para duas ações que estão 5. ______ we lived in London, we met many
W acontecendo ao mesmo tempo. interesting people.

Exemplos: 6. Where are my friends ______ I most need

them?
He was eating while I was reading the
newspaper. 7. ______ I was driving, I listened to a very
interesting radio program.
While she was eating, her brother was
watching TV. 8. Who did you meet ______ you arrived to the
party?
Usamos when, e não while, para falar sobre
alguma coisa que ocorre ao mesmo tempo que uma 9. I will take care of my father ______ my mother
ação ou evento mais longo. goes to the doctor.

Exemplos: 10. She had climbed many a tree ______ she

was a girl.
We were playing monopoly when the lights
went off. Common expressions in English idioms.

He was walking back to his flat when he heard Many moons ago- A very long time ago.
an explosion.
Once in a blue moon- very rarely.
Usamos during quando algo acontecer em
relação a outro evento, tendo como um período de On the bandwagon- doing something because
tempo determinado. others are also doing it.

Go under the hammer- If something goes under

Exemplo:
the hammer, it is sold in an auction.
I was really bored during the meeting.
Graveyard shift- If you have to work very late at
10.1. Let's practice!
night, it is the graveyard shift.
Exercise 1: Complete the sentences using when
Grease monkey- A grease monkey is an
or while.
idiomatic term for a mechanic.
1. I saw him ______ I was on my way home.
No love lost between- dislike.
2. ______ he was young. He used to smoke a
Fingers and thumbs- If you are all fingers and
lot.
thumbs, you are being clumsy and not very skilled
3. Ellen had a terrible accident ______ he was a with your hands.
child.
Pick someone to pieces- to criticize sharply.
4. ______ Peter was talking a bath, the phone
Parrot fashion- If you learn something parrots
rang three times.
fashion; you learn it word for word.
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Other and Another 11
11. OTHER AND ANOTHER

11.1. Other um substantivo no singular ou um substantivo

contável.
uando queremos fazer referência a algo ou
Q alguém, diferente
anteriormente, usamos other.
do mencionado Another tem os sentido de:

Mais alguma coisa

Exemplo:
Algo adicional
He lives on the other side.
Algo extra
Também podemos usar other no plural, para
Algo diferente
evitar uso de repetições em termos já mencionados
antes. Algo alternativo

Exemplo: Exemplo:

Today we tried three traditional foods. Tomorrow Would you like another drink?
we’ll try three others.
As vezes podemos usar another como um
Quando um substantivo estiver no plural pronome.
devemos usar sempre other.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:
I don’t like this drink. Let’s ask for another.
I’d like to listen to other songs.
Podemos adicionar another antes de “one”
Também podemos usar the other como um quando o significado é claro no texto anterior.
pronome, para nos referir a algo que já foi
mencionado na frase. Exemplo:

Exemplos: I have already drunk two cups of coffee though

now I want another one.
She has two kittens, one is black and the other is
all white.
11.3. Let's practice!
This computer here is new. The other computer
is about five years. Exercise 1: For each gap choose one of the
words: another, other, the other, or others.

11.2. Another 1. You’ve met Mary, but I have ________ sister

who you haven’t met.
Usamos another quando queremos fazer
referência a algo que foi mencionado anteriormente 2. Mandy and Peter stayed
na sentença. Another sempre estará aconpanhado de behind. ________ girls went home.

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 3. He was always somewhat indifferent to the 8. Let’s do it ________ time.
feelings of ________.
9. I’ve posted the first package. What shall I do
4. Some music calms people; ________ music with that ________ package?
has the opposite effect.
10. I’m staying for ________ few weeks.
5. This one’s too big. Do you have it
Common expressions in English idioms.
in ________ sizes?
Put the cart before the horse- doing things in a
6. These boxes are for books. ________ boxes
wrong manner
are for clothes.

7. This computer here is Pull up the shocks- do things in the right manner
new. ________ computer is about five years. and correctly

Finger in the pie- If you have a finger in the pie,

8. There’s ________ sandwich if you’re hungry.
you have an interest in something.
9. I’m going to order a drink. Would you
Cross a bridge before one comes to it- worry
like ________?
about the future in advance
10. I don’t like there one. I prefer ________ color.
Vent your spleen - If someone vents their
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences using the spleen, they release all their anger about something.
words other or another.
Whale of a time- If you have a whale of a time,
1. Would you like ________ piece of cake? you really enjoy yourself

2. Are there any ________ questions? Work your fingers to the bone- If you work your
fingers to the bone, you work extremely hard on
3. Is there ________ golf course around here? something

4. Let’s go to ________ restaurant today. We

A bone of contention- something that people
always go to the same one.
argue for a long time
5. I’ll wear my ________ shoes, these are dirty.
Bad blood- feelings of hate between two
families.
6. Could I ask you ________ question if you
don’t mind? Blow one’s own horn- to praise one.

