x = DataFrame(np.arange(9).reshape(3,3)) x['test']=0 x['fl']= [1.3,1.5,1.6] x.groupby('test').agg({'fl':'sum',2:'size'}).dtypes Out[]: 2 int64 fl object (version 0.8) Output in 0.7.3 Out[]: 2 int64 fl float64 The output for x['test'] = [1,2,3] works fine