Fluorosurfactante
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Perfluorooctanesulfonic_acid_structure.svg/220px-Perfluorooctanesulfonic_acid_structure.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/PFOS-anion-3D-vdW.png/220px-PFOS-anion-3D-vdW.png)
Fluorosurfactantes o per- o polyfluoroalkylate substantias (PFAS), son compositos chimic organofluorate synthetic tenente multiple fluor atomos. Son sovente qualificate de "polluentes eternal" (forever chemicals (FC) in anglese).
Se distingue compositos polyfluorate e perfluorate.[1][2]
Son plus effective pro abassar le tension superficial de aqua que comparabile surfactantes organic. Illos ha un "cauda" fluorate hydrophobe e un "capite" hydrophile.
Alcun fluorosurfactantes, como PFOS, son detectate in alimentos[3][4], humanes[5] e altere organismos vivente.
Typos
[modificar | modificar fonte]Un database sul toxicitate del Agentia per le Protection del Ambiente de Statos Unite (EPA), DSSTox, lista 14'735 PFAS,[6] e PubChem usque circa 6 miliones.[7]
- PFOA acido perfluorooctanoic
- PFOS perfluorooctansulfonato
- PFBA acido perfluorobutanoic
- PfHxA acido perfluoroesanoic
- PFBS acido perfluorobutansulfonic
- PFNA Perfluorononanoato de ammonio
- C6O4 ammonio ((2,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-5-(trifluorometossi)-1,3-diossolan-4-il)ossi) difluoro acetato
- GenX 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(eptafluoropropossi)-propanoato de ammonio
- Cl-PFPE-CA Chloroperfluoropolyether carbossilato
- PTFE o Polytetrafluoroethylene, cuje le Teflon AF.
Sanitate
[modificar | modificar fonte]Un exposition recurrente e durabile al PFAS pote inducer un risco pro sanitate.[11]
Le prime studios in medio professional revelava nivellos importante de productos chimic fluorate, principalmente acido perfluorooctanesulfonic (PFOS) e acido perfluorooctanoic (PFOA, C8), in sanguine del operatores, ma sin detectar alcun effecto nocive, le dosas essente inferior al nivellos identificate como toxic o cancerogene in animales.[12]. Nonobstante, le contamination individual essente quasipermanente (semivita de elimination seric del PFAS inter 4 e 5 annos) e le contamination ambiental essente generalisate, un accumulation se produce in corpore human usque dosas potente esser nocive pro sanitate.[13]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Effects_of_exposure_to_PFASs_on_human_health.svg/550px-Effects_of_exposure_to_PFASs_on_human_health.svg.png)
Referentias
[modificar fonte]- ↑ OECD (2021). Reconciling Terminology of the Universe of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Recommendations and Practical Guidance. OECD Publishing.
- ↑ "A New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances" (December 2021). Environmental Science & Technology 55 (23): 15575–15578. doi: . PMID 34751569. Bibcode: 2021EnST...5515575W.
- ↑ https://www.rtbf.be/article/pollution-aux-pfas-les-habitants-des-communes-concernees-invites-a-ne-pas-consommer-oeufs-et-legumes-produits-localement-un-numero-vert-active-11284620
- ↑ https://www.lyoncapitale.fr/actualite/des-polluants-eternels-detectes-dans-les-oeufs-de-12-communes-de-la-metropole-de-lyon
- ↑ https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/auvergne-rhone-alpes/haute-savoie/enquete-polluants-eternels-du-pfoa-detecte-dans-le-sang-des-habitants-de-rumilly-en-haute-savoie-2880197.html
- ↑ PFAS structures in DSSTox (update August 2022). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Recuperate le 2022-10-21. "List consists of all DTXSID records with a structure assigned, and using a set of substructural filters based on community input."
- ↑ NBCI:PubChem Classification Browser – PFAS and Fluorinated Compounds in PubChem Tree.
- ↑ https://www.aulss8.veneto.it/nodo.php/3440%7Ctitolo=Azienda ULSS 8 Berica: Pfas - Sostanze Perfluroalchiliche
- ↑ PFAS - Regione del Veneto.
- ↑ Sostanze perfluoroalchiliche (PFAS) - ECHA. Recuperate le 17 agosto 2022-08-17.
- ↑ https://www.auvergne-rhone-alpes.ars.sante.fr/mieux-comprendre-les-pfas-leurs-effets-les-textes-applicables#:~:text=Les%20compos%C3%A9s%20PFAS,aux%20fortes%20chaleurs%20et%20imperm%C3%A9abilisantes.
- ↑ Le sulfonate de perfluorooctane (SPFO), ses sels et ses précurseurs – fiche d’information ; Governamento canadian, 2006.
- ↑ Alexandre-Reza Kokabi (2020-05-19). Téflon : les molécules toxiques « s’incrustent partout, jusqu’aux tréfonds de l’Arctique ». Reporterre.
- ↑ Emerging chemical risks in Europe — 'PFAS'. European Environment Agency (2019).
- ↑ (2016) "Some Chemicals Used as Solvents and in Polymer Manufacture", IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 110.
- ↑ "Analysis of PFOA in dosed CD-1 mice. Part 2. Disposition of PFOA in tissues and fluids from pregnant and lactating mice and their pups" (June 2009). Reproductive Toxicology 27 (3–4): 365–372. doi: . PMID 19429407.