Ƙaddamar da kai
 Ƙaddamar da kai | |
|---|---|
principle of law (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Haƙƙoƙi |
| Bangare na |
international law (en) |
| Facet of (en) |
bourgeois nationalism (en) |
| Depicted by (en) |
self-determination (en) |
Haƙƙin jama'a na son kai [1] babban ka'ida ce a cikin dokokin duniya na zamani (wanda aka fi sani da jus cogens rule), wanda ke daure, kamar haka, akan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayin fassara mai iko na ƙa'idodin Yarjejeniya . [2] [3] Ya bayyana cewa, al'ummomi, bisa mutunta ka'idar 'yancin kai da daidaiton damammaki, suna da 'yancin zabar ikonsu da kuma matsayin siyasar kasa da kasa ba tare da tsangwama ba. [4]
An fara bayyana ra'ayin a cikin shekarun 1860s, kuma ya bazu cikin sauri bayan haka. [5][6] A lokacin da kuma bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, Firayim Ministan Tarayyar Soviet Vladimir Lenin da Shugaban Amurka Woodrow Wilson sun ƙarfafa ƙa'idar. [5] [6] Bayan ya sanar da maki goma sha huɗu a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1918, a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 1918 Wilson ya ce: "Dole ne a mutunta buri na ƙasa; mutane na iya zama rinjaye kuma a yanzu ta hanyar yardarsu kawai. 'Ƙaddamar da kai' ba magana ce kawai ba; shi ne ka’ida ta aiki ta wajibi.”
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II, an haɗa ƙa'idar a cikin Yarjejeniya ta Atlantika, wanda aka ayyana a ranar 14 ga Agusta 1941, ta hannun Franklin D. Roosevelt, Shugaban Amurka, da Winston Churchill, Firayim Minista na Burtaniya, wanda ya yi alkawalin Babban maki takwas na Yarjejeniya. [7] An amince da ita a matsayin haƙƙin shari'a na duniya bayan an jera shi a fili a matsayin haƙƙi a cikin Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya .
Ka'idar ba ta bayyana yadda za a yanke shawara ba, ko kuma menene sakamakon zai kasance, ko 'yancin kai, tarayya, kariya, wani nau'i na 'yancin kai ko kuma cikakken hadewa . Haka nan bai bayyana abin da ya kamata a ce keɓe tsakanin mutane ba—ko abin da ya zama mutane . Akwai ma'anoni masu cin karo da juna da ma'auni na shari'a don tantance ko wane ƙungiyoyi ne za su iya da'awar haƙƙin yancin kai. [8]
A fa]a]a, kalmar }addamar da kai kuma tana nufin za~i ayyukan da mutum ya yi ba tare da tilastawa daga waje ba.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Self determination (international law)". LII / Legal Information Institute (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-09-19.
- ↑ See: United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514 in Wikisource states
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ See: Chapter I - Purposes and Principles of Charter of the United Nations
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Jörg Fisch (9 December 2015). A History of the Self-Determination of Peoples: The Domestication of an Illusion. Cambridge University Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-107-03796-0.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Knudsen, Rita Augestad (October 2013), Moments of Self-determination: The Concept of 'Self- determination' and the Idea of Freedom in 20th- and 21st- Century International Discourse (PDF), The London School of Economics and Political Science
- ↑ See: Clause 3 of the Atlantic Charter reads: "Third, they respect the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign rights and self government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them" then became one of the eight cardinal principal points of the Charter all people had a right to self-determination.
- ↑ Betty Miller Unterberger, "Self-Determination", Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy, 2002.