M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Markscheme

May 2019

Chemistry

Standard level

Paper 2

10 pages
 –2– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage
and retrieval systems, without written permission from the IB.

Additionally, the license tied with this product prohibits commercial use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by
third parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services, preparatory schools, vendors
operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource digital platforms and app developers, is not permitted and is subject
to the IB’s prior written consent via a license. More information on how to request a license can be obtained from http://
www.ibo.org/contact-the-ib/media-inquiries/for-publishers/guidance-for-third-party-publishers-and-providers/how-to-apply-for-a-
license.

Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou
mécanique, y compris des systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite de l’IB.

De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation commerciale de tout fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce
produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services
de tutorat ou d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des fournisseurs de services de
planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs
d’applications, n’est pas autorisée et est soumise au consentement écrit préalable de l’IB par l’intermédiaire d’une licence. Pour
plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour demander une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse http://www.ibo.org/fr/contact-
the-ib/media-inquiries/for-publishers/guidance-for-third-party-publishers-and-providers/how-to-apply-for-a-license.

No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos
los sistemas de almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin que medie la autorización escrita del IB.

Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso con fines comerciales de todo archivo o fragmento seleccionado
de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye, a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares,
servicios de apoyo académico o ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y entidades que
presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para docentes mediante plataformas digitales— no está
permitido y estará sujeto al otorgamiento previo de una licencia escrita por parte del IB. En este enlace encontrará más
información sobre cómo solicitar una licencia: http://www.ibo.org/es/contact-the-ib/media-inquiries/for-publishers/guidance-for-
third-party-publishers-and-providers/how-to-apply-for-a-license.
 –3– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

1. a C2H2 (g)  2.5O2 (g)  2CO2 (g)  H2O (l)
OR 1
2C2H2 (g)  5O2 (g)  4CO2 (g)  2H2O (l) ✔

1. b i ✔ Accept any valid combination of lines, dots and

1
crosses.
1. b ii «ethyne» shorter AND a greater number of shared/bonding electrons
OR 1
«ethyne» shorter AND stronger bond ✔

1. b iii London/dispersion/instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces ✔ Do not accept just “intermolecular forces” or
1
“van der Waals’ forces”.
1. c i «electrophilic» addition/A«E» ✔ Accept “polymerization”. 1

1. c ii ethanal ✔ 1

1. c iii «sum of bond enthalpies of reactants » 2(CH)  C~C  2(OH) Award [3] for correct final answer.
OR
2  414 «kJ mol1»  839 «kJ mol1»  2  463 «kJ mol1»
OR
2593 «kJ» ✔

«sum of bond enthalpies of A » 3(CH)  C=C  CO  OH 3

OR
3  414 «kJ mol1»  614 «kJ mol1»  358 «kJ mol1»  463 «kJ mol1»
OR
2677 «kJ» ✔

«enthalpy of reaction  2593 kJ  2677 kJ»  84 «kJ» ✔

(continued…)
 –4– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

(Question 1c continued)

Question Answers Notes Total

1. c iv B AND it has a more negative/lower enthalpy/«potential» energy
OR 1
B AND more exothermic «enthalpy of reaction from same starting point» ✔

1. c v Identity of product: «B»

IR spectrum:
17001750 «cm1 band» AND carbonyl/CO group present
OR
no «band at» 16201680 «cm1» AND absence of double bond/C=C Accept a specific value or
OR range of wavenumbers and
chemical shifts.
no «broad band at» 32003600 «cm1» AND absence of hydroxyl/OH group ✔

1H NMR spectrum:
2
«only» two signals AND A would have three
OR Accept “two signals with
areas 1:3”. 
«signal at» 9.410.0 «ppm» AND «H atom/proton of» aldehyde/CHO present
OR
«signal at» 2.22.7 «ppm» AND «H atom/proton of alkyl/CH next to» aldehyde/CHO present
OR
«signal at» 2.22.7 «ppm» AND «H atom/proton of» RCOCH2- present
OR
no «signal at» 4.56.0 «ppm» AND absence of «H-atom/proton next to» double bond/C=C ✔
 –5– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

1. d i Reagents: Accept “«acidified potassium»
acidified/H AND «potassium» dichromate«(VI)»/K2Cr2O7/Cr2O72 ✔ manganate(VII)/KMnO4/MnO4/permanganate”.
Accept “H2SO4” or “H3PO4” for “H”.
Conditions: Accept “more dilute 2
distil «the product before further oxidation» ✔ dichromate(VI)/manganate(VII)” or “excess
ethanol”.
Award M1 if correct reagents given under
“Conditions”.

