Asụsụ Zulu

Zulu ; isiZulu
Spoken in:	South Africa, Lesotho
Total speakers:	Templeeti:Sigfig million
Language family:	Nnijer–Kongo; Atlantic–Congo; Volta-Congo; Benue–Congo; Bantoid; Southern Bantoid; Zulu
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	—
ISO 639-3:	zul
	Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

/'zuːluː/ (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), ma ọ bụ isiZulu dị ka endonym, bụ asụsụ Southern Bantu nke Alaka Nguni nke a na-asụ na Southern Africa. [1] bụ asụsụ nke Ndị Zulu, nke nwere ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 13.56 na-asụ ya, ndị bi na mpaghara KwaZulu-Natal na South Africa. Zulu ^[1] asụsụ a na-asụkarị na South Africa (24% nke ndị bi na ya), ihe karịrị 50% nke ndị bi ya na-aghọta ya. ^[2] ghọrọ otu n'ime Asụsụ iri na abụọ nke South Africa na 1994.

Dị ka Ethnologue si kwuo, ọ bụ asụsụ nke abụọ a na-asụkarị n'Asụsụ Bantu, na-esote Swahili.[lower-alpha 1] Dị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Bantu, a na-eji Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Latịn dee ya.

^[3]'asụsụ Bekee nke South Africa, a na-akpọkarị asụsụ ahụ n'ụdị ala ya, isiZulu.

Ebe a na-ekesa ya

Ndị Zulu na-akwaga mba ọzọ akpọrọla ya gaa n'ógbè ndị gbara ya gburugburu, ọkachasị Zimbabwe, ebe asụsụ Ndebele nke Northern (isiNdebele) nwere njikọ chiri anya na Zulu.

^[4] na-elekarị Xhosa, asụsụ kachasị na Eastern Cape, anya dị ka ihe na-aghọta na Zulu, dị ka Northern Ndebele.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ndị Zulu, dị ka ndị Xhosa na Ndị Nguni ndị ọzọ, ebiela na South Africa ọtụtụ narị afọ. Asụsụ Zulu nwere ọtụtụ ụda click nke asụsụ ndịda Afrịka, nke a na-adịghị ahụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke Afrịka. Ndị Nguni na agbụrụ ndị ọzọ dị n'ebe ndịda dị ka San na Khoi ebikọtala.

Zulu, dị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndịda Afrịka, abụghị asụsụ edere ede ruo mgbe ndị ozi ala ọzọ si Europe rutere, bụ ndị dere asụsụ ahụ site na iji mkpụrụedemede Latin. E bipụtara akwụkwọ ụtọ asụsụ mbụ nke asụsụ Zulu na Norway na 1850 site n'aka onye ozi ala ọzọ Norwegian Hans Schreuder . ^[5] Ihe odide mbụ e dere n'asụsụ Zulu bụ nsụgharị Bible nke pụtara na 1883. N'afọ 1901, John Dube (1871-1946), onye Zulu si Natal, mepụtara Ohlange Institute, ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ mbụ na South Africa. Ọ bụkwa onye dere Insila kaShaka, akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ e dere na Zulu (1930). Onye edemede Zulu ọzọ bụ Reginald Dhlomo, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị isi mba Zulu nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu: U-Dingane (1936), U-Shaka (1937), U-Mpande (1938), U-Cetshwayo (1952) na U-Dinizulu (1968). Ndị ọzọ a ma ama nyere aka na akwụkwọ Zulu gụnyere Benedict Wallet Vilakazi na, n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Oswald Mbuyiseni Mtshali.

Ọdịdị nke mgbọrọgwụ Zulu

Enwere ike ijikọta mgbọrọgwụ na ọtụtụ prefixes wee si otú a mepụta okwu ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ebe a bụ tebụl nwere okwu ụfọdụ sitere na mgbọrọgwụ -Zulu na -ntu (mgbọrọgwụ maka onye / ndị mmadụ):

Okwu mbido	-zulu	-Ntinye
um (u)	umZulu (onye Zulu)	Onye (onye)
ama, aba	amaZulu (ndị Zulu)	abantu (ndị mmadụ)
isi	isiZulu (asụsụ Zulu)	Human (omenala, Isi nketa, ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ)
ubu	ubuZulu (ọdịdị / ọdịdị yiri nke Zulu)	Ubuntu (mmadụ, ọmịiko)
kwa	kwaZulu (ebe ndị Zulu bi)	-
m (li)	izulu (ikuku/Elu/eluigwe)	-
pha	N'Elu (n'elu)	-
na	Zulu (n'elu, n'elu, site n'eluigwe)	-

Nkọwapụta ahịrịokwu na ederede

Ihe na-esonụ bụ ndepụta nke ahịrịokwu ndị a pụrụ iji mee ihe mgbe mmadụ gara mpaghara nke asụsụ ya bụ isi bụ Zulu:


