BAHAN KAJIAN

MK. DASAR ILMU TANAH

TANAH
ENTISOLS

TANAH

ENTISOL

Entisol adalah tanah-tanah dengan regolit dalam atau

bumi tidak dengan horison, kecuali mungkin lapis
bajak.
Beberapa Entisol, mempunyai horison plaggen, agrik
atau horizon E (albik); beberapa mempunyai batuan
beku yang keras dekat permukaan
Entisol dicirikan oleh bahan mineral tanah yang
belum membentuk horison pedogenik yang nyata.
Tanah-tanah ini dicirikan oleh kenampakan yang
kurang muda dan tanpa horison genetik alamiah, atau
juga mereka hanya mempunyai horison-horison
permulaan.
Diunduh dari:

geoyogi.files.wordpress.com/.../nama-dan-jenis-ta..... 13/3/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Ikhtisar:
1. Vegetasi: Tidak
spesifik, tanah
kosong
2. Iklim: Pergelik hingga
hypothermik
3. Rezim lengas tanah:
Kering hingga Aquik
4. Sifat tanah yang
penting: featureless
soil bodies
5. Horison Penciri:
secara tipikal tidak
ada, Albik
6. Epipedon: Okhrik
7. Karakteristik: Sedikit

Entisols: Tanah-tanah
yg baru berkembang
1. Land surfaces that are
very young (alluvium,
colluvium, mudflows)
2. Batuan keras ekstrim
3. Bahan induk berpasir
4. Material bongkaran
(mis. Lahan galian
tambang, tanah sangat
padat, material toksik)
5. Transisi antara tanah'
dan bukan-tanah'

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ENTISOLS

KONDISI LINGKUNGAN

Climate:
Entisols dapat ditemukan pada berbagai kondisi
iklim. Misalnya, iklim arid atau pergelik dapat
membatasi intensitas perkembangan tanah
untuk membentuk ordo tanah lainnya.
Kejenuhan profil tanah atau bahkan
penggenangan dalam waktu lama menghambat
perkembangan tanah dan tanah-tanah
termasuk mke dalam Ordo Entisol.

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

KONDISI LINGKUNGAN
Vegetasi
Harsh environments may limit root and plant
growth due to consolidated highly resistant
bedrock, infertility or toxicity of initial material,
submergence, or high erosion rates.
Kalau dilakaukan pemupukan dnegan baik dan
suplai air dikendalikan , beberapa Entisols
dapat dipakai untuk pertanian (lahan
gembalaan, kandang ternak). Akan tetapi faktor
pembatasnya adalah solum yang tipis, tekstur
liat, atau neraca lengas-tanah yang defisit air.
Beberapa Entisols
dikelola secara intensif,
Diunduh dari: .. 25/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

KONDISI LINGKUNGAN
Relief:
Entisols may be present on very steep slopes on
hard bedrock where soil formation is inhibited.
Mass movement may remove material from
such an area as fast or faster than most
pedogenic horizons form.
Entisols lainnya ditemukan pada relief datar
hingga agak miring dengan bahan induk
material deposit seperti alluvium atau
colluvium.
Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Time:
Shortness of time since exposure of initial
materials to the active factors of soil formation
limits soil development.
Fresh lava flows, marine or lacustrine deposits
newly exposed by uplift of land or by lake
drainage, provide sites for very young soils.
Aktivitas manusia dapat mendorong
pembentukan Entisols. Deforestation may
induce soil erosion where highly eroded,
shallow Entisols remain.
Misalnya, daerah luas terbentuk karena
deforestation
dan
tanah
Diunduh
dari:erosi
..
25/2/2013 di southern

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Bahan Induk Tanah:

Entisols are on land surfaces that are very
young (alluvium, colluvium, mudflows),
extremely hard rocks (e.g. Orthents), or
disturbed material (e.g. mined land, highly
compacted soils, toxic material). They also
occur on deep bodies of water and glaciers
which are transitions between 'soils' and 'not
soils'.
Psamments adalah Entisols yang berkembang
dari bahan induk berpasir, banyak ditemukan di
Alabama and Georgia USA dan digunakan untuk
lahan gembalaan ternak.

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ENTISOLS

PROSES GENESIS
The characteristic of Entisols is that there is little or no evidence
of soil development. They form a transition between the other
soil orders of Soil Taxonomy and non-soil material such as bare
rock, deep water or ice at the surface of the earth.
Kondisi lingkungan untuk Entisols dianggap menghambat
proses genesis atanah, misalnya beberapa faktor lingkungan
memperlambat proses pembentukan tanah.
For example, submerged or waterlogged soils exclude oxidation
and retard weathering. Sparse vegetation results in low litter
amounts which retards the accumulation of organic matter in the
topsoil.
Batuan yang kompak dapat menghambat penetrasi akar
sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman.

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ENTISOLS

PROSES GENESIS
The impact of most soil forming processes is not great
enough to produce soil features recognized as
diagnostic for other soil orders.
Entisols dapat menjadi 'climax soils' yang merupakan
kesetimbangan dengan lingkungannya, tanah-tanah
ini dapat terbentuk oleh gaya-gaya degradasi tanah
(mis. Erosi tanah) dari ordo tanah lainnya, atau tanahtanah ini berkembang dari 'non-soil areas'.

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

CIRI-CIRI TANAH
Entisols ADALAH TANAH-TANAH YANG tidak
mempunyai sifat-sifat yang menjadi penciri
ordo-ordo lainnya.
Tanah-tanah ini mungkin mempunyai
epipedon okhrik dan horison penciri albik;
mungkin juga mempunyai beberapa fragmen
horison penciri yang tidak tersusun dalam
suatu pola yang baku.

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

TANAH ENTISOLS
KLASIFIKASI TANAH
Ada lima subordo dalam ordo Entisols:
1. Aquents: Entisols yang basah (jenuh air) secara permanen
atau musiman dipetakan sebagai Aquents. Tanah-tanah ini
menunjukkan sifat redoximorfik yang sangat nyata..
2. Arents: They are better drained than Aquents (lacking
their redoximorphic features) and exhibit fragments of
diagnostic horizons below the Ap horizon. Arents are
deeply disturbed by farming, mining, or construction.
3. Psamments: Tekstur tanah Psamments biasanya pasirhalus-berlempung atau lebih kasar. Tanah-tanah ini mudah
tererosi oleh angin kalau kering.
4. Fluvents: Tekstur tanah Fluvents biasanya berlempung
dan berliat (lebih halus daripada pasir-halus-berlempung).
Tanah-tanah ini ditemukan pada material alluvial yang
ber-strata.
5. Orthents: The soil texture of Orthents is loamy and clayey.
Diunduh dari: .. 25/2/2013
They are better drained
than Aquents with a regular

