CACNA1F

A gene on chromosome Xp11.23 that encodes the alpha-1F subunit of a voltage-dependent calcium channel, which mediates the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells. These channels are also involved in various calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and apoptosis. CACNA1F gives rise to long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels that belong to the high-voltage activated (HVA) group; they are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA.

Molecular pathology
Defects in CACNA1F cause Aaland Island eye disease, cone-rod dystrophy X-linked type 3, and congenital stationary night blindness type 2A.

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Condition Name Gene Location Inheritance Oculocutaneous OCA1 TYR 11q14.3 AR albinism OCA2 15q12--q13 AR OCA3 TYRP1 9p23 AR OCA4 MATP 5p13.2 AR Ocular albinism OA1 GPR143 Xp22.2 XL Aniridia AN2 PAX6 11p13 AD CSNB CSNB1 NYX Xp11.4 XL CSNB CSNB2 CACNA1F Xp11.23 XL Rod monochromacy ACHM2 CNGA3 2q11.2 AR Cone dystrophy 4 COD4 PDE6C 10q23.33 AR Blue cone monochromacy COD5 OPN1L/MW Xq28 XL Optic nerve hypoplasia PAX6 11p13 AD (septo-optic dysplasia) HESX1 3p14.3 AR Corneal opacity PAX6 11p13 AD PITX2 4q25 AD FOXC1 6p25.3 AD Congenital cataract PAX6 11p13 AD Leber's congenital LCA1- Various Various AD/R amaurosis 15 Idiopathic NYS1 FRMD7 Xq26.2 XL NYS5 Xp11.4 XL NYS2 6p12 AD NYS3 7p11.2 AD 18q23 AD Figure 3 Some associations of infantile nystagmus, from Lorenz and Gampe.