Chakra Ji Ke Adhytamik Lekho Ka Sanklan

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Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pÿ* th ds

vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk
ladyu
✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤

[k.M & 1 % lk/kuksi;ksxh vk/;kfRed ys[k


[k.M & 2 % foosd fcUnq ,oa e/kq fcUnq
[k.M & 3 % HkkojkT;
[k.M & 4 % >k¡dh (fnO; n'kZu dh >yfd;k¡)
[k.M & 5 % fofo/k
✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤

ladyudrkZ %
MkW- ckypfUÊdk ikBd

( bl iqLrd dks ;k blds fdlh va'k dks Nkius rFkk


vuwfnr djus dh lcdks LorU=rk gSA )
( ii ) Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu ( iii )

ÁkDdFku
Jho`Unkou/kke ds ,d lk/kd ls HkkbZ izHkkr nhf{kr th] fnYyh ds
Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pÿ* th ds }kjk Hkxon~] fo"k;d ftKklk izxV djus ij mu lk/kd us dgk&^^;fn
vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu lpeqp rqEgsa Jhœ".k ÁkfIr dh yyd gS rks Jhpÿ th dk vk/;kfRed
lkfgR; i<+k]s vo'; rqe cztjl dk vkLoknu djrs gq, y{; dh izkfIr
dj ldrs gksA** tSl&s tSls ;s lkfgR; i<+rs x;s] oSl&s oSls bUgsa vius
ys[kd % xksyksdoklh Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pÿ* vuqŸkfjr Á'uksa dk lek/kku feyrk x;kA 'kadkvksa vkSj ftKklkvksa dk
fujkdj.k gksrk x;k vkSj vUr%dj.k Jhœ".k&Áse dh Hkko ygfj;ksa ls
laj{kd % guqeºke
>aœr gks x;kA
Jhjke vk/;kfRed izU;kl
bUgha iquhr Hkkoksa ls Hkkfor gksdj buds Hkkoqd ‚n; esa Hkko txs
'kqdrhFkZ] ftyk&eqt∂Qjuxj (m-Á-)
fd ftl vkuUn dk jlkLoknu eSa dj jgk gw° mlls esjs vk/;kRe iFk ds
fiu&251316
HkkbZ&cgu] Lotu ,oa vU; l‚n; ikBdx.k D;ksa oafpr jgsa\ bl
Ádk'kd % MkW- ckypfUÊdk ikBd vkyksdokgh lkfgR; dks i<+dj lk/kdksa dk vUrj Hkh cfgeqZ[k u gksdj
Jhjke fudq¥t] Áseuxj vUr;kZeh dh vksj mUeq[k gksrk jgs] mUgsa Hkh Hkxon~ yhykvksa dks ns[kus&
,Vk (m-Á) le>us dh ubZ n`f"V izkIr gksrh jgs] os Hkh uke] :i] xq.k] yhyk] /kke ds
eksckby % 9012218617] 7668312842 fpUru esa fueXu gksdj ekuo thou lkFkZd djsaA
HkkbZ ÁHkkr th ds ,sls ln~fopkj eq>s 'yk?kuh; yxsA bUgha dh
laLdj.k % ÁFke] la- 2076 (lu~ 2020) lRizjs .kk ls Ásfjr gksdj eSaus Jhpÿ th }kjk lEikfnr Jhœ".k tUeLFkku
Ádk'ku frfFk % edj laÿkfUr ioZ eFkqjk (m-Á-) ls Ádkf'kr ekfld if=dk ^Jhœ".k lUns'k* ds (o"kZ
1976 ls 1989) prqnZ'k o"kks± ds vadksa ls muds }kjk fy[ks x;s Lora=
ewY; % 140@& vk/;kfRed ys[k] foosd&fcUnq] e/kq&fcUnq] HkkojkT;] >k°dh (fnO; n'kZu
dh >yfd;k°) ,oa vU; fofo/k ys[kksa dk ladyu djds mUgsa iqLrdkdkj
eqÊ.k % vk'kh"k fÁ.VlZ
:i fn;k gSA
173@350] pkeq.Mk dkWyksuh] eFkqjk
HkkbZ ÁHkkr th us bu ys[kksa dks ÿeoº :i fn;k gS ,oa fo"k;kuqlkj
eksckby % 8630464909] 9258046104
ik°p [k.Mksa esa iwjh iqLrd dks foHkkftr fd;k gSA iqLrd dh ÁwQ jhfMax
bZ&esy % [email protected]
djrs gq, ru&eu&/ku ls vlhe lg;ksx Ánku fd;k gS] ftldh eSa ‚n;
;g iqLrd dksbZ Hkh Ádkf'kr djk ldrk gSA ls œrK gw°A
( iv ) Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu (v)

Jhpÿth ds cgqr ls xaHkhj ikBdksa dk ;g vuqHko jgk gS fd flJhpÿ vuqÿef.kdk


lkfgR; i<+r&s i<+rs eu o`Unkou gks tkrk gSA fpŸk dks HkkSfrd lEidZ ls
ÿe fo"k; i`ålaå
gVkdj vk/;kfRed /kjkry ij igqp ° k nsus dh {kerk buds lkfgR; esa gSAfi
egkiq#"kksa dh ok.kh ge tSls lkekU; tuksa dks lRiFk dk funsZ'k dj [k.M&1 % vk/;kfRed ys[k
y{; dks fnXnf'kZr djkus esa lgk;d gksrh gSA 1- fojf‰ vkSj cqfºekuh 1
bu ys[kksa dks i<+dj lk/kd vkSj ikBd viuk ijekFkZ&iFk Á'kLr 2- vkgkj&'kqfº 2
dj ldsax]s ;gh vk'kk ,oa ln~Hkkouk gSA 3- vkpkj&'kqfº 3
HkDroRly ÁHkq ls ;gh ÁkFkZuk gS fd eq> tSlh vYiK ds y?kq Á;kl 4- egŸo osG nks"k 4
5- nks"kksa dks oSGls thrsa\ 6
ls Js;iFkxkeh lk/kd ÁHkq ds pj.k&dey edjUn jl dk vkLoknu
6- vkidh LorU=rk\ 9
djrs gq, ekuo thou dks lkFkZd djsa] blh dkeuk ds lkFk Jhpÿ th ds
7- tc vki vius dks Bxrs gSa 10
dUgkbZ ds Lotuksa dks ;g iqLrd lefiZr gSA 8- vkidh ekufld ijs'kkfu;k° D;ksa\ 12
Jh pÿpj.kkfJrk 9- ijekFkZ osG fy;s&
Mk- ckypfUÊdk ikBd (i) Bhd pkguk lhf[k;s 14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) Jºk djuk lhf[k;s 14
eywd ihBk/kh'oj (iii) ekxZn'kZd pquuk lhf[k;s 15
nsokpk;Z Jh jktsUÊnkl th egkjkt] o`Unkou 10- vfr ls cpuk gS 16
11- vfuok;Z la;e 17
}kjk vfiZr
12- lk/ku 20
Hkkoiq"ik¥tfy 13- lqyHk lk/ku 21
14- lqxe lk/ku 22
ijeHkkxor Jh pÿ th thou dks ykgkS fy;ksA 15- xq# cukuk vko';d gS\ 24
lw;Zoa'k esa ÁdV lar oqGy dey fnokdj] 16- mfpr xq# oSGls feys 26
Jh gfj&gj ;'k xk; fd;s ikj Hko ukfj&ujA 17- ijexq# 27
18- e`R;q dh Le`fr 28
thokpk;Z 'ks"k nkmG ln~xq# cu vk;s] 19- ekufld iwtk 29
vuqt Hk;s Jh œ".k ykM+ nknk dks ik;sA 20- mikluk esa HkxoRÁsj.kk 31
Jh 'kqdrhFkZ x¬k rV guqen~ laLFkkiu fd;ks] 21- len`f"V 34
22- vkidh egRoµcqfº dgk° gS\ 35
ijeHkkxor Jh pÿth thou dks ykgkS fy;ksA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23- ;s NksVh ckrsa 36
( vi ) Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu ( vii )

24- yksd lsok 39 53- foosd&fcUnq % 8 90


25- yksd&dY;k.k dkSu djsxk\ 42 54- foosd&fcUnq % 9 92
26- ÁHkq dk Álkn 45 55- foosd&fcUnq % 10 93
27- ÁkFkZuk fo'okl osG lkFk 45 56- foosd&fcUnq % 11 94
28- xaxk dh ikourk 46 57- foosd&fcUnq % 12 96
29- jkek; jkeHkÊk; 47 58- foosd&fcUnq % 13 98
30- f=iqjkfj 48 59- foosd&fcUnq % 14 99
31- Mjrk og gS tks cqjk djrk gS 52 60- e/kq&fcUnq % 1 99
32- ukjh dk /keZ vkSj ijekFkZ 53 61- e/kq&fcUnq % 2 100
33- ukjh vkSj v/;kRe 55 62- e/kq&fcUnq % 3 102
34- ukjh vkSj lk/ku 58 63- e/kq&fcUnq % 4 102
35- xhrk dk eq[; fcUnq 60 [k.M&3 % HkkojkT;
36- nsgk/;kl oSGls NwVs\ 63
64- HkkojkT;&1 (gksxk D;k\) 104
37- vkt osG ;s lRlax 66
65- HkkojkT;&2 (nkmG dk migkj) 107
38- tc lRlax Hkh oqGlax gksrk gS 69
66- HkkojkT;&3 (er vkvks) 114
39- flº iq#"k 72
67- HkkojkT;&4 (ml ikj) 117
40- lpeqp egkiq#"k 74
68- HkkojkT;&5 (vkoqGyrk esa) 120
41- HkxoÌ'kZu dk Hkze 75
69- HkkojkT;&6 (cM+k cuw°xk) 123
42- HkxoÌ'kZu 76
70- HkkojkT;&7 (xkscj yxkm°Gxk) 126
43- lgt] ljy vkSj ltx lekf/k 77
71- HkkojkT;&8 (fp=dkj) 127
44- dUgkbZ dc feyrk gS\ 81
72- HkkojkT;&9 (O;FkZ) 131
45- eks{k D;k gS\ 82
73- HkkojkT;&10 (fQj dHkh ugha) 134
[k.M&2 % foosd fcUnq ,oa e/kq fcUnq 74- HkkojkT;&11 (rqEgkjk Xokfj;k) 137
46- foosd&fcUnq % 1 84
47- foosd&fcUnq % 2 84
[k.M&4 % >k°dh
48- foosd&fcUnq % 3 85 75- >k°dh&1 (ikn&laokgu) 140
49- foosd&fcUnq % 4 86 76- >k°dh&2 (nhu&cU/kq) 142
50- foosd&fcUnq % 5 87 77- >k°dh&3 (xtsUÊ eks{k) 143
51- foosd&fcUnq % 6 88 78- >k°dh&4 (ikFkZ lkjFkh) 144
52- foosd&fcUnq % 7 89 79- >k°dh&5 (i{kh dh ihj) 146
( vi ) Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 1

80- >k°dh&6 (oh.kk&okfnuh) 147


81- >k°dh&7 (egky{eh) 148 [k.M&1 % vk/;kfRed ys[k
82- >k°dh&8 (fu"kkn ds l[kk) 149
83- >k°dh&9 (ek° dk okRlY;) 150 fojf‰ vkSj cqfºekuh
84- >k°dh&10 (xq# iwf.kZek) 151 lk/kd esa oSjkX; gksuk pkfg, vkSj oSjkX;oku~ dk uke fojDr gSA
85- >k°dh&11 (xq#&nh{kk) 153
oSjkX; vkSj jkx esa ijLij fojks/k gSA lalkjh O;fDr esa jkx&}s"k gksrk gS_
86- >k°dh&12 (xq#&iwtk) 154
D;ksafd tgk° jkx gS] ogk° }s"k vfuok;Z :i ls jgsxkA ;s e/kq&dSVHk lxs
87- >k°dh&13 (pj.k&fp klfDr) 156
88- >k°dh&14 (n;ke;) 158
HkkbZ gSaA nksuksa ,d lkFk mRiUu gksrs gSa vkSj ,d lkFk ejrs gSaA buesa ls ,d
89- >k°dh&15 (lnkf'ko dh lnk'k;rk) 159 dks NksM+ nsa vkSj ,d jgs] ,slk ugha gks ldrkA
90- >k°dh&16 (ijkRij ukjk;.k) 161 tc ,d O;fDr] oLrq] fÿ;k vFkok fLFkfr ls jkx gksxk] rc mls nq%[k nsus
91- >k°dh&17 ({khj'kk;h) 163 okys] u"V djus okys] fcxkM+us okys] mldh fuUnk djus okys ls }s"k gksxk ghA
92- >k°dh&18 (chjcgwVh) 164 oSjkX; bu jkx&}s"k nksuksa dk fojks/kh gSA lk/kd dk jkx lk/ku esa gksrk
93- >k°dh&19 (d#.kkfu/kku) 166 gSA bl jkx dk uke gks tkrk gS fu"Bk vkSj lk/kd dk }s"k gksrk gS lk/ku ls
94- >k°dh&20 (gksyh) 168 foeqDr djus okyh gj ckr lsA fo"k;&fpUru] fo"k;&ppkZ vFkkZr~ cfgeq[Z krk
95- >k°dh&21 (fiiklk ikj[kh) 169 ek= ls mls }s"k gksrk gSA bl }s"k dk uke gksrk gS oSjkX;A
96- >k°dh&22 ('k'kkad 'ks[kj dk nwYgk :i) 171 bldk vFkZ gS fd lk/kd og gS ftldk jkx&}s"k dPpk ugha gSA
97- >k°dh&23 (ckyd dk mUeqDr vkxzg) 172 lalkj esa gksus okyk jkx&}s"k dPpk gksrk gSA dPpk Qy [kÍk gksrk gS]
98- >k°dh&24 (vk|k ijes'ojh dk ÿks/k 'keu) 173 fodkj mRiUu djrk gSA lalkj esa jkx&}s"k ‚n; dks foœr djrk gS vkSj
[k.M&5 % fofo/k vUr%dj.k dh lerk dks fcxkM+rk gSA ;gh jkx&}s"k tc ifjiDo gks
99- Hkf‰iwjd lw= 176 tkrk gS rks mldk uke lk/ku&fu"Bk vkSj oSjkX; gks tkrk gSA idk Qy
100- vn~Hkqr vuqHko 180 LokLF;] cy dks c<+krk gS vkSj e/kqj gksrk gSA blh Ádkj lk/ku&fu"Bk
101- lhrk&oqG.M 181
vkSj oSjkX; eu osG fodkj dksµeuksjksxksa dks nwj djus okys gSaA ekufld
102- egkekuo (nSR;jkt) osG mn~xkj 185
cy dks c<+kus okys gSaA e/kqj gSa vFkkZr~ 'kkfUrnk;h gSaA
103- ikB 187
104- ge lh[k ldrs gSa 192
oSjkX; vki esa ugha gS rks bldk vFkZ gS fd vki esa vHkh foosd dh deh
105- j{kd osG yEcs gkFk 195 gSA lRl¬] ln~xUz Fkksa dk v/;;u vkSj la;e dk fopkj] ;s rhuksa ;fn Bhd&
106- ngh [kk≈°xk 197 Bhd gksxa s rks jkx&}s"k dk nq%[kn :i ÁdV gq, fcuk jg ugha ldrkA
107- Fkwd dk nyny 198 lk/kd esaµBhd lk/kd esa oSjkX; ls Hkh cM+h ,d oLrq gksrh gS vkSj
108- nq%[k dk vk'khokZn 199 og gksrh gS cqfºekuhA oSjkX; rks jkx&}s"k dk fojks/kh gS_ fdUrq cqfºekuh
2 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 3

osGoy ew[kZrk] vKku dh fojksf/kuh gSA vki dg ldrs gSa fd ^jkx eq>s Hkh ugha gSA bldk Hkh egŸo gS_ foaGrq mruk egŸo ugha gS] ftruk ekuk tkrk gSA
ilUn gSA* veqd voLFkk esa }s"k Hkh vkidks vko';d yx ldrk gS_ oLrqvksa osG mi;ksx lEcU/kh ifo=rk bl ;qx esa iwjh fuHkkbZ ugha tk
fdUrq ew[kZrk fdlh voLFkk esa vkidks mi;ksxh yxrh gS\ fdlh dks ldrhA fVdV&fyQkisG vkfn ij ljsl yxrk gS vkSj ljsl dlkbZ [kkuksa
ew[kZrk&vKku ilUn vk ldrk gS\ esa ÁkIr inkFkks± ls curk gSA ;g ljsl jcM+ osG twrksa esa] vusd Ádkj osG
lk/kd og mŸke gS] og fLFkj vk/kkj ij vkSj vfopfyr gS] tks cqfºekuh ikfy'k esa] okfuZ'k esa] ;gk° rd fd fp=ksa osG ikfy'k esa] pkoy osG ikfy'k
dks viukrk gSA vFkkZr~ ftls rfud Hkh ew[kZrk fdlh fo"k; esa ilUn ugha gSA esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA blls dksbZ cp ugha ikrkA
vc vki nsf[k;s fd vki tks laxzg djrs gSa] tks [kkrs&igurs gSa] tks nokb;ksa osG oSGIlwy ftysfVu ls curs gSaA ftysfVu curk gS mlh dlkbZ
Hkksxrs gSa] tks djrs gSa] og lc furkUr vko';d gS vFkok mldk veqd [kkus osG inkFkks± ls vkSj fcLoqGVksa esa Hkh iM+rk gSA nokb;ksa esa fLÁV ('kjkc)
Hkkx NksM+ fn;k tk ldrk gSA mls vkius fcuk lksps ;k ^yksx D;k dgsax*s iM+rh gSA fcuk fLÁV osG gksE;ksifS Fkd nok curh gh ugha gSA
bl >wBh vk'k¡k ls viuk j[kk gSA ^dkphuksy* j¬ ,d Ádkj ds dh.kksa dks e'khu esa ihldj nf[k.k
eSaus ns[kk gSµ?kjksa esa 'khf'k;k°] dhysa] dkoZG vkSj nwljs jÌh lkeku yksx vesfjdk esa fudkyk tkrk gSA ;g pVd yky j¬ gSA pednkj mŸke
bdÎs dj ys tkrs gSa fdµ^dHkh budk dke iM+xs kA* foaGrq tc dke fyfiLVd] :t] usyikfy'k blls curh gSA
iM+rk gS] rc ;k rks os oLrq,° feyrh ugha ;k mudks <w°<u+ s esa bruk le; vkSj Ák;% lkcquksa esa pchZ iM+rh gSA uyksa esa peM+k yxk gksrk gSA vÈk vkSj
Je u"V gksrk gS] tks muosG ewY; ls cgqr vf/kd gSA 'kkd xUnxh dh [kkn nsdj mRiÈk fd;s tkrs gSaA vc ,sls ;qx esa fdruh
xfeZ;ksa esa mGuh lwV iguuk D;k gS\ vki cktkj tkrs gSa rks D;k yksx vkgkj 'kqfº vki j[k ldrs gSa\
vkidh nk<+h fdruh c<+h gS] ;g ns[krs gS\ a ?kjksa esa diM+s isfV;ksa es]a vkYekfj;ksa cgqr Je djosG] cM+h dfBukbZ mBkrs gq, vki 'kqºkgkj tqVk ysa rks\
esa Hkjs gSa vkSj u;s [kjhns tk jgs gSAa vius iq=ksa osG Hkh thou Hkj dks /ku i;kZIr rc Hkh vki vkgkj 'kqfº osG ewy rŸo ls rc rd of¥pr gSa] tc rd ml
gS vkSj dekbZ esa Hktu dks vodk'k ugha gSA ;g lc euq"; dks cqfºeku~ vkgkj dks 'kqº iSls ls u ik;k gksA
dgus osG y{k.k gS\ a vr% oSjkX; u viuk losGa rks cqfºeku~ rks cusAa vuko';d eq[; ckr gS fd /ku 'kqº gksµdekbZ bZekunkjh dh gksA iwjk Je
laxgz ] Hkksx] miktZu] fpUru] ppkZ ls nwj gks tk;° rks vki cqfºeku~A djosG lPpkbZ ls vkius /ku dek;k gS rks mldk vÈk 'kqº gSA og bruk
'kqº gS fd NksV&s eksVs ckgjh nks"kksa dks ipk;k tk ldrk gSA vr% lk/kd
vkgkj&'kqfº
dks 'kqº dekbZ osG vkgkj ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsuk pkfg,A
^losZ"kkeso 'kkSpukeFkZ 'kkSp% ija Le`reA
;ks∑FksZfg 'kqfp l 'kqfp% u e`}kfj'kqfp% 'kqfp%˚µeuq
vkpkj&'kqfº
og Bx gS tks dgrk gSµ^rqe pkgs tks djks] pkgs tks [kkvks&ihvks] pkgs
lc ifo=rkvksa esa eq[; ifo=rk /ku dh ifo=rk gSA ftldk /ku ifo= gS] tSls jgks] esjs ikl vkvks! eSa rqEgsa lekf/k yxok nwx° kA eSa rqEgsa eqDr dj nwx° kA*
og ifo= gSA osGoy feÍh&ikuh ls 'kjhj dks ifo= j[kus okyk ifo= ugha gSA ,sls yksx pkgs ftrus fo}ku gksa vkSj pkgs ftrus Áflº gksa] muls nwj
pkSoGs &pwYgs dh ifo=rk cgqr yksx j[krs gSAa D;k [kkuk vkSj D;k ugha jgus esa gh lk/kd dk fgr gSA
[kkuk bldk fopkj Hkh Ák;% lk/kd j[krs gSa vkSj bldk egŸo ugha gS] ;g ckr ^;ksxf'pŸko`fŸk fujks/k* fpŸk dh o`fŸk;ksa dk fujks/k ;ksx dgykrk
4 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 5