7. Would you like ________ drink?

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Still, Already and Yet 12
12. STILL, ALREADY AND YET

12.1. Still Have you booked a flight already?

samos still para nos referirmos a uma ação Jasmine has never asked your address yet.

U ou uma situação que continua no presente,

porque ainda não terminou.
Não podemos usar past simple com already,
mas talvez você poça ouvir falantes de Inglês
Geralmente se refere a algo que acontece mais americano usando already no past simple, porém
tempo do que o esperado. seguindo pela gramática, seu uso é incorreto.

Still é usado antes do verbo ou um adjetivo.

12.3. Yet
Exemplo:
Usamos yet em uma ação que esperamos
He is still asleep so don’t wake him up. acontecer no futuro, mas yet não é usado no
passado.
Se o verbo tem duas partes, usamos still entre
os dois verbos. Quando queremos usar yet no passado ,
geralmente colocamos no final da frase ou pergunta.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:
When I went to bed, Angelica was still
working. Is the report ready yet?

Mas se um dos verbos for negativo, usamos still Também usamos yet para dizer que algo
antes desse verbo negativo. esperado não aconteceu.

Exemplo: Exemplo:

I took the clock to repair shop though it still Ellen can’t go home yet, she hasn’t finished her
isn’t working. work.

Como havíamos visto antes, yet é usado em

12.2. Already frases afirmativas, dando às frases um significado
semelhante ao uso de ainda, embora isso seja mais
Usamos already para nos referirmos a uma ação
formal e incomum.
que aconteceu antes do esperado.
Exemplos:
É usado em frases afirmativas no presente, em
frases interrogativas ou no passado, mas nunca no We have yet to hear the big news from Brazil.
futuro.
We are still waiting to hear the big news from
Exemplos: Brazil.

I already know what I’m going to buy you for Usamos também still e yet juntos, para explicar
your birthday. porque uma ação continua.

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 Exemplo: 10. Have you seen the movie Fast &
Furious ________?
I’m still studying at the university because I
haven’t graduated yet. Exercise 2: Fill the gaps with already, yet or x (if
you do not have to put either of them).

12.4. Just 1. Mary has ________ made tea for her doll and
herself ________.
O uso de just é muito simples, ou seja, usamos
para expressar algo que acabou de acontecer, algo 2. Has the alarm clock ________ woken Lyle
que acabamos de fazer, ou para dar ênfase em algo up ________?
que estamos dizendo.
3. The telephone has ________ rung twice
Exemplos: today ________.

Expressando algo que acabou de acontecer. 4. Father hasn’t ________ spoken to

Ken ________.
I’ve just lost my keys.
5. How many flowers have
Para dar ênfase no que estamos dizendo. you ________ picked ________?

It’s just not right. 6. Has Benny ________sent a postcard to Santa

Claus ________?

12.5. Let's practice! 7. Has Dick ________ told you the

truth ________?
Exercise 1: Fill the gaps with already, just, still or
yet. 8. They haven’t ________ flown by plane
________.
1. Peter sends his love. I’ve ________seen him in
the high street. 9. Tod has ________ paid for the
food ________.
2. We can’t have chips again.
We’ve _______ had them there times this week. 10. Have you ________ seen my wallet yet?

3. I can’t decide. I _______ haven’t made a 11. Has the minister ________ greeted
decision. us________?

4. I haven’t phoned Martha _______. I’ll do it 12. I have ________ been in the
when I get back from work. theatre________.

5. Dou you know something about Mary? She’s Common expressions in English idioms.
fine. I’ve _______ spoken to her on the phone.
Make a monkey of someone- If you make a
6. Will says he ________ this minute caught the monkey of someone, you make them look foolish.
train so he’ll be here in half an hour.
Man of his word- A man of his word is a person
7. Have you cleaned the bathroom ________? who does what he says and keeps his Promises.
I’ve ________ done it. I did an hour ago.
Be bouncing off the walls- excited and full of
8. We’re going to a concert on Friday, but we nervous energy.
haven’t bought the tickets ________.
A cock and a bull story- a story or an
9. I ________ haven’t booked my ticket. I must do explanation which is obviously not true.
it today.
At the crack of the dawn- very early in morning.

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 Dragging its feet- delaying in decision, not Have a big mouth- one who gossips more or
showing enthusiasm. tells secret.

Blue in the face- exhausted and speechless. Himalayan blunder- a serious mistake.

Hold one’s horse- be patient.