TANAH ENTISOLS
KLASIFIKASI TANAH
Sub-ordo dibagi-bagi lagi menjadi great-groups
berdasarkan beberapa faktor: rataan suhu tanah
tahunan dan kisaran ushu tanah, kandungan pasir dan
kuarsa, stratifikasi, adanya material sulfidik, dan lowbearing capacity.
Hydraquentsare formed in sediments that have
accumulated under water and remained continously
submerged. To qualify for a Hydraquent the n-value
must be > 0.7. The n-values is used to define the grams
of water associated with 1 gram of clay and obtained
from the relationship:
A = nL + nbH + pR
dimana: A: kadar air per 100 g tanah kering; L:
persentase liat; H:
persentase
bahan
Diunduh
dari: ..
25/2/2013organik; R:

TANAH

ENTISOLS

KLASIFIKASI TANAH
Pada banyak subgroups dari ordo Entisol, tanah-tanah
dengan kondisi aquik selama periode tertentu dalam
kebanyakan tahun, banyak ditemukan adanya deplesi
redoks dengan chroma 2 atau kurang (mis. Aquic
Cryopsamments).
Dalam Entisols lainnya yang jenuh dnegan air, pada satu
lapisan atau lebih di dalam 100 cm tanah mineral
permukaan, selama 1 bulan atau lebih per tahun selama
enam atau lebih dari 10 tahun, maka digunakan istilah
'oxyaquic (mis. Oxyaquic Cryopsamments).
Influence of soil temperature is considered on great group
and subgroup level using designations such as ustic, xeric,
torri, or udic.
Accumulation of iron sulfides (FeS2) are found in lagoonal
soils or distrubed soils in coal mine spoil. They are
classified on great group level (e.g. Sulfquents) and

TANAH

ENTISOLS

KLASIFIKASI TANAH
Tanah-tanah dangkal (tipis) dengan kontak-litik di
dalam lapisan tanah mineral permukaan 50 cm lazim
ditemukan pada Ordo Entisol (mis. Lithic
Cryopsamments, Lithic Quarzipsamments, Lithic
Xerorthents).
Soils which show a fine-earth fraction containing 30
percent or more particles 0.02 to 2.0 mm in
diameter of which 5 percent or more is volcanic
glass, and [(Al plus 1/2 Fe, percent extracted by
ammonium oxalate) times 60] plus the volcanic
glass (percent) is 30 or more throughout one or
more horizons with a total thickness of 18 cm or
more within 75 cm of the mineral soil surface.
Tanah-tanah yang mempunyai ciri-ciri seperti di atas

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ENTISOLS

KLASIFIKASI
Entisols yang mempunyai, satu atau lebih
horison dengan ketebalan 18 cm atau lebih di
dalam 75 cm tanah mineral permukaan, fraksi
halus dnegan bobot isi 1.0 g/cm3 atau kurang,
yang diukur pada retensi air 33 kPa, dan
persentase aluminum 1/2 besi (oleh ammonium
oxalate) totalnya lebih dari 1.0 dikelompokkan
sebagai 'andic' (mis. Andic Cryofluvents).

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

SIFAT PEMBEDA
Entisols merupakan transisi antara ordo lainnya dan
bukan-tanah.
Bukan-tanah merupakan area yg tidak stabil,
karena erosi air (mis. badlands, beaches, riverwash),
erosi oleh angin (mis. dunes), area yg tidak dapat
ditembus akar (mis. rock outcrops), area yg
membatasi pertumbuhan tanaman (mis. salt flats,
slickens, area toksik), atau area terlalu dingin untuk
mendukung pertumbuhan vegetasi.
Many young soils are excluded from Entisols because
presence of a mollic epipedon.
Because cambic horizons cannot occur in soil
materials coarser than very fine sand weathered

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ENTISOLS

Entisols:
Tanah-tanah ini mempunyai profil A/C atau A/R, hanya
menunjukkan sedikit gejala perkembangan tanah terutama
dalam horison permukaannya, mungkin mempunyai horison
Ap.
Sub-ordo:
1. Aquents menunjukkan sifat kebasahan
2. Arents lapisan olah yang nyata
3. Fluvents terbentuk pada bahan alluvial
4. Orthents tekstur berlempung atau berliat
5. Psamments tekstur berpasir.

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Entisols adalah tanah-tanah yang

menunjukkan sedikit (belum ada)
perkembangan horison pedogenik.
Entisols ditemukan di daerah bahan
induk deposit muda atau di daerahdaerah dimana laju erosi atau deposisi
lebih cepat daripada laju
perkembangan tanah ; seperti lereng
curam, dataran banjir dan dunes.
Entisols ditemukan pada beragam
kondisi lingkungan.
Entisols meliputi sekitar 16%
permukaan lahan di bumi yang bebas
es.

Diunduh dari:

.. 25/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

Konsep sentral Entisols

adalah tanah-tanah yg
menunjukkan sedikit
(tanpa) bukti
perkembangan horison
pedogenik.
Banyak Entisols
mempunyai epipedon
okhrik dan beberapa
mempunyai epipedon
anthropic.
Banyak Entisols teksturnya

Diunduh dari: http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/entisols.html 14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Konsep sentral Entisols adalah

tanah-tanah yg menunjukkan
sedikit (tanpa) bukti
perkembangan horison
pedogenik.
Banyak Entisols mempunyai
epipedon okhrik dan beberapa
mempunyai epipedon
anthropic.
Banyak Entisols teksturnya
berpasir dan sangat dangkal
(tipis).
Diunduh dari: http://urbanext.illinois.edu/soil/orders/soiord.htm 13/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

Entisols tidak mempunyai horison penciri. Beberapa Entisols

mempunyai lereng curah dan tererosi intensif, dan tanahtanah lainnya ditemukan di dataran banjir, dataran glacial
outwash yang menerima material aluvium secara periodik.

Aquents
Aquents, atau Entisols banyak ditemukan secara luas. They dominate
some of the delineations along the southern Atlantic and gulf coasts and on
the flood plains along the Mississippi River and along other rivers and
streams. Some Aquents are forming, mostly in sandy deposits, in other parts
of the country. Most of the soils are forming in recent sediments. They
support vegetation that tolerates permanent or periodic wetness. Tanah-

tanah ini banyak digunakan sebagai pasture, lahan pertanian, hutan

atau wildlife habitat.

Arents
Arents tidak mempunyai horison penciri karena mereka telah
mengalami pencampuran material akibat pengolahan tanah. Tanahtanah ini sangat penting untuk produksi tanaman irigasi di California.
Diunduh dari:
http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/entisols_map.html

Arents
kebanyakan
dikelola sebagai lahan pertanian, lahan urban,

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ENTISOLS

Fluvents
Fluvents adalah Entisols yang drainagenya bagus, berasal
dari bahan sedimen air di dataran banjir, fans, dan delta di
sepanjang sungai dan anak-anak sungainya. Some of the
largest areas are on the flood plains along the River. Most
Fluvents are frequently flooded, unless they are protected by
dams or levees. Stratification of the materials is normal.
Kebanyakan Fluvents digunakan sebagai rangeland, hutan,
pasture, lahan pertanian, atau wildlife habitat.

Orthents
They are commonly on recent erosional surfaces. Orthents
are used mostly as rangeland, pasture, or wildlife habitat.

