Pashtun
 | |
| Jumlah penduduk | |
|---|---|
| 50 million[1] | |
| Kawasan ramai penduduk | |
 Pakistan | 29 million (2012)[2] |
 Afghanistan | 13 million (2012)[3] |
 Emiriah Arab Bersatu | 338,315 (2009)[4] |
 Amerika Syarikat | 138,554 (2010)[5] |
 Iran | 113,000 (1993)[6] |
 United Kingdom | 100,000 (2009)[7] |
 Jerman | 37,800 (2012)[8] |
 Kanada | [9] |
 India | 11,086 (2001)[10][11] |
 Rusia | 9,800 (2002)[12] |
 Australia | 8,154 (2006)[13] |
| Bahasa | |
| Pashto (plus second languages from countries of residence) | |
| Agama | |
| Islam (predominantly Sunni) | |
Kaum Pashtun dikenali juga sebagai 'Pashto', 'Pushtun', 'Pakhtun', 'Pathan' atau 'Paxtun'. Mereka dikenali melalui ethno-linguistik yang terdapat di timur dan selatan Afghanistan, Balochistan dan wilayah Pakistan.
Kaum Pashtun menggunakan bahasa Pashto dan bahasa Pashtunwali dan mengamalkan budaya Islam. Dari segi politik , mereka boleh bersatu. Mereka memainkan peranan penting semasa Empayar Durani pada 1747. Mereka terlibat dalam Perang Soviet di Afghanistan (1979-1989) di mana ramai yang menyertai Mujahideen. Secara keseluruhan mereka terlibat dalam jatuh dan bangunnya pejuang Taliban. Kaum pashtun juga merupakan komuniti yang penting di Pakistan.
Demografi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Majoriti Pashtun boleh ditemui di Pakistan dan Afghanistan. Lain-lain kawasan ialah di Areas Utara, Azad Kashmir dan Karachi di Pakistan sama seperti di Afghanistan. Ramai dari mereka berhijrah dan menjadi buruh di Semenanjung Arab. Budaya orang Pashtun dapat dilihat dengan jelas di Peshawar dan Kandahar. Bandar Quetta dan Kabul yang mempunyai pelbagai kaum , Pashtun menjadi penduduk majoriti. Karachi menjadi bandar berpenduduk Pashtun yang terbesar di dunia kerana 1.5 juta orang Pashtun.
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Lewis, Paul M. (2009). "Pashto, Northern". SIL International. Dallas, Texas: Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dicapai pada 2012-11-27.
Ethnic population: 49,529,000 possibly total Pashto in all countries.
- ^ "Pakistan population: 190,291,129 (July 2012 est.) [Pashtun (Pathan) 15.42%] (190,291,129 / 100 x 15.42 = 29,342,892)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). 2012. Dicapai pada 2012-11-27.
- ^ "Afghanistan population: 30,419,928 (July 2012 est.) [Pashtun 42%] (30,419,928 / 100 x 42 = 12,776,369)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). 2012. Dicapai pada 2012-11-27. Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|1=(bantuan) - ^ "United Arab Emirates: Demography" (PDF). Encyclopædia Britannica World Data. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Dicapai pada 15 March 2008.
- ^ 42% of 200,000 Afghan-Americans = 84,000 and 15% of 363,699 Pakistani-Americans = 54,554. Total Afghan and Pakistani Pashtuns in USA = 138,554.
- ^ "Ethnologue report for Southern Pashto: Iran (1993)". SIL International. Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Dicapai pada 5 May 2012.
- ^ Maclean, William (10 June 2009). "Support for Taliban dives among British Pashtuns". Reuters. Dicapai pada 6 August 2009.
- ^ Relations between Afghanistan and Germany Diarkibkan 2017-01-16 di Wayback Machine: Germany is now home to almost 90,000 people of Afghan origin. 42% of 90,000 = 37,800
- ^ "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada". 2.statcan.ca. 2006. Dicapai pada 17 April 2010.
- ^ "Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2001". Census of India. 2001. Dicapai pada 17 March 2008.
- ^ Study of the Pathan Communities in Four States of India, Khyber.org. Retrieved 30 January 2008.
- ^ Perepis.ru (in Russian)
- ^ "20680-Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex - Australia" (Microsoft Excel download). 2006 Census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Dicapai pada 2 June 2008. Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288.