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Get 13
13. GET

et pode ser seguido por uma ampla variedade I get $10 an hour. Earn
G de adjetivos e pode ocorrer em qualquer
tempo, incluindo também a forma
Do you get the lesson? Understand

progressiva. The police got him at the station. Capture

Exemplo:
Veja alguns phrasal verbs usando get.
I’m getting hungry.
Get a letter

Também é muito comum colocar get e o past Exemplo:

participle juntos no Inglês para descrever uma ação
realizada por outra pessoa. A pessoa que está She gets a letter every single day.
executando a tarefa não precisa ser identificada.
Get an email.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:
This work will get done later today.
He got an email yesterday.
Na estrutura get + past participle, funciona como
Get over
um adjetivo; descreve o substantivo sujeito ou o
pronome da frase. Exemplo:

Exemplo:
She is getting over her disease.
They are getting engaged next week.
Get at

Get não tem um significado fixo, ou seja pode ter Exemplo:

vários significados, mas isso vai depender das
palavras que estiverem após o get. I’m trying to get at the truth.

Também usamos get para substituir um Get back

determinado verbo.
Exemplo:
Exemplo:
I got my books back from Tom welling.
They got him by hacking into his smartphone.
Get também é usado para indicar posse, pode
Perceba que, na frase acima, poderíamos usar indicar que alguém tem um objeto , um amigo ou
“caught” que seria um verbo, mas usamos get. parente, ou até mesmo uma situação.

Usando get sozinho. Exemplos:

Exemplos: She’s got a beautiful smile.

He got to work an hour late. Arrive They’ve got friends in Dallas.

13.1. Let's practice!
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 Exercise 1: Choose the better word to synonym 5. Do you get the lesson?
closest in meaning to the original.
a) understand
1. I think it’s time for us get out of the shipping
business. b) catch

c) earn
a) Leave
Common expressions in English idioms.
b) Receive

c) Stay Break the back of- reduce the power of

something.
2. What are you trying to get at?
Earth shattering- not at all surprising.
a) Leave
Burn a hole in one’s pocket- to spend money
b) Say quickly.

c) Stay Carrot and sticks- You use both awards as well

as punishments to make someone do something.
3. My son got into Harvard last month.
Cloak and dragger- when people behave in a
a) Say
very secret manner.

b) Stay End in smoke- to bear no result.

c) Was accept to ok
Paper over the cracks- to try to hide something.
4. She got to work an hour late.
Carry coals to new castle- to take something to
a place or a person that has a lot of that thing already.
a) arrived
Cried with eyes out- cried a lot.
b) arrive

c) earn A cuckoo in the nest- someone in a group of

people but not liked by them.

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Expressions of quantity 14
14. EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

14.1. Lot of Still é usado antes do verbo ou um adjetivo.

samos as expressões de quantidade Exemplo:

U (Expressions of quantity) para falar de

quantidades. Para muitas expressões de
He is still asleep so don’t wake him up.

quantidade, a forma do verbo é determinada pelo Se o verbo tem duas partes, usamos still entre
substantivo ou pronome que segue a preposição “of”. os dois verbos.
Se a palavra some of ou most of é seguido por um
substantivo ou pronome no singular, a forma verbal é Exemplo:
singular.
When I went to bed, Angelica was still
Exemplo: working.

Some of the icing is runny. Mas se um dos verbos for negativo, usamos still
antes desse verbo negativo.
Most of the equipment was sold.
Exemplo:
A lot of e losts of podem ser usados com
substantivos contáveis e incontáveis e também são I took the clock to repair shop though it still
usados em frases positivas. isn’t working.

Exemplos:
14.3. Already
There is a lot of water in the jar.
Usamos already para nos referirmos a uma ação
She’s lots of friends in London. que aconteceu antes do esperado.

Note que, Lots of soa menos formal do que a lot É usado em frases afirmativas no presente, em
of, ambos são usados no dia a dia. frases interrogativas ou no passado, mas nunca no
futuro.
Usamos Plenty of quando queremos dizer
“bastante” no sentido de “suficiente” ou “de sobra”. Exemplos:

Plenty of pode ser usado tanto com substantivos I already know what I’m going to buy you for
contáveis quanto incontáveis. your birthday.

Have you booked a flight already?

14.2. Still
Jasmine has never asked your address yet.
Usamos still para nos referirmos a uma ação ou
uma situação que continua no presente, porque ainda Não podemos usar past simple com already,
não terminou. mas talvez você poça ouvir falantes de Inglês
americano usando already no past simple, porém
Geralmente se refere a algo que acontece mais seguido pela gramática seu uso é incorreto.
tempo do que o esperado.
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14.4. Yet It’s just not right.

Usamos yet em uma ação que esperamos que

aconteça no futuro, mas yet não é usado no passado. 14.6. Let's practice!

Quando queremos usar yet no passado, Exercise 1: Fill the gaps with already, just, still or
geralmente colocamos no final da frase ou pergunta. yet.