Psamments
Tanah-tanah ini teksturnya berpasir pada semua lapisannya.
Tanah-tanah ini merupakan lahan-gembalaan ternak yang
produktif, di daerah iklim arid dan semiarid. Some
Psamments that are nearly bare are subject to soil blowing
Diunduh dari: http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/entisols_map.html

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ENTISOLS

Entisols juga ditemukan di delta

sungai, dimana lahan baru terbentuk
oleh deposisi sedimen dari banjir
tahunan.
Beberapa tanah pertanian produktif
adalah Fluvents yang merupakan
Entisols yang terbentuk oleh prosesproses fluvial.
The ancient hydraulic societies that
emerged along the Tigres, Euphrates,
Nile and Indus rivers were supported
by the richness of Fluvents.

Diunduh dari:

Kriteria utama Ordo Entisol adalah

tidak-adanya organisasi material
tanah. Tanah-tanah ini menunjukkan
sedikit (tidak-ada) perkembangan
struktur atau horison dan menyerupai
http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/tpss/research_extension/rxsoil/Rest.htm

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Entisols :
Soils that have little or slight
development and properties that
reflect their parent material (ent
root from the word recent). They
include soils on steep slopes,
flood plains, and sand dunes.
They also form on very resistant
rock or deep deposits of sand.
They occur in many
environments. They have an
ochric and none diagnostic
features.
Profil yang tipikal mempunyai
Diunduh dari:

TANAH

ENTISOLS
SUB-ORDO

Diunduh dari:

1. Wassents - Entisols yang

tergenang selama lebih
dari 21 jam setiap hari
2. Aquents - Entisols dengan
muka-air tanah di dekat
permukaan dalam waktu yg
lama dalam setahun
3. Arents - Entisols that have
been disturbed and contain
fragments of diagnostic
horizons that are not
arranged in any
discernable order
4. Psamments Entisols
sangat berpasir
5. Fluvents - Entisols aluvial
yg lazim ditemukan di
dataran banjir
http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols%20suborders.htm
14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Typic Udifluvent : SW
Wisconsin
Sifat dinamis dari landskap fluvial
menghasilkan ciri-ciri yang tampak
pada tanah-tanah Flvents.
Deposisi material sedimen baru secara
periodik menghasilkan banyak
lapisan-lapisan mineral dan bahan
organik dalam profil tanah ini.
This upbuilding process limits
expression of the soil-forming
processes seen in other soil orders.
Note the presence of a thick buried A
horizon at depth in this profile.
Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_02.htm 14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: (Flybow series)

Loamy-skeletal, mixed,
superactive, nonacid, mesic
Lithic Xerorthent
These soils have formed from basalt
residuum and are very shallow to
bedrock.The 10-cm-thick A horizon
represents the extent of soil formation on
this steeply sloping landscape position.

Tanah-tanah ini penggunaannya

sangat terbatas, karena biasanya
solumnya sangat tipis.
Pemanfaatannya yang lazim adalah
sebagai lahan-gembalaan ternak
Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_04.htm 14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: (Flybow series)

The Flybow series consists of very shallow, well
drained soils with moderate permeability that
formed in material weathered from basalt and
greenstone.
Tanah-tanah Flybow mempunyai kemiringan 4
100 %. Rataan curah hujan tahunan 19 inchi
dan rataan suhu tahunan 48oF.
KELAS TAKSONOMI: Loamy-skeletal, mixed,
superactive, nonacid, mesic Lithic
Xerorthents
CIRI-CIRI PEDON:
A: 0 - 5 inchi; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)
extremely cobbly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3)
moist; weak very fine granular structure; slightly
hard, very friable, moderately sticky and
moderately plastic; many very fine and fine, few
medium roots; many very fine and fine
interstitial pores; 40 percent cobbles, 30 percent
gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth
boundary. (tebalnya 4 - 10 inchi).

Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_04.htm 14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: (Flybow series)

CIRI-CIRI PENTING :
1. Depth to bedrock - 4 to 10 inches
Average annual soil temperature : 47 54oF.
Average summer soil temperature : 6570oFF.
Moisture control section - dry 45 to 90
days in summer
2. Particle-size control section (weighted
averages):
clay content - 8 to 25 percent
rock fragment content - 35 to 75 percent
with less than 45 percent stones

3.Horison A

Diunduh dari:

Hue - 7.5YR, 10YR atau 2.5Y

Value kering: 3 - 5, Value lembab: 3
atau 4
Chroma - 2 - 6, kering atau lembab
Kandungan bahan organik: kurang
dari
http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_04.htm
14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: (Flybow series)

DRAINAGE & PERMEABILITas:
Well drained; medium to very rapid runoff;
moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used
for rangeland, recreation, and wildlife habitat.
The natural vegetation is bluebunch
wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, cutleaf
balsamroot, phlox, biscuitroot, wild onion,
penstemon, and eriogonum.
CIRI DOMINAN:
Horison penciri dan sifat-sifat penting:
1. Epipedon Okhrik: Zone dari permukaan
hingga 5 inchi (Horison A ).
2. Particle-size control section: Zone from the
surface to 5 inches
3. Lithic contact : pada kedalaman 5 inches (R)
4. Rezim lengas-tanah: Xerik.

Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_04.htm 14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Quincy series

Mixed, mesic Xeric
Torripsamment
This soil formed in fine-grained eolian
sand. The C2 horizon contains lenses
of very fine sand within the fine sand,
reflecting the tendency of wind-blown
materials to be sorted in transit.
The only soil development expressed
in this soil is a 2-cm-thick A horizon.
The soil contains very little clay and
organic matter, both of which serve as
particle binding agents. As a result,
the soil is structureless and loose.

Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_06.htm 13/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Quincy series

The Quincy series consists of very deep,
excessively drained soils formed in sands on
dunes and terraces. Slopes are 0 to 65 percent.
The mean annual precipitation is about 10
inches and the mean annual temperature is
about 52oF.

TAXONOMIC CLASS:
Mixed, mesic Xeric Torripsamments
TYPICAL PEDON:
A--0 to 15 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine
sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; single grain;
loose; many fine roots; porous; moderately
alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20
inches thick)
C--15 to 60 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2)
fine sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; single
grain; loose; common fine and very fine roots;
porous; slightly effervescent;
moderately
Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_06.htm
13/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Quincy series

SIFAT DAN CIRI:

Rataan tahunan suhu tanah 50 57oF, dan rataan suhu musim
panas 66 78oF. Tanah-tanah ini lembab selama musim dingin
dan musim semi, tetapi kering selama lebih separuh waktu
tersebut suhu tanah lebih 40oF., sekitar 105 -130 hari
berturutan.
Tanah-tanah ini kering pada kedalaman 7 - 20 inchi. Hue 10YR
atau 2.5Y. Value 4 - 7 kering, 3 - 5 lembab dan chroma 1 - 4
lembab atau kering. Bahan organik pada horison permukaan
(kalau dicampur) kurang dari 1 %..
The 10 to 40 inch particle-size control section ranges from
sand to loamy fine sand. Less than 75 percent of the sand is
very coarse, coarse, and medium if the clay content is less
than 5 percent. If the clay content exceeds 5 percent, more
than 75 percent of the sand fraction can be in the very coarse,
coarse and medium size classes. The upper 15 inches of these
soils is free of lime, except for small particles brought up by
insects and animals. The matrix below 15 inches is
noncalcareous in some pedons. Reaction in the upper 20
inches is slightly acid to moderately alkaline, and below 20
inches it is neutral to moderately alkaline.
Beberapa pedon mempunyai material yang bersifat
unconforming, termasuk pasir kasar, lempung
berpasir
Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_06.htm
13/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Quincy series

