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'Yancin Dan Adam a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa

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'Yancin Dan Adam a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa
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Ƙasa Taraiyar larabawa

'Yancin Dan Adam a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) an hana su sosai. Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ba ta da cibiyoyin da aka zaba ta hanyar dimokuradiyya kuma 'yan ƙasa ba su da damar canza gwamnatinsu ko kafa jam'iyyun siyasa. Masu fafutuka da malamai da ke sukar gwamnati ana tsare su kuma ana ɗaure su, kuma galibi ana cin zarafin iyalansu ta hanyar kayan tsaro na jihar.[1] Akwai rahotanni game da bacewar tilasta wa 'yan kasashen waje da' yan ƙasar Emirati, waɗanda aka sace, aka tsare su kuma aka azabtar da su a wuraren da ba a bayyana ba, kuma an hana su damar yin saurin shari'a da samun damar samun shawara yayin binciken da gwamnatin UAE ta yi.[2][3][4][5] Human Rights Watch ta bayyana cewa dokokin Emirati suna kula da hukuncin kisa kuma suna nuna bambanci ga mata, baƙi da mutane LGBT.[1]

Gwamnati ta takaita 'yancin magana da' yancin yada labarai, kuma ana tantance kafofin watsa labarai na cikin gida don hana zargi da gwamnati, jami'an gwamnati ko iyalan sarauta. A sakamakon haka, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta kasance kusa da kasa na matakan kasa da kasa da yawa don haƙƙin ɗan adam da 'yancin' yan jarida.

Duk da cewa an zabe ta a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ba ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da haƙƙin aiki na kasa da kasa ba, gami da Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa, Yarjejeniyar Duniya kan' Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu, da Yarjejeniya kan Kare Hakkin Duk Ma'aikatan Mutanen Daularsu.

A watan Nuwamba 2020, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta sake fasalin tsarin shari'arta ga canje-canjen da suka hada da rage ƙuntatawa kan shan barasa, ba da izinin zama tare, kawar da ƙananan hukunci don kisan kai, da kuma cire hukuncin jiki a matsayin hanyar shari'a ta azabtarwa a cikin tsarin hukunci.[6][7]

Hukuncin kisa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kodayake an ba da izini, ba a amfani da hukuncin kisa a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa kamar yadda doka ta buƙaci cewa kwamitin alƙalai uku su yarda da yanke shawara na hukuncin kisa, wanda za'a iya sauya shi idan dangin wanda aka azabtar ya gafarta wa wanda aka yanke masa hukunci ko karɓar diyya ta kuɗi don laifin. Lokacin da iyali ta yarda da diyya ta kudi, kotun na iya ɗaure wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin aƙalla shekaru uku da matsakaicin shekaru bakwai.[8]

Ana aiwatar da kisa a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta hanyar ƙungiyar harbi.[9] Kafin 2020, dokar ta haɗa da dutse a matsayin wani nau'i na azabtarwa saboda dokar Shari'a da aka sanya a cikin dokar hukunci; babu rahotanni game da hukuncin da aka taɓa amfani da shi.[7][10][11][12]

Dokar Shari'a

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Dokar Shari'a ita ce babbar tushen doka ga dokar iyali ta Musulmi. Kotunan shari'a suna da iko na musamman don jin rikice-rikice na iyali, gami da batutuwan da suka shafi saki, gado, Kula da yara, cin zarafin yara da kula da Musulmai a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.[13] Duk sauran dokoki sun dogara ne akan dokar farar hula.[14]