Exemplo: 1. Peter sends his love. I’ve ______ seen him in

the high street.
Is the report ready yet?
2. We can’t have chips again. We’ve ______ had
Também usamos yet para dizer que algo them there times this week.
esperado não aconteceu.
3. I can’t decide. I ______ haven’t made a
Exemplo: decision.

Ellen can’t go home yet, she hasn’t finished 4. I haven’t phoned Martha ______. I’ll do it when
her work. I get back from work.

Como havíamos visto antes, yet é usado em 5. Dou you know something about Mary? She’s
frases afirmativas, dando às frases um significado fine. I’ve ______ spoken to her on the phone.
semelhante ao uso de (ainda), embora isso seja mais
formal e incomum. 6. Will says he ______ this minute caught the
train so he’ll be here in half an hour.
Exemplos:
7. Have you cleaned the bathroom ______?
We have yet to hear the big news from Brazil. I’ve ______ done it. I did an hour ago.

We are still waiting to hear the big news from 8. We’re going to a concert on Friday, but we
Brazil. haven’t bought the tickets ______.

Usamos também still e yet juntos para explicar 9. I ______ haven’t booked my ticket. I must do it
porque uma ação continua. today.

Exemplo: 10. Have you seen the movie Fast &

Furious ______?
I’m still studying at university because I
haven’t graduated yet. Exercise 2: Fill the gaps with already, yet or x (if
you do not have to put either of them).
14.5. Just 1. Mary has ______ made tea for her doll and
herself ______.
O uso de just é muito simples, ou seja usamos
para expressar algo que acabou de acontecer, algo 2. Has the alarm clock ______ woken Lyle
que acabamos de fazer ou para dar ênfase em algo up ______?
que estamos dizendo.
3. The telephone has ______ rung twice
Exemplos: today ______.

Expressando algo que acabou de acontecer. 4. Father hasn’t ______ spoken to Ken ______.

I’ve just lost my keys. 5. How many flowers have

you ______ picked ______?
Para dar ênfase no que estamos dizendo.

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 6. Has Benny ______ sent a postcard to Santa something.
Claus ______?
Weight one’s word- be careful to what one says
7. Has Dick ______ told you the truth ______?
Wait for a raindrop in the drought- When
8. They haven’t ______ flown by plane ______. someone is waiting for a raindrop in the drought, they
are waiting or hoping for something that is extremely
9. Tod has ______ paid for the food ______.
unlikely to happen.
10. Have you ______ seen my wallet yet?
Walking on broken glass- When a person is
punished for something.
11. Has the minister ______ greeted us ______?
Wrench in the works- If someone puts or throws
12. I have ______ been in the theatre ______.
a wrench, or monkey wrench, in the works, they ruin a
Common expressions in English idioms. plan.

Apple of someone’s eye- someone loved very Taking to a brick wall- taking with a no
much. response.

Blow someone’s mind- excite someone. Turned a deaf ear- disregarded.

Have ants in your pants- not be able to keep Take a back seat- choose to decrease
still, because you are very excited or worried about involvement.

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 Aula
Inglês Intermediário
Verb to be 15
15. VERB TO BE

verbo to be é um dos verbos mais utilizados She is not She isn't Is she...?
O no Inglês. Para utilizarmos, precisamos
primeiro compreender o significado que a It is not It isn't Is it...?
mensagem expressa, para podermos entender o
We are not We aren't Are we...?
sentido do verbo na frase.
You are not You aren't Are you...?
Exemplos utilizando o verbo to be.
They are not They aren't Are they...?
I am not at home.

Is he a soccer player? Exemplos:

Veremos aqui o assunto do verbo to be um You are an engineer.

pouco mais aprofundado.
She is an engineer
O verbo to be (am, is , are) pode ser usado no
He is ill.
presente, passado e futuro.
We are ill.
Veja as tabelas com as conjugações:
They are ill.
Simple Present
You are not an engineer. Are you?
Afirmativa Contraída
Is she an engineer?
I am I'm
Simple future
You are They are

He is He's Afirmativa Contraída

She is She's I will be I'll be

It is It's You will be You'll be

We are We're He will be He'll be

You are You're She will be She'll be

They are They're It will be It'll be

We will be We'll be
Negativa Contraída Interrogativa You will be You'll be
I am not - Am I...? They will be They'll be
You are not You aren't Are you...?

He is not He isn't Is he...? Negativa Contraída Interrogativa

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 I will not be I won't be Will I be...? verbo to be.

You will not be You won't be Will you be...? Exemplo:

He will not be He won't be Will he be...? She’s a good speaker?

15.1. Let's practice!
She will not be She won't be Will she be...?

It will not be It won't be Will it be...? Exercise 1: Put in am/is/are.

We will not be We won't be Will we be...? 1. This soup _____ very tasty.

You will not be You won't be Will you be...? 2. John and his wife _____ from Manchester.