Zulu	Bekee
Sawubona	Hello, nye otu onye
Sanibonani	Ekele, nye otu ìgwè mmadụ
Ọ̀ Bụ Onye Ọhụrụ? / Ninjani?	Olee otú ị si abụ? / Olee otú ị si (pl.)?
Ngiyaphila / Siyaphila	Anọ m mma / Anyị dị mma
Ngiyabonga (kakhulu)	Ekele (ọtụtụ)
Ònye ka a na-akpọ gị?	Gịnị bụ aha gị?
Aha lami ngu...	Aha m bụ...
Oge Sithini Ọ̀ Bụ?	Olee oge?
Ngingakusiza?	Enwere m ike inyere gị aka?
Ọ̀ bụ ebe a ka ọ nọ?	Ebee ka ị ga-anọ?
Uphumaphi?	Ebee ka ị si?
Hamba dị mma / Ụlọ dị mma	Gaa nke ọma / Nwee nke ọma, jiri ya mee ihe dị ka nke ọma. Onye nọ n'ebe ahụ na-ekwu "Hamba kahle", onye na-apụkwa na-ekwu ""Sala kahle". Nsụgharị ndị ọzọ gụnyere ^[6] gently na Walk in peace.
Hambani nke ọma / Salani nke ọma	Gaa nke ọma / Nwee nke ọma, nye otu ndị mmadụ
Eish!	Wow! (Enweghị ezigbo ihe yiri ya na Europe, nke a na-eji na Bekee South Africa) (ị nwere ike ịnwale ọkara mkparị, dị ka oh my gosh ma ọ bụ ihe heck. Ọ na-egosipụta echiche nke ihe ijuanya na ihe ijuanya)
Hhayibo	Mba! / Kwụsị! / Enweghị ụzọ! (nke a na-ejikwa na Bekee South Africa)
Yebo	Ee
Cha	Mba
Angazi	Amaghị m
Uyasikhuluma isiNgisi na?	Ị na-asụ Bekee?
Ngisaqala ukufunda isiZulu	Amalitere m ịmụ asụsụ Zulu
Olee ebe ọ pụtara?	Gịnị ka ị pụtara?
Ngiyakutọ.	"Ahụrụ m gị n'anya"

Ihe ndị na-esonụ sitere na mbido iwu South Africa:

Thina, bantu isi nke South Afrika, Siyakukhumbula ukucekelwa phansi kwamalungelo okwenzeka eminyakeni eyadlula; Sibungaza labo abahluphekela ubulungiswa nenkululeko kulo mhlaba wethu; Sihlonipha labo abasebenzela ukwakha nokuthuthukisa izwe anyị; na Sikholelwa ekutheniingizimu iN Afrika ingeyabo bonke abahlala, kuyo sibene nakuba singafani.

Nsụgharị:

Anyị, ndị South Africa, kweta ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke oge gara aga anyị; sọpụrụ ndị tara ahụhụ maka ikpe ziri ezi na nnwere onwe n'ala anyị; sọọrọ ndị rụrụ ọrụ iji wuo ma melite mba anyị; ma kwere na South Africa bụ nke ndị niile bi na ya, jikọtara n'ụdị dị iche iche anyị.

Ịgụ ọnụ na isiZulu

Ọnụ ọgụgụ site na 1 ruo 10

Usoro ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ dijitalụ na mkpịsị aka na-amalite site na obere mkpịsị ụkwụ nke aka ekpe gaa na mkpịakọta aka ekpe wee gaa n'ihu na mkpịuko aka nri gaa na obere mkpụsị aka nri. Malite na aka ekpe mechiri emechi, a na-agbatị mkpịsị aka ọ bụla na nọmba ọ bụla na-esote site na otu ruo ise. Ozugbo aka ekpe meghere, mgbe ahụ ịgụta na-aga n'ihu n'aka nri na mkpịsị aka ọ bụla meghere n'otu n'otu. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na isiZulu, aha maka nọmba isii ruo itoolu na-egosipụta ma ọ bụ asaa ahụ nke mkpịsị aka (isii, isithupha, pụtara "otu mkpịsị ụkwụ"), omume (asaa, isikhombisa, pụtara "onye na-egosi"), ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ / ọnọdụ (asatọ ma ọ bụ isgalombilibilibilibili, pụtara "abụọ fọdụrụ", na itoolu ma ọ bụ isishiyagalolunye, na-egosi "otu fọdụrụ"). ^[7]

IsiZulu	Bekee
Kunye	Otu
Kubili	Abụọ
Kuthathu	Atọ
Kune	Anọ
Isi ọnyà	Ise
Isithupha	Isii
Isikhombisa	asaa
Isishiyagalombili	Asatọ
Isishiyagalolunye	Iri na Abụọ
Ishumi	Iri

