Lesso

n Using and Maintaining

1 Hand Tools

This lesson discusses safe lab procedures and basic safety practices
for the workplace and correct tool preparation and usage. The guidelines
presented help keep you safe in handling and storing of the tools.

What’s In
This module contains information and suggested learning
activities on Computer Systems Servicing NCII. It includes
learning materials and activities for you to accomplish and
complete.

Completion of this module will help you better

understand the succeeding module on the use of Hand Tools.

Notes to the Teacher

Before the discussion, a video presentation about computer
system servicing can be shown. During the discussion of this
lesson, teacher must ready a video presentation of hand tools
and its function as an additional learning material.
YouTube link:
Leave this blank for the meantime, maubra kita ka video kaja
maam. - NOTED

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 What’s New
In every task there is the right tool. You must make
sure that you are familiar with the correct use of each
tool and that the correct tool is used for the current task.
Skilled use of tools makes the job less difficult and
ensures that tasks are performed properly and safely.

TECHNICAL TERMS
AC power- alternating current
Accidental- adj. happening by chance
Acetylene-
Compartmentalized- adj. a separate section or categories
Computer- machine- capable of accepting information, processing the
information and supplying results in desired form.
Contaminants-v. to make impure by contact
Electronics- Pertaining to electron
Electrostatic-
Explosive- tending to explode
Flammable- to burst out quickly
Hazards- n. risk, danger
Malfunction-
Obstructions- something in a way
PPE- Personal Protective Equipment
Technician- an engineering assistant
Tool kit- a small bag or box equipped with hand tools
Trouble shooting- locating and repairing faults in equipment after they
have occurred.
Unusual- adj. not in common use, rare; beyond the ordinary
VOM- Volt- Ohms millimeter
Well- equipped- complete with necessary parts/ component

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 What is It

Using tools properly helps prevent accidents and damage to equipment

and people. This section describes and covers the proper use of a variety of
hardware, software, and organizational tools specific to working with computers
and peripherals.

Learning Outcome #01: Plan and Prepare Tasks to be Undertaken

Assessment Criteria:

1. Tasks to be undertaken are properly identified.

2. Appropriate hand tools are identified according to the task
requirements.
3. Selection of tools according to the task requirements

PLAN AND PREPARE TASKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN

Planning, as defined in the dictionary, is an act of formulating a specific

system for a definite course of action. It is a very essential part of whatever task
there is that needs to be undertaken as it aids one in preparing for the tools/
materials to be used, lets one project the possible scenarios that may arise (such
as loose or damage to the tools).

This lesson aims to discuss the proper steps in planning and preparing for the
specific tasks to be undertaken.

Planning is a process of preparing for change and development and for

deciding how to best manage or influence those changes. Planning is also
directed at resolving specific problem issues or conflicts.

A Guide to Plan Preparation

The Policy background to Plan Preparation

Assessment- Students need to be aware of internal and external risk

factors and the consequences of any damage/ failure on their hand tools.

Prevention- The student should identify which hand tools is damaged.

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 Preparation of plans- A plan will be required to be realistic, flexible and
meet all the assessed needs of a student at the same time the hand tools
itself and the likely needs of recipients of the emergency response.

Education- Anyone involved to any extent in an emergency plan should

be aware of his role and be given the opportunity to practice actually
doing it.

Testing / Exercising- Any plan must be tested to ensure that it

encompasses all the outcomes of known or reasonably foreseeable risks
and that it would be effective in providing a sufficient and timely response.

Review- There are a number of circumstances in which a plan may need

to be reviewed. Following any test of a plan, or its use in an emergency
situation, it is important to analyze
whether the planned response
was fully effective.

Response- The student should

respond to incidents as part of
their core activities. Others
may only very occasionally be asked
to provide an emergency response.

Safety and Risk

An emergency situation does absolve teachers and students from their

responsibilities, for their health and safety. All emergency plans should therefore
take account of the need to maintain the highest possible standards of safety.

List of Tasks to Be Undertaken

Most efforts to develop identification aids start and end with the
recognition key and its computer spin-offs, there are many other
identification tasks, starting with the most commonly used: instant
recognition. Here is a preliminary list of identification tasks:

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 Each is briefly described below, including a definition taken from
Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

Recognition
"The identification of something as being of a certain kind"

Elimination
"To leave out of consideration"

Comparison
"The act of considering the relation between things in order to estimate
their similarities or differences"

Selection
"To choose in preference of others"
Selection is the opposite of elimination.