They will not be They won't be Will they be...? 3. The flowers are on the table.

4. They _____ tall and thin.

Exemplos:
5. We _____ happy.
We will be on vacation next month.
6. They _____ at school.
I think it will be raining tomorrow.
7. It _____ a pencil.
She will not be on vacation next month.
8. I _____ a good student.
She won’t be on vacation next month.
9. I _____ 14 years and I _____ a student at a
I will be there at eight o’clock. secondary school.

Will you be at home tomorrow evening? 10. She _____ a funny person.

Agora que você já viu as conjugações, veremos Exercise 2: Read the text and fill in the blanks
um breve resumo de como formar frases nas formas with verb to be.
afirmativa, negativa, interrogativa e contraída.
These _____ Mary and Ellen. They _____ twin
Como você deve ter notado, em frases sisters.They _____ 15 years old. They _____ both
afirmativas o verbo to be é posicionado depois do short and slim. They _____ in the same class.They
sujeito: _____ always together. They _____ from London.
Their favorite food _____ pizza and their favorite
Exemplo:
singer _____ Madonna. Mary’s hair _____ blonde
He is a good speaker. and wavy but Ellen’s hair _____ dark and
straight.Mary _____ good at English and Ellen
Em frases negativas usamos o not, após o verbo _____ good at Physic.They _____ very happy
to be. together.

Exemplo: Exercise 3: Your town. Answer these questions,

use short answers.
He is not a good speaker.
1. Is there a cinema in your town?
Na forma Interrogativa usamos o verbo to be
antes do sujeito. ___________________________________

Exemplo: ___________________________________

Is she a good speaker? ___________________________________

Podemos usar também o verbo to be na forma ___________________________________

contraída, utilizando o pronome + apóstrofo (‘) + o
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2. Is there a castle in your town? 8. Are there any skyscrapers in your town?

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

3. Is there an airport in your town? 9. Is there a sports center in your neighborhood?

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

4. Are there museums in your town? 10. Are there factories in your town?

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

5. Is there a shopping center near your home? 11. Is there a telephone box in your street?

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

6. Are there many trees in your street? 12. Is there a river?

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

___________________________________ ___________________________________

7. Are there many parks in your town? Common expressions in English idioms.

___________________________________ Having a whole of a time - to enjoy very much.

___________________________________ Bone of contention- subject matter of the fight.

___________________________________ Bring home the bacon- to earn money to live.

___________________________________ Monkey around- to waste time here and there.

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 Pass muster- to be approved. Pick someone’s brains- If you pick someone's
brains, you ask them for advice,
At the bottom of the ladder- at the lowest level.
Suggestions and information about something
Open Pandora’s box- to discover more they know about.
problems.
Pieces of the same cake- Pieces of the same
Pen is mightier than the sword- The idiom 'the
cake are things that have the same
pen is mightier than the sword' means that words and
communication are more powerful than wars and Characteristics or qualities.
fighting.

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Inglês Intermediário
Reflexive pronouns 16
16. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

s reflexive pronouns são palavras com Mesmo se tirasse Anna da sentença continuaria
O terminação self ou selves, e são usados
quando o sujeito e o objeto de uma frase são
errado, pois ainda não haveria o sujeito.

Exemplo:
os mesmos.
will conduct today’s meeting. Errado.
Exemplo:

I believe in myself. Percebemos que myself não funciona, mas se

usarmos o pronome I, seria a forma correta.
Para cada pronome pessoal existe um pronome
Exemplo:
reflexivo, como: myself, yourself, herself, itself,
ourselves, yourselves, e themselves. I will conduct today’s meeting.

Veja a tabela:
Anna and I will conduct today’s meeting.

I Myself Veja outro exemplo onde a ação do verbo recai

sobre o próprio sujeito que a pratica e concorda com
You Yourself
ele.
HE Himself
Exemplo:
She Herself
He hurt himself two weeks ago.
It Itself
Também podemos usar os reflexive pronoun para
We Ourselves dar ênfase à pessoa que pratica a ação:
You Yourselves
Exemplo:
They Themselves
I will do my homework myself.

Um dos erros mais comuns é o uso incorreto de Geralmente os reflexive pronoun são precedidos
pronomes reflexivos em assuntos compostos ou pela preposição by.
objetos compostos em uma frase.
Exemplo:
Veja um exemplo do uso errado do pronome
He likes making everything by herself.
reflexivo.
Um pronome reflexivo pode ser um objeto direto
Anna and myself will conduct today’s meeting.
em uma frase quando o sujeito e o objeto direto são o
Errado
mesmo.
Perceba que, nesta sentença, myself não
Exemplo:
funciona corretamente porque falta o sujeito. Lembre-
se que reflexive pronous são usados para indicar que Peter decided to reward Mary with dinner out.
a ação reflexiva recai sobre o próprio sujeito.