An sabunta dokar azabtarwa ta Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a cikin 2020 don cire duk nau'ikan hukunci na doka da aka bayyana a cikin dokar Shari'a, ban da biyan kuɗin jini; waɗannan azabtarwa sun haɗa da bulala da dutse.[15] Sabuntawar ta yi gyare-gyare a Mataki na 1 don bayyana cewa "Tsarin Shari'a na Musulunci zai shafi fansa da laifukan kudi na jini. Sauran laifuka da hukunce-hukuncen su za a samar da su daidai da tanadin wannan Dokar da sauran ka'idojin hukunci masu amfani". [14] Dukkanin sanannun hukunce-hukuncen da suka hada da bulala an bayar da su kafin 2016, hukunce-hincen sun kasance ne don tuhume-tuhumen da ake zargi da yawa, gami da cin zarafin baki, cin zarafin jiki, cin zarafi na Musulmai; da kuma jima'i na waje; hukuncin ya kasance daga bulala 40-200.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Hukuncin dutse na ƙarshe da aka sani ya fito ne daga 2014; duk shari'o'in sun kasance don zina, kodayake ba a taɓa amfani da su ba.[25][26][27]

ridda

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

ridda wani laifi ne wanda za'a iya azabtar da shi ta hanyar mutuwa a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, amma babu sanannun shari'o'in ridda da ake gurfanar da su.[28]

Dokar Iyali

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Dokar Shari'a ta mutum ta tsara al'amuran kamar aure, kisan aure da kula da yara. Kotunan shari'a suna da iko na musamman don sauraron rikice-rikice na iyali, gami da batutuwan da suka shafi kisan aure, gado, kula da yara, cin zarafin yara da kula da yara.[29] Yin auren mata da yawa doka ce ga maza, kuma dole ne mata Musulmai su sami izini daga mai kula da namiji don yin aure da sake yin aure, kuma ba a yarda su auri wadanda ba Musulmai ba.[30] Kafin 2020, ana amfani da dokar Shari'a a wasu lokuta ga al'amuran matsayin mutum wadanda ba Musulmai ba, amma an canza dokar ta tarayya don amfani da dokar iyali ta farar hula ga wadanda ba Musulmi ba, a wannan lokacin an halatta zama tare kuma an yi tsarin shari'a ga yara da aka haifa a waje da aure.[31][32]

Laifukan da za a hukunta su

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rashin mutunci na dukkan addinai ba bisa ka'ida ba ne tun 2015, tare da azabtarwa na shekaru 5 a kurkuku, tarar dirhams dubu ɗari biyar zuwa miliyan 2, ko duka biyun; 'yan gudun hijira da ke da hannu a zagi Islama suna da alhakin korar su.[33][34]

Dokar tarayya a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta haramta yin rantsuwa a cikin WhatsApp kuma ta hukunta yin rantsuwa da tarar $ 68,061 da ɗaurin kurkuku; baƙi ana hukunta su ta hanyar korarsu. [35] [36][37] A watan Yulin 2015, an fitar da wani dan kasar Australia saboda rantsuwa a Facebook.[38][39][40][41]

Jima'i da jima'i na waje

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tun daga shekarar 2020, luwadi da jima'i na waje ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma ana iya hukunta su da akalla watanni 6 a kurkuku, amma ba a gurfanar da su "sai dai bisa ga korafi daga miji ko mai kula da doka", amma ana iya dakatar da hukuncin idan an dakatar da korafin.[42] Kafin wannan lokacin dokar Shari'a ta nuna cewa sodomy na iya zama laifi na kisa, amma babu wani shari'ar da aka rubuta da ta shafi hukuncin kisa. Babu sanannun kamawa ko gurfanar da aka sani don yin jima'i na jinsi ɗaya a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tun aƙalla 2015. [43]

Rashin da aka tilasta da azabtarwa

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A lokuta da yawa, gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta azabtar da mutanen da ke tsare (musamman baƙi da masu adawa da siyasa).[4][5]An san hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da yin amfani da azabtarwa a matsayin hanyar da za a tilasta musu ikirarin laifi.Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta tsere daga Arab Spring; duk da haka, an daure masu gwagwarmayar Emirati sama da 100 kuma an azabtarwa da su saboda suna neman sauye-sauye.[44][45][46] Tun daga shekara ta 2011, gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta ci gaba da aiwatar da bacewar tilasta.[2][3][47][48][49][50] Yawancin 'yan kasashen waje da' yan ƙasar Emirati an kama su kuma gwamnati ta sace su, gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta musanta cewa ana tsare waɗannan mutane (don ɓoye inda suke), ta sanya waɗannan mutane a waje da kariya ta doka.[2][45][51] A cewar Human Rights Watch, rahotanni na tilasta bacewar da azabtarwa a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa suna da matukar damuwa.[3]

Kungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Larabawa ta sami shaidu daga masu tuhuma da yawa, saboda rahotonta game da " bacewar tilasta da azabtarwa a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa", wadanda suka ba da rahoton cewa an sace su, an azabtar da su kuma an yi musu fyade a cibiyoyin tsare-tsare.[2][4][51] Rahoton ya haɗa da hanyoyi daban-daban 16 na azabtarwa ciki har da mummunan duka, barazanar wutan lantarki da ƙin samun damar samun kulawa. [2] [51]

A cikin 2013, an tsare masu gwagwarmayar Emirati 94 a cibiyoyin tsare-tsare na sirri kuma an gurfanar da su a gaban shari'a saboda zargin yunkurin hambarar da gwamnati.[52] Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun yi magana game da sirrin shari'ar. An kama wani dan kasar Emirati, wanda mahaifinsa yana daga cikin wadanda ake tuhuma, saboda yin amfani da shi a shafin yanar gizo game da shari'ar. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2013, an yanke masa hukuncin watanni 10 a kurkuku.

An kuma yi amfani da matakai masu tsauri a kan wadanda ba 'yan Emirates ba don tabbatar da ikirarin gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa cewa akwai "maƙarƙashiya ta kasa da kasa" inda' yan ƙasar Hadaddiyar Larabawa da baƙi ke aiki tare don lalata ƙasar. An kuma yi wa 'yan kasashen waje kamfen na korar su.[51] Akwai rubuce-rubuce da yawa na Masarawa da sauran 'yan kasashen waje waɗanda suka yi shekaru suna aiki a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ana ba su 'yan kwanaki kawai don barin ƙasar.[51]

'Yan kasashen waje da aka tilasta su bace sun hada da 'Yan Libya biyu [53] da Qatar biyu. [51][54] Amnesty ta ba da rahoton cewa gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta sace mutanen Qatari wanda ya hana bayanai game da makomar maza daga iyalansu.[51][54] Daga cikin 'yan kasashen waje da aka tsare, aka ɗaure kuma aka kore su shine Iyad El-Baghdadi, sanannen mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo kuma mutum na Twitter.[51] Hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun kama shi, suka tsare shi, suka daure sannan suka kore shi daga kasar. Duk da zama na rayuwarsa a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, a matsayin ɗan ƙasar Palasdinawa, El-Baghdadi ba shi da wata hanyar da za ta yi hamayya da wannan umarni.[51] Ba za a iya dawo da shi zuwa Yankunan Palasdinawa ba, saboda haka an kore shi zuwa Malaysia.[51]

A cikin shekara ta 2012, 'yan sanda na Dubai sun yi wa' yan Burtaniya uku duka da girgizar lantarki bayan sun kama su kan zargin miyagun ƙwayoyi.[55] Firayim Ministan Burtaniya, David Cameron, ya nuna "damuwa" game da lamarin kuma ya tayar da shi tare da Shugaban Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai Birtaniya a shekarar 2013. An gafarta wa maza uku kuma an sake su a watan Yulin 2013.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2009, an fitar da faifan bidiyo na azabtarwa daga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ya nuna Sheikh Issa bin Zayed Al Nahyan yana azabtar da wani mutum tare da bulala, kayan shanu na lantarki, da allunan katako tare da ƙusa masu tsayi, kuma yana gudu da shi akai-akai tare da mota.[56]

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2009, Issa ya bayyana a kotu kuma ya bayyana rashin laifi. Shari'ar ta ƙare a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2010, lokacin da aka wanke Issa daga azabtar da Mohammed Shah Poor. Human Rights Watch ta soki shari'ar kuma ta yi kira ga gwamnati da ta kafa wata kungiya mai zaman kanta don bincika zarge-zargen cin zarafin da ma'aikatan tsaro na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da sauran mutane masu iko suka yi.[57] Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta nuna damuwa game da hukuncin kuma ta ce duk mambobin al'ummar Emirati "dole ne su tsaya daidai a gaban doka" kuma sun yi kira da a sake dubawa game da shawarar don tabbatar da cewa an cika bukatun adalci a wannan shari'ar.