Time Scheduling Suggestions

Time scheduling will not make you a perfectly efficient person. Very
few people can rigorously keep a detailed schedule day after day over a
long period of time. In fact, many students who draw up a study schedule
and find themselves unable to stick to it become impatient and often give
up the scheduling idea completely.

The following method of organizing time has been helpful to many

students and does not take much time. It is more flexible than many
methods and helps the student to establish long term, intermediate, and
short term time goals.

Intermediate Schedule - One per week

CARRY THIS CARD WITH YOU and cross out each item as you
accomplish it. Writing down things in this manner not only forces you to
plan your time but in effect causes you to make a promise to yourself to
do what you have written down

Sample only

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 PREPARING HAND TOOLS

Before you do any repair work on your PC—in fact, before you even think
about taking off the cover of your computer we recommend that you furnish
yourself with a computer tool kit. In computer application, the usage of proper
hand tools and equipment is very essential. A good troubleshooter must be
knowledgeable in the tools and equipment.

HAND TOOLS

Side Cutter Pliers – a tool used for cutting or trimming of

connecting wires or terminal leads in the circuit board

Long nose Pliers – Used for holding, bending and stretching

the lead of electronics component or connecting wire.

Crimping Tool- a tool made of metal with plastic-rubber

handle, to press into small folds, to frill, to corrugate.

Tweezers- a tool use to hold small sensitive part of a computer.

Cutter- a tool used in cutting wires.

Flat Screw Driver – a tool used to drive or fasten

negative slotted screws

Philips Screw Driver- a tool used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws

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 Flashlight- a small electric light, a flash of electric light used
to give light in dark conditions.

Paint Brush- a device made of bristles set in handle, use for cleaning sensitive
parts of a computer.

Magnifying glass- a device made in glass with handle, to

exaggerate or to increase the apparent size of an object.

Volt-Ohms-Millimeter (VOM) - A measuring instrument

used by technician for measuring: current, voltage, resistance

LAN Tester- is a device used to test the network connection.

Anti--Static Wrist wrap- is a device used to

eliminate electrostatic discharge in your work
area.

Soldering Pencil – a tool used to join two or more metal

conductors with the support of soldering lead melted around it.

Desoldering Tool – a tool used to unsoldered

unwanted parts or component in the circuit with the
support of soldering pencil

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 Unsafe or Faulty Tools

Hand Tools include a wide variety of non-powered devices such as

wrenches, pliers, hammers, and screwdrivers. These tools may seem harmless,
but they are the cause of many injuries. The Following are the summary of
safety practices related to hand tools.

General hazards:

 The two most common hazards associated with the use of Hand Tools are
misuse and improper maintenance.
 Misuse occurs when a hand tool is used for something other than its
intended purpose. (An example would be using screwdriver as a chisel.
This may cause the tip to break and strike someone).
 Improper maintenance allows hand tools to deteriorate into an unsafe
condition. (Example would include cracked wooden handles that allow the
tool head to fly off or mushroomed heads that can shatter upon impact.
 Specially designed tools may be needed in hazardous environments.
(Always use non-sparking tools in the presence of flammable vapors and
dusts. Insulated tools with appropriate ratings must be used for electrical
work).

Personal Protective Equipment:

 The type of PPE needed when using tools depends on the nature of the
tank. At a minimum, eye protection should always be worn.
 The use of hand protection may also be appropriate to provide protection
against cuts, abrasion, and repeated impact.

Pliers:

 Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage. Use a
larger pair of pliers or bolt cutters.
 Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers
cannot grip these items properly and will slip.
 Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result
in cracks or breaks.
 Cut hardened wire only with pliers designed for that purpose.
 Always cut a right angle. Never rock from side to side or bend wire back
and forth against the cutting edges.

Screwdrivers:

 Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper.
 Always use screwdriver tip that properly fits the slot of the screw.
 Throw away screwdrivers with broken or worn handles.
 Use magnetic or screw-holding screwdrivers to start fasteners in tight
areas.

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  Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or
screwdrivers specifically designed to accept them.

Utility Knives/ Blades:

 Always use a sharp blade. Dull blades require more force and thus are
more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear” instead of
cut.
 Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed. Consider using a
self-retracted knife with a spring-loaded black. (The blade will retract
when pressure as the knife is released.
 Keep your free hand away from the line of the cut.
 Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or
pay loose objects. Blades are brittle and can snap easily.