DRAINAGE & PERMEABILITAS:
Excessively drained; very slow to moderate
runoff; very rapid or rapid permeability.
Substratum phases range from moderate
to slow permeability.
PENGGUNAAN

& VEGETASI:

Tanah-tanah ini digunakan untuk

penggembalaan ternak, dan lahan
pertanian irigasi.
Kawasan irigasi ditanami dnegan kentang,
hijauan hay, pasture, biji-bijian , anggur,
dan pohon buah-buahan.
Vegetasi alamiahnya berupa rerumputan,
thickspike wheatgrass, Indian ricegrass,
rabbitbrush, horsebrush, fourwing saltbush,
Antelope bitterbrush, dan
semak-belukar.
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13/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Quincy series

SERIES ESTABLISHED:
Grant County, Washington,
1911.
Horison Penciri dan sifat-sifat penting
pada pedon ini adalah:
1. Epipedon Okhrik
2. Particle-size control section - from
10 to 40 inches that is sandy
throughout
3. Those pedons with bedrock or
duripans between 40 and 60 inches
previously included within the
Quincy series concept, will no
longer be considered with the
series concept

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TANAH

ENTISOLS
Typic Udipsamment

This soil occurs in glacial outwash

on outwash plains in northern
Michigan.
Horison B mempunyai sedikit
akumulasi sesquioksida illuvial dan
selimut tipis bahan organik iluvial,
tetapi tidak cukup banyak untuk
memenuhi kualifikasi sebagai
Spodosol.

Diunduh dari:

Tekstur pasir menyebabkan horison

Bw tidak memenuhi kualifikasi
sebagai horison penciri KAMBIK
http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_08.htm
13/2/2013
dalam sistem Soil Taxonomy.

TANAH

ENTISOLS: Garbutt series

Coarse-silty, mixed,
superactive, calcareous, mesic
Typic Torriorthent
Bahan induk tanah ini adalah bahan
aluvium berbedu yang berasal dari
sedimen lacustrine berkapur, dan hanya
mengalami sedikit alterasi oleh proses
proses pemebentukan tganah.
Horizon formation is limited to the lightcolored A horizon, where a slight
accumulation of organic matter has aided
the development of some soil structure.
Kondisi iklim arid, telah membatasi proses
pencucian dan sejumlah besar CaCO3
masih ada di horison bagian atas.

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TANAH

ENTISOLS: Garbutt series

The Garbutt series consists of very deep,
well drained soils on fan terraces, basalt
plains, and alluvial fans.
Tanah-tanah ini berkembang dari bahan
induk loess dan bahan aluvium berdebu.
Permeabilitasnya moderat. Kemiringannya
0 12%. Rataan curah hujan tahunan
sekitar 8 inches dan rataan suhu tahunan
sekitar 51o F.
KELAS TAKSONOMI
Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive,
calcareous, mesic Typic Torriorthents
Torriorthents.

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TANAH

ENTISOLS: Garbutt series

TYPICAL PEDON:
Garbutt silt loam - rangeland, on a 1 percent slope at
2,400 feet elevation.
A: 0 - 5 inchi; lempung debu, kelabu kecoklatan terang
(10YR 6/2), coklat gelap (10YR 4/3) lembab; struktur
pipih, kuat, medium; agar keras, gembur; strongly
effervescent; agak alkalis; batas horison abrupt smooth.
(tebalnya 3 - 9 inchi)
C1--5 to 27 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) very fine sandy
loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very
friable; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline;
abrupt smooth boundary. (16 to 30 inches thick)
C2: 27 - 38 inchi; lempung berpasir sangat halus, kelabu
terang (10YR 7/1), coklat kelabu (10YR 5/2) lembab;
massif; keras, tegung; violently
effervescent; agak alkalis; batas horison clear-smooth.
(tebalnya 8 - 20
inchi).
C3: 38 - 60 inchi; Lempung berpasir sangat halus, kelabu-

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TANAH

ENTISOLS: Garbutt series

SIFAT DAN CIRI:
Rataan tahaunan suhu tanah: 47 to 54 o F
Seksi kontrol persen liat: 12 - 18
Texture - very fine sandy loam or silt loam
Reaction - mildly to strongly alkaline
Mineralogy - mixed with 1 or more layers having
20 to 50%
volcanic glass in the sand and silt fraction.
Horison A
Hue : 10YR atau 2.5Y
Value : 5 - 8 kering, 3 - 6 lembab
Chroma- 2 4.
Horison C
Value : 6 - 8 kering, 4 -6 lembab
Chroma: 1 - 4
Calcium carbonate : 3 - 15 % CaCO3.

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TANAH

ENTISOLS: Garbutt series

DRAINAGE & PERMEABILITas:
Well drained; slow or medium runoff; moderate
permeability.
PENGGUNAAN & VEGETASI:
Irrigated areas are used for production of beans,
corn, alfalfa, sugar beets, small grains, hay and
pasture.
Potential vegetation in the natural plant
community is winterfat, bud sagebrush,
shadscale, bottlebrush squirreltail, Sandberg
bluegrass, and Indian ricegrass.
CIRI DOMINAN:
Horison penciri dan sifat-sifat penting:
Epipedon Okhrik: 0 - 9 inchi (Horison A)
Seksi kontrol ukuran partikel: 10 - 40 inchi.

Diunduh dari: http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/soilorders/entisols_10.htm 13/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Typic Udipsamment (Mixed, mesic)

Profil ini difoto di lokasi Buncombe County,
North Carolina. Tanah berasal dari bahan
aluvium muda pada lereng hampir datar.
Material aluvium pasir halus berlempung
atau lebih-kasar biasanya berdekatan
dengan aliran sungai. Kebanyakan area
telah dibuka dari hutan alamiahnya dan
digarap untuk tanaman pertanian dan
pasture.
This profile has a 45 cm A horizon over a
single grain C horizon. All horizons are
slightly acid, loamy fine sand or coarser
texture. More than 10 percent of the sand
is feldspar, mica, and other weatherable
minerals.
Ada horison A terkubur pada
Diunduh dari: http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/6678737243/
kedalaman
14/2/2013

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Typic Torrifluvent (Coarseloamy, mixed, superactive,

calcareous, thermic)
Profil tanah ini difoto di lokasi Graham County,
Arizona. Tanah ini berasal dari bahan induk
aluvium berstrata di dataran banjir dan kipas
aluvial yg agak miring. Profil tanah ini
merupakan lahan irigasi dan mempunyai
horison AP 10 inchi. (Pit ini kedalamannya 4.5
feet)
Most of the profile is silt loam in texture with
some slightly darker colored layers indicative of
slightly more organic carbon indicative of fluvial
depositions. There are no indications of B
horizon formation and below the Ap horizon is a
sequence of C horizons.
Keseluruhan profil tanah bersifat berkapur
dengan nilai pH = 8. Ada akumulasi tidakteratur bahan putih, tepung CaCO3 menyelimuti
liang-liang akar di horison C.

