American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, Jan 23, 2018
This case report involves a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 who und... more This case report involves a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 who underwent nighttime mechanical ventilation with bi-level positive airway pressure. The oral examination revealed restricted mouth opening, lip interposition, dental crowding and maxillary compression. After maxillary expansion the upper airway volume increased 18.6%; 13 episodes of airway infections (20 days of hospitalization) were recorded in the 2 years prior to the maxillary expansion and only 4 episodes (no hospital admissions) in the 2 subsequent years. In conclusion, maxillary expansion in children with systemic disease that involves respiratory impairment may, in some cases, provide functional and clinical improvements, increase upper airway airflows and possibly decrease the number of respiratory infections.
Studies on dental plaque removal by chewing an apple are scarce and dated, with conflicting findi... more Studies on dental plaque removal by chewing an apple are scarce and dated, with conflicting findings. This study aimed to determine whether chewing an apple produced mechanical removal of dental plaque or had any effect on salivary bacterial viability. The study group consisted of 20 healthy adults with good oral health status who were randomly assigned to brush their teeth or eat an apple. After 2 weeks, the experiment was repeated with the order reversed. Plaque index (PI) and the bacterial viability (BV) in a sample of whole saliva (spit) were determined before brushing or apple eating (baseline, B), immediately afterward (A) and 24 hours afterward (24). After chewing an apple, PI-A was significantly higher than both PI-B (P < .001) and PI-24 (P < .001). BV-A was significantly lower than BV-B (P < .001), with a return to baseline values at the BV-24 measurement. Chewing an apple does not remove dental plaque, and may favor plaque regrowth during the first 24 hours, but i...
Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of orthodontic treatment with ... more Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket dental appliances (FMAs) in patients with Down syndrome (DS). Methods The study sample was formed of 25 patients with DS who underwent orthodontic treatment with FMAs. Dental and skeletal characteristics, aspects of FMA treatment, retainer use and recurrences were analyzed. Results were compared with a control group of healthy, age-, sex- and PAR index-matched individuals. Results All the controls underwent a single desensitization session, whereas 2-3 sessions were necessary in 11 patients with DS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). All the controls underwent bimaxillary treatment, compared with 11 patients with DS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Only 8 patients with DS wore intermaxillary elastics, compared with 19 controls (p = 0.004). Complications were more common in patients with DS than in controls (p = 0.003), due particularly to traumatic ulcers development. There were more failures during the maintenance phase in patients with DS than in controls (p = 0.001). The mean duration of treatment was 37 months in patients with DS and 23 months in controls. More cemented retainers were used in the controls than in patients with DS (p = 0.050). Conclusions It is possible to perform orthodontic treatment with FMAs in patients with DS, although treatment may take longer than usual and the frequency of complications is higher than in controls. Implications for Rehabilitation Certain dental characteristics of Down syndrome (DS) make these children firm candidates for orthodontic intervention. There is little literature available on orthodontic treatment in patients with DS, particularly with regard to the use of fixed appliances. This case-control study shows that it is possible to perform orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adequately selected patients with DS. However, in patients with DS orthodontic treatment may take longer than usual and the frequency of complications is higher than in the general population.
Objectives: To analyze the influence of volume, duration and concentration on the in vivo antimic... more Objectives: To analyze the influence of volume, duration and concentration on the in vivo antimicrobial activity of a 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate mouthrinse on the salivary flora up to 7 hours after its application, using an epifluorescence microscopy technique with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight dual staining. Methods: Ten volunteers performed the following mouthrinses (with a washout period of 2 weeks in between): 0.12% CHX (10 ml/30 sec, 15 ml/30 sec and 10 ml/1 min); 0.2% CHX (10 ml/30 sec, 15 ml/30 sec and 10 ml/1 min). Samples of saliva were taken at 30 seconds and 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after each application. The analysis was performed with an Olympus BX51 microscope and a set of filters for fluorescein and Texas Red. The mean percentage of viable bacteria was calculated for each saliva sample. Results: The bacterial viability under basal conditions was 89-92%. On comparing 0.12% CHX (10 ml vs 15 ml), the greatest differences in bacterial viability were detected at 1 h and 3 h...
... I. TOMÁS CARMONA ET AL PAUTAS DE PROFILAXIS ANTIBIÓTICA EN LA ENDOCARDITIS ... nella pratica... more ... I. TOMÁS CARMONA ET AL PAUTAS DE PROFILAXIS ANTIBIÓTICA EN LA ENDOCARDITIS ... nella pratica odontostomatologica: recenti controversie e modalita di applicazione dell profilassiantibiotica. ... 22. López A, González E. Profilaxis de la endocarditis bacteriana en pa ...
Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal, 2007
To evaluate the oral health status of patients with moderate-severe chronic renal failure (CRF) a... more To evaluate the oral health status of patients with moderate-severe chronic renal failure (CRF) and with terminal renal failure (TRF). The study group was formed of 50 patients: 22 (44%) with moderate-severe CRF and 28 (56%) with TRF included in a haemodialysis programme. The controls (n=64) presented similar characteristics with regard to sex, age, weight and educational level. A single dentist performed an intraoral examination on all the subjects, gathering information on: number of decayed, missing or filled teeth; supragingival plaque accumulation; calculus deposits; periodontal pockets in the Ramfjord teeth; and depth of loss of insertion. No significant differences were detected in the values of the DMF index between the two groups. The mean number of decayed teeth was lower in the patients than in the controls, showing a tendency to statistical significance (p=0.052). The mean number of missing teeth was higher in the patients than in the controls (p=0.002). Twelve patients ...
Diagnostic delays in oral cancer have been classified as &quot;patient delay&quot; and &a... more Diagnostic delays in oral cancer have been classified as &quot;patient delay&quot; and &quot;delay by the clinicians&quot;. However, the influence of the accessibility (scheduling delay) to the health care system in oral cancer diagnosis has not been studied before. To assess scheduling delay, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was designed. This study was based upon role-play telephone conversations with two standardised patients (lingual ulceration-SP1 and patient seeking fixed prosthodontics-SP2). that followed a structured script. The variables considered in the study were days to go until the arranged appointment, professional degree of the contacted person and referral to other provider of care. The scheduling delay for SP1 reached a median value of 1 day, and for SP2 was 6 days. When the professional degree (receptionist vs GDP) of the person arranging the appointment for the patient with lingual ulceration was considered, the scheduling delay was significantly shorter when the appointment was fixed by the GDP (X approximately i-X approximately j=4.5; 95%CI=-7.48,-1.51). GDPs gave priority to the patients with lingual ulcerations over those demanding fixed bridgework (X approximately i-X approximately j=6.48; 95%CI=-9.46,-3.50). The GDPs showed a high level of awareness of the oral cancer, however, educational interventions seem to be necessary for dental surgery receptionists.
To evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (CHX) in saliva 7 h after its app... more To evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (CHX) in saliva 7 h after its application using an epifluorescence microscopy technique. Fifteen volunteers performed a single mouthrinse with sterile water (SM-water) and with 0.2% CHX (SM-0.2% CHX). Saliva samples were taken at 30 s and 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after each application. The bacterial suspension was mixed with the SYTO 9/propidium iodide staining and observed using an Olympus BX51 microscope. The mean percentage of viable bacteria was calculated for each sample. In comparison with baseline values, the frequency of viable bacteria decreased significantly at 30 s after the SM-0.2% CHX (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) and presented significant antibacterial activity up to 7 h after the mouthrinse (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). In comparison with SM-water, the prevalence of viable bacteria was significantly lower at 30 s after the SM-0.2% CHX (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) and showed a significant antibacterial effect up to 7 h after the mouthrinse (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Epifluorescence microscopy permits evaluating the antimicrobial activity of CHX on the salivary flora in real-time. Fluorescence assays could be particularly useful to analyse simultaneously the effect of antimicrobials that alter the cytoplasmic membrane integrity on different oral ecosystems.
Obligate anaerobes are closely involved in the pathogenesis of oral and focal infections. The obj... more Obligate anaerobes are closely involved in the pathogenesis of oral and focal infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility profiles of obligate anaerobes of oral origin to telithromycin (TLM), moxifloxacin (MXF), and other antibiotics that are commonly used in dentistry. The study sample comprised 172 obligate anaerobes isolated from the saliva of 43 adult volunteers. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the agar dilution technique in Brucella agar medium supplemented with vitamin K, haemin and 5% (volume/volume) laked sheep blood, and incubated under anaerobic conditions. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methodology was followed and its criteria were used for the qualitative interpretation of the results. The antibiotics evaluated were: amoxicillin (AMX), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMX-CLA), clindamycin (CM), metronidazole (MTZ), azithromycin (AZM), TLM and MXF. Resistance to AMX (MIC(90) &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or = 16 mg/l) was observed in 45.3% of the obligate anaerobes and resistance to CM (MIC(90) &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or = 16 mg/l) was found in 18.6%. All the isolates were sensitive to MTZ (MIC(90) = 1 mg/l) and 98.8% were sensitive to AMX-CLA (MIC(90) = 2 mg/l). The MIC(90) values for AZM, TLM and MXF were &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =16, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =8 and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =2 mg/l, respectively. Pathogenic, opportunistic and non-pathogenic obligate anaerobes showed high percentages of resistance to AMX and CM, and high MIC values for AZM in the absence of recently administered antibiotics. MXF showed a higher activity than TLM, similar to that detected for AMX-CLA and MTZ. In consequence, MXF could represent a possible alternative antimicrobial against obligate anaerobes of oral origin, particularly in those patients with allergy, intolerance or lack of response to AMX-CLA or MTZ.
Erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci are often responsible of bacteremias following denta... more Erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci are often responsible of bacteremias following dental manipulations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of telithromycin against erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci. Venous blood samples were collected from 84 patients, 30 s after dental extractions. Viridans streptococci were identified by conventional microbiological techniques. A set of 36 viridans streptococci were selected to investigate the in vitro activity of telithromycin by the agar dilution method. Macrolide resistance genes were amplified with specific primers for the mefA and ermB genes and visualized by electrophoresis. For erythromycin-susceptible viridans streptococci, telithromycin minimal inhibitory concentration90 (MIC90) was &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.008 microg/ml. For erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci, telithromycin MIC90 was 1 microg/ml. The MIC90 to telithromycin of the mefA-positive and ermB-negative viridans streptococci was lower than that of the mefA-negative and ermB-positive viridans streptococci (0.128 microg/ml versus 1 microg/ml). The in vitro activity of telithromycin was high, irrespective of the erythromycin susceptibility and the mechanism of erythromycin resistance identified.
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2007
Objective. To investigate the prevalence, duration, and etiology of bacteremia following dental e... more Objective. To investigate the prevalence, duration, and etiology of bacteremia following dental extractions performed after a single administration of Chlorhexidine mouthwash. Design and Setting. A randomized, controlled trial performed in a university hospital. Methods. A series of 106 patients with mental and behavioral disabilities who underwent dental extractions under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to a control group or Chlorhexidine group. The exclusion criteria applied were use of antibiotics in the previous 3 months, use of oral antiseptics, any type of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, and disease that predisposes the patient to infections or bleeding. The Chlorhexidine group had 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash administered for 30 seconds before any dental manipulation. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 30 seconds, 15 minutes, and 1 hour after the dental extractions. Subculture and further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conv...
American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, Jan 23, 2018
This case report involves a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 who und... more This case report involves a 10-year-old boy diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 who underwent nighttime mechanical ventilation with bi-level positive airway pressure. The oral examination revealed restricted mouth opening, lip interposition, dental crowding and maxillary compression. After maxillary expansion the upper airway volume increased 18.6%; 13 episodes of airway infections (20 days of hospitalization) were recorded in the 2 years prior to the maxillary expansion and only 4 episodes (no hospital admissions) in the 2 subsequent years. In conclusion, maxillary expansion in children with systemic disease that involves respiratory impairment may, in some cases, provide functional and clinical improvements, increase upper airway airflows and possibly decrease the number of respiratory infections.
Studies on dental plaque removal by chewing an apple are scarce and dated, with conflicting findi... more Studies on dental plaque removal by chewing an apple are scarce and dated, with conflicting findings. This study aimed to determine whether chewing an apple produced mechanical removal of dental plaque or had any effect on salivary bacterial viability. The study group consisted of 20 healthy adults with good oral health status who were randomly assigned to brush their teeth or eat an apple. After 2 weeks, the experiment was repeated with the order reversed. Plaque index (PI) and the bacterial viability (BV) in a sample of whole saliva (spit) were determined before brushing or apple eating (baseline, B), immediately afterward (A) and 24 hours afterward (24). After chewing an apple, PI-A was significantly higher than both PI-B (P < .001) and PI-24 (P < .001). BV-A was significantly lower than BV-B (P < .001), with a return to baseline values at the BV-24 measurement. Chewing an apple does not remove dental plaque, and may favor plaque regrowth during the first 24 hours, but i...
Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of orthodontic treatment with ... more Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket dental appliances (FMAs) in patients with Down syndrome (DS). Methods The study sample was formed of 25 patients with DS who underwent orthodontic treatment with FMAs. Dental and skeletal characteristics, aspects of FMA treatment, retainer use and recurrences were analyzed. Results were compared with a control group of healthy, age-, sex- and PAR index-matched individuals. Results All the controls underwent a single desensitization session, whereas 2-3 sessions were necessary in 11 patients with DS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). All the controls underwent bimaxillary treatment, compared with 11 patients with DS (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Only 8 patients with DS wore intermaxillary elastics, compared with 19 controls (p = 0.004). Complications were more common in patients with DS than in controls (p = 0.003), due particularly to traumatic ulcers development. There were more failures during the maintenance phase in patients with DS than in controls (p = 0.001). The mean duration of treatment was 37 months in patients with DS and 23 months in controls. More cemented retainers were used in the controls than in patients with DS (p = 0.050). Conclusions It is possible to perform orthodontic treatment with FMAs in patients with DS, although treatment may take longer than usual and the frequency of complications is higher than in controls. Implications for Rehabilitation Certain dental characteristics of Down syndrome (DS) make these children firm candidates for orthodontic intervention. There is little literature available on orthodontic treatment in patients with DS, particularly with regard to the use of fixed appliances. This case-control study shows that it is possible to perform orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adequately selected patients with DS. However, in patients with DS orthodontic treatment may take longer than usual and the frequency of complications is higher than in the general population.
Objectives: To analyze the influence of volume, duration and concentration on the in vivo antimic... more Objectives: To analyze the influence of volume, duration and concentration on the in vivo antimicrobial activity of a 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate mouthrinse on the salivary flora up to 7 hours after its application, using an epifluorescence microscopy technique with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight dual staining. Methods: Ten volunteers performed the following mouthrinses (with a washout period of 2 weeks in between): 0.12% CHX (10 ml/30 sec, 15 ml/30 sec and 10 ml/1 min); 0.2% CHX (10 ml/30 sec, 15 ml/30 sec and 10 ml/1 min). Samples of saliva were taken at 30 seconds and 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after each application. The analysis was performed with an Olympus BX51 microscope and a set of filters for fluorescein and Texas Red. The mean percentage of viable bacteria was calculated for each saliva sample. Results: The bacterial viability under basal conditions was 89-92%. On comparing 0.12% CHX (10 ml vs 15 ml), the greatest differences in bacterial viability were detected at 1 h and 3 h...
... I. TOMÁS CARMONA ET AL PAUTAS DE PROFILAXIS ANTIBIÓTICA EN LA ENDOCARDITIS ... nella pratica... more ... I. TOMÁS CARMONA ET AL PAUTAS DE PROFILAXIS ANTIBIÓTICA EN LA ENDOCARDITIS ... nella pratica odontostomatologica: recenti controversie e modalita di applicazione dell profilassiantibiotica. ... 22. López A, González E. Profilaxis de la endocarditis bacteriana en pa ...
Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal, 2007
To evaluate the oral health status of patients with moderate-severe chronic renal failure (CRF) a... more To evaluate the oral health status of patients with moderate-severe chronic renal failure (CRF) and with terminal renal failure (TRF). The study group was formed of 50 patients: 22 (44%) with moderate-severe CRF and 28 (56%) with TRF included in a haemodialysis programme. The controls (n=64) presented similar characteristics with regard to sex, age, weight and educational level. A single dentist performed an intraoral examination on all the subjects, gathering information on: number of decayed, missing or filled teeth; supragingival plaque accumulation; calculus deposits; periodontal pockets in the Ramfjord teeth; and depth of loss of insertion. No significant differences were detected in the values of the DMF index between the two groups. The mean number of decayed teeth was lower in the patients than in the controls, showing a tendency to statistical significance (p=0.052). The mean number of missing teeth was higher in the patients than in the controls (p=0.002). Twelve patients ...
Diagnostic delays in oral cancer have been classified as &quot;patient delay&quot; and &a... more Diagnostic delays in oral cancer have been classified as &quot;patient delay&quot; and &quot;delay by the clinicians&quot;. However, the influence of the accessibility (scheduling delay) to the health care system in oral cancer diagnosis has not been studied before. To assess scheduling delay, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was designed. This study was based upon role-play telephone conversations with two standardised patients (lingual ulceration-SP1 and patient seeking fixed prosthodontics-SP2). that followed a structured script. The variables considered in the study were days to go until the arranged appointment, professional degree of the contacted person and referral to other provider of care. The scheduling delay for SP1 reached a median value of 1 day, and for SP2 was 6 days. When the professional degree (receptionist vs GDP) of the person arranging the appointment for the patient with lingual ulceration was considered, the scheduling delay was significantly shorter when the appointment was fixed by the GDP (X approximately i-X approximately j=4.5; 95%CI=-7.48,-1.51). GDPs gave priority to the patients with lingual ulcerations over those demanding fixed bridgework (X approximately i-X approximately j=6.48; 95%CI=-9.46,-3.50). The GDPs showed a high level of awareness of the oral cancer, however, educational interventions seem to be necessary for dental surgery receptionists.
To evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (CHX) in saliva 7 h after its app... more To evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine (CHX) in saliva 7 h after its application using an epifluorescence microscopy technique. Fifteen volunteers performed a single mouthrinse with sterile water (SM-water) and with 0.2% CHX (SM-0.2% CHX). Saliva samples were taken at 30 s and 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after each application. The bacterial suspension was mixed with the SYTO 9/propidium iodide staining and observed using an Olympus BX51 microscope. The mean percentage of viable bacteria was calculated for each sample. In comparison with baseline values, the frequency of viable bacteria decreased significantly at 30 s after the SM-0.2% CHX (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) and presented significant antibacterial activity up to 7 h after the mouthrinse (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). In comparison with SM-water, the prevalence of viable bacteria was significantly lower at 30 s after the SM-0.2% CHX (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001) and showed a significant antibacterial effect up to 7 h after the mouthrinse (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Epifluorescence microscopy permits evaluating the antimicrobial activity of CHX on the salivary flora in real-time. Fluorescence assays could be particularly useful to analyse simultaneously the effect of antimicrobials that alter the cytoplasmic membrane integrity on different oral ecosystems.
Obligate anaerobes are closely involved in the pathogenesis of oral and focal infections. The obj... more Obligate anaerobes are closely involved in the pathogenesis of oral and focal infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility profiles of obligate anaerobes of oral origin to telithromycin (TLM), moxifloxacin (MXF), and other antibiotics that are commonly used in dentistry. The study sample comprised 172 obligate anaerobes isolated from the saliva of 43 adult volunteers. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the agar dilution technique in Brucella agar medium supplemented with vitamin K, haemin and 5% (volume/volume) laked sheep blood, and incubated under anaerobic conditions. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methodology was followed and its criteria were used for the qualitative interpretation of the results. The antibiotics evaluated were: amoxicillin (AMX), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMX-CLA), clindamycin (CM), metronidazole (MTZ), azithromycin (AZM), TLM and MXF. Resistance to AMX (MIC(90) &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or = 16 mg/l) was observed in 45.3% of the obligate anaerobes and resistance to CM (MIC(90) &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or = 16 mg/l) was found in 18.6%. All the isolates were sensitive to MTZ (MIC(90) = 1 mg/l) and 98.8% were sensitive to AMX-CLA (MIC(90) = 2 mg/l). The MIC(90) values for AZM, TLM and MXF were &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =16, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =8 and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; or =2 mg/l, respectively. Pathogenic, opportunistic and non-pathogenic obligate anaerobes showed high percentages of resistance to AMX and CM, and high MIC values for AZM in the absence of recently administered antibiotics. MXF showed a higher activity than TLM, similar to that detected for AMX-CLA and MTZ. In consequence, MXF could represent a possible alternative antimicrobial against obligate anaerobes of oral origin, particularly in those patients with allergy, intolerance or lack of response to AMX-CLA or MTZ.
Erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci are often responsible of bacteremias following denta... more Erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci are often responsible of bacteremias following dental manipulations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of telithromycin against erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci. Venous blood samples were collected from 84 patients, 30 s after dental extractions. Viridans streptococci were identified by conventional microbiological techniques. A set of 36 viridans streptococci were selected to investigate the in vitro activity of telithromycin by the agar dilution method. Macrolide resistance genes were amplified with specific primers for the mefA and ermB genes and visualized by electrophoresis. For erythromycin-susceptible viridans streptococci, telithromycin minimal inhibitory concentration90 (MIC90) was &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.008 microg/ml. For erythromycin-resistant viridans streptococci, telithromycin MIC90 was 1 microg/ml. The MIC90 to telithromycin of the mefA-positive and ermB-negative viridans streptococci was lower than that of the mefA-negative and ermB-positive viridans streptococci (0.128 microg/ml versus 1 microg/ml). The in vitro activity of telithromycin was high, irrespective of the erythromycin susceptibility and the mechanism of erythromycin resistance identified.
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 2007
Objective. To investigate the prevalence, duration, and etiology of bacteremia following dental e... more Objective. To investigate the prevalence, duration, and etiology of bacteremia following dental extractions performed after a single administration of Chlorhexidine mouthwash. Design and Setting. A randomized, controlled trial performed in a university hospital. Methods. A series of 106 patients with mental and behavioral disabilities who underwent dental extractions under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to a control group or Chlorhexidine group. The exclusion criteria applied were use of antibiotics in the previous 3 months, use of oral antiseptics, any type of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, and disease that predisposes the patient to infections or bleeding. The Chlorhexidine group had 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash administered for 30 seconds before any dental manipulation. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 30 seconds, 15 minutes, and 1 hour after the dental extractions. Subculture and further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conv...
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