Ọnwa

Ọnwa n'asụsụ Zulu

Bekee	Zulu
Jenụwarị	uMasingana
Febụwarị	Nhlolanja
Njem	uNdasa
Eprel	uMbaso
May	Nkwupụta
June	N'oge a na-adịghị anya
Julaị	Ntulikazi
Ọgọstụ	Nkwupụta
Septemba	Mandula
Ọktoba	uMfumfu
Nọvemba	Lwezi
Disemba	uZibandlela

Okwu Zulu n'asụsụ Bekee nke South Africa

Bekee South Africa amịala ọtụtụ okwu site n'asụsụ Zulu. Ndị ọzọ, dị ka aha anụmanụ ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ (impala na mamba bụ aha Zulu) abanyewo n'ime Bekee. Ihe atụ ole na ole nke okwu Zulu eji eme ihe na Bekee South Africa:

muti (site na umuthi) - ọgwụ
Donga (site na udonga) - olulu mmiri (udonga pụtara "mgbidi" na Zulu ma bụrụkwa aha maka olulu mmiri kpatara)
indaba - nzukọ (ọ pụtara "ihe akụkọ"' na Zulu)
induna - onyeisi ma ọ bụ onye ndú
songololo (site na isongololo) - millipede
Ubuntu - ọmịiko / mmadu.

Hụkwa

Impi
Shaka kaSenzangakhona
Tsotsitaal - Asụsụ Creole nke dabeere na Zulu nke a na-asụ na Soweto
Asụsụ Xhosa
Asụsụ Ndebele nke Ebe Ugwu

Ihe edeturu

.

Edensibia

Ohlange Institute, ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ mbụ na South Africa. Ọ bụkwa onye dere Insila kaShaka, akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ e dere na Zulu (1930). Onye edemede Zulu ọzọ bụ Reginald Dhlomo, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọOhlange Institute, ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ mbụ na South Africa. Ọ bụkwa onye dere Insila kaShaka, akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ e dere na Zulu (1930). Onye edemede Zulu ọzọ bụ Reginald Dhlomo, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ

↑ Ethnologue 2005
↑ Carter (2016). Languages In The World: How History, Culture, and Politics Shape Language. Wiley, 139. ISBN 9781118531280.
↑ sahoboss. "Zulu", South African History Online, 2011-04-03. Retrieved on 2018-06-17. (in en)
↑ NorthernNdebele.blogspot.com NorthernNdebele.blogspot.com
↑ Rakkenes, Øystein (2003) Himmelfolket: En Norsk Høvding i Zululand, Oslo: Cappelen Forlag, pp. 63–65
↑ Zulu English Dictionary
↑ Ayonrinde (2020-06-12). "The salience and symbolism of numbers across cultural beliefs and practice". International Review of Psychiatry 33 (1–2): 179–188. DOI:10.1080/09540261.2020.1769289. ISSN 0954-0261. PMID 32527165.

Ebe e si nweta ya

UCLA Language Materials Project - Zulu

Akwụkwọ

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

Njikọ mpụga

Nkwupụta Ụwa Nile Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ na Zulu
Asụsụ South Africa: IsiZulu
Onye na-ede okwu n'asụsụ Bekee-isiZulu-Japan. faịlụ ụda
Ndepụta Zulu Swadesh nke okwu ndị bụ isi (site na Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)
Ịgụ ọnụ n'asụsụ Zulu

Ihe ọmụmụ

Asụsụ

Asụsụ Zulu na Audio!

Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu

Akwụkwọ akụkọ

Software

Spell checker maka OpenOffice.org na Mozilla, OpenOffice. org, Mozilla Firefox web-browser, na Mozilla Thunderbird email program na Zulu
Translate.org.za Project iji sụgharịa Free na Open Source Software n'asụsụ niile nke South Africa gụnyere Zulu
PanAfrican L10n wiki page on Zulu

Akwụkwọ na ọdịbendị

Map Akwụkwọ KwaZulu-Natal

Templeeti:Languages of Lesotho Templeeti:Languages of South Africa Templeeti:Languages of Swaziland Templeeti:Languages of Mozambique Templeeti:Narrow Bantu languages

[1] Ethnologue 2005

[2] Carter (2016). Languages In The World: How History, Culture, and Politics Shape Language. Wiley, 139. ISBN 9781118531280.

[3] sahoboss. "Zulu", South African History Online, 2011-04-03. Retrieved on 2018-06-17. (in en)

[NorthernNdebeleBlog-4] NorthernNdebele.blogspot.com NorthernNdebele.blogspot.com

[5] Rakkenes, Øystein (2003) Himmelfolket: En Norsk Høvding i Zululand, Oslo: Cappelen Forlag, pp. 63–65

[6] Zulu English Dictionary

[7] Ayonrinde (2020-06-12). "The salience and symbolism of numbers across cultural beliefs and practice". International Review of Psychiatry 33 (1–2): 179–188. DOI:10.1080/09540261.2020.1769289. ISSN 0954-0261. PMID 32527165.

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