1. d ii 1 ✔ 1

1. d iii Any three of:

has an oxygen/O atom with a lone pair ✔
that can form hydrogen bonds/H-bonds «with water molecules» ✔
3 max
hydrocarbon chain is short «so does not disrupt many H-bonds with water
molecules» ✔

«large permanent» dipole-dipole interactions with water ✔

 –6– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

2. a increase in the amount/number of moles/molecules «of gas» ✔
2
from 2 to 3/by 50 % ✔

2. b «rate of reaction decreases»

concentration/number of molecules in a given volume decreases
OR Do not accept just “larger space/volume”
more space between molecules ✔ for M1.
2
collision rate/frequency decreases
OR
fewer collisions per second/unit time ✔

2. c

smaller initial gradient ✔

initial pressure is lower AND final pressure of gas lower «by similar factor» ✔
 –7– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

2. d no AND it is a systematic error/not a random error
OR 1
no AND «a similar magnitude» error would occur every time ✔

2. e

catalysed and uncatalysed Ea marked on graph AND with the catalysed being at
lower energy ✔

«for catalysed reaction» greater proportion of/more molecules have E  Ea / E  Ea Accept “more molecules have the
activation energy”.
OR
«for catalysed reaction» greater area under curve to the right of the Ea ✔
 –8– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

3. a absorbs UV/ultraviolet light «of longer wavelength than absorbed by O2» ✔ 1

3. b i mass spectrometry/MS ✔
1

3. b ii (98  14)  (2  15)

« » 14.02 ✔
100
2
«Mr  (14.02  2)  16.00 » 44.04 ✔

3. b iii Any two: Accept “almost the same”.

same AND have same nuclear charge/number of protons/Zeff ✔ “same” only needs to be stated once.

same AND neutrons do not affect attraction/ionization energy/Zeff

OR
2 max
same AND neutrons have no charge ✔

same AND same attraction for «outer» electrons ✔

same AND have same electronic configuration/shielding ✔

3. c oxides of nitrogen/non-metals are «usually» acidic ✔ 1

 –9– M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

4. a gap in the periodic table
OR
element with atomic number «75» unknown
OR 2
break/irregularity in periodic trends ✔

«periodic table shows» regular/periodic trends «in properties» ✔

4. b place «pieces of» Re into each solution ✔

if Re reacts/is coated with metal, that metal is less reactive «than Re» ✔
Accept other valid observations such as 2
“colour of solution fades” or “solid/metal
appears” for “reacts”.

4. c i rhenium(III) chloride
OR 1
rhenium trichloride ✔

4. c ii «Mr ReCl3  186.21  (3  35.45) » 292.56 ✔

186.21 2
«100  » 63.648 «%» ✔
292.56
 – 10 – M19/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ2/XX/M

Question Answers Notes Total

5. a i Weak acid: partially dissociated/ionized «in solution/water»
AND
1
Strong acid: «assumed to be almost» completely/100 % dissociated/ionized
«in solution/water» ✔

5. a ii CO32 ✔ 1

5. a iii shifts to left/reactants AND to increase amount/number of moles/molecules Accept “shifts to left/reactants AND
of gas/CO2 (g) ✔ to increase pressure”.
1

5. b i «additional HCO3» shifts position of equilibrium to left ✔ Do not award M2 without any justification in
terms of equilibrium shift in M1. 2
pH increases ✔

5. b ii «molar mass of NaHCO3 » 84.01 «g mol1» ✔ Award [2] for correct final answer.

3.0 10–2 g 1 2
«concentration  
–1
 3 » 3.6  103 «mol dm3» ✔
84.01 g mol 0.100 dm

5. b iii Between sodium and hydrogencarbonate:

ionic ✔
2
Between hydrogen and oxygen in hydrogencarbonate:
«polar» covalent ✔