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 Peter decided to reward himself with a dinner 8. I fixed it ___________.
out.
9. Peter ___________ painted the house.
Na primeira frase, Mary é o objeto de
recompensa. Peter é o sujeito, ele é o objeto de 10. I bought ___________ a movie ticket.
recompensa na segunda frase, então usamos o
11. She did the laundry by ___________.
próprio pronome.
12. He prepared everything by ___________.
Os pronomes reflexivos também podem
desempenhar o papel de objeto indireto em uma Common expressions in English idioms.
frase.
Having a whole of a time- to enjoy very much.
Exemplo:
Bone of contention- subject matter of the fight.
Ellen pours a cup of tea for me every morning.
Bring home the bacon- to earn money to live.
Ellen pours a cup of tea for herself every
Monkey around- to waste time here and there.
morning.
16.1. Let's practice! Pass muster- to be approved.

Exercise 1: Choose the suitable reflexive At the bottom of the ladder- at the lowest level.
pronouns to complete the sentences.
Open Pandora’s box- to discover more
1. Leon threatened to kill ___________ in front of problems.
hundreds of people.
Pen is mightier than the sword- The idiom 'the
2. Don’t embarrass ___________ like that. pen is mightier than the sword' means that words and
communication are more powerful than wars and
3. She cut___________.
fighting.
4. Do journalists love ___________?
Pick someone’s brains- If you pick someone's
5. He introduced ___________ to the King. brains, you ask them for advice, suggestions and
information about something they know about.
6. He saw ___________ in the mirror.
Pieces of the same cake- Pieces of the same
7. I’m spending more on ___________ than ever cake are things that have the same
before.
Characteristics or qualities.

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 Aula
Inglês Intermediário
In case and Unless 17
17. IN CASE AND UNLESS

17.1. In case You will damage your health if you do not stop
smoking.
samos in case para falar sobre coisas que
U devemos fazer para estarmos preparados
para possíveis situações futuras. É uma
Unless também pode ser usado para apresentar
circunstâncias únicas em que um evento que está
estrutura que usamos para expressar como vamos sendo mencionado não ocorrerá, ou em que uma
tomar cuidado com a possibilidade de algo acontecer. declaração que estamos fazendo não é verdadeira.

Exemplos: Exemplos:

Take your hat in case it is sunny. (Action- Unless you are trying to lose weight to please
reason) yourself, it’s hard to stay motivated.

I put the keys here in case I forget. (Action- I’m not happy unless I ride or drive every day.
reason)
Unless sempre é usado em sentenças positivas.
Take an umbrella in case it rains. (Action- Não podemos negar uma sentença depois de
reason) unless, porque isso faria a sentença ficar duas vezes
negativa e sem sentindo.
Usar in case é bastante simples, ou seja, serve
para unir duas cláusulas do qual uma delas expressa Exemplo:
uma ação, a outra expressa o motivo.
Unless you don’t study, you will fail.
Também temos just in case que é usado sem
Se tivéssemos duas sentenças negativas em
uma cláusula seguinte, podendo expressar um ideia
ambas as cláusulas, podemos usar unless.
de precaução.
Exemplo:
Exemplos:
I am not going to worry unless she hasn’t
It’s there, just in case it happens again.
called me by midnight.
Pack a bag, just in case.
Não podemos usar unless quando estamos
falando de uma condição usando if.
17.2. Unless
Exemplo:
Usamos unless no lugar de if not. Podemos usar
If you feel ill, I can drive.
em sentenças condicionais em vez do if not.
Unless you feel ill, I can drive. (Errado)
Exemplo:

You will damage your health unless you stop

17.3. Let's practice!
smoking.

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 Exercise 1: Fill the gap in each sentence with in drive carefully.
case or unless.
4. _______ fire, press the red button.
1. _______ I hear from you, I’ll see you at 6 pm.

5. Ask for a receipt _______ you need it later.

2. Take the spare key _______ I am still out when
you get back.
6. The alarm won't work_______ you turn it on.
3. I can’t help you _______ you tell me what’s
wrong. 7. We got a second key _______ we lost the first one.

4. Don’t forget to keep the receipt_______ you

9. I’ll see you at the meeting next week _______ it's
need it later.
canceled before then.

5. I will not go to my office by my car _______ it

10. Take your vaccination certificate with
snows.
you _______ they ask for it at the airport.
6. _______ you come now, I’m going to leave
Common expressions in English idioms.
without you.

7. Take your driving license_______ you need to Stood to his guns- maintained to his opinion
rent a car.
Take the cloth- to become a priest.

8. I won’t email you _______ I have a problem. At sixes and sevens- to be lost and bewildered.

9. I walk to college _______ it’s raining.

Hit the sack- Go to sleep.
10. I put the keys here _______ I forgot.
Meet ones waterloo- meet ones final end.