gSA o`fŸk;ksa dk FkksMh+ nwj #d tkuk ;ksx ugha gS* o`fŸk;k° #d rks fuÊk esa /ku es]a inkFkks± esa vklf‰ gksrh gSa rks mls yksHk dgrs gSAa yksHk vkSj eksg vklf‰
Hkh tkrh gSa] u'ks esa Hkh vkSj ewNkZ esa Hkh_ foaGrq bl #dus dk uke ;ksxµ osG gh uke gSAa blfy, nks"k rks gS vklf‰A bl vklf‰ dk gh uke jkx gSA
lekf/k&o`fŸk fujks/k ugha gSA o`fŸk;ksa dks papy djus okyh okluk dk cht jkx dh Áfrfÿ;k gS }s"kA gekjh vklf‰ ds LFkku ij vk?kkr gks rks }s"k
u"V gksus ij o`fŸkdk 'kkUr gks tkuk fujks/k gSA gksrk gSA tks gekjh dkeukiwfrZ esa ck/kd gS] mlosG Áfr ÿks/k&}s"k gksrk gSA
o`fŸk p¥py gq, fcuk] 'kjhj ,oa bfUÊ;ksa osG Hkksxksa esa vklfDr gq, fcuk dke dks vc ml vFkZ esa ys]a ftl vFkZ esa ;g yksd esa Ápfyr gSA vFkkZr~
u dke vkrk] u ÿks/k] u yksHk vkSj u eksgA blfy, pkgs tks cksyks* ^pkgs L=h&iq#"k Hkksx fo"k;&dkeukA ;g dke vkSj ÿks/k vkxUrqd nks"k gSAa ;s
tks [kkvks* ;g iru dkµujd dkµnq%[k dk ekxZ gSA vk°f/k;k° gSAa ;s vdLekr~ eu esa vkrs gSa vkSj fQj pys tkrs gSAa ,slk iq#"k lalkj
nsgklfDrµ bfUÊ; HkksxklfDr j[kdj u ;ksx gksrk] u Kku] u HkfDrA esa ugha feysxk] tks cjkcj nks fnu&jkr dke ;k ÿks/k osG vkos'k esa jg losGA
bfUÊ; Hkksxksa esa yxk] vla;eh dk eu papy gksxk ;k ,dkxz\ mlls ;ksx dke vkSj ÿks/k eu esa cjkcj ugha jgrs] ;s vkrs gSaA vkos'k gSa ;sA eu esa
oSGlk\ nsgklfDr Hkh vkSj vius vifjfPNÈk Lo:i dk cks/k Hkh vFkkZr~ vkus ij budk Kku gksrk gSA bldk vFkZ gS fd eu esa ;s vkosa gh ugha] ,slk
vius gh Kku osG foijhr vkpj.k D;k lEHko gS\ vklfDr Hkxoku~ esa eu cu ugha ldrkA ?kj dk }kj lnk ugha cUn j[kk tk ldrkA vk°/kh
jgsxh ;k Hkksx esa] nksuksa esa ,d lkFk ugha jg ldrhA vkos rc cUn fd;k tk ldrk gSA dke&ÿks/k ugha gh vkosa] lEHko ughaA
vUr%dj.k esa gh nq%[k&lq[k] ca/ku gSA vr% bl vUr%dj.k dks gh cM+&s cM+s Ωf"k;ksa osG Hkh eu esa vk;s gSa_ D;ksafd vkrs ;s Hkhrj ls gSaA vkus ls
'kqº djuk gSA bls ;ksx ls dfj;s ] Kku ls dfj;s ;k HkfDr lsA vUr%dj.k iwoZ budk irk ugha yxrkA vo'; gh vk tkus ij budks nck fn;k tk
esa pkgs tks vkosµbfUÊ;ksa ls pkgs tks gksrk jgs] rc vkidk ;ksx] Kku ;k ldrk gSA jksd fn;k tk ldrk gSA ;gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A tks ftruk
HkfDr gS fdlosG fy,\ og bZ'oj vFkok cz„k dks eqDr djus osG fy, gS\ ;g dj losG] mruk mPp lk/kdA lekt esa] lalkj esa O;f‰ dk dke&
blfy, vki ;ksx osG lk/kd gksa] ijekFkZ ftKklq gksa ;k Hkxo⁄fDr osG ÿks/k cgqr mFky&iqFky djrk gSA budk lh/kk vk?kkr lekt ij iM+rk
ekxZ esa pyus okys gksa] igyh 'krZ&igyh vko';drk gS fd vki lnkpkjh gSA vr% ;s lekt esa lcls cM+s nks"kµcgqr fuUnuh; ekus tkrs gSa_ foaGrq
gksaA vkiosG thou ls nqxqZ.k&nqjkpkj] vla;e nwj gksaA lp ;g gS fd ;s cM+s nks"k gSa ughaA lk/kd osG fy, ;s cM+s ck/kd Hkh ugha
cksyus esa] [kkus&ihus rFkk O;ogkj esa vkSj eu osG fpUru esa Hkh vki gSaA ej.kklÈk O;f‰ esa viokn :i gh dke osG tkxus dh lEHkkouk gS
la;e] lkfRodrk] ifo=rk cuk;s j[kus dks fujUrj lko/kku gSa rks lk/kd vkSj ;fn og FkksMk+ Hkh le>nkj gS rks ml le; ÿks/k Hkh ugha djsxkA de
gSaA bl lko/kkuh dk uke gh lk/ku gSA gh yksxksa dks ejrs le; ÿks/k vkrk ns[kk x;k gSA
ej.k le; dk fdruk vf/kd egŸo gS ;g dguk ugha gksxkA ^vUrs
egŸo osG nks"k ;k efr% lk xfr%* dk leFkZu xhrk rFkk nwljs 'kkL=ksa esa Hkh i;kZIr gSA
euq"; osG eu esa eq[; pkj nks"k gSµa dke] ÿks/k] yksHk vkSj eksgA bu pkj lk/kd osG fy, lcls cM+s 'k=qµlcls cM+s nks'k gSa yksHk vkSj eksg
dks Hkh 'kkL=dkjksa us laf{kIr fd;k vkSj osGoy nks nks"k gh cryk;s jkx vkSj }s"kA D;ksafd ;s LFkk;h nks"k gSaA ;s cjkcj cus jgrs gSaA jksx] cq<k+ ik vkfn dk bu
yksHk vkSj eksg oLrqr% nks nks"k ugha gSAa ;s nksuksa fo"k;&Hksn ls gh nks dgs ij ÁHkko ugha iM+rkA
tkrs gSAa tc 'kjhj] ifjokj esa vklf‰ gksrh gSa rks mls eksg dgrs gSa vkSj tc jksxh n'kk esa] miokl esa] cq<k+ is esa dke dk fodkj Lo;a 'kkUr gks tkrk
6 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 7

gSA ÿks/k dk LoHkko gS fd cyoku ij ugha vkrkA ej.kklÈk] nqcZy] bu nks"kksa la?k"kZ djus esa lk/kd dh cgqr vf/kd ekufld 'kf‰ dk
vlgk; O;f‰ rHkh ÿks/k djrk gS tc mls Hkjkslk gS fd nwljksa dk og viO;; gksrk gSA blfy, gksrk gS] D;ksafd mls la?k"kZ djuk vkrk ugha gSA
vknj.kh; gSA vU;Fkk mlesa nSU; vkrk gS] ÿks/k ugha vkrkA ;qº esa lqf'kf{kr NksVh lsuk Hkh Hkkjh vf'kf{kr HkhM+ dks ijkftr dj nsrh
yksHk vkSj eksg thou Hkj cus jgrs gSaA fHk[kkjh ls lezkV~ rd lcesa gS] ;g lR; gesa Hkwyuk ugha pkfg,A
jgrs gSaA jksx] cq<k+ ik] e`R;q{k.k esa Hkh ;s iwjs tkx`r jgrs gSa vr% lk/kd osG tks fu;e lalkj esa ;qº dk gS ogh fu;e Hkhrj osG ;qº dk Hkh gSA og
fy, ;s lcls cM+s ck/kd gSaA D;ksafd lekt esa ;s /khj xfr ls fNik mRikr fu;e ;g gS fd 'k=q osG lcls nqcZy LFkku dks <w°<k+ as vkSj ogk° iwjh 'kf‰ ls
djrs gSaµbuosG Áfr lekt esa de vkÿks'k gSA lekt budks lgus dk Ágkj djksA bldk vFkZ gS fd vius Hkhrj ns[kks fd rqEgkjk lcls nqcZy
vH;Lr gks x;k gSA cgqr cM+h lhek rd lekt osG yksx budks nks"s k gh ugha nks"k D;k gS\ mls iwjh 'kf‰ ls feVk nksA fQj lcls nqcZy <w°<k+ s vkSj mls
ekurs] D;ksafd ;s O;kid gSaA lcesa gSaA feVkvksA lcls cyoku nks"k ls igys gh er my>ksA
lk/kd dks lcls vf/kd /;ku nsuk gS bu nks"kksa ijA dke vkSj ÿks/k ftuesa tSlµ s rqeesa dke gS] ÿks/k gS] eksg gSA vHkh bUgsa] NksMk+ asA rqe g°lh esa
ckj&ckj vkrs gS]a mudk eks{k lEHko gSA nqokZlk vkSj nh?kZrek ;s ÿks/k vkSj dke O;FkZ >wB cksy tkrs gksA rqe fcuk dkj.k yksxksa ls cgl djus yxrs gksA rqe
osG cgqr vkos'k esa vkus okys nks Ωf"k gS_a foaGrq Ωf"k gSAa ysfdu yksHkh vkSj eksgh Hkkstu oqGN T;knk dj ysrs gksA rqe fu'p; djrs gks ik°p cts pyus dk
Ωf"k ugha gks ldrkA yksHk&eksg osG jgrs tho dk mºkj lEHko ugha gS vkSj vkSj ik°p feuV igys ;k ihNs pyrs gksA bu NksVs nks"kksa dh mis{kk er
LFkk;h nks"k gksus ls ;s jgsxa s rks cus jgsxa As tk;sxa s rks pys gh tk;sxa As djksA budks n`<+ fu'p; djosG feVk nksA budks ,d&,d NksMr+ s pyksxs
vkidks vius eu ls yksHk&eksg dks fuewy Z dj nsukµ;g eq[; n`f"V rks cM+s nks"k nqcZy iM+rs tk;saxAs mUgsa Hkh ihNs ljyrk ls thr yksxAs
vki esa gksuh pkfg,A lcls vf/kd lko/kku bUgsa nwj djus osG fy, jguk gSA (d) cM+s nks"kµ
oSls eu osG nks"kksa dks nwj djus dh jhfr ;g ugha gS fd lcls cyoku~ lk/kd esa lcls cM+s nks"k dkSu&ls gksrs gSa\
nks"k ls tw>uk vkjEHk dj fn;k tk;A tathj rksMu+ h gS rks mldh lcls dke vkSj ÿks/kµ;gh uke rqe ysuk pkgrs gks\ ysfdu ;g ckr Bhd
nqcZy dM+h rksM+ nhft;sA tks lcls nqcZy nks"k gS] tSls g°lh esa >wB cksy ugha gSA ;s nksuksa NksVs nks"k gSaA D;ksa NksVs gSa\ bldk mŸkj rqe vius thou
tkuk] [kM+&s [kM+s [kk ysuk ;k ty ih ysuk] ,sls NksVs nks"kksa dks nwj djus ls dk xf.kr djks rks fey tk;xkA
Jhx.ks'k djsaxs rks cM+s nks"k Hkh feV tk;saxAs euq"; osG thou esa ftrus le; dke dk vkos'k jgrk gks] mlosG ?k.Vs
tksM+ MkyksaA blh Ádkj ÿks/k osG ?k.Vs tksMk+ As rqe ns[kksxs fd ;s ?k.Vs cgqr
nks"kksa dks oSGls thrsa\ FkksMs+ gSaA dke vkSj ÿks/k vkosx gSaA ;s vk°/kh osG leku vkus tkus okys gSaA
ÁR;sd lk/kd osG lkeus ;g Á'u lnk jgrk gSA blfy, jgrk gS fd fdlh osG Hkh thou esa iwjs ,d fnu&jkr dHkh u dke jgrk gS vkSj u ÿks/kA
O;f‰ funksZ"k ugha gksrk vkSj lk/kd esa tkx`r foosd gksrk gSA og vius cPps esa dke ugha gksrkA cq<k+ is esa Hkh og nqcZy gks tkrk gSA dksbZ foijhr
nks"kksa dh vksj ls us= cUn ugha dj ldrkA lp rks ;g gSa fd lk/kd dks ckr u cus rks ÿks/k ugha vkrkA
vius NksVs nks"k Hkh cgqr cM+s nh[krs gSa_ D;ksafd LoPN oL= ij FkksMk+ &lk cM+s nks"k gSa yksHk vkSj eksgA ;s ejus rd Hkh fi.M ugha NksMr+ As ;s
/kCck Hkh nwj ls fn[kkbZ iM+rk gS vkSj cgqr [kVdrk gSA jkr&fnu cus jgrs gSaA ;s dc ugha Fks] ,slh x.kuk djuk gh lEHko ugha gSA
8 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 9

bu cM+s nks"kksa osG vfrfj‰ >wB] Áekn] O;FkZ cksyuk] ijppkZ] ijfuUnk] vkidh LorU=rk\
ft‡kyksyqirk tSls nqxqZ.k Hkh gSaA ;s Hkh thou esa dke&ÿks/k dh vis{kk vki LorU= gS vkius dks LorU= le>us esa_ fdUrq D;k dHkh vkius
vf/kd nsj rd jgrs gSaA viuh LorU=rk ij fopkj fd;k gS\
bu lHkh nqxqZ.kksa dk ewy vfHkeku rks gS ghA ;g vfHkeku vusd :iksa 'kS'ko /kk; rFkk ekrk osG ijrU= gSA blh Ádkj cq<k+ ikµ;fn vki
esa ÁdV gksrk gSa geesa veqd ln~xq.k gSa] geus ;s vPNs dke fd;sµ;gh nh?kkZ;q ikrs gSa] ?kj osG yksxksa osG ijrU= gks tkrs gSaA ckY; vkSj oSG'kksj
vfHkeku dk :i ugha gSA vius nks"kksa dks Lohdkj u djuk Hkh vfHkeku gh vfHkHkkodksa osG ijrU= gqvk djrk gSA
gSA uke&;'k dh bPNk Hkh vfHkeku gh gSA vius iSj ij [kM+s gksus osG i'pkr~\
lk/kd dks yksHk&eksg rFkk nwljs LFkk;h nks"kksa dks nwj djus ij vf/kd vkidk Á'u mfpr gS_ fdUrq lqfopkfjr ugha gSA fdrus yksx gSa tks
/;ku nsuk pkfg,A vius dk;kZy; osG] iRuh osG] cPpksa dh vko';drk osG ijrU= ugha gSa\
([k) cM+s xq.kµ ;g u Hkh lgh] vki viuh vko';drk osG vkSj oklukvksa osG ijrU=
osGoy nks"kksa ij /;ku nsuk cqjh ckr gSA nks"kksa osG gh fpUru ls nks"kksa dh ugha gSa\
tM+ nqcZy gksus osG LFkku ij n`<+ gksrh tkrh gS vr% nks"kksa dh vis{kk xq.kksa Hkwfy;s er fd O;f‰ lekt vkSj Á'kklu osG ijrU= gksrk gSA vfuok;Z
ij /;ku vf/kd fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ;fn lk/kd xq.kksa dks vius esa /kkj.k lSfud lsok vusd ns'kksa esa gS] Á'kklu ;k lekt osG vusd fu;e vfuok;Z
djrk gS rks nks"k cgqr ls Lo;a nwj gks tkrs gSaA gksrs gSaA
lk/kd dk lcls cM+k xq.k gS Hkxon~&fo'okl ;k vkRe&fo'oklA thou e`R;q osG ijrU= gSA
Hk‰ esa Hkxoku~ ij n`<+ fo'okl vkSj ;ksxh rFkk KkuekxhZ esa vius Á;Ru ij ru jksxksa osG ijrU= gSA
iwjk HkjkslkA ;g vosGyk xq.k bruk egku gS fd ;g iw.kZ gks rks nwljh lc /ku ,oa Hkksx ÁkjC/k osG ijrU= gSa
=qfV;k° ux.; gks tkrh gSaA eu oklukvksa] vk'kadkvksa osG ijrU= gSA
nwljk cM+k ln~xq.k gS lk/kd dk fd mlesa Áekn ugha gksuk pkfg,A thou esa LorU= D;k gS fd vki vius dks LorU= ekusa\
Áekn reksxq.k gS vkSj og lk/kd dk lcls cM+k 'k=q gSA vÁeknµfuR; ^Áœfr* ;kfUr HkwrkfuAµxhrk
lko/kku] vkyL;&ghu izo`fŸk] lnk tkx#drk lk/kd ds fy;s vR;Ur leLr Ák.kh&inkFkZ Áœfr osG ijrU= gSaA
vko';d vkSj cM+k ln~xq.k gSA Áœrs% fÿ;ek.kkfu xq.kS% dekZ.k loZ'k%A*µxhrk
tku&cw>dj eSaus fouezrk&vug¡kj dk uke bl r`rh; Js.kh esa j[kk Áœfr osG xq.k (lRo] jt re) gh lEiw.kZ vPNs&cqjs deZ djrs&djkrs
gSA uezrk cM+k ln~xq.k gS_ fdUrq ;g /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd uezrk dk Hkh gSaA rc vkidh LorU=rk\
vfHkeku gks tkrk gSA vr% uezrk dh mis{kk Hkh cM+k ln~xq.k gSA O;f‰ dks vkidh LorU=rk gSµlpeqp vki LorU= gSa vkSj ugha gSa rks gks
fu'Ny gksuk pkfg,] mlesa fn[kkoV cukoV ugha gksuh pkfg,A og tks ldrs gSaA
oqGN Hkh gS] tSlk Hkh gSµLi"V jgs rks mlosG nks"k&nqcZyrk ij ckj&ckj ;g ru] eu] /ku] thou Áœfr dk gSA bls viuk ekudj] blesa]
pksV iM+xs h vkSj os Lo;a nwj gksrs tk;saxAs vkl‰ gksdj rks LorU=rk feyus ls jghA ysfdu bl 'kjhj lsµ'kjhj ds
10 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 11

uke&;'k rFkk 'kjhj osG lEidks±] lEcfU/k;ksa ls vukl‰ gks tkrs gSa vki] mldk lRlaxh dgykuk gSA) lkFk gh vki pkgrs gSa fd og yksd ls
rks vc vkidks ijrU= djus okyk dkSu\ fujis{k gks] fdlh nwljs dh fpUrk u djs (ysfdu vkidk lEeku] vkidk
bl ijrU=rk ls eqDr gSa vki] rks egkiq#"k gSa blls eqDr gksuk pkgrs gSa Lusg vo'; j[ksA) vc vkidh ;g ek°x fdruh laxr vkSj lEHko gS\
rks tks blls eqDr gSa mu larksa ;k ijeeqDr ijekRek dh 'kj.k ysuh gS] ;g ftldh Áfr"Bk gS] fuf'pr :i ls mls O;ogkj&oqG'ky gksuk iM+xs kA nwljksa
'kj.kkxfr gh LorU=rk dk }kj gSA dk mfpr lEeku djuk iM+xs kA
vki ml lar ls Hk‰jkt ;k lk/kd] foj‰] Kkuh dgyk dj lUrq"V
tc vki vius dks Bxrs gSa gksuk pkgrs gSaA vki oSGls gSa] Lo;a tkurs gSaA vc vkidks tks ;g mikf/k;k°
^ogh Bxk tkrk gS tks nwljs dks Bxus tkrk gSA* ;g flºkUr loZ= vpkud nsrk gS] og vdkj.k rks ugha nsxkA vkidks rks mikf/k nsus okyk ;k
leku :i ls ykxw gS] bls Hkwfy;s erA vkidk lRdkj djus okyk pkfg,A
uksV nqxquk djkus osG yksHk esa] lksuk cuokus esa Ák;% yksx Bxs tkrs gSaA vkidks eqdnek thruk gS] O;kikj esa ykHk pkfg,] dksbZ vijk/k gqvk
,sls yksx lekt vkSj ljdkj dks Bxuk pkgrs gSaA fcuk oqGN fd;s mUgsa /kuh gSµn.M u feys] iq= ;k ifr pkfg,A vkidks irk gS fd lar&Hk‰ lalkj
gksuk gSA bl ykyp esa tks ugha vkrk] Bx mls Bx ugha ikrsA dks nq%[k :i] vlkj ekurs gSaA bl lalkj osG Hkksxksa esa u yxrs vkSj u nwljksa
vki v/;kRe osG ekxZ esa pyrs gSa] lRlax djus tkrs gSa rks vkiosG eu dks yxkrsA ysfdu vkidks rks og pkfg, tks vkidh vfHkyk"kk iwjh dj
esa v/;kRe dh 'kqº I;kl gS] vFkok dksbZ vkSj Hkh dkeuk gS] bls ns[k nsaA vc lPpk lar Hkh vkSj vkidh dkeuk iwjh djus okyk Hkh] bl ckr
yhft;sA dksbZ vkSj Hkh dkeuk gS rks vki Bxs tk ldrs gSa dk dgh esy gS\
eNyh dk°Vs esa D;ksa i°Glrh gS\ pkjs osG yksHk esAa vkiesa fdlh pkjs dk dksbZ peRdkj] dksbZ flfº] Hkf‰&Kku&oSjkX; ns ns pqVdh ctkdj]
yksHk gS rks og pkjk Mkydj i°Glkus okys lalkj esa lnk jgs gSa vkSj lnk jgsxa As lekf/k yxok ns vksj ;e&fu;e dk ikyu djuk u iM+As ,slh ek°x vki
vc nsf[k;s fd pkjs osG yksHk dk {ks= dgk° rd gSA vkidks lRlax j[krs gSa vkSj lksprs ugha fd bu vlEHko ek°xksa dks iwjk djus dk nkok tks
djus tkuk gSA tgk° tk jgs gSa ogk° Bgjus] Hkkstukfn dh lqO;oLFkk rFkk djsxk og oSGlk gksxk\ lar fo}ku~] Áflº] vkJe&lapkyd ugha gks
lEeku pkfg,A tgk° ;s lc lgt miyC/k gksa vki mlh vkJe esa Bgjuk ldrsµ;g eSa ugha dg jgk gw°A larksa esa vusd Ádk.M fo}ku~ gSa] ns'k esa
pkgrs gSaA mudh cgqr Áfr"Bk gS] muesa vusd ,d ;k ,dkf/kd vkJeksa osG lapkyd
vkJe osG v/;{k lar&egkiq#"k gks ldrs gSa_ fdUrq vki tks&tks Hkh gSa_ fdUrq vkidh ek°x&vkidh I;kl D;k gS\ ml ek°x osG Áfr vki
lqfo/kk,° pkgrs gSa] os iSls ls miyC/k gksrh gSA vr% mls ml iSls nsus okys fdrus lPps gSa\
/kfu;ksa dk vf/kd /;ku j[kuk gksxk ;k ugha\ vki lc lqfo/kk Hkh mlls Hkxoku~ osG leku lar Hkh dYio`{k osG leku gSaA vki muosG ikl
pkgrs gSa vkSj pkgrs gSa fd og /ku ls fujis{k jgs] /kfu;ksa dk vf/kd lq[k&lqfo/kk ,oa Áfr"Bk ikus vkrs gSa] ykSfdd dkeuk dh iwfrZ pkgrs gSa]
lRdkj u djsaA QDdM+ vkSj leku crkZo djus okyk gksA ;g vkidh muls rks ;g gks tkrk gS] blesa dksbZ ckr ugha gSA ysfdu ;g lc Hkh feys
cqfºekuh pysxh\ vkSj ijekRek ;k rŸoKku Hkh] tc ;g lksprs gSa rks vius vkidks Hkh Bxrs
vkidks fdlh Áflº Áfrf"Br dk f'k"; Hkh dgykuk gS (de&ls&de gSaA rc vkiosG Bxksa osG gkFk esa iM+us dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA
12 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 13

vkidh ekufld ijs'kkfu;k° D;ksa\ gSA dkYifud Hk; dk [krjukd okrkoj.k rS;kj dj fy;k gSA gesa
;FkkFkZoknh rjhosG ls lkspuk pfg,A Hk; dh vksj ls fopkjksa dk Áokg
vkt osG Áfr;ksfxrk vkSj vkfFkZd etcwfj;ksa osG O;Lr ;qx esa euq"; osG
gVkdj /kS;Z] lkgl vkSj vkRe&fo'okl dh vksj pykuk pkfg,A vius
eu esa pSu ugha gSA Áfrfnu lekpkj&i=ksa esa fny osG nkSjs vkSj CyMÁs'kj
eu dks nqHkkZoukvksa osG paxqy ls cpkuk pkfg,A
vf/kd gksus ls e`R;q vkSj vkRe&gR;k dh [kcjsa Ádkf'kr gksrh jgrh gSaA
tc vkidks ijs'kku djus okys fopkjksa dk vkÿe.k gks rks vki
yksx jkf= esa uhan dh xksfy;k° [kkdj fuÊk dks ÁkIr djrs gSaA 'kjkc&[kksjh LFkku] dk;Z vkSj okrkoj.k esa ifjorZu dj nhft,A ?kj ls ckgj fudydj
vkSj u'ks dh vknr mŸkjksŸkj c<+kŸs kjh ij gSA e|iku cM+s 'kgjksa dk ,d cktkj gks vkb;sA oqGN NksVh&cM+h oLrq [kjhn ykb;sA FkksMh+ nsj osG fy,
iSG'ku&lk cu x;k gSA ;qod fgIih cudj dYiuk osG lq[kn lalkj esa ckx esa gjs&Hkjs iqf"ir okrkoj.k esa ?kwe&fQj vkb;sA okrkoj.k cnyrs gh
fopj.k djrs jgrs gSaA Nk=ksa vkSj jktuSfrd usrkvksa dks ysdj vusd fpUrk nwj gks tk;xhA
vkUnksyu pyrs jgrs gSaA mxzrk osG okrkoj.k esa fur ubZ pqukSfr;k° nh tk jgh vius eu esa ;g Hkkouk cSBkb;s fd fleSa HkkX;oku~ gw° vkSj gj LFkku ij
gSaA blosG vfrfj‰ ?kjsyw vkSj ikfjokfjd leL;k,° Hkh cgqr my>h gqbZ gSaA lQy gksrk tk jgk gw°Afi blh fopkj dks xgjkbZ ls lksfp;s vkSj vius thou
e°gxkbZ] csdkjh] csjkstxkjh ijs'kkuh osG dkj.k gSaA dU;k osG fookg vkSj dh mu lQy ?kfM+;ksa dks ;kn dhft,] tc vki ÁlÈk gq, Fks vkSj vkius
ngst dh fpUrk,° gSaA viuh 'kf‰;ksa ij xoZ fd;k FkkA fiNyh lQyrkvksa osG fo"k; esa gh
buosG vfrfj‰ ijs'kkuh osG vkSj Hkh cgqr ls dkj.k gks ldrs gSaA ;fn lksfp;sA mYykl vkSj meaxksa okys {k.kksa dks gh ;kn dhft,A
ÁR;sd ijs'kkuh dks xgjkbZ ls ij[kk tk;] rks fofnr gksrk gS fd bu dkj.kksa vius eu dks vkufUnr j[kus dh dksf'k'k dhft,A 'kh'ks osG lEeq[k
esa&ls vf/kdka'k NksV&s NksVs gSaA ge jkbZ dk ioZr cuk nsrs gSaA NksVh&lh [kM+s gksdj rfud g°fl;sA f[kyf[kykb;sA ÁlUu jgus dh eq[k&eqÊk cukb;sA
fpUrk dks cgqr c<+k&p<+kdj ns[krs gSaA viuh dYiuk dk nq#i;ksx djrs tSlk vki psgjs ij Hkko j[ksax]s oSlk gh vUnj xqIr eu esa vuqHko Hkh
gSa vkSj ,slh&,slh mGytywy fo/oaaldkjh dYiuk,° fd;k djrs gSa] tks djsaxAs ;g ekuo&LoHkko gS fd og ckgj ls tSlk vfHku; djrk gS] vUnj
'kk;n dHkh gksus okyh ugha gSaA ls Hkh oSlk gh curk tkrk gSA
eu dh fpUrk c<+dj Hk; dk :i xzg.k dj ysrh gSA blosG c<+rs gh tks chr pqdk gS] mls Hkqykdj vc Hkfo"; dh ckcr lksfp;sA vki
efLr"d vlUrqfyr gks mBrk gSA dksbZ vius dtsZ dh fpUrk esa ?kqyk tk chrs gq, thou dks nqckjk ugha cqyk ldrs ij vkxs lEgydj py ldrs
jgk gS] rks dksbZ edku&tk;nkn o lEifŸk dks vk;dj&foHkkx ls cpkus gSaA lkgl vkSj /kS;Z&iwoZd fo"k; ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk dj ldrs gSaA bu
osG fy, ijs's kku gSa oqGN yksx dkYifud 'kkjhfjd fodkjksa vFkok jksxksa dh leL;kvksa dks lqy>kus osG fy, lPps fe=ksa dh lgk;rk yhft,A
dYiuk djrs jgrs gSa vkSj fur ubZ nokb;k° [kkrs rFkk MkDVjksa osG ?kj ds vkidks ladV dh ?kfM+;ksa esa lUrqfyr vkSj /kS;Zoku~ jguk gSA mrkoyh
pDdj yxkrs jgrs gSaA u djus ls vusd leL;k,° [kqn gh gy gks tkrh gSa ;k xk;c gks tkrh gSaA
;fn /;ku&iwoZd viuh ÁR;sd fpUrk dk xgjk v/;;u djsa] rks vki oqGN #ddj fQj mu ij fopkj dhft,A ftUgsa vki vuko';d le>rs
ik;saxs fd og vf/kdka'k esa dkYifud gh gSA vlyh [krjk ;k eqlhcr gSa] mUgsa R;kx nhft,A vki vuqHko djsaxs fd cgqr&lh vuko';d ckrksa esa
cgqr de gSA vdkj.k gh nwf"kr dYiuk dh otg ls geus mls rwy ns fn;k vki cseryc my>s gq, FksA
14 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 15

