array-merge.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<refentry xml:id="function.array-merge" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
   <refnamediv>
    <refname>array_merge</refname>
    <refpurpose>合并一个或多个数组</refpurpose>
   </refnamediv>
 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>array</type><methodname>array_merge</methodname>
   <methodparam rep="repeat"><type>array</type><parameter>arrays</parameter></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
    <para>
     将一个或多个数组的单元合并起来，一个数组中的值附加在前一个数组的后面。返回作为结果的数组。
    </para>
    <para>
     如果输入的数组中有相同的字符串键名，则该键名后面的值将覆盖前一个值。然而，如果数组包含数字键名，后面的值将
     <emphasis role="strong">不会</emphasis> 覆盖原来的值，而是附加到后面。
    </para>
    <para>
     如果输入的数组存在以数字作为索引的内容，则这项内容的键名会以连续方式重新索引。
    </para>
   </refsect1>
 
 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>arrays</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       要合并的数组。
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   返回合并后的结果数组。如果参数为空，则返回空 &array;。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <para>
   <informaltable>
    <tgroup cols="2">
     <thead>
      <row>
       <entry>&Version;</entry>
       <entry>&Description;</entry>
      </row>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
      <row>
       <entry>7.4.0</entry>
       <entry>
        允许不带参数调用，之前版本至少需要一个参数。
       </entry>
      </row>
     </tbody>
    </tgroup>
   </informaltable>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>array_merge</function> 示例</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array("color" => "red", 2, 4);
$array2 = array("a", "b", "color" => "green", "shape" => "trapezoid", 4);
$result = array_merge($array1, $array2);
print_r($result);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [color] => green
    [0] => 2
    [1] => 4
    [2] => a
    [3] => b
    [shape] => trapezoid
    [4] => 4
)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>单一结构的 <function>array_merge</function> 示例</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array();
$array2 = array(1 => "data");
$result = array_merge($array1, $array2);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    <para>
     别忘了数字键名将会被重新编号！
    </para>
    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [0] => data
)
]]>
    </screen>
    <para>
     如果你想完全保留原有数组并只想新的数组附加到后面，可以使用
     <literal>+</literal> 运算符：
    </para>

    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array(0 => 'zero_a', 2 => 'two_a', 3 => 'three_a');
$array2 = array(1 => 'one_b', 3 => 'three_b', 4 => 'four_b');
$result = $array1 + $array2;
var_dump($result);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    <para>
     第一个数组的键名将会被保留。在两个数组中存在相同的键名时，第一个数组中的同键名的元素将会被保留，第二个数组中的元素将会被忽略。
    </para>

    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
array(5) {
  [0]=>
  string(6) "zero_a"
  [2]=>
  string(5) "two_a"
  [3]=>
  string(7) "three_a"
  [1]=>
  string(5) "one_b"
  [4]=>
  string(6) "four_b"
}
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>array_merge</function> 合并非数组的类型</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$beginning = 'foo';
$end = array(1 => 'bar');
$result = array_merge((array) $beginning, (array) $end);
print_r($result);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
    <![CDATA[
    Array
    (
        [0] => foo
        [1] => bar
    )
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>array_merge_recursive</function></member>
    <member><function>array_replace</function></member>
    <member><function>array_combine</function></member>
    <member><link linkend="language.operators.array">数组操作符</link></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>

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