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences below Make a dry face- show disappointment.
with in case or unless.
At someone’s beck and call- to be always ready
to serve.
1. Emma won't call you _______ you give her
your phone number. Bend your ears- to talk to someone for a very
long time about something boring.
2. Take a map with you _______ you can't find the
Bite your tongue- to stop yourself from saying
hotel.
something because it would be better.

3. I won't lend you my car _______ you promise to

Black and blue- full of bruises.

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Inglês Intermediário
Demonstrative pronouns 18
18. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

samos this e that para indicar objetos ou Para podermos usar a forma do plural de this e
U pessoas que estejam perto ou longe de quem
fala.
that usamos these para this e those para that.

Exemplo:
This é usado quando estamos perto do emissor.
That = those
Veja sendo usado na forma afirmativa.
That box is brown.
Exemplo:
Those boxes are brown.
This is a great game.
This = these
That é usado quando estamos perto do emissor.
Exemplos:
Exemplo:
This is absolutely delicious.
That is an old toy.
Are these your pencils here?
Veja sendo usado na forma interrogativa. 18.1. Let's practice!

Exemplo: Exercise 1: Change the following sentences from

affirmative form to interrogative form.
Is that my new cell phone?
1. This book is good.
Is this book nice?
__________________________
Veja sendo usado no passado.
__________________________
Exemplo:
__________________________
This dog was mine.
2. That girl has dolls.
Perceba que, em todas as frases this ou that
vem acompanhado do verbo to be. __________________________

Basicamente o que muda é o tempo verbal, mas __________________________

é claro que existem outras formas de usar o this e
that. __________________________

Por exemplo, quando queremos identificar um 3. This office is near the bank.
evento, conforme mencionado anteriormente.
__________________________
Exemplo:
__________________________
We were introduced at a party and after that we
__________________________
met quite often.

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 4. That is my notebook. 1. ________ are yellow pencils.

__________________________ 2. ________ is a wallet.

__________________________ 3. ________ ones are my favorite.

__________________________ 4. ________ bricks over there are for your

chimney.
5. This boy is fourteen years old.
5. ________ bottle over there is empty.
__________________________
6. ________ was a great evening.
__________________________
7. ________ photos here are much better
__________________________
than ________ photos on the book.

6. That dog is black. 8. Look at ________ newspaper.

__________________________
9. ________ years at the lake were the best times
__________________________ of my life.

10. ________ is my favorite teddy bear.

__________________________
Common expressions in English idioms.
7. That is the toy I would like to buy.

__________________________ Over the moon - being too happy.

On its last legs- in a bad condition and will not

__________________________
last long.
__________________________
Pay on the nail- If you pay on the nail, you pay
8. This is what you mean. promptly in cash.

__________________________ Snake in the shoes- to be in a state of fear.

__________________________ Talk turkey- to discuss a problem with a real

intension to solve it.
__________________________
Hang in there- Don't give up.
9. That is my favorite place.
Make a long story short- Tell something briefly.
__________________________
Showing the door- asking someone to leave.
__________________________
Song and a dance- an excuse.
__________________________
Salad days- Your salad days are.
Exercise 2: Fill the gap in each sentence with
this, that, those or these.

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 Aula
Inglês Intermediário
There is and There are 19

19. THERE IS AND THERE ARE

tilizamos there is and there are para indicar Para fazermos perguntas, basta invertermos a
U que há ou existe algo em algum lugar. ordem das palavras.

Mas há diferenças entre as duas formas, Exemplo:

there is é usado para substantivos no singular e para
coisas incontáveis. Are there some apple in the table?

Yes, there are.

Exemplo:
Para usarmos there is e there are no passado,
There is some water in the tank.
usamos there was e there were.
Também temos a forma abreviada de there is
que é there’s. Embora tenha o mesmo significado, a Exemplos:
segunda forma (abreviada) é apenas um pouco mais
There was some water in the tank.
informal.
There were some apple in the table.
Exemplo:
Forma Interrogativa.
There’s some water in the tank.
Exemplos:
Entretanto, there are é usado para substantivos
contáveis no plural. Was there some water in the tank?

Exemplo: Were there some apple in the table?

There are some apples on the table. Forma negativa.

Assim como there is, there are também possui Exemplos:

sua forma abreviada there’re.
There wasn’t some water in the tank.
Exemplo:
There weren’t some apple in the table.
There’re some apples on the table.
Usando there is e there are no futuro.
Para usarmos a negação no there is e there are,
basta mudarmos o verbo, já que there é uma junção Exemplos:
com o verbo to be.
There will be a party tomorrow.

Exemplos:
19.1. Let's practice!

There is not ou There isn’t Exercise 1: Look at the picture and complete the
text with the correct form of there is or there are.
There are not ou There aren’t

There aren’t some apple in the table.

