Improve rubocop rules and fix issues

[ahangarha]

Summary

Despite having the Rubocop configuration in the project, it was outdated and also not used. This PR updates the configuration, fixes the issues, and adds a workflow to ensure all new PRs follow the lining policies.

Note: Four issues still remain. They can be ignored but I think it is better to fix them.

Pull Request checklist

• Add/update test to cover these changes not needed
• Update documentation not needed
• Update CHANGELOG file not needed

[justin808]

This is a lot of lines changed. I'm not sure this is justified.

[Judahmeek]

@justin808 Why would you say that linting isn't justified?

[ahangarha]

Only changing ' to " updates almost the entire project.

Now, this project follows nearly the same linting rules in our other projects, making it easier to work with.