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TANAH

ENTISOLS

Ustoxic Quartzipsamment (Nonacid

isohyperthermic)
Profil tanah ini difoto di lokasi Zambia, Africa.
Tanah ini berasal dari material pasir eolian pada
bagian bawah lereng yang hampir datar hingga
berombak. Kandungan liatnya meningkat secara
bertahap dengan kedalaman tanah hingga 167
cm, tetapi tidak melebihi 12%. Kandungan debu
kurang dari 2% pada kebanyhakan kedalmaan
tanah.
Sand content is greater than 87% throughout
the profile and is 93% quartz. The profile is in an
ustic soil moisture regime, silt content plus 2x
the clay content exceeds 5% and the apparent
CEC7 value is less than 16 cmols Kg-1 clay
placing the soil in the Ustoxic subgroup.
The silt plus clay content requirement for the
Ustoxic subgroup is the same as for coated
families thus negating a coated family
identification. pH value in one part of the control
section (25-50 cm) is greater than 5.0 in 0.01M
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TANAH

ENTISOLS

Spodic Quartzipsamment (coated,

thermic)
Profil tanah ini difoto di lokasi Brunswick
county North Carolina. Tanah ini berasal
dari sedimen berpasir dataran pantai
Atlantik.
Spodosols frequently develop on these
sandy materials but at this site only
intermittent bodies of organic and
aluminum cemented spodic material
have formed between 40 and 70 cm.
These spodic bodies do not form a
spodic horizon thus the soil is not a
Spodosol and classifies as a
Quartzipsamment but with the presence
of more than 25 percent spodic bodies
in that layer classifies as a Spodic
Diunduh dari: http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/5140644306/in/set-72157625298718880/
subgroup.

TANAH

ENTISOLS

Typic Udorthent (Loamy,

carbonatic, thermic, shallow)
Profil tanah ini difoto di Kemper County,
Mississippi.
Tanah berkembang dari bahan induk
kapur dan batu-kapur lunak pada lereng
3 %.
The entire profile is moderately alkaline in
reaction. The silty clay loam ochric
epipedon seen in this profile is 18 cm
thick over a friable silty clay loam C
horizon.
Horison Cr ditemupak pada kedalaman
33 cm dimana kapur sangat teguh.
Kebanyakan tanah-tanah ini digunakan
untuk produksi hijauan pakan (hay) dan
Diunduh dari: http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/5140043121/in/set-72157625298718880/
pasture.

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Pengelolaan :
Tanah entisol dapat digunakan apabila
dikembangkan metode baru, misalnya sistem
drainase untuk mengairi tanah ketika kadar
asamnya mulai rendah, dapat ditambah dengan
pemupukan dengan hasil yang optimal.
Pada tanah entisol tidak terdapat hewan-hewan
seperti cacing, karena keadaanya yang kurang
subur, dan komposisi mineralnya adalah
terdapatnya mineral kuarsa dan oksida besi.

Diunduh dari: geoyogi.files.wordpress.com/.../nama-dan-jenis-ta... 13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Ilmu Pertanian Vol. 10 No. 2, 2003 : 63-69

SIFAT KIMIA ENTISOL PADA SISTEM PERTANIAN ORGANIK
Sri Nuryani H Utami dan Suci Handayani
Penelitian ini mengungkap seberapa perubahan yang terjadi atas
sifat fisik dan kimia tanah yang telah melakukan sistem pertanian
organik selama beberapa kali.
Penelitian menggunakan metode sampling pada lahan milik petani
yang telah diteliti melakukan perlakuan sistem pertanian organik dan
non organik.
Dua contoh tanah di ambil dari 2 loka yang berbeda untuk mewakili
tanah sistem pertanian organik dan 4 contoh tanah diambil dari 4
lokasi yang berbeda mewakili sistem pertanian non organik.
Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman lapis olah 20
cm.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap sifat
kimia tanah (KPK, pH H2O, P tersedia, K tersedia, N total, kandungan
Diunduh dari: agrisci.ugm.ac.id/vol10_2/7_yani_entisol.pdf 13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

PENGARUH DOSIS DAN FREKUENSI PUPUK CAIR

TERHADAP SERAPAN N DAN PERTUMBUHAN SAWI
(Brassica juncea L.) PADA ENTISOL
Budi Prasetya, Syahrul Kurniawan, dan Febrianingsih M.
Agritek 2009, 17(5): 1022-1029
Entisol merupakan salah satu jenis tanah yang kandungan bahan organik
rendah dan teksturnya didominasi oleh pasir. Tanah dengan karakter tersebut
umumnya mempunyai permasalahan dalam penyedian unsur hara bagi
tanaman khususnya unsur nitrogen karena pencucian. Upaya pengelolaan
yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan nitrogen dalam tanah yaitu
dengan pemberian pupuk anorganik (urea dan ZA) dan pemberian pupuk
organik misalnya pupuk cair dari air kelapa dan kotoran ayam.
Tujuan penelitian ini meliputi: pertama mempelajari pengaruh pemberian
dosis pupuk cair pada pertumbuhan tanaman sawi, kedua mempelajari
pengaruh serapan N dan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi, ketiga mempelajari
pengaruh frekuensi pemberian pupuk cair pada pertumbuhan tanaman sawi.
Hipotesis penelitian ini meliputi: pertama, semakin meningkat pemberian
dosis pupuk cair mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi, kedua,
semakin besar serapan N tanaman maka makin tinggi pertumbuhan tanaman
sawi, dan ketiga semakin tinggi frekuensi pemberian pupuk cair maka
Diunduh dari: images.soemarno.multiply.multiplycontent.com/.../... 13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Nature and Properties of Some Cultivated Entisols

Under Peach Orchards Communications in Soil
Science and Plant Analysis
Volume 35, Issue 11-12, 2004
Entisols have developed from Quaternary deposits in northwestern
Turkey under xeric moisture and thermic temperature regimes. The
morphological features and physico-chemical properties of ten soil
profiles representing the major Entisols under Mediterranean climate
in northwestern Turkey were studied.
These soils show a similar variation in morphological, physical, and
chemical properties as a result of similar parent material, topography,
climate, and vegetation. Entisols were developed in the 700mm
precipitation zone.
These soils occur in nearly flat areas and are characterized by being
dry in summers and moist in winter months. It is believed that
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PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Mineralogical characteristics of the clay fraction of