ijekFkZ osG fy;s nh[krk rks vki HkkX;ghu gSA ;g Bhd gS fd euq"; funksZ"k ugha gksrk_ fdUrq
tks Jºk iRFkj dks Hkxoku cuk nsrh gS] og vki esa bruh nqcZy D;ksa gS fd
(i) Bhd pkguk lhf[k;s
vki ,d Js"B O;fDr dks funksZ"k ugha ns[k ldrs\ vkidk vgadkj bruk
vki LokFkZ&ijekFkZ nksuksa dks idM+s jguk pkgrs gSa] bldk vFkZ gS fd Ácy D;ksa gS fd vki vius ls egŸke fdlh dks Lohdkjrs gh ugha] fQj rks
,d lkFk iwoZ vkSj if'pe nksuksa vksj pyuk pgrs gSaA ,slk ugha gks ldrkA ijekFkZ dh vk'kk NksM+ nhft;sA
vkidks D;k pkfg;sµ;g nks Vwd fu'p; dhft;sA dksbZ vkils D;k Bx ysxk\ /ku ;k 'kjhj vFkok nksuksaA vki /ku dks
lEifŸk] lEeku] lalkj esa lQyrk] Lotuksa dh lq[k&lqfo/kk ÁkjC/k vkSj 'kjhj dks idM+dj] lEgkydj ijekFkZ iFk esa tkuk pkgrs gks rks
ls feyrh gSA vkiosG pkgus&u&pkgus ls blesa oqGN gksus okyk ugha gSA ,slk cgqr&cqfºeku gks] vkidks ueLdkjA vki ;fn bUgsa NksMd + j budh mis{kk
ugha] bldh pkg gS rks blh dks] pkfg;sA blh {ks= esa iq#"kkFkZ djsaxs rks Ácy djosG pyuk pkgrs gks rks budh fpUrk D;ksa\ vki tks 'kkSp djrs gks] mls
iq#"kkFkZ] lfof/k vuq"Bkukfn ls ÁkjC/k dks cgqr oqGN cnyk tk ldrk gSA lqvj [kk;] dkSok [kk; ;k dhM+µ s vkius dHkh fpUrk dh gS\
vkidks ijekFkZ pkfg;s] vkReKku pkfg, ;k HkxoÌ'kZu pkfg;s\ ^dksbZ /keZ Bx ysxk* ;g vk'kadk gS\ /keZ dh ckr vxyh ckj_ fdUrq
vki tUe&ej.k osG pÿ ls NqVdkjk pkgrs gSa\ lpeqp pkgrs gSa\ rc bruk le> yks fd vFkZ vkSj dke osG leku /keZ Hkh ,d iq#"kkFkZ gS vkSj
/ku jgs ;k tk;] Hkou cus ;k ty tk;] lekt Á'kalk djs ;k FkwoGs ] cPps f=oxZ esa gh gSA prqFkZ iq#"kkFkZ eks{k osG iFk esa mlls Hkh mGij mBuk gSA mls
i<+as vkSj jksth jkstxkj ls yxsa ;k Hkh[k ek°x]s lalkj esa oqGN cus ;k fcxM+]s idM+s jgus esa Áxfr ugha gSA
vkidks dksbZ fpUrk] dksbZ g"kZ&mYykl ;k nq%[k&m}sx ugha gksxkA blosG
(iii) ekxZn'kZd pquuk lhf[k;s
fy;s vius dks ÁLrqr dj yhft;sA osGoy ijekFkZ&dks pkguk lhf[k;sA
gks ugha ldrk fd ,d tsc ls lalkj osG lq[k&lQyrk Hkjs jgsa vkSj pkgs tgk° Jºk djuk rks dksbZ cqfºeku Lohdkj ugha djrk_ fdUrq
nwljh esa vkReKku ;k Hkxoku Hkh vk tk;sa vki /ku Hkh pkgsa] lekt esa dgha Hkh Jºk u gks rks mls Hkh ukle> le>uk gksxkA Jºk djuk vkrk gS
m°Gph ukd Hkh cuk;s j[kuk pkgsa] cPpksa dks lq[kh&lQy Hkh cuk ysa vkSj vkidks\ Bhd Jºs; pquuk tkurs gSa vki\
eq‰ Hkh gks tk;saµew[kZrkHkjh dkeuk gSA blesa yxs jgsaxs rksµ cgqr cM+k eB] cgqr cM+k HkO; LFkku ;k vusdksa eBksa osG v/;{k dks
^nqfo/kk esa nksmG x;s] ek;k feyh u jkeA* vkius Jºs; pquk gS\ fdlh cgqr cM+s Áfrf"Br in ij fLFkr dks viuk xq#
ekxZn'kZd ekuk gS\ fdlh ,sls dks pquk gS ftuosG f'k";ksa dh la[;k cgqr
(ii) Jºk djuk lhf[k;s
cM+h gS\ fdlh cgqr cM+s fo}ku ;k mins'kd vFkok ys[kd xzUFkdŸkkZ dks
ijekFkZ dk iFk cqfº dk fo"k; ugha gSA vki vius Hkjksls pyuk xq# cuk;k gS\ fdlh riLoh] y°xksVh/kkjh] HkLe/kkjh ;k R;kxh dks vki
pkgrs gSa] viuh cqfº dks gh ije Áek.k ekurs gSa rks ijekFkZ dk ekxZ Jºs; ekurs gS\ a dgus nhft;s fd vkidks Jºs; dh igpku ugha gS vFkok
vkiosG fy;s ugha gSA ^eSa fdlh dh ckr dks okD; ugha ekurk* ,slk dgus vki vius vgadkj dks gh iq"V djuk pkgrs gSµ a ^eSa ,sls cM+s dk f'k"; gwA° *
okyk ?kksj vfHkekuh gSA og Bhd gh fu.kZ; thou Hkj ysrk tk; rks Hkh ;s lc fo'ks"krk;sa ;k buesa&ls dksbZ ,d fo'ks"krk nks"k ugha gS_ fdUrq
viuh cqfº dk xoZ mldk oSGls NwVxs k\ xq.k Hkh ugha gSA ;s fo'ks"krk;sa gks Hkh ldrh gSa] ugha Hkh gks ldrhaA nks"k ;g
;fn vkidks l`f"V esa ,d Hkh funksZ"k] Jºk djus ;ksX; O;f‰ ugha gS fd vki bu fo'ks"krkvksa osG dkj.k Jºk djrs gSaA
16 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 17

^rc\* ,d igpkuA ;g igpku vkidks /kks[kk ugha nsxhA tks ^;ekuHkh{k.ka lsosr fu;eku~ eRij% Dofpr~A*
fujis{k gS] og Jºs; gSA vkils ;k lalkj ls ftls oqGN Hkh pkg gS] og µHkkxor (11)
lk/kd Hkh ugha gSA lUr oL= dk j¬ ugha gSA lUr O;fDr gSµog tks ;eksa dk (lR;] vfgalk] vLR;s;] cz„p;Z vkSj vifjxzg dk) lnk
osGoy bZ'oj dh vis{kk j[krk gSA tks lalkj dh lsok ysrk gS rks œik lsou djsA budk dHkh R;kx u djsA lkFk gh HkxoRijk;.k jgs vFkkZr~
djrk gS mls fdlh dh dksbZ lsok visf{kr ugha gSA fu;eksa esa bZ'oj Áf.k/kku dk Hkh R;kx u djsA 'ks"k fu;eksa ˝'kkSp] lUrks"k]
ri] Lok/;k;˛ dks dHkh&dHkh lsou djsA
vfr ls cpuk gS bl Ádkj ri u Hkf‰ osG lk/ku esa mi;ksxh gS] u Kku osG lk/ku esa vkSj
^;q‰kgkj fogkjL; ;q‰ ps"VL; deZlqA u v"Vk¬ ;ksx esa ghA ri dk Qy gS flfº ;k LoxZA ri ,d Ádkj dk
;q‰ LoIukocks/kL; ;ksxksHkofr nq%[kgk˚* µxhrk ewY; gS] tks Áœfr dks fn;k tkrk gSA Áœfr ;k mldk fu;Urk mldk
euq"; dk eu vn~Hkqr gSA vÁkI; d"VÁkI; vkSj d"Vlk/; esa lgt ÁfrQy nsrk gSA vr% ftldks flfº ;k LoxZ ikus dk ÁyksHku ugha gS] og
egŸo cqfº mldh gks tkrh gSA ysfdu d"VÁkI; vkSj d"Vlk/; lnk vuko';d R;kx viuk dj ri djs] ;g oqGN le>nkjh ugha gSA
egŸo dk gh gks] ;g vko';d ugha gSaA lk/kd dk vkgkj] oL=] fuoklkfn lgt gksuk pkfg,A bruk fd
Hkxoku~ cqº us ^e/;eekxZ* lk/kd osG fy, mi;q‰ ekukA Hkxoku~ 'kjhj dh vko';drk ckj&ckj eu dks 'kjhj dks vksj u [khapAs u foykl
Jhœ".k us xhrk esa ;q‰ vkgkj] ;q‰ fogkj (fÿ;k&'khyrk) deks± esa ;q‰ u ,slk R;kx fd 'kjhj dk gh fpUru eu djrk jgsA lgt thou] lgt
Á;Ru] ;q‰ fuÊk] ;q‰ tkxj.k lsou djrs gq, lk/ku djus dks nq%[k&fuokjd jgu&lgu j[kuk lk/kd osG fgr esa gSA
cryk;k gSA ;gk° ;q‰ dk vFkZ gS] mi;q‰] vFkkZr~ viuh 'kkjhfjd] lkekftd
fLFkfr osG vuqlkj ftruk vko';d gS] mrukA
vfuok;Z la;e
ped&ned ;q‰ dherh oL= foykl gS rks fnxEcj jguk ;k VkV dksbZ la;e dh mis{kk djosG lk/ku ugha dj ldrkA ;g gks ugha
yisVuk nwljh lhek dh vfr gSA fepZ] elkys] feBkbZ osG fcuk Hkkstu u dj ldrk fd vki bfUÊ;ksa osG Lokn ds ihNs Hkh Hkkxks vkSj vareqZ[k Hkh cus
ikuk foykl gS rks vukgkj ;k iŸks ;k csy gh [kkdj jguk ;k ued] [kVkbZ] jgksA ckgj ugha] ijekRek vius Hkhrj gh ÁkIr gksxkA og gS rks loZO;kih]
phuh] xksjlek= (?kh] nw/k] ngh) dk R;kx vfr gSA jgus dks dksBh gh pkfg,] loZLo:i_ fdUrq tho dk mºkj mls vius vUr;kZeh :i esa ÁkIr djosG
xn~ns gh pkfg, fcNkus dks] ;g foykl gS rks [kqys esa ;k iwGl dh >ksiM+h esa gh gh gksrk gSA blfy, mls ikus osG fy, vUreqZ[k gksuk iM+xs kA ;g rHkh gksxk
;k o`{k ij jguk] i`Foh ij gh lksus dk fu;e djuk nwljh vfr gSA tc cfgeqZ[krk lekIr gksA
riL;k /keZ gSA riL;k esa egku~ 'kf‰ gSA riL;k ls vlk/; Hkh flº gksrk tc dksbZ egŸoiw.kZ dke djuk gksrk gS] rc NksV&s eksVs dkeksa dh
gSA blfy, riL;k dh fuUnk ugha dh tk ldrh_ fdUrq rikL;k eks{k dk lk/ku mis{kk djuh iM+rh gSA blh Ádkj ijekRek dks ikuk gS rks bfUÊ;ksa dh
tgk° gS] cgqr xkS.k gSA eks{k iq#"kkFkhZ osG fy, /keZ iq#"kkFkZ cgqr egŸoiw.kZ ugha gS Loknyksyqirk dh mis{kk djuh gh gksxhA tks Lokfn"V Hkkstu u feyus ij
vkSj eks{k&ekxZ esa ;e&fu;e ÁkjfEHkd lh<+h gSAa buesa Hkh ;e&vfuok;Z gS]a isV ugha Hkj ikrk] mldk eu Hkkstu dh fpUrk fd;s fcuk oSGls jgsxk\ eu
fu;e esa ;nk&dnk =qfV /;ku nsus ;ksX; ughaA Hkxoku~ dgrs gSaµ rks ,d gh dke djsxk] mlls Hkxoku~ dk fpUru gksxk ;k lalkj dkA
18 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 19

bl Ádkj ;g vfopy fu;e fudyrk gS fd ftls Hkh ikjekfFkZd eSa ,d efgyk dks tkurk gw°A os ,d O;kikjh lEiÈk ?kj esa iq=o/kw gks
lk/ku djuk gS] mldk lk/ku dksbZ Hkh gks mls ;e&fu;e dk ikyu djuk gh dj vk;haA mUgksaus llqjky vkus osG ik°p&N% eghus ihNs gh vius ifr ls
gksxkA ;e&fu;e] vklu rFkk /kkj.kk ÁR;sd lk/ku osG fy, vfuok;Z gSAa dgkµ^eSa vc rd vutku FkhA vc irk yxk fd vkis iwT; firkth
;g ckr lcosG fy, gSA ysfdu ^ekr`&e.My* esa bls dgus dk fo'ks"k O;kikj esa dkyk /ku dekrs gSa oLrqvksa esa feykoV djrs gSaA eSa vc bl ?kj
rkRi;Z gSA ukjh iq#"k dh Ásj.kkÚksr gSA og pkgs rks lEiw.kZ ifjokj dks esa Hkkstu oSGls d:°\ vki ekrk&firk ls i`Fko~G jgsa] mudh lsok u djsa] lks
la;eh cuk ldrh gSA og prqj gks rks e/kqjrkiwoZd ,slk dj ldrh gSA Hkh eSa ugha pkgrhA eq>s ,d flykbZ e'khu yk nhft;sA ikl iM+kl s dh
tgk° rd Hkkstu dh ckr gS] ukjh esa fo'ks"kr% Hkkjrh; ukjh esa ,d efgykvksa osG diM+s lh fn;k d:°xhA mlls esjk dke pysxkA firkth osG
vn~Hkqr larks"k dh Áo`fŸk gSA oqGN viokn lcesa fey tkrk gSA mu vioknksa ;gk° lekpkj nsdj vkiosG ?kj dk v;'k ugha djkm°xhA*
dh ckr NksM+ nsa rks bl ns'k dh ukjh dks lq[k&larks"k Lo;a Hkkstu djosG ckr lkl&Lolqj rd x;hA yksx [kwc ckS[kyk;sA cgw vkSjksa osG diM+s
mruk ugha feyrk] ftruk Lotuksa dks Hkkstu djkosG feyrk gSA eSaus ns[kk gS lhdj fuokZg djs] blesa cM+k v;'k FkkA og u viuh gB NksMu+ s dks rS;kj
fd tgk° Hkh fdlh ukjh dks dHkh osGoy vius fy, Hkkstu cukus dk Fkh] u firk osG ?kj tk jgh Fkh] u ifr osG lkFk i`Fko~G jgus dks jkth FkhA
volj vkrk gS] og mls Vky nsuk pkgrh gSA miokl u Hkh djs rks mlus ?kj osG yksxksa dh lsok Hkh ugha NksMh+ _ ysfdu Hkkstu NksM+ fn;k FkkA
:[kk&lw[kk [kkdj le; dkV nsxhA ysfdu Lotu dks Hkkstu djkuk gks ^rw bl ?kj esa dke djrh gSAa mldh etnwjh ys fy;k djA* Lolqj us le>k;kA
rks mlls vkyL;&Áekn tSls Hkkx tkrs gSaA ^;g rks esjk ?kj gSA vki lc esjs iwT; gSa vkidh lsok rks esjk dŸkZO;
blosG lkFk gh ;g Áo`fŸk Hkh nh[krh gS vf/kdka'k ?kjksa esa fd fepZ] gSA bldh etnwjh oSGlh\* cgw us ;g ekxZ Hkh ugha idM+kA ?kkVk cgqr FkkA
elkyk] [kVkbZ] vpkj dk Ápyu ,oa cgqyrk efgyk oxZ ds dkj.k gh cM+h /kugkfu ÁR;{k Fkh_ fdUrq cgw dks miokl yEck ugha djuk iM+kA
Ák;% c<+rk gSA viokn blesa Hkh cgqr feysax_s fdUrq ukjh pkgs rks /khjs&/khjs osGoy O;ax oqGN ekl vo'; lgus iM+As
lknk] LokLF;dj Hkkstu ifjokj dks fÁ; cuk ns ldrh gSA vusd ckj rks ukfj;ksa dh ek°x osG dkj.k iq#"k dks vViVs ekxZ ls
iq#"k oL= rks nwj] vius 'kjhj dh LoPNrk osG Áfr Hkh mis{kk djus miktZu dk vkJ; ysuk iM+rk gSA ukjh dfVcº gks rks lekt ls pksjh]
okys feysa ;g vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha gS_ fdUrq ukjh dh ltxrk mUgsa LoPN dkyk cktkjh] ?kwl[kksjh vkfn lcdks fonk dj ns ldrh gSA vius ?kj ls
jguk fl[kk nsrh gSA iSG'ku rks ?kj esa Ák;% ukjh osG ek/;e ls gh Áos'k ;g lc fonk dj nsuk mlosG fy, cgqr dfBu ugha gSA
djrk gSA vkidks ijekFkZ dk lk/ku djuk gSA vius mŸkjnkf;Ro ls tks foeq[k gS]
ckr rc FkksMh+ dM+h gks tkrh gS tc lR;] vfgalk] vLrs;] bZekunkjh ml dŸkZO;&foeq[k dh ikjekfFkZd mÈkfr gks losGxh\ vkidk dŸkZO; D;k gS
dk miktZu] lnkpkj ij ckr vkrh gS vkSj iq#"k dks budk ikyu djuk fd iq= dks lRiq= cukuk gS vkidksA iq= dk fuekZ.k ekrk djrh gSA ifr dh
gksrk gSA iq#"k dk {ks= ?kj ls ckgj gSA iq#"k vius vkpj.k] vius miktZu Ásj.kk iRuh gSA vr% la;e] lnkpkj tks ijekFkZ&iFk osG vfuok;Z vkjfEHkd
,oa O;ogkj esa gLr{ksi ilUn ugha djrk_ fdUrq ,slk ugha gS fd ukjh lko/kkuh lk/ku gS]a mudk ikyu osGoy vkidks gh ugha djuk gSA iwjs ifjokj dks
ls lrdZrk ls Lusg ls pkgs rks ?kj osG iq#"kksa ij mldk bu {ks=ksa esa ÁHkko mldk Hkh vH;Lr cukus dk nkf;Ro Hkh vki ij gh gSA vki fQlysxa h rks
ugha iM+xs kA iwjk ?kj fxjsxkA vki pkgsxa h rks iwjk ifjokj mÈkr gks tk;sxkA
20 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 21