A cewar rahoton shekara-shekara na Human Rights Watch na 2016, hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular sun ɓace kuma sun tsare mutanen da suka soki gwamnati ko abokanta. A watan Fabrairun 2015, Human Rights Watch ta rubuta wani lamari inda 'yan'uwa mata uku na Emirati, Asma, Mariam, da Al Yazzyah al-Suweidi, hukumomin Emirates suka ɓace da karfi. Sun sake su ba tare da caji ba bayan sun kwashe watanni uku a tsare-tsare. An kama 'yan'uwa mata uku bayan sun sanya maganganun da ke sukar gwamnati saboda kama ɗan'uwansu Dr. Issa al-Suweidi. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2015, an kama masanin kimiyya na Emirati Nasser bin Ghaith bayan ya sanya wasu maganganu a kan kafofin sada zumunta inda ya soki Kisan kiyashi na masu zanga-zangar Rab'a a Alkahira a shekarar 2013. Har yanzu ba a san makomar Bin Ghaith ba a lokacin rubuce-rubuce.

A cewar rahoton shekara-shekara na Amnesty International (2016) kan 'Yancin Dan Adam a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, an yi amfani da bacewar da aka tilasta wa' yan ƙasa da 'yan kasashen waje a Hadaddijin Larabawa. Kungiyar ta kasa da kasa ta ce gwamnatin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta yi watsi da mutane da yawa na tsawon watanni a asirce kuma ba a san su ba don yin tambayoyi. A cewar rahoton, Abdulrahman Bin Sobeih ya fuskanci tilasta bacewar watanni uku daga hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Bugu da kari, Dokta Nasser Bin Ghaith, masanin kimiyya da tattalin arziki, hukumomi sun ɓace da karfi fiye da watanni 10. Bin Ghaith ya fuskanci azabtarwa da rashin kulawa yayin da yake fuskantar tuhume-tuhume da suka shafi 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki.[58]

Nuwamba 2017, jami'an tsaro na Abu Dhabi sun kama 'yan jarida biyu da ke rufe bude gidan kayan gargajiya na Louvre Abu Dhabi ga mai watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a na Switzerland. An tsare 'yan jarida sama da awanni 50, ba tare da ikon sadarwa da duniya ba. A cewar RTS, an yi wa 'yan jarida tambayoyi har zuwa sa'o'i tara a lokaci guda, kuma an rufe su idanu yayin da aka tura su tsakanin wurare daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, an kwace kyamarar su, kwamfutoci, rumbun kwamfutarka da sauran kayan.[59]

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2018, wani yarima na Emirati Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum II, 'yar Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum, kwamandoji ne suka kwace ta daga jirgin ruwa daga bakin tekun Indiya, bayan ta tsere daga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Wani shirin BBC ya ba da rahoton yadda yarima ta shirya tserewa daga fadarta. A cikin bidiyon da Latifa ta rubuta kafin tserewa, ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta yi ƙoƙarin tserewa daga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a baya. Koyaya, an kama ta a kan iyaka kuma an ɗaure ta na tsawon shekaru uku; an yi mata duka kuma an azabtar da ita. A watan Disamba, wata sanarwa da iyalinta suka fitar ta nuna cewa yarima tana da "tsaro" a gidanta. Tun daga farkon watan Maris, ba a san inda yarima take ba. A ranar 5 ga watan Maris na 2020, hukuncin kotun iyali ta Burtaniya mai shafi 34 ya tabbatar da cewa Sheikha Shamsa bint Mohammed al-Maktoum da Sheikha Latifa bint Mohammed al'Maktoum an sace su kuma an tsare su da karfi da mahaifin su da mai mulkin Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum . [60]

An tuhumi wasu 'yan sarauta na UAEs da cin zarafi da rashin kula da ma'aikata a kasashen waje.