Entisols.
Recio, P.; Garca-Gonzlez, M. T.; Garca Vicente, J.
Agrobiologa 1980 Vol. 39 No. 11/12 pp. 1941-1960
The morphological, chemical and mineralogical
characteristics of two vertic xerofluvents from la Sagra,
Toledo, Spain, developed from tertiary sediments, are
described.
The sand fraction of both profiles consisted predominantly
of quartz, with small amounts of felspars, calcite and
micas; gypsum was present in one profile.
Fraksi liat didominasi oleh illite, di-iringi oleh kaolinit,
vermikulit dan khlorit. Oksida-oksida amorf, terutama
Diunduh dari: http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19841985699.html
besi, jumlahnya berlebihan. 13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Humus formation in Entisols from

horticultural waste.
Singh, L.; Nigem, R.; De, S. K.
Pochvovedenie 1990 No. 9 pp. 136-139
Humus formation in Entisols was studied in a pot
experiment for 30 and 60 days using apple peel, mango
peel and banana peel at three moisture levels:
unsaturated (20%), saturated (40%) and over-saturated
(70%) water holding capacity.
More - and -humic acids were obtained from apple peel
than banana or mango peels at saturated and
unsaturated moisture levels, resp.
Setelah 60 hari, humifikasi lebih baik pada dosis aplikasi
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PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Developments in Soil Salinity Assessment and Reclamation. 2013, pp

717-722
Exploring Soil Salinity Management in Entisols Using Trickle
Irrigation System
M. Nurul Alam Akhand, Basel Al Araj
Entisols are common soils in the arid regions and have the potential
for irrigated agriculture. Irrigation management is one of the
practices that can assist in achieving such a goal. In fact, irrigation
methods along with better scheduling can manage the wetting-front
movement and salt accumulation in the root zone. Micro-irrigation
methods are usually desirable under water scarcity/salinity situations
to facilitate water conservation and managing soil salinity.
Pola emitter segitiga meminimumkan perkembangan salinitas tanah
dibandingkan dengan perkembangan salinitas pada pola tipe-square
, melalui proses overlapping bidang pembasahan dan pencuciannya
lebih lanjut.
Emitter yg lebih rapat juga menghasilkan overlaps bidang
pembasahan, dan membantu mengurangi akumulasi garam.
Diunduh dari: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-007-5684-7_46

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Sudani Des. Res. 3(1).' 496], 20H

Assessment and Mapping of Wind Erodibility of Aridisols and Entisols
in the Nile State, Sudan.
Abdelmonim Ahmed Hassan and Mukhtar Ahmed Nlustafa
The mean NEP (non erodible particle) values ranged from 4.3 to
98.1% with an overall mean coefficient of variation of replicate
determinations equal to The equivalent WE ranged from to 470.4
ton/ha. The results showed a highly significant (P 0.001) power
increase of NEP with increase 0f clay (C). CaCO3 and organic matter
(OM)` and decrease with increase of sand and sand plus silt
expressed, successively, as ratios of clay, clay plus OM and clay plus
CaC03. The reverse trends were obtained for the relations of WE
and the various soil properties and their ratios.
Multiple regressions relationships of NEP or WE with sand, CaCO3,
and OM gave coefficients of determinations equal to 65 and 69%,
respectively. Thus, it was recommended that clay or
(Si+S)f'(C+CaCO3) should be used for predicting NEP and the
standard table should be used to get the equivalent WE. A table for
wind erodibility groups was developed.
Diunduh dari: staffcv.uofk.edu/agriculture/Soil/mamustafa/.../paper%2072.pdf 13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

ALVA, A.K., PARAMASIVAM, S., WHEATON, T.A., SYVERTSEN, J.P.,

TUCKER, D.H. OPTIMAL CITRUS PRODUCTION AND WATER QUALITY IN
SANDY ENTISOLS. INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE
PROCEEDINGS, Orlando, FL, p. 338. 2000..
Groundwater nitrate-N (NO3-N) levels above10 mg L-1 have been found in
some parts of the central Florida citrus production region where soils with
>95% sand have no confining soil horizons (Entisols).
Mature Hamlin orange tree on Cleopatra Mandarin rootstock were growing on
a well drained Tavares fine sand (hyperthermic, uncoated Typic
Quartzipsamments) in Highland County, Florida. Nitrogen rates from 112 to
280 kg ha-1 yr-1 were applied as eithe fertigation (FRT; 15 appl yr-1), water
soluble granular (WSG; 4 appl yr-1), a combination of 50% FRT and 50% WSG
(2 + 15 appl yr-1), or controlled- release fertilizer (CRF; 1 appl yr-1).
Tensiometers (15 and 30 cm depth) were used to schedule irrigation to
minimize leaching. Leaching was estimated from tensiometers located below
the rooting depth where leached NO3-N was sampled using suction
lysimeters. Within an N rate, mean fruit yield, over 6 years, was greater with
FRT or WSG forms of N than that with either WSG+FRT or CRF sources.
Optimum fruit yield was obtained at about 250 kg N ha-1 where the spring
flush N concentration was within the range of 2.5 to 2.7%.
Most of the water and nutrient leaching occurred during May through

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PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Grain Yield Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to Tied

Ridges and Planting Methods on Entisols and Vertisols of
Alemaya Area, Eastern Ethiopian Highlands
Heluf Gebrekidan
Jour. of Agric. and Rural Development in the Tropics and
Subtropics . Vol 104, No 2 (2003)
Flat bed planting produced the lowest grain yields on all sets of experiments
except under the unfertilized condition of Entisols in which open end planting
on ridges produced the lowest sorghum yield. Within the tied ridges, closed
end performed better than open end in all except the Vertisols without N and
P fertilizers.
Compared with the traditional (flat bed) planting method, the highest yield
increment of 1361 kg/ha (34.5%) due to tied ridges was obtained on the
Entisols with NP followed by 1255 kg/ha (48.5%), indicating that the yield
response to water conservation treatments was higher under fertilized than
under unfertilized conditions.
Fertilization increased the yield of sorghum by as high as 1576 kg/ha (69.5%)
on Vertisols and by 1468 kg/ha (38.3%) on Entisols both from planting in the
furrows of closed end tied ridges. The study also revealed that the yield
response was higher in seasons with low or poorly distributed rains and on
Diunduh
http://www.jarts.info/index.php/jarts/article/view/21

13/2/2013
shallow
and dari:
coarse
textured soils.T he results indicate that
in areas
with low

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science. 2009, Volume :