USE APPROPRIATE HAND TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT

Personal safety

Whenever you perform a task in the workshop you must use personal
protective clothing and equipment (PPE) that is appropriate for the task and
which conforms to your local safety regulations and policies. Among other items,
this may include:

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Point to note:

If you’re not certain what are appropriate or required, ask your teacher

Safety check

- Do not use flammable cleaners or water on electrical equipment.

- Make sure designated walkways are kept clear of any obstructions.
- Always wear protective clothing and the appropriate safety equipment.
- Make sure that you understand and observe all legislative and personal
safety procedures when carrying out the following tasks.

Point to note:

If you are unsure of what these are, ask your teacher.

Safety Procedure
In many types of work, hand tools are used every day. They make work
easier and allow people to be more efficient. However, many students often fail
to see the hazards these tools can present. In this module "Hand Tool Safety"
shows workers how accidents can be significantly reduced and reviews the
various hazards that are associated with specific types of tools.

Safety Requirements

For your protection, observe the following safety requirements:

• Follow all cautions, warnings, and instructions marked on the equipment.

• Ensure that the voltage and frequency rating of the power outlet matches

the electrical rating labels on the system.

•Use properly grounded power outlets

Safety Precautions

To protect both yourself and the equipment, observe the safety

precautions

TOOLS UNSAFE DO’S & DON’TS IN USING

EXPERIENCE TOOLS
AC power cord Grounding Unplug the AC cord from the
electric EC wall socket before working
on the power supply.
Wrist strap Discharge (ESD) Wear a wrist strap when
electrostatic handling printed.
Printed circuit Illustrated parts Handle a printed circuit
boards breakdown board by the edges
Cover System Overheating Replace the cover after
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performing service on the
system
 MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS

To avoid accidents in the work place resulting from the incorrect use of
hand tools, it will be important that you understand the proper use of your items.
Have your group discuss your concerns about the dangers involved in using hand
tools. During the discussion, each member is reminded of correct methods in
manipulating hand tools. During the session, every member practices the correct
methods in manipulating hand tools. It is important that everyone has an
opportunity to use tools in the practice session. The group leader should prepare
in

Proper Use, Maintenance and Storage Tools

The use of safety hand tools should be a key component of most industrial
safety programs. An understanding of the hand tool’s intended use and
environment, combined with proper tool selection, maintenance and storage, will
greatly reduce the risk of harmful accidents.

The following common-sense guidelines for Tool Use, Maintenance and

Storage:

 Keep hand tools clean and free from ferrous or other contaminants.
 Do not use hand tools in direct contact with acetylene,
due to the possible formation of explosive acetyl ides,
especially in the presence of moisture.
 During normal use, all pliers and screwdrivers will
progressively develop some damage to the striking faces
of screwdrivers or the cutting edge and striking end of
pliers. As part of the normal operating and safety
procedures, these tools should be returned to the workshop, as with steel
tools, to have the faces and heads redressed. This is essential to prevent
eye damage resulting from chips detaching from the item during use.
 Do not hand tools fitted with wooden handles in places where the handles
may dry out and shrink. This will increase the risk of the handle breaking or
the head becoming loose.
 Tools are designed for specific use. As with any tool.
In addition to the probability that the tool will be
damaged, this is a dangerous practice for the safety
of the operator.
 The accepted standards of safety and maintenance
for common steel hand tools must also be adopted
with non-sparking hand tools, in addition to any specific recommendations
resulting from the alloys used.

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 Point to note:  When sharpening hand tools, follow normal safety
procedures, such as the provision of eye and face protection,
adequate extraction and dust collecting facilities.

Clean tools and equipment work more efficiently. At the end of each
working day clean the tools and equipment you used and check them for
any damage. If you note and damage, tag the tool as faulty and organize a repair or
replacement.

Electrical current can travel over oily or greasy surfaces. Keep

electrical power hand tools free from dust and dirt and make sure
they are free of oil and grease.

All workshop hand tools and equipment should have

maintenance schedule. Always complete the tasks
described on the schedule at the required time. This will help
to keep the hand tools in safe working order.

Store commonly used hand tools in an easy-to-reach location. If a tool or a piece

is too difficult to return, it could be left on a workbench or on the floor where it
will become a safety hazard. Keep your work area tidy. This will help you work
more efficiently and safely.