A cikin 2019, wata mace mai shekaru 42 ta Emirati, wacce hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa suka kama a shekarar 2015, ta ja hankalin kafofin watsa labarai saboda rashin kulawa da ta samu yayin da take kurkuku a Hadaddiyar da Larabawa. Yayinda yake tara kudade ga 'yan gudun hijirar Siriya, an kama Alia Abdel Nour bisa zargin tallafawa ta'addanci. An tsare ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru 10, an azabtar da ita sosai kuma an tsare ta kadai, ba tare da samun damar samun iska ba, bayan gida, matattara, bargo, abinci da magani. Duk da cewa an gano ta da ciwon daji - jim kadan bayan kama ta - ba ta sami wani magani ba. Hukumomin Emirati sun yi iƙirarin cewa Nour kanta ta ki amincewa da maganin, yayin da iyalinta suka yi iƙirin cewa an tilasta mata ta sanya hannu kan takardun da suka hana ta samun magani.[61][62]

A ranar 4 ga Mayu 2019, Alia Abdel Nour ta mutu a kurkukun Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa bayan da aka yi mata mummunar kulawa da kuma hanawa daga kulawar lafiya daga hukumomin Hadaddiyar Larabawa. Tun lokacin da aka kama ta, an ɗaure hannayenta da ƙafafunta a kan gadonta na asibiti na dogon lokaci. Hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun yi watsi da buƙatun da kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama na duniya, 'yan majalisa na Turai, da masana Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka yi don su sake ta saboda rashin lafiyarta.[63]

A watan Janairun 2019, 'yan sanda na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun tsare Ali Issa Ahmad mai shekaru 26 saboda zargin yana sanye da T-shirt tare da tutar Qatar a ciki bayan wasan Qatar da Iraqi AFC Asian Cup a Abu Dhabi. Ahmad ya koka cewa FIFA "ta kasa kare" haƙƙin ɗan adam. Hotuna na alamomi a jikin Ahmad daga azabtarwa da aka samu a lokacin tsare su BBC ta fitar da su. Wanda aka azabtar ya koka game da nuna bambancin launin fata da kuma soke shi da kuma hana shi abinci da ruwa yayin da yake cikin kurkuku. An yi rajistar korafe-korafe game da FIFA da kuma aikawa ga hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta hanyar Ofishin Harkokin Waje da Commonwealth (FCO) da Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A cewar hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, 'yan sanda sun kai Ahmed asibiti don a bincika shi don alamun cin zarafi, wanda ya koka wa' yan sanda - kamar yadda ya saba a lokuta na hari a Hadaddiyar da Larabawa. Wani rahoto na likita ya bayyana cewa raunin da ya samu bai dace da labarin abubuwan da ya faru da ya ba 'yan sanda ba, kuma raunin da aka yi masa ya faru da kansa. Ofishin jakadancin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a Burtaniya ya musanta zargin da ake yi masa na cewa an kama shi ne saboda sanya rigar Qatar, yana mai cewa "Ba a kama shi ba saboda sanya rigarsa ta kwallon kafa ta Qatar". An tuhumi Ahmed da ɓata lokacin 'yan sanda da kuma gabatar da rahoton karya, wanda ba bisa ka'ida ba ne. A lokacin gasar cin kofin Asiya ta AFC, an ga magoya baya suna sanye da rigar kwallon kafa ta Qatar kuma suna ɗaga tutar Qatar ba tare da wani misali na kamawa ba.[64]

A watan Yunin 2020, an ruwaito cewa Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta kama ma'aikacin agaji na Turkiyya Mehmet Ali Ozturk, tun 2018. An ruwaito cewa, an tsare Ali Ozturk a kan dalilan da ba su da amfani kuma an azabtar da shi a cikin kurkukun Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. An kama shi a Dubai, inda shi, tare da matarsa Emine Ozturk, ke shiga cikin bikin abinci na Dubai. "Ya rasa 25kg bayan azabtar da suka yi masa, daga denailing zuwa strappado. Za su yi waɗannan abubuwa lokacin da ya ki shiga cikin bidiyon da ke zargin Erdogan da wasu laifuka, "matarsa ta nakalto.[65] A cikin 2017, wani mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam na Yemen Huda Al-Sarari ya fallasa wani asibitin tsare sirri na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a Yemen inda aka tsare dubban 'yan Masar kuma aka azabtar da su. An tilasta wa Al-Sarari zuwa gudun hijira.[66]