57, Issue : 1. p. 76- 80
Assessment of Field Indicators of Soil Quality following Longterm Cultivation of Pulses on Entisols in Indo Gangetic Plain
GaneshamurthyA.N.,Srinivasarao
Pulse crops, in addition to enriching the soil with nitrogen,
have the ability to improve the soil quality. To understand the
impact of continuous cultivation of pulses on soil health,
eleven field indicators of soil quality were assessed in three
systems viz., continuous pulse crops, farmer's practice of
random non-pulse crop rotations and uncultivated barren
lands on Entisols in Indo Gangetic plain.
The measured soil quality indicators allowed us to infer an
unambiguous quality improvement in plots cultivating pulses
continuously compared to farmer's fields, which had nonpulse crops for the past 15 years.
The barren land showed the lowest values.
Indikator lapanganDiunduh
dalam
penelitian
ini dapai dipakai oleh
dari:
13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Soil changes following long-term cultivation of

pulses
Ganeshamurthy AN
Journal of Agricultural Science. [2009, 147(6):699-706]
Studies were conducted on Entisols to understand the effects of continuous
pulse cultivation on soil chemical, physical and biological properties by
comparing with continuous non-pulse crops and uncultivated soils. Soils of a
Typic Ustochrept, developed from the same parent material, from 16-year-old
pulse cultivation fields, non-pulse crop fields and uncultivated fallow fields in
a location with uniform topography were analysed using a polyphasic
approach combining traditional soil physical and chemical analysis, culturedependent and independent microbiological analysis and enzymatic analysis.
Among the soil physical properties, only soil aggregate stability and soil
compaction showed significant improvement in soils under pulses than nonpulse crops. Compared to uncultivated fallows, the soil pH after pulse
cultivation was about 1 unit lower while non-pulse crop cultivation reduced it
by 036. The chemical and biological variables that contribute most to the
discrimination of the pulses effect and non-pulse crops effect on soil quality
are organic carbon (C), microbial biomass C, nitrogen (N) and biomass
ninhydrin-N, and secondary variables related to N cycle:nitrate (NO3N),
organicDiunduh
and total
N. The enzyme activities were significantly
higher in
dari: soluble
http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND44288838
13/2/2013

PENGELOLAAN TANAH

ENTISOLS

Micronutrient distribution and their association

with soil properties in Entisols of Punjab
SHARMAB. D. ; AGGARWALV. K. ; MUKHOPADHYAYS. S. ;
ARORAHarsh
Indian journal of agricultural science. 2002,vol.72,no6,pp.334-340
An investigation was carried out during 2000 to study surface and profile distribution of
total and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable zinc, copper,
manganese and iron in Entisols of Punjab. The soils were developed on sand-dunes,
floodplains and Siwalik hills region. They showed gradual increase in the fineness of soil
texture from sanddune to the mountain region and were associated with aridic, ustic
and udic moisture regime. The soils were stratified, near neutral to alkaline (pH 6.5 to
9.0) and calcareous. In general, total and DTPA-extractable micronutrients were higher
in surface horizons and decreased in subsurface horizons. Soil taxonomic units had a
influence on the spatial distribution for total and available content of micronutrient in
these soils. The total content varied from 15 to 76 mg/kg for zinc, from 1 to 31 mg/kg
for copper, from 100 to 1 350 mg/kg for manganese and from 0.80 to 3.70% for iron.
The DTPA-extractable content varied 0.08-1.88 mg/kg for zinc, 0.04-2.40 mg/kg for
copper, 0.20-27.7 mg/kg for manganese and 0.50-23.0 mg/ kg for iron. Both total and
available micronutrients were higher in the fine-textured soils of Orthents and Fluvents
than the coarse-textured soils of Psamments. The total content ofmicronutrients
increased with increase in clay content and cation-exchange capacity (CEC), whereas
DTPA-extractable micronutrient increased with increase in organic carbon content and
CFC,
and decreased
with increasing pH and sand content. The total
reserve
of Zn and
Diunduh
dari: http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=14431993

13/2/2013

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Genesis and classification of Entisols in Mediterranean climate in

Northwest of Turkey
Gokhan Ozsoy and Ertugrul Aksoy
Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol.9 (3&4): 998-1004.
2011
The soils are neogene aged AC horizon and have parent material mostly
cemented with lime. Four of them were formed on steep slopes where soil
erosion is in crucial stage and classified as Orthents. They were weakly
developed, commonly on such steep slopes, subject to erosion and were
usually very shallow and rocky soils and had moisture limitations due to the
Mediterranean climate. The other two profiles were from young river terraces
and classified as Fluvents due to their morphological, chemical and physical
characteristics.
They we re very deep soils with flat topography and very fertile soils for
agricultural use but they had some physical limitations because of inaccurate
and intensive cultivation. The main limiting factors regarding soil
productivity for the studied soils were soil shallowness, summer drought, low
organic matter content and high contents of CaCO3 and clay.
Problem related to salinity and alkalinity was not found in the studied soils.
Diunduh
dari:
http://www.isfae.org/scientficjournal/2011/issue3/pdf/Environment/070.pdf
The soil
profiles
were classified up to subgroup level as Typic Xerorthent,

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Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science. 2006, Volume : 54, Issue
: 2 p.208 - 212
Different Forms of Sulphur and their Relationship with Properties of
Entisols of Jaipur District (Rajasthan) under Mustard Cultivation
JatJ.R.,YadavB.L.
The total S content in mustard growing soils of Jaipur district ranged from
101.30 to 302.40 mgkg1 with a mean value of 154.28 mgkg1. The mean
values of organic-S, S04-S and non-sulphate-S were 36.39, 14.52 and 102.12
mg kg1, respectively.
All the forms of sulphur gave significant positive correlation with organic
carbon indicating sulphur as the integral part of soil organic matter.
Correlation studies between silt, clay and forms of sulphur indicate that
appreciable quantity of sulphur was adsorbed on finer fractions of soils.
Significant negative correlation was observed with sand but had nonsignificant correlation with pH of soils except S04-S,
The step-down multiple regression equations revealed that organic carbon
had greater impact on different forms of sulphur followed by soil texture.

Sekitar 33.75% tanah-tanah yang diteliti mengalami defisien sulfur

Diunduh dari: http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?

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ENTISOLS

Soil Erosion Management Practices in the Prefecture of Kilkis,

Northern Greece
A. Haroulis, Th. Karyotis, M. Toulios and Th. Mitsimponas
12th ISCO Conference. Beijing 2002
These soils cover mainly hilly areas, have been classified as Entisols,
Inceptisols or Alfisols, and are usually cultivated by wheat, maize, cotton,
tobacco and sugar beets. Pronounced differences on soil depth, texture,
water holding capacity, and nutrients have been recorded. Available
phosphorus was very low in the subsurface layers, whilst potassium ranges in
the ploughing layers and magnesium was in normal levels. Nutrient loss is
quite severe and nitrogen leaching seems to play a dominant role in the
decline of the crop yield, hence on farmers income. Attention should be paid
in the water shortage during the dry season, which affect land cover and
erosion risk is increased during the rainy season.
In particular, it can be argued that in this semi-arid region the following
measures and practices may be adopted such as: the policy of subsidies
which encourage farmers for rotation or set aside of marginal areas,
incentives for reforestration, minimum ploughing and/or ploughing along
contour-lines, rational irrigation by means of the extension of drip irrigation
systems
may
be applied, avoidance the burning of plant residues
after
Diunduh
dari:
www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/isco/.../SoilErosionManagementPractices.pdf

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Journal American Society of Sugarcane Technologists, Vol.22,

2002
EFFECT OF Si-RICH SLAG AND LIME ON P LEACHING IN SANDY
SOILS
V.V. Matichenkov, E.A. Bocharnikova, B. Ande, P. Ande, D. V.
Calvert
Phosphorus (P) contamination of natural surface and subsurface waters
draining from agricultural soils is a persistent environmental and economic
problem in Florida. A silicon (Si) soil amendment (Si-rich slag) and lime
(CaCO3) were compared to determine their effects on P leaching from
cultivated Spodosols, Entisols and Alfisols in soil columns and in
greenhouse experiments with Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Fluigge) grown
under various levels of P fertilization.
The Si slag reduced P leaching considerably more than lime in all soils
investigated. Lime transformed plant-available P into plant-unavailable forms,
while Si slag maintained P in a plant-available form. In greenhouse
experiments, plant growth responses were greater from Si slag-treated soil
than from P fertilization.
The Si slag improved P availability and had a positive effect on the

Diunduh dari: www.assct.org/journal/JASSCT%20PDF%20Files/.../matichenkov2.p.

