How to Add a Sql User in a Docker Container

In This Tutorial, You Will Learn:

• How to create a database in a Dockerized SQL environment.
• How to add a user to the specified SQL database.
• How to assign permissions for the created user.

Software Requirements and Linux Command Line Conventions

How to Add a SQL User in a Docker Container

This section will provide step-by-step instructions to create a database, add users, and assign permissions in different SQL environments running in Docker containers.

Example-by-Example Instructions

1. MySQL: Adding a user in a MySQL Docker container.

   # Start a MySQL container
   docker run --name mysql-container -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=yourpassword -d mysql
   
   # Access the MySQL shell
   docker exec -it mysql-container mysql -u root -p
   
   # Create a new database
   CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;
   
   # Create a new user
   CREATE USER 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';
   
   # Grant permissions to the user
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mydatabase.* TO 'myuser'@'%';
   

   In this example, we start by running a MySQL Docker container, then we create a database named mydatabase. Following that, we create a user myuser with a password and grant the user all privileges on the previously created database.

2. PostgreSQL: Adding a user in a PostgreSQL Docker container.

   # Start a PostgreSQL container
   docker run --name postgres-container -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=yourpassword -d postgres
   
   # Access the PostgreSQL shell
   docker exec -it postgres-container psql -U postgres
   
   # Create a new database
   CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;
   
   # Create a new user
   CREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD 'mypassword';
   
   # Grant permissions to the user
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE mydatabase TO myuser;
   

   For PostgreSQL, we follow a similar process as in MySQL. We start a PostgreSQL container, create a database, and then a user myuser with a password, followed by granting all privileges to that user on the designated database.

3. MSSQL: Adding a user in a Microsoft SQL Server Docker container.

   # Step 1: Start an MSSQL container as root
   docker run -e 'ACCEPT_EULA=Y' -e 'SA_PASSWORD=Str0ngP@ssw0rd!' -p 1433:1433 \
      --name mssql-container --user root -d mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:latest
   
   # Step 2: Enter the MSSQL container
   docker exec -it mssql-container bash
   
   # Step 3: Update package lists and install sqlcmd
   apt update && apt install -y sqlcmd
   
   # Step 4: Access the MSSQL shell using sqlcmd
   sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'Str0ngP@ssw0rd!'
   
   # Step 5: Create a new database
   CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;
   GO
   
   # Step 6: Create a new user with a strong password
   CREATE LOGIN myuser WITH PASSWORD = 'S3cur3P@ssword!';
   GO
   USE mydatabase;
   GO
   CREATE USER myuser FOR LOGIN myuser;
   GO
   
   # Step 7: Grant db_owner permissions to the user
   ALTER ROLE db_owner ADD MEMBER myuser;
   GO
   

   In this example, we start the MSSQL container as root, install `sqlcmd`, and then create a database, a user, and grant them db_owner role, giving full control over the database.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we covered how to add a SQL user in a Docker container for different database types including MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MSSQL. These steps will help you manage users effectively within your Dockerized database environments. Keeping user permissions minimal enhances security while providing necessary access for your applications.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Can I run multiple SQL database containers on the same machine?

   Yes, you can run multiple SQL database containers as long as each container is mapped to a unique port on the host machine.

2. Is it safe to expose my database container to the internet?

   Exposing your database container to the internet can pose security risks. It’s strongly recommended to use a firewall