A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2020, rahotanni sun yi iƙirarin cewa hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun ki amincewa da buƙatun kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam don samar da bayanai game da mutumin Oman, Abdullah al-Shaamsi, wanda aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a watan Mayu 2020 a kan shari'ar rashin adalci. An kama Al-Shaamsi a shekarar 2018 yana da shekaru 19, yayin da yake halartar makarantar sakandare a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Sojojin tsaro sun sanya shi cikin wani lokaci mai tsawo na tsare-tsare ba tare da sadarwa ba, tsare-tsaren kaɗaici da azabtarwa, ya bar shi da ciwon daji na koda da baƙin ciki. Duk da yanayin lafiyarsa, ana tsare shi a cikin kurkuku mai cike da mutane da ke da alaƙa da yanayin rashin tsabta da rashin samun isasshen kiwon lafiya, a lokacin rikicin COVID-19. [67]

Tun daga watan Oktoba 2020, hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa bisa tushen addini sun ɓace da karfi aƙalla maza huɗu na Pakistan kuma sun fitar da akalla wasu shida. Rahotanni na hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da ke da niyya ga mazaunan Shia, ko 'yan Lebanon, Iraqi, Afghan, Pakistan, ko kuma in ba haka ba, galibi suna fitowa a lokutan karuwar tashin hankali na yanki.[68]

A watan Maris na 2021, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta fitar da rahoto game da ayyukan kare hakkin dan adam a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Ya nuna cewa yayin da ba a bayar da rahoton shari'o'in bacewar da kisan gillar ba bisa ka'ida ba ga kafofin watsa labarai a cikin 2020, akwai shari'o-kashen azabtarwa, tsare-tsare, cin zarafi, barazanar fyade, da duka. Ma'aikatar ta ba da rahoton yanayin kurkuku na Emirati, wanda ya kasance cike da mutane, yana da yanayin tsabta mara kyau kuma bai ba da sauƙin samun kulawa ba, a lokacin annobar COVID-19. An bayyana kurkukun Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a matsayin masu azabtarwa sosai, inda aka nuna wariya ga fursunoni kuma aka yi musu cin zarafi ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Wadanda aka tsare a mafi yawan lokuta ba a ba su cikakkun bayanai game da shari'arsu ba har tsawon watanni, yayin da mutane da yawa ke karɓar cajin da aka rubuta a Larabci ba tare da fassara ba kuma an tilasta su sanya hannu kan irin waɗannan takardu.[69]

A watan Yulin 2021, wata wasika ta sirri da sanannen mai kare hakkin dan adam Ahmed Mansoor ya rubuta, wanda ya ba da cikakken bayani game da mummunar yadda aka yi masa a tsare da kuma shari'ar rashin adalci, wani shafin yanar gizon labarai na Larabci da ke London ya buga shi. Duk da cewa sun tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa da Sauran zalunci, Rashin Mutum ko Rashin Girma ko azabtarwa a cikin 2012, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta keta wajibai na aikin ta hanyar riƙe Mansoor a ware na akalla shekaru hudu, wanda ya kai ga azabtarwa ta jiki da ta hankali.[70]