lk/ku lqyHk lk/ku


fo"k;orh ok izo`fŸk:RiUuk eul% fLFkfr fucfU/kfuA µ;ksx n'kZu ^ohrjkx fo"k;a ok fpŸke~A* µ;ksxn'kZu
ge lalkj esa :i] jl xU/k] 'kCn vkSj Li'kZ osG }kjk lq[k ikrs gSaA bUgha
osG lk/kuksa dks ikus esa yxs jgrs gSaA ;fn fcuk ckgjh inkFkZ dk vk/kkj fy;s ftl O;fDr esa jkx&}s"k ugha gS] mlesa viuk fpŸk yxk nksA mldk /;ku&
gedks :i] jl] xU/k] 'kCn ;k Li'kZ viuh bPNkuqlkj feyus yxs rks fpUru djks rks fpŸk 'kqº gks tk;xkA ;g ckr egf"kZ ir¥tfy us dgh gSA
gedks lalkj osG inkFkks± dh ÁkfIr osG fy;s D;ksa HkVduk iM+As iq= esa] ifr esa ukjh dh vklfDr LokHkkfod gSA eSa ;gk° ,d fHkUu ckr
;|fi ikjykSfdd dY;k.k dh n`f"V ls bu lk/kuksa dk cgqr egRo dg jgk gw° fd vki vius ?kj esa dksbZ egkiq#"k cukosa vFkok dksbZ egkiq#"k
ugha gSa] ysfdu ftl lk/kd dks peRdkj ns[kuk gS vFkok ftldk eu lkSHkkX; ls fey tk; rks viuk fpŸk mlesa yxk nsaA
cgqr p¥py gS vkSj fdlh Ádkj ,dkxz gh ugha gksrk] mls vkjEHk esa bl egkiq#"k dkSu\
dksfV dk lk/ku FkksMs+ fnuksa djuk pkfg,A lh/kh ifgpkuµtks vkils vFkok lalkj esa nwljs Hkh fdlh ls dqN u pkgsA
ikjekfFkZd lHkh lk/ku ,sls gSa fd mudk ÁkIrO; ns[kk tkuk ugha gSa u fdlh ftldh lalkj ls dksbZ ek°x u gksA og R;kx ls jgs ;k Hkksx ls_ fdUrq vis{kk
us Hkxoku~ dks ns[kk gS]a u vkRekuqHko n`';A ns[kk&lquk rks lalkj vkSj lalkj osG dsoy Hkxoku~ ls j[ksA lalkj esa dksbZ fdlh dh lsok Lohdkj Hkh djs rks Li"V
lq[k&nq%[k gSA vr,o tc lk/kd dks fcuk ckgjh vk/kkj osG 'kCn] jl] xU/kkfn yxs fd og œik djds Lohdkj dj jgk gSA mls vko';drk ugha gSA
dk vuqHko gksus yxrk gS rks lk/ku esa mldk fo'okl terk gSA ijyksd&ijekFkZ egkiq#"kµ,slk egkiq#"k ;fn fey tk; rks vusd tUeksa dk iq.;
esa mldh Jºk gksrh gSA blfy;s ;s lk/ku ÁkjfEHkd lk/ku osG fy;s gSAa mn; gqvkA mlesa fpŸk vklDr gks tk; rks thou /kU; gks x;kA brus ls gh
;s ik°p lk/ku gSA buesa ls ÁR;sd esa eU= gSA og eU= lk/kd dks xq# izk.kh dk mºkj lqfuf'pr gks x;kA
ls ÁkIr gksrk gSA ;gk° lk/ku dk fÿ;k:i cryk;k tk jgk gSµ vius ?kj esa egkiq#"k dSls cuk;k tk;\
xU/kÁo`fŸkµfdlh vklu esa cSB tkb;sA LFkku vkSj le; ,slk pqfu;s ;g ckr rd rd dfBu gS] tc rd eksg dks eu ls nwj u fd;k tk;A
tcfd vkl&ikl 'kksjxqy u gksrk gksA jkr dks uhr cts osG ckn ik°p cts rd dk larku esa eksg Hkh jgs vkSj lekt esa viuh ^ukd* Hkh ≈°ph j[kh tk; rks ;g
le; lcls mŸke gSA ugkus&/kksus dh vko';drk ugha gSA vki vius fcLrj ij ckr cu ugha ldrhA eksg ujd dk }kj gSA dke&ÿks/k&yksHk dk Hkh cki
Hkh cSB ldrs gSAa lnhZ yxrh gks ;k ePNj rax djrs gksa rks oqGN vks<d+ j cSfB;sA gS eksgA vr,o igys eksg dks eu ls nwj dhft;sA
ckr bruh gS fd vkidk /;ku ckgj f[kpsµ,slh ckrsa ugha gksuh pkfg;sA csVk ;k csVh i<+]s vPNk in] cgqr&lk /ku ikosA mls vPNh iRuh ;k
viuk eu nksuksa HkkSgksa osG chp osG LFkku ij yxkus dk Á;Ru dhft;sA ifr feysA mlds cky&cPps gksaA ;g ckr lHkh pkgrs gSaA eksgo'k pkgrs
mlh LFkku ij n`f"V tekus dk Á;Ru dhft;sA gSaA vkidks Hkh ;gh pkguk gS rks vkils dqN dguk ugha gSA
cgqr FkksMs+ fnuksa esa vkidks fofp=&fofp= lqxU/k dk vuqHko gksus ftl ?kj esa ,d HkDr ;k egkiq#"k gks tkrk gSµml dqy dh bDdhl
yxsxkA ysfdu vius vuqHko dks vius funsZ'kd dks NksMd + j nwljksa ls ihf<+;ksa dk mºkj gks tkrk gS] ;g vkius lquk gS\ 'kkL= ;g ?kks"k.kk djrs gSAa
crkus yxsaxs rks ;g yqIr gks tk;xkA mls vius rd jf[k;s! tc xU/k vkids cPps gSaA os iq= gksa ;k iq=hµmuesa Hkxoku~ dh HkfDr tkxs]
vuqHko gksus yxs rks vkxs osG funsZ'k oS;f‰d :i esa ysus pkfg;sA ,slk iz;Ru dhft;sA
22 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 23

cgqr ls ekrk&firk ,slk djrs gSa_ fdarq dfBukbZ rc vkrh gS tc [k) >xM+k gksus vkSj ÿks/k vkus osG volj de gks tkrs gSaA
yM+dk ;k yM+dh i<+us esa] /ku dekus esa Bhd&Bkd ugha yxrs vFkok x) vius nSfud dk;Z 'kkfUr ls rFkk vf/kd ,dkxzrk ls gks ikrs gSaA
fookg djuk Lohdkj ugha djrsA ?k) FkksMs+ gh fnuksa esa ti esa vn~Hkqr jl vkus yxrk gSA bl Ádkj ti
vki ij lekt vaxqyh mBkus yxrk gS ;k vkidks Mj yxrk gS fd djus okys dks ;g fu'p; djuk iM+rk gS fd fuÊk] Hkkstu] ty ihuk vkSj
lekt vaxqyh mBkosxkA vR;Ur vko';d gks rHkh cksyus osG volj dks NksMd + j og ft‡k ls
lekt us ujlh esgrk] rqdkjke] dchj] ehjk ij de vaxqyh mBk;h\ cjkcj ti djrk gh jgsxkA
de fuUnk ;k fojks/k bu yksxksa ds gq,\
LoHkkor% FkksMs+ fnuksa esa ti esa yxk O;f‰ vYiHkk"kh gks tkrk gSA mls
^;fn cPpk ;k cPph vkxs laHky u ikos* ;g vk'kadk Bhd gS_ fdarq
cksyus dh vis{kk ti djus esa vf/kd lq[k feyrk gSA Qy ;g gksrk gS fd
vkxs og laHky ugha ldsxk] blfy, vki vHkh ls /kDdk ns nsaµ;g D;k
cksyuk vko';d gksus ij Hkh og de&ls&de 'kCnksa esa viuh ckr dguk
le>nkjh dh ckr gS\
pkgrk gSA
bruk nsf[k;sµvkidh lUrku lqekxZ ij gSA mlesa dksbZ cqjkbZµdksbZ
vkokjkiuk ugha vk jgk gS rks mls mRlkfgr dhft;sA mls cU/ku esa er vlR; cksyuk rks NwV gh tkrk gSA lgu'khyrk vk tkrh gSA dksbZ O;ax
Mkfy;sA mldks ftruh lqfo/kk lEHko gks nhft;sA djs] oqGN dM+h ckr dg ns] rks Hkh pqi jg tkuk fÁ; yxrk gSA D;ksafd
og egkiq#"k u Hkh cu lds rks ftruk dqN dj ikosxkµmlesa vkidk mŸkj ÁR;qŸkj djus esa mldk ti NwVrk gSA
Hkkx gksxkA dgha og lpeqp viuk mºkj dj ys ldk rks vkidk mºkj >wB u cksyuk] >xM+k u djuk] ijppkZ u djuk] fdlh dh fuUnk u
vius vki gks tk;xkA djuk vkfn cM+s ln~xq.k gSaA buesa&ls dksbZ ,d ln~xq.k Hkh O;f‰ dks egku
vius ?kj esa egkiq#"k cuk ldsa rks cukosaA dksbZ egkiq#"k fey tk; rks cuk nsrk gSA buesa&ls dksbZ ,d ln~xq.k thou esa ys vkus osG fy, cgqr
mlesa fpŸk dh vklfDr c<+kosaA cM+s lkSHkkX; ls ,slk volj feyrk gSA Á;Ru ,oa eu ls cgqr la?k"kZ djuk iM+rk gS] fdUrq HkxoÈkke&ti dk ;g
de yksxksa dks feyrk gSA vH;kl dj fy;k tk; rks ;s lc ln~xq.k thou esa vius vki vk tkrs gSaA
buosG fy, i`Fkd ls dksbZ Á;Ru ugha djuk iM+rkA
lqxe lk/ku uke&ti dk vH;kl iDdk gks tk; rks eks{k fuf'pr gks tkrk gSA
1&lcosG fy, lcls lqxe lk/ku gS HkxoÈkke dk tiA ukjh osG D;ksafd Ák;% ejrs le; Ák.kh lq/k&cq/k [kks nsrk gSA ml le; tkucw>
fy,µfo'ks"kr% ijfokj esa jgus okyh ukjh osG fy, ;g vkSj Hkh lqyHk gSA dj dksbZ lk/ku djuk mlosG o'k esa ugha gksrkA ysfdu thou esa ;fn thHk
?kj osG dke djrs gq, vks"B fgyrs jgsa&fcuk 'kCn fd;s HkxoÈkke dk ti dks uke&ti dk vH;kl gks x;k gS rks ejrs le; Hkh thHk uke&ti
djus dk vH;kl dj ysuk fdlh osG fy, dfBu ugha gSA blosG dbZ djrh gh jgsxhA ejrs le; dksbZ uke&ti djrs gq, 'kjhj NksMs+ rks mldks
ykSfdd ykHk gSaµ fQj tUe ugha ysuk iM+rk] ;g ckr lc lr~&'kkL= ekurs gSaA
d) O;FkZ dh ckrphr cUn gks tkrh gSA blls nwljksa dh ppkZ vkSj uke&ti osG lEcU/k esa uhps dh ckrsa /;ku esa j[kuh pkfg;sA
fuUnk&Lrqfr NwV tkrh gSA 1&uke dk ti fdlh voLFkk esa NksMk+ ugha tkrkA 'kkSp vkfn nwljh
24 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 25

vifo= n'kkvksa esa Hkh mls NksMu+ k ugha pkfg;sA ikj ugha gks ldrk] ;g ckr xksLokeh rqylhnkl th us dgh gSA
2&uke osGoy HkxoUuke gksA eU= tiuk gks rks mls Luku djosG dksbZ blfy, ^xq# dh vko';drk gh D;k\* ,slk dguk&ekuuk rks
Hkys tis] fdUrq ÁR;sd le; rks uke dk gh ti fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA vfHkeku osG vfrfj‰ oqGN gS ughaA
3&uke ftruk NksVk vkSj lh/kk gksxk] fujUrj ti djus esa mruh vc Á'u mBrk gS fd Hkxoku~ dks] Hkxoku~ 'kadj dks] nsof"kZ ukjn dks
ljyrk gksxhA ;k Hkxoku~ O;kl dks vFkok ,sls gh vU; egkiq#"k dks xq# eku ysus ls
4&,d ckj ftl uke dk ti ÁkjEHk fd;k tk;] mls cnyk u tk;A dke pyrk gS ;k ugha\
thou Hkj mlh uke dk ti fd;k tk;A ugha pyrkA D;ksafd xq# osGoy ekU;rk ugha gSA f'k"; xq# ls ÁkFkZuk
5&ftlesa viuh Jºk gksµml xq# ls uke dk mins'k ÁkIr djuk djrk gS vkSj tc xq# mls Lohdkj djosG viukrk gS] rc xq#&f'k";
vf/kd vPNk gSA blls viuh vksj ls uke dks cnyus dk ladYi ugha mBsxkA lEcU/k curk gSA vkius ÁkFkZuk dh] lar us Lohdkj ugha fd;k rks vkiosG os
eq>s vkSj nwljs fdlh dks Hkh tho osG mºkj dk blls lqxe nwljk dksbZ xq# dgk° gq,A blh Ádkj vkius eu ls fdlh dks xq# ekuk rks os xq# gq,
lk/ku irk ugha gSA blls lqxe dksbZ nwljk lk/ku gS gh ughaA dgk°\ mudh Lohœfr feyh\
eu yxrk gS rks Bhd gS] ugha yxrk gS rks Hkh dksbZ cqjkbZ ugha gSA oSls xq# dk vFkZ gS KkunkrkA vkius ftls eu ls xq# ekukµmlus rks
tc Hkh lEHko gks vius ti dks vius dku ls lqurs jguk pkfg;sA blls vkidks 'kj.kkxr ekuk ugha vc vki viuh dYiukvksa dks mldh Ásj.kk
eu mlesa yxk jgsxkA dgrs jgks ;g vkiosG eu dh ckrA
Hkko oqGHkko vu[k vkylgw°A vo'; gh ÁR;{k ;k LoIu esa ftUgsa n'kZu nsdj Hkxoku~ 'kadj] O;klth]
uke tir eaxy fnfl nlgw°˚ ukjn th ;k dksbZ vkSj egkiq#"k nh{kk&mins'k nsrs gSa] mudh xq# 'kj.kkxfr
Bhd gS% muosG xq# gksus esa lUnsg ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
xq# cukuk vko';d gS\ ,dyO; vkSj dchj th osG mnkgj.k fHkÈk Ádkj osG gSa_ fdUrq buesa Hkh
bldk mŸkj xksLokeh rqylhnklth us fn;k gSµ ,d ckr gS tks /;ku ugha nh tkrh vkSj og ;g fd Êks.kkpk;Z&,dyO; osG
xq# fcuq Hko fuf/k rjS u dksbZA fy, vkSj Lokeh jkekuUn th&dchj th osG fy, ÁR;{k FksA nksuksa us vius
tks fojf¥p ladj le gksbZ˚ xq#vksa osG ÁR;{k n'kZu fd;s Fks vkSj nksuksa us ÁkFkZuk dh FkhA nks esa&ls fdlh
cz„kth vkSj Hkxoku~ 'kadjµvFkkZr~µ us vÁR;{k ij'kqjke th] 'kadj th vkfn dks xq# ugha cuk;k FkkA nwljh
lEiw.kZ l`f"V cukus dh lkeF;Z ls lEiÈk vkSj lEiw.kZ Kku] fo|k] dyk dh ckr ;g fd ,dyO; rFkk dchjnklth dh n`<r+ kµfu"Bk blesa ije
vf/knsoh ljLorh fuR; lsok esa mifLFkrA ,slh fÿ;k 'kf‰ vkSj fo|k&cqfºA vko';d gSA
lEiw.kZ l`f"V dh Áy; djosG mldh foHkwfr /kkj.k djus okysµoSjkX; Li"V rkRi;Z gS fd xq# eu ls dfYir fd;k ugha gh gksuk pkfg,A og
dh ijkdk"BkA dke ftudh n`f"V ls HkLe gks tkrk gSA ikoZrh dks vk/ks ÁR;{k gksuk pfg,A Hkys LoIu esa gh og ÁR;{k gqvk gks vFkok nh{kk nsu&s
'kjhj esa /kkj.k fd;s jgus ij Hkh mG/oZjrs kµla;e dh dYiukrhr lhekA mins'k djus osG rRdky ckn mlh fnu mldk ijyksd&xeu gks x;k gksA
bruh lkeF;Z] cqfº] oSjkX;] la;e gks rks Hkh xq# osG fcuk dksbZ lalkj ls ;k fQj ifjfLFkfr o'k mlls nqckjk feyuk u gqvk gksA
26 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 27

mfpr xq# oSGls feys ijexq#


pkgs ftls xq# cuk ysus ls oqGN gksrk ughaA ,d lUr dgrs Fks] xq# rhu vkids xq#nso dkSu gSa\ os thfor gksa vkidks miyC/k gksa rks xq#iwf.kZek
Ádkj osGµQDdM+ xq#] yDdM+ xq#] iRFkj xq#A ij vkidks vo'; mudk iwtu djuk pkfg,A viuh Jºk ,oa 'kf‰ osG
QDdM+ xq# tks viuh œik ls f'k"; dks ikj dj nsaA yDdM+ xq#µ vuqlkj mudk lRdkj djuk pkfg,A
ftuds mins'k ij pydj f'k"; Hkolkxj ikj gks tk;A tSls ydM+h dks mudk 'kjhj u gks ;k os miyC/k u gks ldsa rks vki eu ls mudk
idM+ dj rSjdj unh ikj gks tkrs gSaA iRFkj xq# tks Lo;a rks Mwcasxs ghµ Lej.k djsa] mudk iwtu djsaA
idM+us okys dks Hkh Mqckdj NksMasx+ As ,d ckr Lej.k j[ksaµxq# osG nks :i gSaA ,d mudk og :i tks
vc QDdM+ xq# u fey losGa ] rks yDdM+ xq# rks gksa de&ls&deA iRFkj vkidks nh[krk gS vkSj nwljk og :i tks vkiosG vUrj esa jgdj vkiosG
xq# dk iYyk rks u idM+k tk;A blds fy, xq# esa fuEu fo'ks"krk,° pkfg, ghaµ lk/ku nsg dk laj{k.kµiks"k.k djrk jgrk gSA ;g nwljk :i gh eq[; gSaA
1µtks #fp] fu"Bk vkidh gS] Bhd oSlh mldh u Hkh gks rks Hkh ml ;g rks tUekUrj esa Hkh vkiosG lkFk jgsxk vkSj vkidks ijein rd
#fp] fu"Bk ls fojks/kh fu"Bk mldh u gksA igq°pk,xkA
2µog lpeqp lUr gksA xq# osG thou esaµLFkwy nsg esa jksx rFkk nks"k Hkh vk ldrs gSa] fdUrq
3µog 'kkL=ksa dh e;kZnk dk tkudkj gksA vkidk lEcU/k rks LFkwy nsg ls ugha gSA muds Kku&Lo:i ls gS] tks
u osGoy lUr] u osGoy if.MrµlUr Hkh gks vkSj 'kkL= dk fo}ku Hkh rks vkids vUrj esa gSA fuR; vkids lkFk gSA vfouk'kh gSA vr% LFkwy nsg
gks rFkk viuh fu"Bk dh vfojks/kh fu"Bkokyk gks rks og xq# cukus ;ksX; gSA mudk u Hkh jgs rks Hkh os vkiosG lkFk gSaA
,slk mfpr xq# oSGls feysA D;ksafd ;g dfy;qx gSA blesa 'kkL=ksa osG eq>s vn`'; frCcrh flº dh ckr lR; yxrh gSA ^f'koLej.k* esa eSaus
iafMr vius dk lUr ?kksf"kr djsa] lk/kqo's k&/kkjh ek= flº lUr dgykosa] ;g ?kVuk iwjh nh gSA mUgksaus cryk;kµ^tSls vusd f'ko&efUnjksa esa vusd
;g vn~Hkqr ugha gSA tc lc Bxus dks gh dej dls gksa rks ,sls cktkj esa f'kofyax ;k vusd f'koewfrZ gksus ij Hkh f'ko vusd ugha gSa] mu lc ewfrZ;ksa
jRu oSGls ik;k tk;\ dh iwtk f'ko dh iwtk gS vkSj mikld pkgs ftl efUnj esa iwtk djs] ml
vki lnkpkjh cus jgsa vkSj HkxokÈkke te esa yxs jgsaA peRdkj ns[kus iwtk dh Lohœfr] iqtkjh dk j{k.k] vHkh"V iwfrZµewfrZ ugha] f'ko djrs
vkSj vn~Hkqr vuqHko lqukus okyksa ls rfud nwj jgsaA Hkxoku~ ls ÁkFkZuk gSa] oSls gh fdlh osG xq# dksbZ gks] xq#µ'kjhj rks ewfrZ gSA xq# rRo ,d gh
djsaµ^mfpr ln~xq# nsa ÁHkq!* gSA ÁR;sd xq# osG :i esa ogh iwftr gksrk gSA ogh lk/kd dk j{k.k] iks"k.k
jke œik fcuq feyfga u larkA rFkk ekxZn'kZu djrk gSA og ije xq# gSA
vr% ÁkFkZuk djsa] FkksMh+ Árh{kk djsa vki esa Jºk gS] oSjkX; gS Hkksxksa ls mu flº us dgkµ^ge mls egkcº dgrs gSaA rqe f'ko] 'ks"k] Jh
gh ugha] peRdkjksa ls Hkh vkSj vki lk/ku djuk pkgrs gSaµ^Nw eUrj* osG vkfn esa fdlh uke ls mls tkurs gksA og nks ugha] ,d gh gS vkSj ogh
vkrqj ugha rks vkidks xq# feysaxAs vki bruk djsaµtc ‚n; dgs fdµ^;s rRoµijerRo gSA*
esjs xq#nso* rc fgposaG ugha] rqjUr ÁkFkZuk djsa muls fd os viukosaA xq#iwf.kZek dks vki ml ij ijexq# dh iwtk rks vo'; dj ysaA vki
28 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 29

ijexq# Hkksycs kck dks ekusa rks Bhd&nkmGnknkµlad"kZ.kµ'ks"k dks ekusa ekufld iwtk
rks Bhd] Jh rks oks gSa gh] txnEck vkSj ^œ".ka oUns txn~xq#e~* dks
Hkwyk oSGls tk;sxkA eSaus dbZ yksxksa dks ^/;ku djkrs* ns[kk gSa oqGN vuqxr lkeus us= cUn
djds cSB tkrs gSa vkSj mins"Vk cksyrs tkrs gSaµ^vkiosG us=ksa osG lkeus
e`R;q dh Le`fr vkils lok gkFk nwj] lok gkFk m°Gpk] lok gkFk yEck] lok gkFk pkSMk+ lksus
nks ckrksa dks Hkwy er] ;fn pkgs dY;kuA dk flagklu gSA mlesa ghjs] ekf.kd] uhye] iUuk] eksrh tM+s gSaA ml ij
^ukjk;.k* ,d ekSr dks] nwts JhHkxoku˚ e[key dk eksVk lqUnj vklu fcNk gS ml vklu ij Hkxoku~ [kM+s gSaA*
ÿe ls os Hkxoku~ dk o.kZu pj.kksa ls ysdj eLrd rd djrs tkrs gSa
e`R;q fuf'pr gS vkSj bldk dksbZ le; igys ls Ák;% Kkr ugha gksrkA v¬ksa osG vkHkw"k.k] oL=] vk;q/k dk Hkh o.kZu djrs tkrs gSaA us= cUn fd;s
ckyd] ;qok] o`º dksbZ dHkh Hkh ej ldrk gSA ;g vkrad dh ugha] vHk; yksx o.kZu osG vuqlkj dYiuk djrs tkrs gSa ;k oSlh dYiuk djus dk
gksus dh Ásj.kk gSaA ;g Ácy Ásj.kk gS fd vki vukl‰ thou O;rhr djsaA Á;Ru djrs jgrs gSaA
e`R;q esa dksbZ ihM+k ugha gSA ;g ckr cgqr [kkst djosG ik'pkR; ijk& lc ,d #fp osG gksa] lcdk eU=] b"V Hkh ,d gh gksµ,d gh Hkko
euksoKS kfudksa us flº dh gSA ihM+k gksrh gSµlaxzghr lkexzh] Lotu] gks b"V osG Áfr rks ,sls yksxksa dks ÁkjfEHkd voLFkk esa tc fd eu fp= ;k
ifjtu vkSj orZeku in Áfr"Bk] lq[k&lqfo/kk osG NwV tkus dh vk'kadk lsA ewfrZ ls vf/kd dh dYiuk dj ugha ldrk] ,slk /;ku djuk&djkuk
lar&lqfopkjd dgrs gSaµ^thou ,sls cuk;s j[kks tSls rqEgsa vkt gh mi;ksxh gksrk gSA
;k dy ej tkuk gSA bl Ádkj rqe LoLFk] fuf'apr thou th ldksxAs tc eu b"V osG ltho] lkdkj] pyrs&fQjrs] g°lrs&cksyrs] [kkrs&ihrs
egkf'kojkf= gS bl eghus vkSj Hkxoku~ f'ko egkdky gSa rks e`R;q¥t; Hkh gSAa :i dh dYiuk djus esa leFkZ gks tk;] ,d ifjikVh esa c°/kk /;ku ;k
vki dkSu gSa\ ekufld iwtu u ykHkdj gS vkSj u mfpr gSA fQj rks ekufld&iwtu
dky osG xzkl ;k e`R;q¥t; osG fÁ; iq=\ 'kjhj dky dk xzkl gS_ le;] ns'k] voLFkkfn osG vuqlkj cnyrk jgsxkA
fdUrq ;g rks ey&ew=] gM~Mh&ek°l vkfn dk xUnk dks;yk gSA bldh vius b"V dk tSlk Lo:i gks vkSj viuk tSlk Hkko gks b"V osG Áfr]
vklf‰ NksfM+;As oSlk ekufld iwtu dk Lo:i gksxkA tSls vki cuoklh Jhjke osG
nsg dh vklf‰ R;kx dj vki dky osG Hkh dky Hkxoku~ e`R;q¥t; mikld gSa rks vius vkjk/; dks eu esa Hkh jRu&flagklu ij ugha cSBk ldrs
osG iq= gksA vkidk dky vkSj e`R;q] Hk; vkSj vHkko Li'kZ djus dk Hkh vkSj u jRu&ekyk ifgukosaxAs mUgsa rks LQfVd&f'kyk ;k osfndk ij e`xpeZ
lkgl ugha dj ldrsA fcNkdj cSBkuk gksxkA ou osG iq"iksa dh ekyk ifgukuk gksxkA Qy rFkk
e`R;ksekZ ve`ra xe;A dUn dk Hkksx lefiZr djuk gksxkA os rkEcwy ugha [kk;sax]s u b= yxkosaxAs
;g ÁkFkZuk vkidks ugha djuhA ;g ve`rRo vkidk LoRo] vkidk e;kZnk iq#"kksŸke dh ekufld iwtk esa Hkh e;kZnk dk ikyu djuk
Lo:i gSA osGoy vki ej.k&/kekZ nsg dk eksg isaGddj vius Áy;¡j gksxkA cztUs ÊuUnu dh ekufld iwtk djsaxs rks mldh p¥pyrk dk Hkh
dY;k.k Lo:i lnkf'ko firk dk Lej.k djksA fpUru djuk gksxkA
30 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 31