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ENTISOLS

Inorganic phosphorus forms in some entisols and aridisols of

Egypt
Sabry M. Shaheen a, Christos D. Tsadilas b,, Stamatis
Stamatiadis
Geoderma 142 (2007) 217225
Among the P availability indices determined,Olsen-P concentration was
highest in fluvial soils, Chang and Jackson-P in lacustrine and calcareous soils,
while Mehlich1-P inmarine, fluvio-sandy and sandy soils.
Ammonium oxalate-P was not detected in all soils. The dominant P fraction
was HClPmaking up 68, 66, 58, 52, and 30% of the fractionated P in fluvial,
marine, lacustrine, calcareous, and sandy & fluvio-sandy soils, respectively.
Citrate bicarbonate dithionate-P (CBDP) was not found in all the studied
samples.
The relative abundance of P fractions was in the order: HClPNresidualPNNaOHPNNaHCO3PNCBPNCBDP. The extracted fractions, except
NaHCO3P, correlated with CBD, ammonium oxalate and total Fe, Al, Mn, and
Si as well as with clay content, cation exchange capacity, organic matter
content, and active calcium carbonate ratio. Mehlich1-P and Soltanpour-P
were negatively correlated to these soil properties.
Diunduh
dari:correlated
www.researchgate.net/...entisols.../32bfe5123cba66119c.pdf
14/2/2013
Olsen-P
with all soil inorganic P fractions. Bray1-P, Chang
&

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ENTISOLS

Chemical composition and salinity of leachate in two soils

cultivated with onion irrigated with saline water.
Pessoa, L. G. M.; Oliveira, E. E. M.; Freire, M. B. G. dos S.; Freire, F. J.; Miranda,
M. A.; Santos, R. L. Dos
Revista Brasileira de Cincias Agrrias. 2010 Vol. 5 No. 3 pp. 406-412
Aiming to evaluate leachate chemical composition and salinity from two
Fluvic Entisols of Pernambuco-Brazil, cultivated with onions irrigated with
saline water, an experiment was carried out in random blocks, in a factorial
arrange 236 (two soil types - silty clay loam and sandy loam -, three levels
of electrical conductivity - 200, 700 and 2.000 S cm-1 and six levels of
sodium adsorption ratio - 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (mmol c L-1)1/2), with four
repetitions. After 30, 60 and 90 days of the transplanting the leached from
the pots was collected for composition evaluation.
Levels of cation, chlorine, electrical conductivity and leachate sodium
adsorption ratio, collected at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting, with
increasing salinity of irrigation water, were observed. Only 90 days after
transplanting, the leachate from the soil of silty clay loam texture surpassed
the levels of cation and chloride compared to leachate from sandy loam soil.
Thus, more saline irrigation water promotes greater lose of elements in the
soil because of their removal, which occur more slowly in soils of thinner
Diunduh dari: http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20113111854.html 14/2/2013

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Lins, I.D.G., F.R. Cox, and JJ. Nicholaides Il. 1985.

Optimizing phosphorus fertilization rates for soybuns grown
on Oxisols and associated Entiol.
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 49:1457-1460.
Although soils vary considerably In their P sorption characteristics, this factor
is often not considered ina soil test Interpretation. One soil property closely
related to P sorption is clay content. Residual P studies were conducted for 4
yr on three tropical soils of similar clay mineralogy, two Oxisols of 63 and
27% clay, and a Quartzipsamment of 12% clay. The Mehlich 1 (1:10)
extractable P level was described as a function of time, initial soil P level, and
P fertilization rate.
One crop of soybeans (Glycixe max (L) Merr.] was grown each year and the
yield related to extractable P, which, in turn, was related to the initial P soil !
oval and P fertilization rate for a period of 1 yr. Based on a soybean price of
$0.23/kg and a fertilizer P price of $1.23/kg. rates of P were calculated for
each of the three soils that would maximize net returns for various initial
levels of extractable P.
As these rates differed markedly with clay content, a soil test interpretation
was created by multiple regression based upon both Mehlich-1 extractable P
concentration and clay percentage to predict a recommended rate of fertiliter
phosphorusDiunduh
(R) asdari:
follows:
R = 80 - 2.57(soil P) + 0.01386(clay)
2 0.03281(soil
pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNABK210.pdf
14/2/2013

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HORTSCIENCE 44(1):145150. 2009.

Response of Young and Maturing Citrus Trees Grown on a
Sandy Soil to Irrigation Scheduling, Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate,
and Nitrogen Application Method
Kelly T. Morgan , T. Adair Wheaton, William S. Castle, and
Laurence R. Parsons.
Methods of applying N included a dry granular fertilizer (DGF)
containing soluble N applied four times annually or a controlledrelease fertilizer (CRF) applied once per year and fertigation applied
either four (FG04) or 30 (FG30) times annually.
Critical N rates for both canopy volume and yield were between 178
and 200 kg. ha1. The CRF and FG30 treatments produced larger
trees and higher yields compared with FG04 and DGF in the young
tree study, indicating that younger trees benefitted from frequent
split fertilizer applications.
As the trees matured and filled their allocated space, the two
irrigation rates were continued and N was applied at six rates using
either
DGF
or hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/44/1/145.full.pdf
FG30. For these 8- to 10-year-old trees, critical
values
Diunduh
dari:
14/2/2013

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ENTISOLS

Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim No. 19/2001

Dinamika Hara Nitrogen pada Tanah Sawah
N.S. Mulyani, M.E. Suryadi, S. Dwiningsih, dan
Haryanto.
Pergerakan nitrogen dalam air genangan pada tanah Entisols sampai
hari ke tujuh, menunjukkan konsentrasi N-amonium lebih tinggi dari
pada N-nitrat, selanjutnya konsentrasi N-nitrat lebih besar daripada
N-amonium.
Pergerakan N dalam tanah Entisols menunjukkan konsentrasi Namonium sampai hari ke-28 lebih tinggi dari pada N-nitrat.
Serapan N dari pupuk oleh tanaman padi, tertinggi pada tanah
Inceptisols sebesar 78,0% dan terendah pada tanah Entisols sebesar
17,2%.

Diunduh dari: 124.81.86.163/ojs/index.php/jti/article/.../185- 14/2/2013

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.. dan
selanjutnya
Foto:smno.kampus.ub.janu2013