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 What’s More

Activity 1
Choose one (1) PPE and make a video of yourself demonstrating the step on how
wear the chosen Personal Clothing and Equipment (PPE). Mention the importance

1. Work clothing-
a. coverall/apron

b. rubber shoes

2. Eye protection-
a. Goggles

3. Hand protection-
a. Gloves

Criteria:

Directions: The student will be evaluating thru the given criteria:

Accuracy/Correctness: 40%
Delivery/Content: 30%
Video Presentation: 30%
Total 100%

Activity 2
Direction: Answer the following briefly.

1. What appropriate action should be done if the hand tool is damaged?

2. If the screwdriver is oily or greasy, what is the proper thing to do?

3. You are working in an untidy work station, what will you do?

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 What
I
Have
Lear
ned
Some of the important concepts to remember
from this lesson:

 Plan and prepare the task to be undertaken

 Work in a safe manner to protect users and equipment.
 Follow all safety guidelines to prevent injuries to yourself and
others.
 Know how to protect equipment from ESD damage.
 Be able to use the correct tools for the task.
 Know how to clean components safely.
 Use organizational tools during computer repairs.

What I Can Do

Look for the tools you have at home. Classify the category they belong (hand
tools, diagnostic tools, cleaning tools, ESD Tools). Tell whether the particular tool
can be used in computer servicing/repair. (First 2 items are done for you)

Name of Category May be used Uses

tool for computer
repair

Yes No

Broom Cleaning /
Tools

Philip Hand Tools / used to loosen or tighten

Screw cross-head screws.
Driver

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 Assessment

A. Matching Type: Match the Hand Tools in Column A with its

function in Column B. Write your
answer in sheet of paper.

Column A
Column B

__________1. a tool used

to hold small sensitive
part of a computer.

__________2. a tool used

for holding, bending
and stretching the lead
of electronics.

__________3. a tool used

to unsoldered
unwanted parts of
component

__________4. a tool used

to drive or fasten
negative slotted
screws.

__________5. a tool used

to join two or more
metal conductors with
the support of soldering
lead.

__________6. a device
used to exaggerate or
to increase the size of
an object.

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 __________7. a tool used to press into small folds, to frill
to corrugate.

__________8. a tool used for cutting wires.

__________9. a tool for cutting or trimming of

connecting wires.

__________10. it absorbs the static electricity of the material when being hold.

B. Directions: Fill
in the blanks
with the
correct answer
from the pool
below.

1. If you experienced the grounding, the __________ should be unplugged.

2. Replace the cover after performing service on the __________.

3. When the cover system is damaged __________ is likely to happen.

4. You are working on a computer with damaged insulation, you will likely to
experience __________.

5. You should wear a __________ when handling printers circuit boards.

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 C. Use the letter of the correct answer.

1. Keep hand tools clean and free from _____ and _____.

a. dirt and dust c. water and soda

b. ferrous and other contaminants d. none of the above
2. Do not use hand tools in direct contact with _________, due to the possible
formation of explosive acetyl ides, especially the presence of moisture.

a. acetone c. alcohol
b. acetylene d. none of the above

3. If you used a damage hand tool, what will you do?

a. tag a tool c. put in a trash can

b. don’t use it d. none of the above

1. As part of the normal operating and safety procedure, these tools should be
returned to the __________.
a. bedroom c. workshop
b. office d. none of the above

2. When sharpening hand tools, follow normal _____ procedure.

a. friendly c. safety
b. common d. unsafe

Additional Activities

(Differentiated Instruction)

Group yourselves according to your interest (ex. Singing, dancing, role

playing, rap etc.) Present a tip on how to prevent accidents while using hand
tools. Find a means to collaborate with your groupmates of your presentation.
Strictly, no face to face.

Answer Key

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 A
C. B.
1. e 6. j
1. B 1. AC Power
2. d 7. I
2. B cord
3. A 2. Cover 3. c 8. H
4. C System 4. b 9. g
5. C 3. Overheating
4. Electric 5. a 10. F
shock
5. Wrist strap

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References

 Mc Laughlin, Robert, Sasser, Susan Ralston, Fix your own PC.

Philippines Graphics Arts, Inc., Tandang Sora St., Caloocan City
 Legaspi, Carlos, Caina, Mark Anthony Operate A Personal
Computer. Dasmarinas Computer Learning Center.
 http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/OHS/default.htm
 http://www.MARCOM’S.
 Philippines Graphics Arts, Inc., Tandang Sora St., Caloocan City
 Dasmarinas Computer Learning Center.

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(All Parts from Section 1 will be followed)