Simultas
Simultas, sive bellum privatum, est extraiudiciale violentiae vel belli genus quod talionis causa inter familias, gentes, aut nationes habetur, et potest multos annos etsi saecula permanere. Saepe invenitur in societatibus debilis rectionis. Haec simultates saepe incipiunt cum singulus homo ius hominis familiae alienae violat, postquam circulus talionis incipit et mox auctus in violentiam mutuam et homicidium escalatur, et postea in bellum privatum.
Medio aevo a saeculo X usque ad XVI, dum villanagium feudalismumque in Europa patitur, simultates quam communes ac legitimae habebantur, et ius ad simultatem a legibus et traditionibus saepe et definitum et regulatum est. Tunc regimina Europaea confirmantia simultates omnino legibus votuerunt et simultates aestimationem negativam potitae sunt.
Bibliographia
recensere- Grutzpalk, Jonas. "Blood Feud and Modernity. Max Weber's and Émile Durkheim's Theory." Journal of Classical Sociology 2 (2002); p. 115–134.
- Kreuzer, Peter. 2005. "Political Clans and Violence in the Southern Philippines." Frankfurt: Peace Research Institute Frankfurt. PDF
- Torres, Wilfredo M. (ed). 2007. Rido: Clan Feuding and Conflict Management in Mindanao. Makati: The Asia Foundation. PDF
- Torres, Wilfredo M. 2010. "Letting A Thousand Flowers Bloom: Clan Conflicts and their Management." Challenges to Human Security in Complex Situations: The Case of Conflict in the Southern Philippines. Kuala Lumpur: Asian Disaster Reduction and Response Network (ADRRN). PDF
- Boehm, Christopher. 1984. Blood Revenge: The Anthropology of Feuding in Montenegro and Other Tribal Societies. Lawrence: University of Kansas. at Google Books