ckgjh iwtk esa O;f‰ cgqr foo'k gksrk gSA inkFkZ euksuqowGy ugha fey lquus dks gh ÁLrqr ugha gSµ
ikrsA tks feyrs Hkh gSa mUgsa ewfrZ osG vuqlkj ltkuk iM+rk gSA tSls esjs ^fufoZ..kkuka KkuÁ;ksxks%A*
dUgkbZ dh fp=&ewfrZ NksVh gSA dey ;k xqykc osG iq"iksa dh ekyk mls n`<+ oSjkX;oku~ Kku dk vf/kdkjh gSA
ifguk;h ugha tk ldrhA eu esa ,slh dksbZ ck/kk ugha gSA Ωrq ,oa le; osG lkdkj dk Hkh Kku gksrk ugha vkSj fuxqZ.k&fujkdkj osG /;ku ls vki
vuqlkj mŸke ls mŸke inkFkks± dh Hkkouk vki dj ldrs gSaA vkSj mUgsa uhps oqGN djuk ugha pkgrsA
viuh bPNkuqlkj vkjk/; dks lefiZr dj ldrs gSaA eu rks dgha yxrk ugha nks feuV vkSj vkidks ti ekufld gh djuk gSA
ekufld iwtk dh oqGN fo'ks"krk,° gSaA blesa vkjk/; osG ltho :i 'kjhj rFkk 'kjhj osG uke esa vFkkZr~ O;f‰Ro esa n`<+ vklf‰ gS] rfud&lh
dk /;ku fd;k tkrk gSA os pyrs gSa] g°lrs gSa vkSj gekjh lsok Lohdkj ÁfrowGyrk tjk&lh voekuuk {kqC/k dj nsrh gS vkSj vki v}SrrŸo osG
djrs gSaA muosG us=ksa osG iyd mBrs&fxjrs nh[krs gSaA 'ok°l ls muosG mnj Kku ls Hkyk uhps dh ckr dj oSGls ldrs gSaA
dk fgyuk nh[krk gSa vkjEHk esa lk/kd dks bl Ádkj vkjk/; osG :i dk ;s lc vlEHko Á;kl gSaA bu Á;klksa esa thou chr jgk gS vkSj vkidks
gh eu esa n'kZu&fpUru gksrk gSA ekufld lq[k] 'kkafr] fuf'pUrrk] fuHkZ;rk tks lk/ku ek= dk y{; gS]
ekufld&fpUru ,oa lsok esa rYyhurk c<+us ij vkjk/; osG Jh v¬ ugha feyrh rks D;k vk'p;ZA vius vf/kdkj osG vuqlkj tks pyuk ugha
esa] osG'kksa esa yxs b= dh fey&tqyh xU/k vkus yxrh gSA pkgrk og vlQy rks gksxk ghA
vkjk/; osG uwiqj] oaGd.k] dj/kuh dh /ofu vkrh gSµtc os pyrs ;k
fgyrs gSa muosG cksyus ij mudh ok.kh lqu iM+rh gSA mikluk esa HkxoRÁsj.kk
Hkyh Ádkj ifjiDo fpUru gksus ij vkjk/; osG Li'kZ dk vuqHko flrsjks lŸkk osG fcuk] iŸkk rd ugha fgy losGAfi
gksrk gSA mudks Luku djus esa] mudk v¬ iksaNus esa] mudks pUnu] rsy ;g fo'o ftl fouksnh dk ÿhM+k&Ákax.k gS] ml yhykuk;d lw=/kkj
vkfn yxkus esa muosG fnO;Li'kZ dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA dh bPNk ds fcuk dksbZ oqGN Hkh ugha dj ldrkA lc mlh papy osG
blls vf/kd /;ku dh izxk<+rk gks tk; rks vkjk/; dh bPNk] mudk laoGs rksa ij py jgs gSaA tkudj ;k vutku esa vf[ky fo'o mlh dh
laosGr] mudh #fp ÁxV gksus yxrh gSA tSls vkius uSos| osG fy, vkKkvksa dk vuqorZu djrk gSA lc mlosG fouksnik= gSa] muesa viuh dksbZ
ek[ku&feJh ;k gyok mifLFkr fd;kA vc Jhj?kqukFk dk /;ku vki vPNkbZ&cqjkbZ gS] rks ;gh fd os ml vKkr Ásjd dks Hkwydj mlosG laoGs r
djrs gSa rks os dg ldrs gSaµ^vkt osGoy Qy eq>s tyiku esa ysuk gSA* ij pyus osG fy, foo'k gksrs gq, Hkh ml xfr dks viuh eku ysrs gSaA
dgha vkiosG /;ku esa dUgkbZ gS rks og ek[ku mBkdj vkiosG eq[k esa viuRo tho dk iqjkuk jksx gSA og bl vgadkj osG QUns esa vukfndky
Hkj nsa ldrk gS vkSj dgsxkµ^bls rw [kkA esjs fy, ehBs vke ys vkA* ls iM+k gSA euq"; ;ksfu esa vkdj mls ,d volj feyrk gS] bl th.kZjksx ls
ekufld&iwtu dks ,d fof/k esa er ck°f/k;sA dHkh vki Luku djkosxa ]s NqVdkjk ikus osG fy,A ;fn mlus bl volj dk lnqi;ksx fd;k rks
dHkh os Luku fd;s eu esa vkosaxAs mudh lsok dk] mudh #fp dk /;ku =;rki ls eq‰ gks tkrk gS] ugha rks mls ;qx&;qxkUrj rd tykrs jgus osG
gks] ;gh eq[; ckr gSA fy, pkSjklh y{k HkfÍ;k° rks cuh cuk;h gSa ghA
vc u thou esa "kV~lEifŸk vk;h vkSj u lk/kuprq"V;A ;g dksbZ vgadkj ls NqÍh ikus osG nks gh ekxZ gS]a ;k rks vius dks fdlh esa feVk nks
32 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 33

;k lcdks vius esa yhu dj yksA tks oqGN gS] og ÁsekLin dkA u eSa vkSj u eSa mls mlh :i ls ÁkIr gksrk gwA° ;g rks fuf'pr gS fd mikluk gksrh mlh dh
esjk] tks oqGN gS] lc rsjkA rw ,dek= rw gh gSA vFkok osGoy eSa gwA° ;g lEiw.kZ gSA fdlh dh Hkh mikluk gks] og mlh dh mikluk gSA mlosG vfrfjDr dksbZ
n`'; eq>ls fudyk gS] esjk Lo:i gSA esjs vfrfj‰ dgha oqGN Hkh ughaA bu nks gS gh ughaA lc :iksa esa ogh gSA fdUrq og dgrk gS] fdl bl Ádkj osG
ekxks± osG vfrfj‰ rhljk dksbZ ekxZ ughaA Roa esa vga dk y; djuk lxq.k ekxZ mikld fl;tUR;fof/kiwod Z e~fi vfof/kiwodZ mldh mikluk djrs gSAa Qyr%
gS vkSj vga esa Roa dk y; djuk fuxq.Z kA nksuksa gh mikluk gS]a D;ksfa d nksuksa flHkwrkU;kfUr HkwrTs ;kfi LFkwy Hkwrksa dh mikluk djus okys mUgha dks ÁkIr gksrs
Hkkouk Á/kku gSAa eSa vkSj esjk dk vgadkj Hkh Hkkouk gSA bl n`<+ Hkkouk dks gSAa ;g fu;e gS fd tks ftldh mikluk djsxk] ogh mls cuuk iM+xs kA
^d.VdsuoS d.Vda* osG U;k; ls vga osG vHkko dh Hkkouk }kjk nwj fd;k fdlh dh Hkh mikluk djks rqEgsa LorU=rk gSA blosG vfrfjDr og ml
tkrk gSA bl n`f"V ls lk/ku ek= mikluk dh Js.kh esa vk tkrs gSAa mikluk esa lgk;rk Hkh nsrk gSA mldh lgk;rk osG fcuk dksbZ mikluk py
ÁFke dg pqoGs gSa] fd fo'o dk ,d Ák.kh Hkh fo'ofu;Urk dh bPNk ugha ldrhA mikluk ek= esa mldh Ásj.kk ÁkIr gksrh gSA
osG fcuk oqGN ugha dj ldrkA mldh bPNk gks rHkh dksbZ mijks‰ mikluk fl;ks ;ks ;ka ;ka ruqa Hk‰% Jº;kfpZrqfePNfrA
djosG bl vkokxeu ls NwV ldrk gSA og gS len'khZA fdlh dks NqVdkjk rL; rL;kpyka Jºka rkeso fon/kkE;ge~˚fi
nsuk vkSj fdlh dks cU/ku esa j[kuk og D;ksa pkgsxk\ vr% blosG fy, tks tks HkDr ftu&ftu :iksa dh JºkiwoZd mikluk djuk pkgrs gSa]
mlus ,d fu;e cuk fy;k gSA lHkh thoksa dks ,d ckj pkSjklh y{k mu mudh mUgha&mUgha :iksa esa vpy Jºk dj nsrk gw°A ;g gS] ml uV[kV
;ksfu;ksa esa HkVdus ij eq‰ gksus dk volj ns fn;k tkrk gSA euq";&;ksfu dk opuA ekuo&thou esa Jºk dk ifjikd djus esa og lgk;rk nsrk gS_
nsus dk vFkZ gh gS] fd mlus tho dks eq‰ gksus dk volj fn;kA mldh ijUrq Jºk dh fn'kk dk fu'p; euq"; dks Lo;a djuk iM+rk gSA mlus rks
bPNk rks gS] fd ekuo deZ esa LorU=rk dk vf/kdkj ÁkIr djosG mldk ^lc /kku ckbZl ilsjh* dk fglkc dj j[kk gSA pkgs iruksUeq[kh Jºk dj
lnqi;ksx djsaA vc dksbZ u djs rks mldk D;k fcxM+rk gS] fd og mldk yks pkgs eks{kksUeq[khA mls rks ml Jºk dks rqEgkjs pqus gq, ekxZ esa vpy
gkFk idM+us vkosA mlus rks volj ns fn;k] vc og mlls pkgs vius dj nsuk gSa vr% Jºk dh fn'kk dk pquko cM+h lko/kkuh ls djuk pkfg;sA
cU/kuksa dks vkSj tdM+ ys ;k mUgsa [kksydj LorU= gks tk;A flyHkrs p rr% dkekUe;So fofgrkfUg rku~Afi
euq";&;ksfu mikluk dh gh ;ksfu gSA bldk fuekZ.k mikluk djus osG Jºk vpy djosG vki fQj mlosG Qy dk fo/kku Hkh djus yxrs
fy, gSA ifj.kker% ekuo mikluk djus osG fy, ck/; gSA ;g nwljh ckr gSaA pkgs ftldh mikluk djks] gksxh mUgha dh miklukA ml mikluk dh
gS] fd og mikL; fdlh cukrk gSA dksbZ 'kjhj dk mikld gS] dksbZ /ku 'kf‰ vkSj Ásj.kk Hkh ogh nsaxs vkSj mlosG Qy Ánkrk Hkh ogh gSaA bruk gksrs
dk] dksbZ L=h dk] dksbZ iq= dk] dksbZ fe=kfn ifjtuksa dk] dksbZ vius gq, Hkh Hkko&Hksn ls Qy&Hksn gks tkrk gSA dksbZ rks Hkwr] tM+ ;k i'kq vkfn
fdlh O;lu dk] dksbZ tkfr dk] dksbZ lEÁnk; dk] dksbZ ns'k dk] dksbZ ;ksfu;ksa dks ikrk gS vkSj dksbZ fl;kfUr en~;kftuks∑fi eke~fi ds vuqlkj
/keZ dk] dksbZ bZ'oj dk vkSj dksbZ vkSj fdlh dkA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g lk{kkr~ mUgsa ÁkIr dj ysrk gSA
fd lc fdlh&u&fdlh dh mikluk esa yxs gq, gSaA flHkkoo'; Hkxoku~fi ÁHkq rks Hkkok/khu gSaA ;g fo'o Hkh Hkkouk dk
fl;s ;Fkk eka Ái|Urs rkaLrFkSo HktkE;ge~Afi Áfr:i gSA ;gk° Hkkouk gh ÁfrQfyr gksrh gSA vr,o Hkko dh 'kqfº
mldh rks ÁfrKk gS] fd tks esjh ftl :i ;k Hkko ls mikluk djrk gS] ijeko';d gSA Hkko dks 'kqº djosG mikluk dk y{; mPpre cukuk
34 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 35

pkfg,A mldh iw.kZrk dk Hkkj ge ij mruk ugha] ftruk ml ijeksikL; ckSfºd :i ls le>rk gw° fd ;g txr jkeyhyk gSA ,slh jkeyhyk
ij gSA mlosG fy, 'kf‰ rks og Lo;a nsxkA mikluk esa vpy Jºk dj nsus ftls Jhjke gh lapkfyr dj jgs gSa] vr% xhrk Bhd dgrh gSµ^lk/kq"kq p
dh mlus ÁfrKk dh gSA gesa ;fn oqGN djuk gS rks bruk gh fd mldh ikis"kq lecqfºfoZ f'k";rsA*
e¬ye; Ásj.kk ij fo'okl djosG fu'p; djuk gSµ ysfdu ckr cqfº ls vkxs xys ugha mrjrh thou esa ugha vk jghµvkiosG
flprqjkbZ psruk lHkh pwYgs esa tkosA xys mrjrh gS\
cl esjk eu ,d bZ'k&pj.kJ; ikos˚fi vkidh egRoµcqfº dgk° gS\
len`f"V ,d efgyk us iwNkµ^o`{k ij jgus okys egkRek dgk° gS\* eSua s mUgsa ikl
cSBk i{kh fn[kyk fn;k rks os gh ugha] lehi [kM+s ,d lTtu Hkh vÁlUu
^lk/kq"ofi p ikis"kq lecqfºfoZf'k";rsA* µxhrk 6@9 gq,A dksbZ egkRek vkl&ikl o`{k ij jgrs gS]a ;g eSa ugha tkurk FkkA
vk;q esa cgqr NksVk Fkk] ;gh dksbZ ukS o"kZ dkA eq>s v{kj Kku ls ifgys veqd egkRek fnxEcj jgrs gSaA veqd egkRek osGoy VkV igurs&
gh firkth us nqxkZ&dop vkSj guqeku&pkyhlk jVk fn;k FkkA v{kj Kku vks<r+ s gSaA veqd osGoy nw/k ihdj jgrs gSaA veqd Qykgkjh gSA* bl
gksus ij Áfrfnu Jhjkepfjrkeul osG lqUnjdk.M dk ikB djus yxkA Ádkj ppkZ yksx cM+h Jºk ls djrs gSaA
firkth fu"Bkoku JhnqxkZ&Hk‰ FksA 6 o"kZ dh vk;q ls eq>s vius [kM+'s ojh (o"kks± rd [kM+s gh jgus okys)] mG/oZckgq (,d gkFk lnk
lehi i`Fkd [kVksys ij lqykrs FksA Ákr% pkj cts mBrs rks eq>s Hkh mBk mBk;s j[kus okys) lfnZ;ksa esa Hkh xaxksŸkjh ;k vU; fgeÁns'k esa fcuk /kwuh osG
nsrAs 'khrdky esa Hkh oqG,° osG ty ls vius lkFk eq>s Hkh ugyk nsrAs mudks eSa fnxEcj jgus okys egkRek Hkh eSua s ns[ksa gSAa eSua s o"kks± iwoZ ,d lk/kq osG n'kZu
Luku djosG nqxkZ&dop lquk nsrk FkkA rc os viuh iwtk esa cSB tkrs Fks vkSj fd;s] os ,d ljksoj osG fdukjs iRFkj dh ,d ifV;k ij osGoy yaxksVh yxk;s
eSa fQj lks tkrk FkkA firkth dks rks iwtk ls nl&X;kjg cts mBuk FkkA ek° esjs iwjs ckjg o"kZ iM+s jgsA bu ckjg o"kks± esa lnhZ] xehZ] o"kkZ esa os ml [kqys iRFkj
'kh?kz mB tkus osG i{k esa ugha Fkh_ D;ksfa d mBus ij eq>s Hkw[k yxrh Fkh vkSj ij rks jgs gh] ekSu jgs vkSj og Hkh dk"BekSu vkSj osGoy nw/k ihdj jgsA
'kke dh jksVh dks Hkh eSa ^lM+h* dg nsrk FkkA vr% ek° ?kj osG dke fucVkdj ;s egkRek yksxksa dh Jºk cykr~ vkdf"kZr dj ysrs gSaA HkhM+ buosG
Luku dj ys] mlosG ckn eSa mBw]° ;gh mls Bhd yxrk FkkA vkl&ikl ,d= gksus yxrh gSA ;s 'kh?kz yksdJºk&Hkktu gks tkrs gSaA ;s
eSaus ,d fnu firkth ls iwNkµ^;s nsoh Hkxorh brus gfFk;kj fy, yksd&Jºs; ugha gSµ,slk eSa ugha dg jgk gw°A yksx ihfM+r gS] nq%[kh gSaA
jgrh gSa] pksjksa dks ekj D;ksa ugha nsrhA* jksx] vHkko] ihM+k mUgsa ?ksjs gSaA ,sls yksxksa dks vk'oklu pkfg,A fdlh dks
firkth us Mk°V fn;kµ^Hkxorh rq>ls iwNdj dke djsaxh\* jksx ls NwVuk gS] fdlh dks nfjÊrk ls] fdlh dks eqdnek thruk gS] fdlh
firkth ls Mj yxrk Fkk] eSa pqi gks x;k_ fdUrq esjk Á'u pqi ugha dks pquko] fdlh dks iq= pkfg,] vk'khokZn pkfg,] fdlh dks /ku ;k
gqvkA eSaus cM+s gksus ij Hkh dbZ fo}kuksa ,oa egkRekvksa ls iwNkA inA ,sls vkrZ ;k vFkkZFkhZ yksxksa dks vk'khokZn pkfg,A bl Ádkj dk
osGoy ,d lar us le>k;kµ^;fn dksbZ jko.k u cus rks jkeyhyk gksxh\* vk'khokZn nsus dh 'kf‰ flº ;k riLoh esa gh lEHko gSA vr% tgk°
lpeqp rc jkeyhyk oSGls gksxh\ fQj tks jko.k cusxk mls jketh dks lEHkkouk gS] ogk° yksx tkrs gSa rks Bhd djrs gSaA Bxh Hkh lR; dh vkM+ esas
cqjk&Hkyk rks dguk gh iM+xs k blesa mldk nks"k ;k vijk/k\ gh pyrh gSA
36 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 37

ckr lalkjh dh ughaµlk/kd dh dguh gS ;gk°A lk/kd tc ,sls mŸkj vk;kµ^pksVh] tusmG] ekyk rks eSa j[k ugha ldrkA buosG j[kus
rifLo;ksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr gksrk gS] D;k vk'kk djrk gS\ vk'khokZn esa yTtk vkrh gSA dksbZ vkSj mik; crykb;sA*
nsdj fdlh dk eu u o'k esa djk;k tk ldrk gS vkSj u Hkxoku~ esa yxk;k os czk„.k gSAa vkt vesfjdk esa lgÚksa ;qod vesfjdu ?kqVs flj ij pksVh
tk ldrk gSA ,slk oqGN dksbZ djs Hkh rks og vR;Yidkfyd gksxkA u'ks ls j[ks] fryd yxk;s] d.Bh ck°/ks okf'kaxVu dh lM+dksa ij xys esa e`n¬
eu dks ewfPNZr djus osG leku O;FkZ gksxkA ([kksy) yVdk;s ^gjs œ".k gjs jke* dk dhrZu djrs djrs ukps tqyl w
tc vki fdlh dks egŸo nsrs gSaµfdlh dks cgqr cM+k ekurs gSa rks fudkyrs gSa vkSj Hkkjr esa czk„.k iq= dks pksVh] tusmG] ekyk j[kus esa yTtk
vutkus esa gh nks ckras gksrh gSaµ1- vkiosG vUreZu esa ,d ghuRo dk Hkko vkrh gSA lks Hkh vkfLrd] HkxoÌ'kZu dh dkeuk j[kus okys czk„.k dksA
vkrk gS fd ge ,sls ugha gq,] 2- oSlk gksus dh bPNk gksrh gSA vc tks dfYir yTtk rd ugha NksM+ ldrk] og nsg dk] ifjokj dk
lk/kd osG fy, Kkuh vkSj Hk‰ dk rks egŸo gSA mls ,slk cuuk gSA eksgµlEeku dh r`".kk NksM+ nsxk vkSj vUreqZ[k gks tk;xk] ;g ckr D;k
;g mldk ÁkI; gSA ysfdu R;kxh] riLoh osG ck· R;kx] ck· ri dks mlosG fdruk Hkh tksj nsdj dgus ls ekuus ;ksX; gS\
ns[kdj ;fn vki mls egŸo nsrs gSa rks vkids vUr%dj.k dks ,d HkzkUr vr% vki nsf[k;s fd vki tks egku y{; ysdj pys gSa] mlosG
Ásj.kk feyrh gSA ,d xyr fn'kk esa vki vius dks ÁksRlkfgr djrs gSaA vuqowGy jgu&lgu] vkpkj&vkgkj vkidk gS ;k ugha vkSj vki mlesa
ri osGµR;kx osG ekxZ ls vkidks tkuk gS rks cgqr mŸke ckrA rc vko';d ifjorZu osG fy, [kwc cM+h lhek rd d"V lgusµyksxksa dk
R;kxh&riLoh vkiosG vkn'kZ gSa] iwT; gSA vkidks Kku osG ;k Hkf‰ osG migkl lgus dks Hkh ÁLrqr gSa ;k ugha\
ekxZ ls tkuk gS rks R;kxh] riLoh vkiosG fy, egku~ ugha gSA /;ku nsus ,d efgyk vk;ha esjs lehiA yxHkx o`ºk FkhaA xys esa [kknh dk eksVk
;ksX; ugha gSaA vkiosG fy, Kkuh ;k HkDr egku~ gSA egŸo mls nhft;s] ;Kksiohr Li"V nh[k ldrk FkkA mudk Á'u Fkkµ^xk;=h ti&osG lkFk
ftlosG ekxZ ls vki c<+uk pkgrs gSaA vki tSlk cuuk pkgrs gSa] tks oSlk fujkdkj dk /;ku oSGls fd;k tk;\*
gSµ;g vkiosG fy, egku gSA eq>s dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha gqbZ ;g le>us esa fd os vk;Z lekt dh lnL;k
gSaA eSaus muls dgkµ^Lokeh n;kuUn th us ;ksx dks gh lk/ku ekuk gSA ;ksx
;s NksVh ckrsa dk lk/ku tks /;ku gS] og Á.ko osG vFkZ&fpUru dh /kkj.kk dk ifjiDo
,d lTtu dk i= vk;k mlesa R;kx&oSjkX; dh m°Gph ckrsa FkhA :i gSA ;ksx dk y{; /;ku ugha gSµfpŸkfujks/k gSA*
Hkxon~&n'kZu dh cgqr O;koqGyrk crkbZ x;h FkhA lkFk gh fy[kk Fkkµ^eSa vki rks /;ku cryk nhft,A mudk vkxzg FkkA
pksVh ugha j[krkA tusmG ugha igurkA lU/;k ugha djrkA* eSaus dgkµ^fujkdkj dk /;ku laHko ugha gSA vr% o`fŸk fujks/k dks gh
eq>ls lk/ku iwNk FkkA fy[kk Fkkµ^dfBu ls dfBu tks Hkh lk/ku ogk° /;ku dgk tkrk gSA*
dgsa] d:°xkA* ^xk;=h ti\* mUgksaus fQj iwNkA
eSaus fy[kkµ^pksVh j[k yhft;sA fdlh mŸke deZ&dk.M osG Kkrk ^eSaus vkidks ;g ti cryk;k ughaA eSa ;g ti NksMu+ s dks dgus
czk„.k dks cqykdj xksnku] Ák;f'pr djosG ;Kksiohr laLdkj djk yhft,A vkiosG ikl x;k ughaA vki eq>ls iwNrh gSa rks bl fo"k; esa ekxZ&n'kZu
fu;fer lU/;k dhft;s vkSj ekyk ysdj ti dhft;sA* ugha ns ldrk_ D;ksafd xk;=h ti dk vf/kdkj L=h dks ugha gS] eSa bl
38 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 39

