Birmingham

Birmingham (Yîn-ngî: Birmingham) he Yîn-koet Yîn-kak-làn West Midlands khî-vet West Midlands khiùn ke Thai-hîn kûng-ngia̍p sàng-sṳ, kí 2013-ngièn thúng-kie sú-sṳ, kâi sàng ngìn-khiéu yû 1,092,330 ngìn, he Yîn-koet chhù Lùn-tûn ngoi chui-thai ke sàng-sṳ^[1]. Khì só-chhai ke West Midlands chû ha̍p tû-sṳ chhai 2011-ngièn yû 2,440,986 ngìn, he Yîn-koet thi-sâm-thai kien sṳ̀n khî ^[2], khì Tû-fi-khî chhai 2012-ngièn yû 3,701,107 ngìn, he Yîn-koet thi-ngi thai Tû-fi-khî. ^[3]

chhai chûng Sṳ-ki ke sṳ̀-hèu Birmingham chṳ́-he yit-ke chûng hîn ke si̍p chṳ́n, 18 Sṳ-ki sṳ̀n-vì Yîn-koet chûng-phu thi-khî khí mùng yun-thûng ke Fat-ngièn-thi, kâ-sông sùi-heu ke kûng-ngia̍p kiet miang, Birmingham ke Koet-chi thi-vi thai vì thì-kô ^[4]. Hien-chhai Birmingham chú-yeu yî fu̍k-vu-ngia̍p vì-chú ^[5], he Beta kip chhiòn-khiù sàng-sṳ^[6]. Khì tû-fi kîn-chi thí chhai Yîn-koet ya kiùn chhṳ́ yî Lùn-tûn ^[3], kâ-sông chhṳ́ thi yû liuk só Thai-ho̍k, Birmingham sṳ̀n-vì-liáu Lùn-tûn yî-ngoi chui-thai ke kô-tén kau-yuk chûng-sîm ^[7].

Kién-kie

Kîn-chi

Chṳn-chhṳ

Vùn-fa lâu kau-yuk

Yîm-ngo̍k

Thai-ho̍k

Thù-sû-kwón

Chhùng-yeu ngìn-vu̍t

Yû-hó sàng-sṳ

Chhâm-kháu vùn-hien

↑ "2011 Census: Population and household estimates fact file, unrounded estimates, local authorities in England and Wales (Excel sheet 708Kb)" (xls). Office for National Statistics. 24 September 2012. 30 December 2013 chhà-khon.
↑ "2011 Census - Built-up areas". ONS. 4 July 2013 chhà-khon.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Istrate, Emilia; Nadeau, Carey Anne (November 2012). "Global MetroMonitor". Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. 23 December 2013 chhà-khon.
↑ 模板:Harvnb; 模板:Harvnb
↑ "Employee jobs (2012)". Nomis – official labour market statistics. Office for National Statistics. 29 March 2014 chhà-khon.
↑ "The World According to GaWC 2010". Globalization and World Cities Research Network. 18 September 2011 chhà-khon.
↑ "Table 0 – All students by institution, mode of study, level of study and domicile 2008/09". Higher education Statistics Agency. 31 January 2011 chhà-khon. ; Aldred, Tom (2009). "University Challenge: Growing the Knowledge Economy in Birmingham" (PDF). London: Centre for Cities. p. 12. Archived from the original (pdf) on 11 November 2013. 11 November 2013 chhà-khon.

[ONS-2001-2011_census-1] "2011 Census: Population and household estimates fact file, unrounded estimates, local authorities in England and Wales (Excel sheet 708Kb)" (xls). Office for National Statistics. 24 September 2012. 30 December 2013 chhà-khon.

[BUA2011-2] "2011 Census - Built-up areas". ONS. 4 July 2013 chhà-khon.

[BrookingsMetroEconomy-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Istrate, Emilia; Nadeau, Carey Anne (November 2012). "Global MetroMonitor". Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. 23 December 2013 chhà-khon.

[indsoc-4] 模板:Harvnb; 模板:Harvnb

[nomisweb-5] "Employee jobs (2012)". Nomis – official labour market statistics. Office for National Statistics. 29 March 2014 chhà-khon.

[TheWorld-6] "The World According to GaWC 2010". Globalization and World Cities Research Network. 18 September 2011 chhà-khon.

[7] "Table 0 – All students by institution, mode of study, level of study and domicile 2008/09". Higher education Statistics Agency. 31 January 2011 chhà-khon. ; Aldred, Tom (2009). "University Challenge: Growing the Knowledge Economy in Birmingham" (PDF). London: Centre for Cities. p. 12. Archived from the original (pdf) on 11 November 2013. 11 November 2013 chhà-khon.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]