Mutanen Kanembu
 | |
| Yankuna masu yawan jama'a | |
|---|---|
| Cadi, Najeriya da Nijar |
Kanembu kabila ce ta Chadi, galibi ana daukarta zuriyar zamani na Daular Kanem-Bornu . [1] Lambar Kanembu an kiyasta kimanin mutane 655,000, [2] wadanda suke a farko a lardin Lac na Chadi amma kuma a lardunan Chari-Baguirmi da Kanem. [3] Suna magana da yaren Kanembu, wanda yaren Kanuri ya samo asali, tare da yawa suna magana da Larabci a matsayin yare na biyu.
Bayanin Lantarki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmar Kanembu na nufin "mutanen [ bu ] na Kanem ."
Tarihi
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Fiye da shekaru dubu Masarautar Kanem-Bornu ta kasance tana da karfi a tsakiyar Arewacin Afirka. Tasirin tasirinsa ya mamaye Gabashin Najeriya da Nijar, da arewacin Chadi, Kamaru, da Libya. Mazaunan nata sun yi kasuwanci tare da Misira kuma sun ɗauki nauyin makarantun Islamiyya har zuwa Alexandria. Ayarin rakumanta sun isa tsarkakakkun biranen Makka da Madina. Har zuwa farkon shekarar 1900s da Turawan Faransa suka mamaye wannan yanki, Daular Kanem-Bornu ita ce babbar iko a tsakiyar tsakiyar Arewacin Afirka.
A karshen karni na goma sha biyu, Kanembu ya koma cikin yankin da ke Yankin Kanem a yau. Sannu a hankali sun zama masu zaman kansu kuma sun kafa babban birni a Njimi ; a lokaci guda, suka ci gaba da fadada soja na kafa Daular Kanem . Iyakar wannan masarautar ta farko ta zo ne tare da mulkin Mai (Sarki) Dunama Dabbalemi na daular Sayfawa, wanda ya yi sarauta daga shekarar 1221 zuwa 1259. Shi ne na farko daga cikin Kanembu da ya musulunta, ya yi shelar jihadi a kan kabilun da ke kewaye da shi kuma ya kaddamar da wani dogon lokaci na mamaya. Bayan sun inganta yankinsu a kusa da Tafkin Chadi sai suka doshi arewa a Fezzan da yamma a kasashen Hausa .
A karshen karni na goma sha hudu, amma, rarrabuwa a cikin gida ya raunana daular Kanem sosai, wanda ya tilasta wa daular Sayfawa komawa zuwa Borno a gabar yamma da tafkin Chadi . Auren Kanem tare da mutanen yankin na wannan yankin ya haifar da wata sabuwar kabila, mai suna Kanuri ; Kanembu yana riƙe da dangi na kusa da Kanuri har zuwa yau. [1]
A yau mutanen Kanembu rukuni daya ne na zuriyar wannan daula da ta taba samun nasara sosai, kuma har yanzu masarautunsu da sarakunan gargajiya suna da tasiri fiye da hukumomin gwamnati. Tare da kungiyar yare mai alaka da Kanuri, su ne suka fi yawa a cikin rukuni tsakanin arewacin gabar Tafkin Chadi da Saharar Sahara. Al'adar su ta gidaje da suttura bata canza sosai ba tun zamanin mulkin mallaka.
Tattalin arziki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kanembu su ne 'yan kasuwar Chadi. Kashi 75 zuwa 80 cikin 100 na dukkan chanan kasuwar da ke Chadi su ne Kanembu, wanda ke sanya su, daya daga cikin rukunin Chadungiyoyin masu arzikin Chadi. Rukuni ne wadanda suma suka tsunduma cikin harkar noma da kiwo. Alkama, gero da masara ana kiwon su a kusa da tabki, amma da yake ƙasar ba ta da iyaka kuma ba ta da tsarin hanya, karancin kasuwancin noma ya bunkasa. Kamar yadda suke rayuwa a gefen Sahara, yunwa ma wata barazana ce a gare su da ruwan sama kawai ke zuwa lokacin watan Yuli, Agusta da kuma watan Satumba.
Addini
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A mafi yawan tarihin daular Kanem-Bornu ta kasance Musulma ce, suna bin dokokin Islama. A zamanin yau wannan yana gauraya da imanin gargajiya na Afirka, bautar Islama ta zama abin da ya dace da al'ada tare da ruhaniya a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun. Za a ga maza, mata, musamman yara kanana sanye da kananan jakunkunan fata ko layu wadanda ke dauke da ayoyi na musamman na Alkur'ani ko bawon shanu don nisantar sharri. Marabous, malamai na ruhaniya, yawanci ana neman su don ikon warkaswa ko don ikon su don sadarwa tare da ruhohi.
Halittar jini
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dangane da wani bincike daya, daya ( R1b ) Y-DNA haplogroup brougt da Baggara Balaraba yayi kashi 50% na Kanembu.
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Easley, Dr. Larry. "The Four Forest States of Africa." Oyo Empire. Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau. 2 Mar. 2009.
- Kehnide Salami, Yunusa Ph.D. "The Democratic Structure of Yoruba Political-Cultural Heritage." Department of Philosophy Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife. 29 Apr. 2009.
- Shillington, Kevin. History of Africa. 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan Limited, 1995
- Fasanya, Akin (2004). "The Original Religion of the Yorubas". archive