ekU;rk dks j[kus okyk gw°A* vusd yksx ikB dh iqLrd] ekyk&>ksyh tgk°&rgk° Hkwy tkrs gSaA ;g
mudk lek/kku ugha gqvkA mUgksua s roZG ugha fd;k_ foaGrq nq%[kh eu ls x;haA D;k gS\ Áekn gS ;g vkSjµ
ckr D;k gqbZ\ ckr ;g gqbZ fd os xyr LFkku ij iwNus vk;ha FkhA ^Áekna oS e`R;qegaczohfeA*
mudh ekU;rk Bhd gS ;k ugha] ;g fHkÈk ckr gS_ foaGrq ;g eq[; ckr gS fd ^Áekn e`R;q gSA ftudh Le`fr bruh nqcZy gS fd os viuk #i;k]
vkidks ekxZ&n'kZu ysu]s le>us ogk° ugha tkuk pkfg,] tgk° vki tkurs gSa euhcSx] Vksih vkfn Hkh LFkku&LFkku ij Hkwyrs jgrs gSa] os rks jksxh gSaA mudh
fd vkidh fu"Bk] vkiosG lk/ku dk leFkZu vkidks ugha feyus okyk gSA fLFkfr ij n;k dh tkuh pkfg,_ foaGrq tks #i;k ugha Hkwyrs] tks Vksih&Nkrk
;k rks ekxZ&n'kZu ysus tkuk pkfg, mls tks d] [k ls ÁkjEHk djus dks ugha Hkwyrs] os iqLrd&ekyk D;ksa Hkwyrs gSa\ bldk vFkZ gS fd ekyk ;k
ÁLrqr gksA vFkok mls tkuk pkfg, tks tkurk gks fd ;gk° esjs lk/ku] esjh iqLrd dk egŸo muosG eu esa euhcSx osG cjkcj Hkh ugha gSA
fu"Bk dk leFkZu] ÁksRlkgu ÁkIr gksxkA ,sls yksx ekyk ;k Vksih Hkwyus ij nks le; dk Hkkstu] nw/k] Qy] pk;
,d lk/kd ;k=k esa FksA V™us ls mrjs rks viuh isVh] fcLrjk lc lEgky lc NksM+ nsa rks eu esa Lo;a ekyk ,oa xzUFk dk egŸo cu tk;xkA
dj ys vk;sA Nkrk Hkh lkFk vk;k FkkA ysfdu iwtk dk >ksyk V™us esa Hkwy ^;g dfBu gS* vki ;g lksprs gSa rc Hkwy djrs gSaA ;g miokl
vk;s FksA pkj&N% fnu dks jksxh Hkh dj ns rks gkfu D;k gS\ 'kjhj dh vis{kk eu esa
eq>ls mUgksaus iwNkµ^Hkxoku~ dk Jhfoxzg rks >ksys esa jg x;k] vc ekyk rFkk xzUFk dk egŸo vf/kd cusxk vkSj ;g egku ykHk gksxk vkidksA
D;k djuk pkfg,A*
eSaus dBksjrk ls dg fn;kµ^vÈk] ty NksMd + j 'kjhj R;kx fd;k yksd lsok
tkuk pkfg,A* ,d egkiq#"k dHkh&dHkh dgrs Fksµ
^bruk fu"Bqj mŸkj nsrs gSa vki\* os #"V gq,A ^cki js cki!
vc muls D;k dgrkA 'kjhj bruk fÁ; D;ksa gS fd 'kjhj dks lq[k& ijksidkj egkikiA
lqfo/kk nsus okyh ÁR;sd oLrq rks Lej.k jgh] lEgky dj mrkj yh x;h_ mudh yxHkx lgÚ i`"B dh thouh Nih_ fdUrq mlesa bldh ppkZ
foaGrq iwtk dh Le`fr gh ugha vk;hA ,sls O;f‰ dks iwtk djus dkµHkxoku~ ugha gSA D;ksa\ blfy, fd blesa vUrfuZfgr egku rF; dks thouh&ys[kd
ds Jhfoxzg dks j[kus dk vf/kdkj gS D;k\ dgha mlosG ‚n; dks iwtk us le> gh ugha ldkA
Li'kZ fd;k gS\ ,d fe= us eq>ls iwNkµ^yksdksidkjµyksd&lsok osG fo"k; esa vkidh
;fn og lpeq[k 'kjhj NksMr+ k rks fdlosG fy, NksMxs+ k\ D;k fpUru D;k jk; gSA*
djuk NksMxs+ k\ eSaus dgkµ^yksd ij n;k dhft;sA ,slk dksbZ vijk/k yksxksa us] lekt
Hkxoku~ osG Jhfoxzg dh ÁkfIr osG fy, tks 'kjhj NksMxs+ kµfdlh egku~ us ugha fd;k gS fd vki mldk vidkj djus osG fy, dej dlsaA*
nqHkkZX; ls og Jhfoxzg mls ejus ls iwoZ u fey tk; (yxHkXk lkS Áfr'kr ckr mudh le> esa vk;h ;k ughaµos tkusa fdUrq rF; /;ku nsus
laHkkouk fey gh tkus dh gS) rks D;k HkxoYyksd tkus ls mls jksdus okyk ;ksX; gSaµ
dksbZ gS\ 1&yksd&lsok ;k yksdksidkjh ckr vgadkj&ewyd gSA blesa ;g
40 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 41

vUrfuZfgr gS fd eSa leFkZ gw°] Js"B gw°A esjs ikl 'kf‰] lk/ku] lEifŸk ;k lpeqp yksd&lsokµ
cqfº vf/kd gS vkSj yksx nfjÊ gSa] nq%[kh gSa] ew[kZ gSaA eSa mudh lsok d:°xk] budk Bhd lw= fn;k Fkk egkRek xka/kh usA mudk fn;k lw=µ'kCn rks
mUgsa lq[k igq°pkm°Gxk] mUgsa lUekxZ fn[kykm°GxkA cgqr Ápfyr gqvk_ fdUrq mlosG vFkZ ij rfud Hkh /;ku ugha fn;k x;kA
tks Hkh ;g vga ysdj lsok djus pysxk] mldk vgadkj c<+rk tk;xkA mudk fn;k 'kCn gSµturk&tuknZuA
tc mldh ckr ugha lquh tk;xh] mlosG Áfr mfpr œrKrk (ftls og turk tuknZu gS vkSj tuknZu lsO; gS] fdUrq Hkwfy;s er&fd tuknZu
Hkh mfpr le> ys) yksx ugha ÁxV djsaxs rks mlesa jks"k] {kksHk] fujk'kkfn n;kuh;] nq%[kh] vHkkoxzLr vleFkZ dHkh ugha gksrAs vki leFkZ] cqfºeku~
mRiÈk gksaxAs cudj mu ij n;k ugha dj ldrsA
2&tks Lo;a viw.kZ gS] ftlosG vkpkj&fopkj ;k vkgkj esa dksbZ Hkh tuknZu loZK] loZleFkZ] Jhifr gSaA mudks u vHkko Nwr]s u jksx] u
nqcZyrk 'ks"k gS] og yksd&lsok osG {ks= esa tk;xk rks lsok fdruh dj nq%[kA ysfdu os yhyke; gSa mUgksaus yhyk ls jksxh] nq%[kh] vHkkoxzLr]
ikosxk] ;g rks i`Fkd ckr gS_ fdUrq mlosG nks"k&nqcZyrk&O;lu vo'; vKkuh dk :i cuk fy;k gSA turk osG bu ukuk :iksa esa ogh yhyke; gSaA
lekt esa O;kid gks tk;°xAs ,slh yhyk mUgksaus vki ij n;k djosG dh gSA blfy, dh gS fd
;g ,slk gh gS tSls gkFk esa dhpM+ yxkdj dksbZ eqgYys Hkj osG diM+s vkiosG ikl tks /ku] 'kf‰] lk/ku] cqfº gS] og bu :iksa esa mu losZ'k dh
/kksus dks ys vkosA diM+s LoPN rks gksus ls jgs] mlosG gkFk dk dhpM+ lsok esa vfiZr gksdj lkFkZd cusA
vo'; mu ij iSGy tk;xkA vr% tc vki lsok djrs gSaµvki lsod gksrs gSaA ijksidkj djrs gSa
lekt esa O;f‰ dk tSl&s tSls Ápkj c<+rk gS oSl&s oSls mlosG vkpkj& rks ftldk ijksidkj djrs gSa] og n;uh; ugha gksrk og Js"B gksrk gSA og
fopkj vkfn dh nqcZyrkvksa dks yksx vuqdj.kh; eku dj xzg.k djus lsO; gSA mldh œik gS fd mlus vkidh lsok Lohdkj dhA
yxrs gSaA ^turk&tuknZu* 'kCn dk ;g lw= vkius le>k gks rks vki
3&lcosG vius&vius ÁkjC/k gSaA l`f"V dk dŸkkZ] lapkyd ,d lsok&ijksidkj djus osG vf/kdkjh gSa vkSj vki yksdlsok dj ldrs gSaA
bZ'oj gS vkSj og loZK] loZ'kf‰eku rFkk n;kyq gSA bu nksuksa rF;ksa dh caxky dh ,d laLFkk e/;dky esa ÁkUr osG Áflº fo}kuksa dks iqjLœr
vksj ls vk°[k ew°ns fcuk yksd&lsok dh ckr ugha dh tk ldrhA djrh FkhA ,d o"kZ mldk fooj.k ÁLrqr gqvk okf"kZdksRld esa lquus ds fy,
ftudk O;olk; gh yksd&lsok] lekt&lsok gSaA muls rks oqGN dguk rks eU=h us fy[kk Fkkµ^fuEu fo}kuksa dks bl o"kZ iqjLœr fd;k x;kA*
ugha gS_ D;ksafd tSls lc O;olk; vius ykHk osG fy, fd;s tkrs gSa] oSls gh v/;{k us fooj.k eU=h dks ykSVkrs gq, dgkµ^bls cnyksA fy[kks fd]
;g lc Hkh ,d O;olk; gS bl ;qx dk vkSj blesa cgqr prqj O;olk;h fuEu fo}kuksa us laLFkk dh vkfFkZd lsok Lohdkj djosG gesa xkSjokfUor fd;kA*
yxrs gSaA os /ku&;'k&in vkfn lc ykHk gh ykHk mBkuk pkgrs gSaA ;g lsok dk ewy&lw= gSA vki ,slk djrs gSa rks vkidks ;kstuk ugha
ckr gS lk/kd dhA mls le>uk pkfg, fd Lo;a iw.kZ gq, fcuk tks cukuh iMsx+ hA vkidks lsok dk {ks= ugha <w°<u+ k iM+xs kA
yksd&lsokµyksdksidkj esa yxsxk] og viuk vkSj yksxksa dk vidkj djus tuknZu dk ,d LoHkko gSµos Áse osG Hkw[ks jgrs gSaA vki esa mudh
ls vius dks fdlh Ádkj cpk ugha ldrkA vgadkj lnk loZ= vuFkZdkjh lsok djus dh yyd gS rks os Lo;a ukuk lsO; :i cukdj vkiosG lkeus
gSA mls ysdj tkus ij yksxksa dk midkj ughaµvidkj gh gksxkA vkrs jgsaxAs
42 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 43

lPph lsok osGoy Hkxoku~ dh gh gks ldrh gSA Hkwfy;s er fd tuknZu esa u jksx gS] u jksxh_ mlosG yhyke; ÁHkq jksxh cudj mldh lsok ysus vk;s
ekudj tc turk dh lsok dh tk;xh rHkh lPph lsok] lpeqp yksd dk gSa] vr% og lsok dj jgk gSA lsok esa og lUrq"V gSA jksx osG feVus&u&
midkj gksxkA feVus dh mls u fpUrk gS] u O;koqGyrkA
yksd dks nq%[kh] nfjÊ] vHkkoxzLr] mRihfM+r] ew[kZ ekudj tks rc yksd&dY;k.k djsxk dkSu\
yksdlsokµyksdksºkj djus pysxk og yksdkidkj gh djsxk vkSj vc bls nwljs <ax ls lkspuk mfpr gksxk fd yksd&dY;k.k iq#"kkFkZ gS ;k
rd ,sls yksdksidkjdksa ls yksdkidkj gh gqvk gSA ugha_ vkSj gS rks fdldk ;g iq#"kkFkZ gS vFkok fdl iq#"kkFkZ dk vax gSA
vFkZ iq#"kkFkhZ tc yksd&dY;k.k djrk nh[k iM+rk gS] rc og oLrqr%
/ku&en] vfHkeku] frjLdkj vkSj ÁrkM+uk osG lkFk fn;k O;kikj dj jgk gksrk gSA og vius nku&lsok vkfn ls ewY; pkgrk gSA
gqvk nku ugha gksrkA ^Jº;k ns;e~* Jºk osG lkFk fn;k gqvk mldk nku] mldh lsok mlosG O;kikj dk foKkiu gS vFkok mlus fglkc
nku nku dgykrk gSA yxk fy;k gS fd veqd dks bruk pUnk nsdj og muls fdl Ádkj fdruk
ykHk mBkosxkA ,sls yksxksa dh lekt esa Hkjekj gSA vki bls tkurs gSaA
Hkksx iq#"kkFkhZ dgha ijfgr esa yxrk gS rks mldk vfHkÁk; cgqr oqGfVy
yksd&dY;k.k dkSu djsxk\ gksrk gSA og yksxksa dks vius midkj ls miœr djosG vius Hkksx dk ;k rks
yksd&dY;k.k ikej djsxk ughaA mls rks iki djus esaµyksxksa dks lk/ku mUgsa cukuk pkgrk gS ;k muosG }kjk vius fdlh fojks/kh dk vfu"V
lrkus] ihM+k nsu]s viekfur djus esa lq[k feyrk gSA djuk pkgrk gSA ,sls ijksidkfj;ksa dh Hkh lekt esa deh ugha gSA
fo"k;h ls yksd&dY;k.k dh vk'kk ugha gSA D;ksafd mldks viuh vFkZ iq#"kkFkhZ vkSj dke iq#"kkFkhZ oLrqr% LokFkhZ gksrs gSa vkSj muls
bfUÊ;&r`fIr pkfg,A vo'; gh bfUÊ;&r`fIr mls /keZiwoZd ÁkIr fo"k;ksa ls yksd&dY;k.k gks ugha ldrkA os yksdksidkjd dgykuk pkgrs gSa vkSj
pkfg,A yksdfgr osG cgkus viuk LokFkZ flº djrs gSaA
lk/kd dks viuk dY;k.k djuk gSA og ;fn yksd&dY;k.k esa yxk eks{k iq#"kkFkhZ esa flº iq#"k osG }kjk fcuk mlosG pkgs Lo;a yksdfgr
rks dj pqdk lk/kuA gksrk jgrk gSA og Lo;a dY;.k Lo:i gS] fdUrq yksd dks vius vkReLo:i
vc jgs flº lks ;fn os vkRe&Kkuh gSa rks muosG fy, lalkj LoIu osG ;k vkjk/; ls i`Fkd ekudj mlosG dY;k.k dk ladYi djosG fdlh
leku gSA LoIu iq#"kksa dk dY;k.k] vdY;k.k dksbZ vFkZ gh ugha j[krkA Áo`fŸk esa og yx ugha ldrkA ;g mlosG LoHkko osG vuqowGy ugha gSA og
;fn os Hk‰ gSa rksµ rks lw;Z] pUÊ] ok;q osG leku gS] ftlls lgt lcdk fgr gksrk gSA
lh; jkee; lc tx tkuhA eks{k osG lk/kd dk y{; vkRe&Kku vFkok Hkxon~&Hkf‰ dh ÁkfIr
Hkyk&ÁHkq dk dY;k.k dksbZ D;k djsxkA ÁHkq rks dY;.k Lo:i gh gSA gSA blosG fy, mls viuk vUr%dj.k 'kqº djuk gSA ;fn og yksd&fgr
Kkuh egkiq#"k dk O;ogkj mldh ekSt gS vkSj ekSt vfu;fU=r gksrh esa yxrk gS rks yksxksa osG xq.k&nks"k osG fpUru esa yxuk iM+xs kA vkSj ;g ckr
gSA Hk‰ dk Á;Ru HkxoRlsok osG fufeŸk gSA og jksxh dks nok nsrk ;k lk/ku osG loZFkk foijhr gSA vr% lk/kd vkRe&dY;k.k osG Á;Ru dks gh
mldh lsok djrk gS rks blfy, ugha fd jksxh vPNk gks tk;A mldh n`f"V Á/kku ekurk gSA
44 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 45

Kku] HkfDr vkSj ;ksx bu rhuksa osG lk/kdksa osG fy, yksd&O;ogkj ls ÁHkq dk Álkn
;FkklEHko mijr gksdj fofo‰ lsoh gksuk eaxydkjh ekuk x;k gSA vr%
f}rh; fo'o ;qº lekIr gks x;k FkkA iwohZ teZuh ls Hkkxdj vk;s
buosG yksd&dY;k.k esa yxus dks lk/kuP;qfr gh ekuk tk;xkA oSls lk/kd
fujk/kkj yksxksa osG iquoZkl dh O;oLFkk if'peh teZuh dk tks foHkkx
dk viuk lk/ku Lor% yksd osG fy, fgrdkjh gksrk gSA mlls lcdk
djrk Fkk] mlosG Áeq[k dk uke Fkk fefMyeSuA ,d fnu os egksn; ,d
eaxy gksrk gSA lekt dks mlls la;e] lnkpkj] lkfŸodrk dh Ásj.kk
o`ºk dh >ksiM+h ij igq°pAs >ksiM+h esa ek= nks nsonkj dh isfV;k° FkhaA muesa
feyrh gSA
,d ij iwGyksa dk ,d xeyk j[kk FkkA
eks{k iq#"kkFkZ dk ,d lk/ku gS fu"dke deZ;ksxA ;g eks{k dk lcls
ckjg O;f‰;ksa osG ifjokj esa osGoy pkj cps FksA vkB ;qº esa ekjs x;s
fuEu Js.kh dk lk/ku gSA D;ksafd deZ ;ksxLrq dkfeukaA tks lk/kd cgqr
FksA nks ;qod etnwjh djus x;s FksA yM+dh crZu ey jgh FkhA fefMyeSu
vf/kd oklukoku gSA mldh oklukvksa dks de djus osG fy, ;g ekxZ
bl nfjÊ >ksaiM+h dks ns[kdj pfdr jg x;s] tc mUgsa irk yxk fd o`ºk
gSA okluk,° nqcZy gks tkus ij og ;ksx] Kku ;k HkfDr dk vf/kdkjh gksrk
;qºiwoZ 6 lkS ,dM+ Hkwfe dh Lokfeuh FkhA
gSA ;g fu"dke&deZ djus okyk eks{k iq#"kkFkhZ lk/kd yksd&dY;k.k esa
^ekrkth] vkidks vius lq[kh thou dk Lej.k nq%[k ugha nsrk\*
yxrk gSA
ÁlUueq[k o`ºk ls fefMyeSu us iwNkA
Bhd&Bhd yksd&dY;k.k /keZ iq#"kkFkhZ gh dj ldrk gS vkSj ;g
o`ºk g°ldj cksyhµ^nq%[k rks rc gks tc ge nq%[k dks nq%[k ekusaA
mlh dk dj.kh; gS] D;ksafdµyksdks /kesZ Áfrf"Br%A
ÁHkq gekjs thou dks lEiw.kZ ifj"œr djus osG fy, nq%[k Hkstrs gSaA ;g
;g yksd /keZ esaµ/keZ ls Áfrf"Br gSaA lekt dh lq[k&'kkfUr mlosG
mudk Álkn gS rks nq%[k oSGlk\*
lR;] la;e] R;kx] lsok] lfg".kqrk] ijLij lg;ksx ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
fefMyeSu JºkiwoZd ml o`ºk osG vkxs >qd x;sA
blhfy, lPpk yksdfgr /kekZpk;Z gh dj ldrs gSaA ysfdu ,d ckr
Lej.k jf[k;s fd /kekZpk;Z os ugha gSa tks jkx&}ks"k QSykrs gSaA tks lpeqp ÁkFkZuk fo'okl osG lkFk
/kekZpk;Z gS] og ladh.kZ o`fŸk okyk gks ugha ldrkA vesfjdk osG ,d xk°o esa o"kkZ ugha gqbZ FkhA cjlkr osG fnu lw[ks fudys
ftls vFkZ dk yksHk ugha gSA tks vius ;k vius ifjokj osG fy, Hkksx tk jgs FksA [ksr lw[ks iM+s FksA fdlku ikuh osG fy, O;koqGy FksA
ugha pkgrkA eks{k dh dkeuk ftlesa txh ugha gS ;k iw.kZ gks pqdh gS ,sls xk°o osG yksxksa us o"kkZ osG fy, bZ'oj ls ÁkFkZuk djus dk fu'p; fd;kA
nksuksa gh /keZ Áseh gksa rks os yksd&dY;k.k osG vf/kdkjh gSaA yksdfgr muosG os lc yksx fxfjtk?kj esa ÁkFkZuk djus bdV~Bs gq,A
}kjk gh Bhd gksrk gSA lc yksx tc o"kkZ osG fy, ÁkFkZuk djus yxs rks ,d ukS&nl o"kZ dh
;'k dh dkeuk Hkh /keZ iq#"kkFkZ osG gh vUrxZr gSµvr% ;'k dh yM+dh mBdj Hkkxh vkSj ?kj ls Nkrk ysdj nkSMh+ &nkSMh+ vk;hA
dkeuk okyk Hkh yksddY;k.k djus esa yx ldrk gS vkSj mlls Bhd ,d us iwNkµ^rqq>s bruh /kwi yxrh gS\*
yksd&fgr gksrk gSA vFkZ ,oa Hkksx&in] vf/kdkjh dh fyIlk ls fujis{k yM+dhµ^/kwi ugha yxrhA*
osGoy ;'k pkgus okykµviuh Áflfº dh bPNk j[kus okyk yksd&eaxy iwNus okykµ^rc Nkrk D;ksa ys vk;h\*
dk mfpr drkZ gS vkSj bl /keZ iq#"kkFkZ esa nks"k ugha ekuk tkrkA yM+dhµ^iwNuk rks eq>s Fkk fd rqe yksx lc Nkrk D;ksa ugha yk;s\
46 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 47