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 5. __________ two birds in the tree? Yes, there
are.

6. There are three people in the classroom: two

students and one teacher.

7. __________ a taxi waiting for us? Yes, there is.

8. __________ any books on the table? No, there

aren’t.

9. __________ four chairs and one table in the

dining room.

Common expressions in English idioms.

1. __________ one desk for the teacher
and __________ six desks for the pupils. Get something out of your system - Do the
thing you've been wanting to do so you can move on.
2. __________ a computer for the teacher.
Give someone the benefit of the doubt - Trust
3. __________ computers for the pupils. what someone says.

4. __________ a cupboard in the classroom. Go back to the drawing board- Start over.

Exercise 2: Complete these sentences with there Pull yourself together- Calm down.
is or there are.
Miss the boat- It’s too late.
1. __________ many people standing outside the
movie theater. No pain, no gain - You have to work for what you
want.
2. __________ a big group of people looking at
things in the museum. On the ball - Doing a good job.

3. __________ a small cat playing with some Pull someone's leg - To joke with someone.
toys.
So far so good- Things are going well so far.
4. How many cups __________ ?
Speak of the devil- The person we were just
talking about showed up!

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 Aula
Inglês Intermediário
Enjoy and Like 20
20. ENJOY AND LIKE

njoy tem o mesmo significado de like, porém 20.1. Let's practice!

E ambas tem seus usos diferentes.
exemplo, não podemos dizer I enjoy him, o
Por
Exercise 1: Complete these sentences with like
certo seria I like him. Usamos enjoy para dizer que or enjoy.
gostamos de alguma coisa quando estamos
1. I very like my mother.
aproveitando, apreciando algo ou para dizer que
estamos nos divertindo, ou seja, usamos para falar de 2. I really enjoyed the party last night.
experiências.
3. I like it when you smile.
Exemplo:
4. He works in a bank, like his father.
I hope you enjoy it.
5. I hope you enjoy your trip.
Uma das regras especiais da palavra enjoy é
que, se um verbo vier após a palavra enjoy, devemos 6. Your perfume smells like flowers.
usar o ing.
7. I really enjoyed myself last night.
Exemplos:
8. I want to enjoy the rest of what I have.
You enjoy working.
9. I think she likes you.
I enjoy studying English.
10. Enjoy your breakfast.
Note que, ambas frases acima falam de
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences correctly.
experiências, mas também poderíamos usar a palavra
like, mas com o sentido mais emocional. 1. I really like myself last night.

Exemplo: ____________________________________

I like my family. ____________________________________

Na frase acima não poderíamos usar enjoy, ____________________________________

porque estamos falando de um sentido mais
emocional, por isso usamos like. Lembre-se: enjoy é 2. Like your breakfast, the woman said.
usado para falar de experiências.
____________________________________
Like tem muitos usos, também podendo ser
____________________________________
usado como preposição, mas com o sentido de
comparar alguma coisa. ____________________________________

Exemplo: 3. She’s enjoy her mother.

He’s like her father. ____________________________________

He looks like your mother. ____________________________________

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____________________________________ ____________________________________

4. Do you enjoy read magazines? ____________________________________

____________________________________ Common expressions in English idioms.

____________________________________ Run into the sand- If something runs into the

sand, it fails to achieve a result.
____________________________________
Through thick and thin- If someone supports
5. He talks enjoy his father. you through thick and thin, they support you during
good times and bad.
____________________________________

____________________________________ Vale of tears- This vale of tears is the world and

the suffering that life brings.
____________________________________
Velvet glove - This idiom is used to describe a
6. He spends money enjoy water. person who appears gentle, but is determined and.

____________________________________ Upset the apple cart- to create difficulty.

____________________________________ Under a cloud- If someone is suspected of

having done something wrong, they are under a cloud.
____________________________________
Under fire- If someone is being attacked and
7. I enjoy study English.
criticized heavily, they are under fire.

____________________________________ inflexible underneath. ('Iron fist in a velvet glove'

is the full form.)
____________________________________

____________________________________ Vent your spleen - If someone vents their

spleen, they release all their anger about something.
8. I like myself at the party.
Vicar of Bray - A person who changes their
____________________________________ beliefs and principles to stay popular with people
above them is a Vicar of Bray.
____________________________________
You can't take it with you - Enjoy life, enjoy
____________________________________ what you have and don't worry about not having a lot,
especially money...because once you're dead, 'you
9. The earth was created for us to enjoy.
can't take it with you.' For some, it means to use up all
____________________________________ you have before you die because it's no use to you
afterwards.
____________________________________
You can't teach an old dog new tricks - It is
____________________________________
difficult to make someone change the way they do
10. Let's like some fresh air while we can. something when they have been doing it the same
way for a long time.
____________________________________

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