A watan Satumbar 2021, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta yanke wa wani mai fafutuka daga Siriya, Abdul Rahman Al-Nahhas, hukuncin shekaru goma a kurkuku. Wanda ya kafa kungiyar Insan Watch, mai gabatar da kara na jama'a ya zargi dan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin dan adam da aikata ta'addanci saboda zarginsa da kasancewa memba a kungiyar ta'addancin yayin da yake da alaƙa da Kungiyar Al-Karama ta 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Switzerland. An kuma tuhumi Al-Nahhas da cin mutuncin jihar ta hanyar kusantar ofishin jakadancin Faransa da ke neman mafaka ta siyasa. An kama shi a ƙarshen 2019 kuma hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun ɓace shi da karfi har zuwa farkon shari'arsa a watan Janairun 2021. A lokacin da aka tsare shi, an yi wa Al-Nahhas barazana, an azabtar da shi, kuma ba a yarda ya tuntubi iyalinsa ba.[71]

A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2021, lauyoyi sun gabatar da korafi ga mai gabatar da kara na Faransa a birnin Paris a kan Manjo Janar Ahmed Naser Al-Raisi saboda tsare-tsare da azabtar da maza biyu na Burtaniya, Matthew Hedges da Ali Issa Ahmad. Al-Raisi ya kasance dan takara mai rikitarwa don shugabancin hukumar 'yan sanda ta kasa da kasa ta Interpol. An shigar da korafin da aka yi masa ne a karkashin ka'idar ikon duniya, wanda ya ba hukumomin Faransa damar bincika da kuma kama 'yan kasashen waje saboda wasu laifuka koda kuwa sun faru a waje da Faransa.[72]

A cikin 2021, Ahmed Naser, babban dan sanda na UAE ya zama shugaban Interpol. An yi zargin cewa ya azabtar da mutane da yawa a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a baya.

A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2022, Human Rights Watch ta ruwaito cewa hukumomin Emirati sun hukunta mai kare hakkin dan adam Ahmed Mansoor bayan ya wallafa wata wasika a kurkuku da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da yadda aka wulakanta shi a tsare a watan Yulin 2021. Hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun tsare Mansoor ba tare da sadarwa ba kuma sun hana shi samun damar samun kulawa mai mahimmanci. Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ta keta haƙƙin Mansoor na shekaru da yawa tare da kamawa da tsare-tsare, barazanar mutuwa, hari na jiki, sa ido na gwamnati, da kuma rashin mutunci a tsare.[73]

Wani dan kasuwa na Burtaniya, Ryan Cornelius yana riƙe da kansa ta hanyar da hukumomi a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tun 2008. An kama shi daga filin jirgin saman Dubai kuma an tsare shi bayan wasu rikitarwa na kasuwanci tare da manyan 'yan Emiratis. A shekara ta 2010, an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku bayan tuhumar zamba. Hukumomin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun yanke masa hukuncin karin shekaru 20, watanni biyu kafin ranar da aka sake shi a shekarar 2018. Cornelius ya kamu da tarin fuka a tsare. An yi masa cin zarafin 'yancin ɗan adam, gami da tambayoyi masu tsanani ba tare da wakilin shari'a ba da kuma ɗaurin zaman kansa na dogon lokaci. A watan Yunin 2022, jami'an Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun haskaka batun kuma sun yi kira ga Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da ta saki Cornelius nan da nan.[74]

An kafa Hukumar Tsaro ta Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (SSA) a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1947. Yana da iko na sama na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa kan batutuwan tsaro na jihar, wanda yafi shiga cikin murkushe rashin amincewar jama'a a Hadaddiyar daular Larabawa. SSA ta ci gaba da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam, gami da ɓacewar tilas, azabtarwa da tsare-tsare ba bisa ka'ida ba. A ranar cika shekaru 50 na SSA; Kungiyar Kare Hakkin MENA, Cibiyar Advocacy ta Emirates, da Human Rights Watch sun yi Allah wadai da take hakkin SSA, kuma sun yi kira ga Emirates da ta dakatar da mummunar cin zarafin bil'adama da kuma zalunci kan rashin amincewa da zaman lafiya ta hanyar zargin ta'addanci na ƙarya. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun yi kira ga hukumomin Emirati da su daidaita tsarin shari'a da ayyukan SSA tare da ka'idojin kare hakkin dan Adam na duniya. Sun kuma bukaci Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da ta dauki alhakin masu aikata laifin da kuma samar da magunguna ga wadanda abin ya shafa.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
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