^Nkrk D;k gksxk\* xaxkth rd ugha igq°pk FkkA


yM+dhµ^rc lc Hkhxrs&Hkhxrs tkvkxs\ eq>s rks Hkhxuk ilUn ugha gS*a vkidh ckr Bhd gks ldrh gS] fdUrq ,d vkSj rF; /;ku nsus ;ksX; gS fd
ogµ^Hkhxuk oSGlk\* nsork vius vijk/kh dks Ák;% ugha {kek djrsA vr% tks xaxk th dks ikoudkjh
yM+dhµ^ge lcus vHkh bZ'oj ls ikuh cjlus dh ÁkFkZuk dh gSA 'kf‰ ugha ekurs] mudh voekuuk djrs gS]a mUgsa xaxk ikieq‰ djsxa h\
o"kkZ rks gksus gh okyh gSA Hkkos"kq fo|rs nsoks u nsoke`fPNyk e;k%A
lpeq[k ÁkFkZuk lekIr djosG yksx fxjtk?kj ls fudys rks ns[krs&ns[krs nsork euq"; osG Hkko esa gksrs gSa mudh 'kf‰ euq"; dh Jºk&fo'okl
vkdk'k ?kVkvksa ls Hkj x;kA bruh rst o"kkZ gqbZ fd lc Hkyh Ádkj ekxZ ls ÁdV gksrh gSA
esa gh Hkhx x;sA ,d ckj eSa ,d rhFkZ esa igq°pkA ,d lar xaxk Luku djosG cSBs FksA eSa
osGoy og yM+dh Nkrs dks rkus g°lrh&g°lrh fcuk Hkhxs ?kj igq°phA dejHkj xaxk esa owGndj muosG pj.k Li'kZ djus c<+k rks mUgksaus laoGs r fd;k
mldh fo'okl osG lkFk dh xbZ ÁkFkZuk bZ'oj us Lohdkj dj yh FkhA ml fd eSa ifgys Mqcdh yxkdj rc mudk Li'kZ d:°A
fnu ml xk°o esa tks o"kkZ gqb]Z og ml vosGyh yM+dh dh ÁkFkZuk ls gh gqbZ FkhA eq>s g°lh vk x;hA lpeqp xaxk mUgsa feyh gksrh_ xaxk dh ikourk esa
mudh vkLFkk gksrh rks xaxk esa [kM+s ugha xaxk rV ij igq°ps O;f‰ osG Hkh
xaxk dh ikourk
vifo= jg tkus dh ckr muosG eu esa vkrh\
^xaxk xaxsfr ;ks czw;kr~ ;kstukuka 'krSjfi xaxk Luku dhft,µij xaxk dh ikourk esa n`<+ vkLFkk j[kdjA
eqP;rs loZikisH;ks fo".kqyksoaG l xPNfrA
tks xaxk] xaxk ;g 'kCn dgrk gS] og Hkys xaxkth ls lSdM+kas ;kstu nwj
jkek; jkeHkÊk;
gks] lc ikiksa ls NwV tkrk gS vkSj ejus ij oSoqG.B tkrk gSA jkek; jkeHkÊk; jkepUÊk; os/klsA
Hkxoku~ vkfn'kadjkpk;Z th dgrs gSaµ j?kqukFkk; ukFkk; lhrk;kir;s ue%˚
Hkxon~xhrk lœnI;/khrk] Jhjke eU=ksa esa ls ;g ,d Áeq[k eU= gS vkSj Jhjke&Hk‰ksa osG fy,
xaxkty yo df.kdk ihrkA xk;=h osG leku egRoiw.kZ rFkk ÁHkko'kkyh gSA
ftlus ,d ckj Hkh Hkxon~xhrk i<+h ;k xaxkty dh uUgha cw°n Hkh bldk vFkZ ns[k ysaµ
fi;k] ;enwr mldk D;k fcxkM+ ysaxAs jkeHkÊk;µdY;k.k Lo:i] fuf[ky eaxydkjh JhjkeA vFkkZr~ lEiw.kZ
;g ckr rks gqbZ 'kkL= vkSj egkiq#"k dh_ fdUrq xaxk fdukjs dh cz„k.Mksa osG ije&ikydA
cfLr;ksa esa vkidks jksxh] nq%[kh] nfjÊ] ihfM+r yksx feyrs gSa ;k ugha\ jkepUÊk; os/klsµos/kk vFkkZr~ cz„k] fuf[ky cz„k.Mksa osG fo/kk;d
vkSj jksx] nq%[k] nfjÊrk iki dk Qy gS ;k iq.; dk Qy\ leLr l`f"V osG mRifŸk&ewyA
vki dg ldrs gSa fd xaxk fdukjs jgus okys ;k igq°pus okys yksx jkek; j?kqukFkk;µosGoy fuxq.Z k&fujkdkj :i ls ^jeUrs ;ksfxuks ;fLeu~*
ifgys tUeksa osG iki dk Qy Hkksx jgs gSa vkSj ÁkjC/k osG iki&iq.; rks Hkksxs ftuesa ;ksxh yksx rUe; gksrs gSa] ogh lokZUr;kZeh gh ughaA
fcuk u"V ugha gksrAs mUgsa Hkksxuk gh iM+rk gSA muesa dksbZ iwoZ tUeksa esa j?kqukFkk;µj?kqo'a k&Hkw"k.k] lxq.k] lkdkj] e;kZnk&iq#"kksŸke Jhnk'kjfFkjkeA
48 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 49

lhrk;kir;sµlxq.k fujkdkj Hkh ugha] 'kf‰ lefUor JhtudufUnuh eu rFkk cqfº osG }kjk ;g nsg/kkjh osG Kku dks <ddj mls vR;Ur eksg esa
osG Lokeh JhjkeA Mky nsrk gSA
ukFkk; jkek; ue%µ,sls lxq.k lkdkj 'kf‰ lefUor] fuf[ky cz„k.M bfUÊ;k°] eu vkSj cqfº dke osG vf/k"Bku dgs tkrs gSa vFkkZr~ oLrqr%
fo/kk;d] ikyd losZ'ojs'oj gekjs vius Lokeh gSa] mu vius Lokeh vf/k"Bku gSa ughaA D;ksafd dke rks oklqnos ka'k gSA og 'kkjnsUnhoj ';ke
Jhjke dks ge ueLdkj djrs gSaA iz|qEu gSA og vius 'kqº :i esa rks Áse gSA mldh vkjk/kuk gksrh gSA
dgk tkrk gS fd eU= dk lEiw.kZ ÁHkko rc ÁdV gksrk gS] tc mldk ;g dke ^nsfguke~* nsgkfHkekuhµ'kjhjkl‰ dk dke gS tks mldh
vFkZ le>dj gekjk fpŸk ml vFkZ osG Hkko ls Hkkfor rnkdkj gksrk gSA bfUÊ;ksa esa] eu esa] cqfº esa cSBdj mls foeksfgr djrk gSA nsgklf‰ us dke
blfy, vFkZKku vko';d ekuk x;k gSA dks foœr cuk;k gS] ;g Li"V ckr ifgys Jhœ".k us dg nhA
nwljh ckr dksbZ fdruk Hkh egku gks] mlls gekjk dksbZ lEcU/k ugha rks vc tc nsgklf‰ gSµnsg esa eerk gS rksµbl eerk osG dkj.k
mlosG Áfr gekjh Áhfr] Hkf‰ ugha gks ldrhA Hkf‰ esa vius vkjk/; ls igys bfUÊ;ksa dk (cyiwoZd) la;e djksA bl la;e osG }kjk Kku&
lEcU/k&viuRoiwoZd gh gksrk gSA ukFkk;&Jhjke gekjs vius Lokeh gSa] foKku osG uk'kd bl ikih dke dks nwj isaGd nksA
;g Hkko bl eU= esa eq[; gSA ;g nwljk 'yksd dgrk gS fd dkeµfoœr dke iki gSµ;g fpŸk
dh iki esa yxkosxkA eu esa vk;k Hkh rks bfUÊ;ksa dks jksd nksA bls lkFkZd
f=iqjkfj er gksus nksA nwj isaGd nks bldksA
mºr lqr rsjk gS dkeA rw Hkh rks uV[kV gS ';ke! brus ls xhrk&xk;d dks lUrks"k ugha gSA os iq#"k dk Ácyre&loZJ"s B
rw u jksd] rks Hkh D;ksa gk:°] crk] vHkh f=iqjkfj iqdk:°\ iq#"kkFkZ pkgrs gSaA os dke dkµfoœr dke dk lewyksUewyu pkgrs gSaA
vius dUgkbZ dks mykguk nsus yxk Fkk vkSj rHkh Hkhrj tSls fdlh us bfUÊ;ksa dks ij dgk tkrk gSA bfUÊ;ksa ls ijs eu gSA eu ls ijs
xhrk osG 'yksd nqgjk fn;sµ cqfº gSA tks cqfº ls ijs gS] ogh gSµogh rqe gksA
bfUÊ;kf.k euks cqfºjL;kf/k"BkueqP;rsA bfUÊ;ksa dks ij dgk tkrk gSµfduls\ fo"k;ksa ls] dke lsA dgk tkrk
,rSfoZeksg;R;s"k] Kkueko`R; nsfgue~˚ gSµoLrqr% fo"k; oqGN gSa ughaA us= ls fHkÈk :i osGoy Árhfr gh rks gSA :i
rLekŸofefUÊ;k.;knkS fu;E; Hkjr"kZHkA dh dkeuk us= esa gS ;k us= dkeuk ls ijs gS\ a us= rks lqUnj] vlqUnj nksuksa dks
ikIekua Átfg ·sua KkufoKkuuk'kue~˚ ns[krs gSAa muesa dgk° dke gS\ ;gh voLFkk lc bfUÊ;ksa dh gSA
bfUÊ;kf.k ijk.;kgqfjfUÊ;sH;% ija eu%A bfUÊ;ksa esa dke ugha gS rks eu esa gS\ bfUÊ;ksa ls eu ijs gSa_ fdUrq eu gh
eulLrq ijk cqfº;ksZ cqºs% ijrLrq l%˚ rks lc oqGN ugha gSA eu ls ijs cqfº gSA dke dhµokluk dh igq°p ;gha
,oa cqºs% ija cqn~/ok laLrH;kRekuekReukA rd gSA vki rks cqfº ls ijs gSaA
tfg 'k=q a egkckgks dke:ia nq j klne~ ˚ bl Ádkj vius dks cqfº ls ijs tkudj] vius vkils vius
µHkxon~xhrk v- 3] 'yksd la- 40 ls 43 vkidks fLFkj djosG] bl dke:ih nqjkln 'k=q dks ekj MkyksA
bfUÊ;k°] eu vkSj cqfº bl dke osG vf/k"Bku dgs tkrs gSaA bu bfUÊ;ksa ;gha f=iqj&ngu Lej.k vkrk gSA Li"V dg nw° fd f=iqj&ngu pfjr lR;
50 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 51

gSA mlosG bl lR;µvkf/kHkkSfrd :i dk o.kZu eSa vius ^f'ko pfjr* esa dj rc f=iqj uk'k gqvkA rc dke ekjk x;kA
pqdk gwA° ysfdu og lR; gS] vr% mldk vk/;kfRed :i Hkh lR; gSA ^;ks cqºs% ijrLrq l%A*
vkf/kHkkSfrd ?kVuk bfrgkl dk lR; gksrh gSA og dHkh gqbZ Fkh_ fdUrq tks cqfº ls ijs gS] og dkSu\ ^l%* oghµftls Jqfr dgrh gSµ^jlks
mldk vk/;kfRed vkSj vkf/knSfod :i rks fuR; gksrk gSA mlls gedks oS l%* og vkuUnLo:iA
vkidks lnk Á;kstu jgrk gSA ^f'koks∑ga*] ^lks∑ga*] ^vga cz„kfLe* dk ;g KkuekxZ] ;g vk/;kfRed
nkuosUÊ e; us rhu uxj cuk,µ,d lksus dk] ,d pk°nh dk] ,d rF; ;fn xzg.k ugha gksrk rks Hkh fujk'k gksus dh dksbZ ckr ugha gSA osGoy
yksgs dkA vius rhuksa iq=ksa dks ns fn;kA ;s uxj fo'o esa /oUl mifLFkr vk/;kfRed lR; vFkok vkf/kHkkSfrd lR; gh ugha gSa] nksuksa osG e/; esa ,d
djus yxsA ;s u"V rc gksa tc lgÚ o"kZ esa ,d eqgwrZ dks feysa vkSj rc bu vkf/knSfod lR; Hkh gSA og loZ lqxe gSA lcdk gh lgkjk gSA
ij lnkf'ko vk?kkr djsaA ;g txr ÁR;{k gS ;k ugha\ rc bl txr dk dksbZ l¥pkyd gksxk\
yksgs dk uxj vki dk ;g LFkwy nsgµblesa fLFkr bfUÊ;k° ugha gS\ og loZ l¥pkyd losZ'oj fdlh dh cqfº esa vkosxk\
blesa jgrs dkSu gSaµnSR; nkuoA dke dh fofo/k o`fŸk;k° vkSj bl nsg dh ^;ks cqº%s ijrLrq l%*µtks cqfº ls ijs gS oghµogh los'Z oj ijekRekA
vklf‰] nsg dk vfHkeku txr esa nq%[k gks rks iSGykrk gSA ^,oa cqºs% ija cqn~/okA*
pk°nh dk uxjµjktl 'kjhj vkidk lw{e 'kjhjA ;g 'kjhj eu og cqfº ls ijs gSµ,slk tkudjµmlesa vkLFkk djosG] Jºk&
Á/kkuµbldk lalkj LoIu dkA blesa Hkh ogh dke vkSj mldk ifjokjA fo'okliwoZd mls ekudj] Bhd ,sls ekudj tSls ?kM+s dks ns[kdj eku
Lo.kZ dkµlqugyk] peRdkj] lkfRod uxj vkidk dkj.k nsgµ ysrs gSa fd mldk fuekZ.k oqGEgkj gksxkA mlh osG lgkjs bl dke:i nqjkln
ckSfºd LFkku vFkkZr~ osGoy vfo|kA 'k=q dks ekj nksA
;g lc e; dkµek;k dk fuekZ.k gSA e; osG iq= vKkuosG f=fo/k ml losZ'oj] n;ke;] loZK] loZleFkZ dks eku ysus ij oqGN dkeuk
:iksa dks ;s uxj ÁkIr gSaA LFkwy dk vfHkekuh] lw{e dk vfHkekuh vkSj djus dh vko';drk jg tkrh gS\
dkj.k dk vfHkekuh cuk ,d gh psru gSA tkx`fr] LoIu] lq"kqfIr osG
dke rks gS gh blfy, fd ge ml losZ'oj f=iqjkfj dks tkurs
vfHkekuh rhu yxrs gSa_ fdUrq rhu gSa D;k\
ughaA mldh loZKrk] n;kyqrk] loZleFkZrk ij vkLFkk ugha djrsA
;g f=iqj vts; gSA ,d&,d dks u"V djus osG Á;Ru ls ;g u"V gksus
okyk ugha gSA ;s rhuksa iqj tc ,d gksaµtc ;g Kkr gks fd rhuksa voLFkk,° ml ij vkLFkk djosG iwfN;s&dke lsµ^iqdkj°G ml enukUrd f=iqjkfj
,d gh vfo|k dh gSa vkSj muesa fLFkr psru ,d gSA dks\*
bruk gh i;kZIr ugha gSA osGoy ^Roa* inkFkZ dk 'kks/ku] osGoy viuh mls iqdkjus dh vko';drk ugha jgsxhA mldk Lej.k tgk° ‚n; esa
rVLFkrk dk Kku bu iqjksa dksµvfo|k vkSj mlosG foykl dks u"V ugha vkrk gS] ogk° dke fVd ugha ldrkA blhls eSa vius dUgkbZ ls dgrk gw°µ
djsxkA ml ij f'ko dks vk?kkr djuk pkfg,A v}; ijekRerŸo osG ^rw u jksd] rks Hkh D;ksa gkj°GA
lk{kkRdkj lsµ^rr~* inkFkZ osG 'kks/ku ls Hkh ugha] rr~&Roa osG ,dRo cks/k crk vHkh] f=iqjkfj iqdkj°G\*
ls vfo|k uk'k gksuk pkfg,A ifjfPNÈkRo dk Hkzeµvkoj.k feVuk pkfg,A csVk mRikrh gS vkSj cki uV[kV_ fdUrq Hkksys ckck rks dgha x;s ugha gSaA
52 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 53

Mjrk og gS tks cqjk djrk gS ukjh dk /keZ vkSj ijekFkZ


fo'kky ty&iksr leqÊ dh Nkrh ij ygjksa dks phjrk gqvk osx ls vktdy /keZ vkSj ijEkkFkZ Ák;% i;kZ;okph eku fy;k tkrk gS_ fdUrq
pyk tk jgk FkkA ;ku dk pkyd ;qod Fkk] vHkh nks fnu igys gh mldk rF; ,slk ugha gSA tc xhrk esa Hkxoku~ dgrs gSaµ
fookg gqvk FkkA ;qorh&iRuh osG lkFk cSBdj ckrsa djus dk Hkh mls ^loZ/kekZu~ ifjR;T; ekesoaG 'kj.ka oztA*
vodk'k ugha feykA ;ku py jgk Fkk iRuh us dgkµpfy;s Nr ij
rc /keZ dks le>uk vko';d gSA 'kkL=ksa us pkj iq#"kkFkZ ekus gSaµ
pydj lqUnj n`'; dk vkuUn ysaA
1- vFkZ] 2- /keZ] 3- dke vkSj 4- eks{kA buesa eks{k LorU= iq#"kkFkZ gSA tSls
ifr us dgkµlSadM+kas uj&ukfj;ksa dh j{kk dk Hkkj Hkxoku us eq> ij
vFkZ dk miktZu vkSj dke dk lsou /keZ ls vfojks/kh gksuk pkfg, mlh
NksMk+ gS] dŸkZO; ikyu osG le; vkeksn&Áeksn dk D;k dkeA
Ádkj /keZ dks Hkh eks{k dk vfojks/kh gksuk pkfg,A tSls /keZ dk fojks/kh
iRuh us dgkµvki cM+s :[ks gSaA
vFkZ ,oa dke R;kT; gS] oSls gh eks{k dk fojks/kh /keZ Hkh R;kT; gSA
ifr us dgkµesjh ljlrk bl le; ;ku vkxs ys tkus osG fy, flU/kq
U;k;iwod Z mikftZr /ku ls miHkksx] nku] ;K ,oa viuh iRuh dk fofgr
osG vFkkg ty esa jkLrk cuk jghA
le; esa lsou ;g /keZ ls vfojks/kh vFkZ vkSj dke gSA tks ,slk djrk gS] og
iRuh ifr osG ikl cSB xbZA ifr dŸkZO; ikyu esa rYyhu FkkA oqGN gh
ikej ugha gSA og fo"k;h Hkh gks ldrk gS] /kekZRek HkhA ;fn U;k;ksikftZr /ku
nsj ckn leqÊ esa Hkkjh rwQku mBkA ;k=h ?kcjk x;s pkyd ls rjg&rjg osG
Á'u djus yxsA og vius dke esa ysrk gS rks og fo"k;h gSA ;fn ml /ku ls nku] rhFkkZVu]
pkyd us dgk vki lc 'kkafr ls cSBasA ?kcjkus dh dksbZ ckr ugha gSA lsok] ;K djrk gS rks /kekZRek gSA ysfdu lk/kd vFkkZr~ eks{kekxhZ rks og gS
thou esa u tkus fdrus rwQku mBrs vkSj cSB tkrs gSaA eu dks u cSBus nksA tks /keZ osG fy, Hkh laxgz &ifjxzg ugha djrkA og ;fn miktZu djrk Hkh gS rks
iRuh us dgkµ^vki cM+s vthc gSa dksbZ mik; ugha lksprsA* vR;YiµÁ;kstu ek=A og x`gLFk gksdj Hkh cz„p;Z dk ikyu djrk gSA
ifr us dgkµ^dŸkZO; ikyu ls Js"B vkSj dksbZ mik; ugha gSA ?kcjkdj ;g fy[kus dh vko';drk blfy, gqbZ ftlls /keZ vkSj eks{k dks Li"V
deZ NksMu+ s okys Mwc tkrs gSaA* i`Fkd le>k tk losGA tSls lR;] vfgalk] vLrs; lcosG lkekU; /keZ gS] oSls gh
iRuh us vius Lusgiw.kZ cM+&s cM+s us= ifr osG eq[k ij tek fn;sA ukjh osG oqGN fo'ks"k /keZ gSµ
a ifrozR;] iq= dk ykyu&ikyu] ifr osG ifjokj
ifr us viuh dVkj fudkyh vkSj iRuh dh Nkrh ij rkuhA iRuh us dh lsokA ;s ukjh osG mlh Ádkj /keZ gSa tSls iq#"k dk /keZ iRuh dh j{kk ,oa
g°ldj dgkµ^vki ;g D;k [ksy djrs gSaA* ikyu rFkk larku dk ikyu&f'k{k.k] ekrk&firk dh lsok vkfn gSA bu /keks± esa
ifr cksykµ^rqEgsa dVkj dk Mj ugha gSa\* fdlh ,d dks gh cgqr egŸkk ns nsuk u mi;q‰ gS] u le>nkjhA
iRuh us dgkµ^dVkj vkiosG gkFk esa gS rc rd eq>s Mj D;ksa gks\* /keZ O;f‰ dk] O;f‰ osG fy,] O;fDr dh 'kfDr&fLFkfr ,oa ;ksX;rk
ifr us dgkµ^fÁ;s rwQku :ih dVkj Hkxoku osG gkFk esa gSA Hkxoku osG vuqlkj gksrk gSA /keZ dk Qy iq.; gSA iq.; dk Qy LoxZ gSA fu"dke
esjs ije fÁ; gSa fQj eq>s Mj D;ksa gks\* Hkko ls /keZ dk ikyu djus ij og vUr%dj.k dh 'kqfº dk dkj.k gksdj
Mjrk og gS tks cqjk djrk gS vkSj Hkyk pkgrk gSA eks{k dk lk/ku curk gSA
dŸkZO; ijk;.k] ijes'oj ij n`<+ fo'okl j[kdj fuR; fuHkZ; jgrk gSA /keZ fujiokn ugha gksrkA ,d gh /keZ ,d O;fDr osG fy, ,d voLFkk esa
54 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 55

/keZ gS rks nwljs osG fy, v/keZ gks ldrk gS vkSj nwljh voLFkk esa mlh O;fDr gekjh #fp] gekjh fÁ;rk osG vuqlkj gekjk vHkh"V gksrk gSA tks blh
osG fy, Hkh v/keZ gks ldrk gSA tSls iRuh dk ikyu&j{k.k x`gLFk iq#"k dk thou esa vR;Ur fÁ; ugha gS] ftlosG lkFk dŸkZO;&cqfº osG dkj.k fuokZg
/keZ gS_ fdUrq laU;klh gks tkus ij mlh osG fy, og v/keZ gks tkrk gSA djuk gS] og tUe&tUe osG fy, b"Vµ'kk'or vHkh"V oSGls cu ldrk
ifrozR; /keZ gSA eq>ls iwNk tkrk gSµ^og eks{k dk lk/ku gS ;k gSA tks vHkh"V ugha] og b"V cu ugha ldrkA
ugha\* esjk mŸkj gS fd gS_ fdUrq ÁR;sd /keZ fu"BkiwoZd viukus ij eks{k dfBukbZ rc vkrh gS tc /keZµlkekftd dŸkZO; gekjs eks{k dkµ
dk lk/ku gksrk gSA lR;] vfgalk] vifjxzg] cz„p;Z] ekrk&firk ;k xq# ijekFkZ osG lk/ku dk fojks/kh curk gSA tSls fdlh HkDr osG gkFk ij
dh HkfDr Hkh oSls gh eks{k osG lk/ku gSa] tSls ifrozrA osGoy ifrozr ij gh ,dkn'kh osG fnu dksbZ vUu ls cuk HkxoRÁlkn j[k nsA ,slh n'kk esa
cy] iq#"k vius LokFkZ osG dkj.k gh nsrs gSaA ,dkn'kh ozr dk /keZ xkS.k gks tkrk gSA xksfi;ksa dh ckr u Hkh djsa rks ehjk
/keZ ,oa eks{k osG lk/ku esa ,d ekSfyd vUrj gSA /keZ gksrk gS vf/kdkj osG lkeus ;g ladV vk;k FkkA cgqrksa osG lkeus vkrk gSµvk ldrk gSA
osG vuqlkj vkSj lk/ku gksrk gS fu"Bk osG vuqlkjA vkidh fu"Bk Jhjke esa xksLokeh rqylhnkl th us ,sls volj osG fy, dgk gSµ
gks ;k Jhœ".k es]a /keZ dgrk gS fd f}tkfr dks fuR; lU/;k vkSj xk;=h&ti tkosG fÁ; u jke&oSnsghA
djuk gh gksxkA ,slk u djus ij v/keZ gksxkA rft;s rkfg dksfV oSjh le] ;|fi ije lusgh˚
blh Ádkj ukjh 'kjhj ÁkIr gqvk gS rks ifrozr /keZ gSA mldk ikyu u ukrs usg jke rs efu;r] lq‚n lqlsO; tgk° ykSA
djuk v/keZ gksxkA ;g ckr fufoZokn lR; gSA ysfdu ;g vko';d ugha vatu dgk vk°[k tkSa iwGVS] cgqrd dgkSa dgk° ykSa˚
gS fd tks /keZ gS] mlh esa fu"Bk Hkh gks vkSj mlh dks eks{k dk lk/ku cuk;k tk;A
iq#"k f}t gS rks fuR; lU/;k vkSj ,d ekyk xk;=h ti djosG /keZ& ukjh vkSj v/;kRe
fuokZg djrk gqvk Jhjke&œ".k&f'ko vkfn fdlh b"V esa fu"Bk j[kdj ukjh osG fy;s fdlh vk/;kfRed lk/kuk dh vko';drk gS ;k ugha\
mudk /;ku] muosG eU= dk ti dj ldrk gSA cz„pkjh xq# osG vkJe esa ;g Á'u blfy;s mBk gS] D;ksafd cgqr ls yksxksa dh ekU;rk gS fd ukjh
xq# dh lsok djrk gqvk Hkxoku~ osG fdlh :i dh vkjk/kuk dj ldrk osG fy;s ifr Hkf‰ gh i;kZIr gSA blh ls mldk yksd&ijyksd iwjk cu
gS] /kekZRek iq= ekrk&firk dh lsok djrk gqvk Hkh HkfDr] Kku vFkok ;ksx tkrk gSA cgqr O;k[;k u djosG ge lh/ks lkns <°x ls fopkj djsa rks bu
ekxZ viuk ldrk gSA Á'uksa ij /;ku tkrk gSA
blh Ádkj ukjh Hkh ifr&lsok djrs gq, vius m}kj osG fy, dksbZ Hkh 1&tho dk D;k dksbZ fyax gS\ tho L=h gS ;k iq#"k\
vkjk/kuk dj ldrh gSA tSls f}t osG fy, xk;=h dks NksMd + j vU; eU= osG &Li"V gS fd tho u L=h gS] u iq#"kA L=h ;k iq#"k 'kjhj gSA
ti dk fu"ks/k ugha gS] tSls cz„pkjh osG fy, xq# dks vkSj iq= osG fy, firk 2&vk/;kfRed dY;k.k fdldk gksrk gSµLFkwy 'kjhj dk ;k tho dk\
dks gh b"V cuk ysuk vfuok;Z ugha gS] oSls gh ;g vfuok;Z ugha gS fd L=h ifr µLFkwy 'kjhj rks ;gha tyk fn;k tkrk gS] xkM+ fn;k tkrk gS vFkok
dks gh b"V Hkxoku ;k xq# Hkh cuk ysA myVs ,slk dj ysuk cgqr dfBu gksrk ty esa Áokfgr dj fn;k tkrk gSA vk/;kfRedµikjykSfdd dY;k.k
gSA mruk gh dfBu gksrk gS ftruk iq= osG fy, firk dks gh b"V cuk ysukA gksuk gS tho dkA
bldk vFkZ gS vHkh"V] vkSj vHkh"V mGij ls Fkksik ugha tk ldrkA 3µukjh fiNys tUe esa iq#"k ugha gksxh] D;k ;g fu'p; gS\ ,sls gh
56 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 57

iq#"k osG lEcU/k esa fu'p; gS\ dk vf/kdkjh gSA ,d gh lk/ku lcosG fy;s lEHko gksrk rks 'kkL=ksa esa brus
µ,slk dksbZ fu'p; ugha gSA vkt tks ukjh gS] fiNys tUe esa iq#"k gks lk/kuksa dk o.kZu O;FkZ u fd;k tkrkA
ldrh gSA ;gh ckr iq#"k osG lEcU/k esa Hkh dgh tk ldrh gSA 8µtSls iq#"k fHkÈk #fp gSa] ukfj;k° D;k fHkÈk #fp ugha gSa\ mudks
4&^vusd tUe laflfºLrrks ;kfr ijka xfre~A* vius vf/kdkj ds vuqlkj lk/ku D;ksa ugha djuk pkfg;s\ muesa vf/kdkj
xhrk osG bl fu;e dks ns[krs] ^vusd tUeksa rd ,d gh lk/ku pysxk Hksn gS ;k ugha\
rc iw.kZrk ÁkIr gksxhA vFkok tUe&tUe esa lk/ku cnyrs jgsaxs rks Hkh µukfj;ksa esa Hkh iq#"k osG leku gh #fp&oSfp´; gSA mudks Hkh vius
iw.kZrk ÁkIr gks tk;xh\* vf/kdkj osG vuqlkj gh lk/ku djuk pkfg;sA tSls lc iq#"kksa ls fir`Hkf‰
µtUe&tUe esa lk/ku cnyrs jgsaxs rks iw.kZrk ÁkIr ugha gksxhA ,d gh dh ckr dguk Hkh ew[kZrk gSA
lk/ku pyrk jgsxk rc iw.kZrk ÁkIr gksxhA ,d gh lk/ku pyrk jgrk gS] 9µifrHkf‰ ij bruk cy 'kkL=ksa esa D;ksa gS\
bldk vk'oklu xhrk esa gSµ µlkekftd lnkpkj cuk;s j[kus osG fy;sA nwljh ckr ;g fd vk'kk
^iwokZH;klsu rsuSo fŒ;rs ·o'kks∑fi l%A* dh xbZ Fkh fd iq#"k lk/ku Hktu djosG eqDr gksxk ghA vr% mlesa vklDr
5µ,d Ák.kh iwoZtUe esa iq#"k Fkk vkSj ml le; ;ksxkH;kl esa yxk ukjh vuk;kl eqDr gks tk;xhA ysfdu tc iq#"k ikijr gS] ujd osG iFk
FkkA nqHkkZX; ls eu esa okluk tkxhA ejrs le; eu L=h esa jg x;kA bl ij nkSM+ jgk gS] mlesa vklfDr j[kdj mldh HkfDr djosG ukjh dks tks
tUe esa mls L=h nsg feyk vkSj fookg gks x;kA vc og ifr&Hkf‰ esa yxs ^ifryksd* feysxkµD;k og vHkh"V gS\
;k ;kksxkH;kl esa\ mfpr D;k gS\ lkFk gh iwokZH;kl mls fd/kj tkus dks 10µrc ukjh dk vk/;kfRed lk/ku D;k gS\
foo'k djsxk\ µtSls ijyksd dh fpUrk iq#"k dks djuh pkfg;s] ukjh dks Hkh djuh
µLi"V gS fd iwokZH;kl mls ;ksxkH;kl esa yxus dks foo'k djsxk] pkfg;sA tks lk/ku iq#"k osG fy;s gS] ukjh ds fy;s Hkh gSA ukjh dks Hkh iq#"k
;gh mlosG fy;s ekxZ gSA osG leku gh fdlh mfpr ekxZn'kZd dh vko';drk gS tks mls vf/kdkj
6µtSls ifrHkf‰ ls ukjh dk dY;k.k fuf'pr gS] oSls gh fir`Hkf‰ osG vuq:i lk/ku funsZ'k djsA
;k xq#Hkf‰ ls iq#"k dk dY;k.k fuf'pr gS ;k ugha\ ek/ko! rqeus ekjk e/kq dks&ij esjs eu dk e/kq thrkA
µfir`Hkf‰ ;k xq#Hkf‰ ls iq#"k dk dY;k.k lqfuf'pr gSA
fo"k;ksa dh d.k d.k feBkl ij&HkVd jgk eu&thou chrk˚
7µtSls ukjh ls dgk tkrk gS fd og osGoy ifrHkf‰ djs] D;k vki
oSGVHkkfj! oSGVHk Hkh tc rc&isGjs dj tkrk gS eu esaA
iq#"kksa ls Hkh dgsaxs fd os vU; lk/ku u djsa] osGoy fir`Hkf‰ djsaA bl
jks"k&}s"k dh Tokyk txrh] cqfº u jg tkrh gS ru esa˚
Ádkj D;k ;ksx] Kku] HkfDr] deZ;ksx dks vki Lo;a cryk nsax\ s
'ks"kukx dh 'khry 'kS;k] in~ek inpk;kZ esa yhukA
µvki ,slk lkgl ugha djsaxAs ,slk djuk ew[kZrk gksxhA lk/ku gksrk
gS vf/kdkj osG vuqlkjA tks foj‰ gS] LoLFk gS] Jeh gSµog ;ksxkH;kl igq°p losGxh rqe rd esjh&O;Fkk&vkrqjk] efyuk&nhuk\
dk vf/kdkjh gSA tks Hkkoqd gS] og Hkf‰ dk vf/kdkjh gSA ftldh cqfº vks d#.kk&o#.kky; tkxks! fuÊk R;kxks! fojn cpk yks!
Ácy gS og Kku dk vf/kdkjh gSA ftldh deZ esa Áo`fŸk gS] og deZ;ksx ukjk;.k! uj osG vUrj esa&;s e/kq&oSGVHk] bUgsa lEgkyks!!
58 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 59

ukjh vkSj lk/ku bu lc ckrksa ij /;ku nsa rks fu"d"kZ ;g fudysxk fd ukjh osG
vk/;kfRed lk/ku iq#"k dh vis{kk] foaGfpr fHkUu gksus pkfg, vc bl
ukjh dks Hkh vius vk/;kfRed dY;k.k osG fy, os lc lk/ku djus Hksn ij fopkj djsaA
pkfg;s tks iq#"k osG fy, dgs x;s gSa vFkok iq#"k vkSj ukjh osG lk/kuksa esa
oqGN vUrj gksuk pkfg;s\ 1- Hkf‰ esa fo'ks"kr% e/kqj Hkko ukjh osG fy, ftruk mi;q‰ gS] iq#"k
;g Á'u foosdiw.kZ gS vkSj bl ij Hkyh Ádkj /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg;s osG fy, mruk mi;q‰ ugha gSA iq#"k viuh iRuh esa lUrkuksRiknu Hkh djrk
blfy, Hkh /;ku nsuk pkfg;s] D;ksafd lHkh {ks=kas esa ukjh osG lekukf/kdkj jgs vkSj vius esa dkUrkHkko] lq[kHkko Hkh j[ks] ;g osGoy ik[k.M gSA ;g
dh ekax vkt le>nkjh dh lhek dk mya?ku dj pqdh gSA Hkko iq#"k esa rHkh vk ldrk gS tc nsgkfHkeku loZFkk xfyr gks tk;A
ukjh vkSj iq#"k osG LFkwy 'kjhj esa tks Hksn gS]a og Li"V gSA bldk ifj.kke tcfd ukjh osG fy, blesa dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha gSA
gS fd xHkZ Hkkj&ogu ukjh dks gh djus dh O;oLFkk Áœfr us dh gSA f'k'kq 2- okRlY; ,oa nkL;Hkko dk ifjikd L=h&iq#"k nksuksa esa gksrk gS]
dks nw/k fiykus vkSj mldk ikyu djus dk nkf;Ro Hkh ukjh ij gSA fdUrq ukjh dks buesa vis{kkœr lqxerk gksrh gSA
ukjh&'kjhj dh jpuk ,slh gS fd vkrrk;h mlosG lkFk cykRdkj dj 3- l[;&Hkko dk lEiw.kZ fodkl iq#"k esa lgt gSA ukjh esa ;g rHkh
ifjiDo gksrk gS] tc mldk vkjk/; :i ukjh :i gksA
ldrs gSaA iq#"k osG lkFk ;g ckr lEHko ugha gSA bldk QfyrkFkZ ;g gS
4- ;ksx osG vf/kdka'k lk/ku ukjh osG fy, dfBu gksrs gSaA os vlEHko
fd iq#"k vo/kwr fnxEcj gksdj ?kwe ldrk gSA og ,dkadh pkgs tgk°
gSa] ,slk eSa ugha dg jgk gw°] fdUrq 'kkjhfjd dfBu O;k;ke Ák.kk;ke rFkk
futZu esa Hkh jg ldrk gS] ysfdu ukjh ,slk ugha dj ldrhA mls 'kjhj
fujkoyEc /;ku ukjh osG fy, lgt lqxe ugha gSA
<+dus dks oL= vkSj jgus dks lqjf{kr LFkku vo'; pkfg;sA
5- Kku osG ekxZ esa iq#"k dks ukjh dh vis{kk vf/kd lqxerk gksrh gSA
vc tks lk/ku loZFkk ,dkUr esa jgdj gksus okys gS ou esa fxfj xqQk esa iq#"k ekxZ esa xq# ls fujis{k jgdj Hkh vkRefpUru dj ldrk gS] fdUrq
os ukjh osG fy, ugha gS] ;g ckr Li"V gks xbZA ;g Hkh Li"V gks x;k fd ukjh dh Áxfr rHkh gksrh gS tc og viuh Lusg djus dh Áœfr dks
vo/kwrius dh vksj ys tkus okys lk/ku Hkh mlosG fy, ugha gSaA mlosG xq#Hkf‰ dk ,d voyEcu ns ysA
'kkjhfjd R;kx] oSjkX; dh lhek cuh jguh pkfg;sA 6- cgqr FkksMs+ esa dgsa rks ukjh mRlxZ#ik gSA vius dks mRlxZ dj nsuk
eSa viokn dh ckr ugha djrk iq#"kksa esa ukjh LoHkko osG yksx ik;s tkrs mldk LoHkko gSA vr% tgk° Hkh mRlxZ dj nsus dk volj gS] mls
gSa vkSj ukfj;ksa esa Hkh iq#"k LoHkko gksrk gSA ,slksa dks viokn eku ysa rks lQyrk 'kh?kz feysxhA iq#"k vkReosGfUÊr o`fŸk dk gSA vr% og vius dks
iq#"k vkSj ukjh osG tSls LFkwy 'kjhj osG xBu esa ekSfyd vUrj gS] oSls gh cM+h dfBukbZ ls mRlxZ dj ikrk gSA blfy, vius ^vga* ij osGfUÊr gksdj
nksuksa osG lw{e 'kjhj vFkkZr~ vUr%dj.k osG xBu esa Hkh ekSfyd vUrj gSA fd;s tkus okys lk/ku mlosG fy, lqxe gksrs gSaA
iq#"k vkReosGfUÊr] :{k LoHkko rFkk cqfº dks Á/kkurk nsus okyk gksrk gSA 7- ,d lkekU; ckr gh ;gk° dgh xbZ gSA lk/ku rks tho dks vusd
Áœfr us f'k'kq ikyu dk nkf;Ro ukjh ij fn;k gS] vr% mlosG LoHkko esa tUeksa dh ijEijk ls vkrk&feyrk gSA vr% L=h gks ;k iq#"k tks lk/ku
Lusg] Lotu lsok rFkk Hkkouk dks Á/kkurk nsus okyh fo'ks"krk gSA cqfº] ftlosG fy, lgt lk/; gS] viuh #fp dk gS] ogh mlosG fy, lqxe gSA
ukjh esa iq#"k ls de ugha gksrh] fdUrq og cqfº dh vis{kk Hkkouk dks osGoy 'kkjhfjd jpuk oqGN LFkwy ÁfrcU/k gh mifLFkr djrh gSA mu
egŸo nsrh gSA ÁfrcU/kksa dk ekuuk fgrdj gh gS] ck/kd ughaA
60 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 61

xhrk dk eq[; fcUnq deZ Hkh fofgr gks tkrs gSaA tSls pksjh fuf"kº deZ gSa] ijUrq Ák.kj{kk osG
fy, pk.Mky osG ?kj ls oqGŸks dk ekal egf"kZ fo'okfe= pqjk yk;s vkSj mls
^vukfJra deZQya dk;Z deZ djksfr ;%A fuf"kº ugha ekuk x;kA 'kkL= ftu ;Kkfn deks± dh x.kuk dkE; deks± esa
l lU;klh p ;ksxh p u fujfXuuZ pkfÿ;%˚ djrk gS] Qyk'kk NksMd + j mudks djus esa xhrkdkj lger gSaA vr,o
tks deZ&Qy ds vkfJr u gksdj dŸkZO; deZ djrk gS] ogh laU;klh xhrkdkj dks ;g vHkh"V gS fd ifjfLFkfr osG vuqlkj ftl deZ dk djuk
gS] ogh ;ksxh gSA vfXu dks R;kxus okyk vFkok deZ dks R;kxus okyk dŸkZO; gks] mls Qyk'kk NksMd + j vo'; fd;k tkosA blh mÌs'; dks
laU;klh ;k ;ksxh ughaA lwfpr djus osG fy, ^dk;Z deZ* 'kCn fn;k x;k gSA fofgr 'kCn ls bruh
osGoy ;g ,d 'yksd xhrk osG n`f"Vdks.k osG eq[; fcUnq dks le>k Li"V vFkkZfHkO;fDr ugha gks ldrh FkhA
nsus osG fy, i;kZIr gSA Ák;% ÁR;sd v/;k; esa bl Hkko dh dbZ&dbZ ckj ^vukfJra deZQya* deZQy dk vkJ; u fy;k tkosA bldk ;g
vko`fŸk dh x;h gSA ^;qºLo* dh vkKk dks vusdksa ckj blh n`f"Vdks.k ls rkRi;Z dHkh gks gh ugha ldrk fd ,sls deZ er djks ftudks dkE;
nqgjk;k x;k gSA bl osGUÊ&fcUnq dks le> ysus osG mijkUr vtqZu Lohdkj cryk;k x;k gS vFkok tks Qy ÁdV djrs gSaA osGoy lU/;k ÁHk`fr fofgr
fd;k gS] ^dfj";s opua ro* eSa vkiosG opuksa dk ikyu d:°xk vkSj og deZ djksA deZ ;fn Qy ÁdV djrs gSa] rks muls Hkhr gksus dh dksbZ
rnuqlkj ;qº osG ?kksj fgalke; deZ esa yx Hkh x;k gSA vko';drk ughaA ^le nq%[k lq[ks LoLFk% dh f'k{kk nsus okyh xhrk
blh eq[;fcUnq osG dkj.k xhrk dks ^vuklfDr ;ksx* ^fu"dke O;fDr dks deZQy ls Hk;Hkhr cukuk ugha pkgrhA mldk rkRi;Z osGoy
deZ&;ksx* ÁHk`fr uke cM+&s cM+s egkiq#"kksa us ns Mkys gSaA ;|fi ;g ugha brus esa gS fd rqe deZ osG Qy ij fuHkZj gksdj deZ er djksA Qy gks ;k
dgk tk ldrk fd xhrk esa HkfDr;ksx] gB;ksx] lka[;;ksx] deZR;kx er gks] rqedks blls fujis{k jguk pkfg,A deZ djuk rqEgkjk dŸkZO; gS]
ÁHk`fr ugha gSaA ;s lc mlesa gSa vkSj viuh iw.kZrk osG lkFkA ^loZ'kkL=e;h ;g le>dj deZ djksA fQj ml deZ dk Qy pkgs oqGN Hkh gksA
xhrk* fdlh Hkh lk/ku ls fjDr ugha gSA og lcdh iw.kZrk fy, gSA bruk mGij dh v/kkZyh esa fuf'fpr flºkar dk vkns'k nsdj uhps dh v/kkZyh
gksrs gq, Hkh lcdh f[kpM+h mldk y{; ughaA mldk eq[;fcUnq mijksDr esa mlosG ikyu&dŸkkZ dh fLFkfr cryk;h x;h gSA ^l laU;klh* ogh laU;klh
'yksd osG Hkkoksa ij jgk gSA lc lk/ku bldk leFkZu djus vkSj blh esa gSA ^;ksxh o* ogh ;ksxh Hkh gSA fLFkfr dk ;g Li"Vhdj.k cM+s tksjnkj 'kCnksa
lefUor djus osG fy, yk;s x;s gSaA esa gSAa iwjk cy yxkdj mls laU;klh vkSj ;ksxh crk;k tk jgk gSA
deZ osG 'kkL=ksa us rhu Hksn ekus gSµ
a fuf"kº] dkE; vkSj fofgrA fuf"kº ^u fujfXuuZ pkfÿ;%* vFkok vfXu] fÿ;k dk R;kxus okyk laU;klh
deks± osG djus dk rks Á'u mBrk gh ughaA dkE; deZ og gS tks fdlh dkeuk ;k ;ksxh ughaA D;ksa\
ls fd;s tk;sAa loZÁFke ^vukfJra deZQya* deZ&Qy osG vkfJr u gksdj] ^ufg df'pR{k.kefia tkrq fr"BR;deZœrA
bl okD; }kjk Hkxoku~ us dkE; deks± dk Hkh lQk;k dj fn;kA vc osGoy dk;Zrs ·o'k% deZ loSZ% ÁœrtSxqZ.kS%˚
fofgr deZ cp x;sA budk R;kx osG'ko dks vHkh"V ugha gSA dksbZ Hkh tUe/kkjh ,d {k.k Hkh fcuk deZ fd;s jg ugha ldrkA
fofgr deZ osG fy, xhrkdkj us ^dk;Z deZ* dj.kh; deZ 'kCn dk Áœfr&tU; xq.kksa osG }kjk mlls foo'kr% deZ gksrs gh gSaA ,slh n'kk esa
Á;ksx fd;k gSA ,slk D;ksa\ dkj.k ;g gS fd voLFkk&fo'ks"k esa fuf"kº deks± dk iw.kZr% R;kx gks ugha ldrkA gks osGoy ;gh ldrk gS fd cyiwoZd
62 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 63

bfUÊ;ksa dks deZ ls jksoGs j[kk tk;A eu dks jksoGs j[kuk 'kD; ughaA fcuk l¡Yiksa dk R;kx fd;s dksbZ ;ksxh ugha gks ldrkA mUgksaus laU;kl
ekufld fpUru:ih deZ rks gksrs gh jgsaxAs bl n'kk dks xhrkdkj vHkh"V vkSj ;ksx dh ifjHkk"kk dh gSµ
ugha ekursA os dgrs] gSa] ^;g rks feF;kpkj gSA* fldkE;kuka deZ.kka U;kla laU;kla do;ks fonq%A
^ln`'ka ps"Vrs LoL;k ÁœrsKkZuokufiA* loZdeZQyLR;kxa ÁkgqLR;kxa fop{k.kk%˚
Kkuh Hkh vius LoHkko osG vuqlkj ps"Vk djrk gh gSA ,slh n'kk esa eu dkeuk&;qDr deks± osG R;kx dks (lkjs deks± osG R;kx dks ugha) fo}ku~
esa lalkj dk leLr Ái¥p Hkjs jgdj osGoy 'kjhj ls deZ u djus dk laU;kl dgrs gSa vkSj leLr deks± osG Qy&R;kx dks cqfºeku R;kx crykrs
ik[k.M D;ksa fd;k tk,\ 'kjhj ls Hkh iw.kZr% deZ&R;kx rks gksrk ughaA gSaA bl ifjHkk"kk esa dŸkZO; ,oa fofgr deks± osG R;kx dk dksbZ Á'u vkrk
Hkkstu] tyiku] 'kkSpkfn vfuok;Z deZ fd;s fcuk dksbZ jg ugha ldrk] gh ughaA
fQj osGoy FkksMs+ ls deks± dks R;kxus ls D;k ykHk\ ;K] nku ÁHk`fr us D;k ftlus osGoy vfXu dk (goukfn deks± dk) R;kx fd;k gS] vFkok
fcxkM+k gS\ ;s rks ifo= djrs gSaA ftlus deZek= (Hkkstukfn vko';d deks± ls vfrfjDr deZ) dk R;kx
^;Kksnku ri% deZ u R;kT;a dk;Zesorr~A fd;k gS] og laU;klh vFkok ;ksxh ughaA cgqr lEHko gS fd og vutkus esa
;K] nku vkSj riL;k ÁHk`fr vkRe'kqfºdkjh rFkk yksdksidkjh deZ feF;kpkj dk iks"k.k dj jgk gksA deZ&Qy ls vukfJr gksdj dŸkZO; deZ
vo'; djus pkfg;sA xhrk osG erkuqlkj Qy dh bPNk NksMd + j lc dŸkZO; djus okyk laU;klh vkSj ;ksxh gSA dkE; deZ dk R;kx djus osG dkj.k og
deZ dj.kh; gSAa dŸkZO;&deks± osG R;kx dk vFkZ gS dŸkZO;&Hkz"V gksukA dksbZ laU;klh vkSj QysPNk dks NksM+ nsus osG dkj.k ;ksxh Hkh cryk;k x;k gSA
Hkh vius dŸkZO; ls P;qr gksdj ;ksxh vFkok laU;klh ugha gks ldrkA xhrk dk blh fu"dke deZ;ksx osG }kjk_ yksdlaxzg eq[; fcUnq jgk gSA
Lej.k j[kuk pkfg;s fd xhrkdkj ;ksx vkSj laU;kl esa dksbZ fo'ks"k Lo;a viuk mnkgj.k nsdj xhrk oDrk us bldk Áfriknu fd;k gSA
vUrj ugha ekursA mudh n`f"V esa nksuksa ,d leku vFkok ,d gh gSaA
nsgk/;kl oSGls NwVs\
^;a laU;klfefr Ákgq;ksxa ra fofº ik.MoA*
,d vPNs lar us ,d fnu lgt iwN fy;k fd nsgk/;kl dSls NwV
^vtqZu! ftls laU;kl dgk tkrk gS] mlh dks ;ksx le>ksA* ,slk
ldrk gS\ rks eSa ifjgkl esa cksykµ^iSj esa jLlh ck°/kdj myVs fctyh osG
D;ksa\ dkj.k ;g gS fd laU;kl dk vFkZ Hkxoku~ deks± dk U;kl ugha
ia[ks esa yVduk pkfg,A*
ekursA os Li"V dgrs gSa fd dksbZ ,d {k.k Hkh deZ fd;s fcuk ugha jg
os g°l fn;sA ckr g°lus dh gh gSA ^nsgk/;kl D;k\* bls le>s fcuk
ldrkA desZfUÊ;ksa ls deks± dk R;kx djosG eu ls mudk fpUru djuk mu
vktdy yksx nsg dh lq/k u jgs] bls nsgk/;kl NwVuk le> ysrs gSaA vkSj
loZK dh n`f"V esa ik[k.M gSA os desZfUÊ;ksa ls deZ djrs gq, Hkh eu ls rc xys esa jLlh ck°/kdj yVdus] xksyh ekj ysu]s fo"k [kk ysus osG vfrfj‰
fujis{k jgus okys dks fo'ks"krk nsrs gSaA ^vl‰% l fof'k";rsA* vr,o mUgsa D;k mik; cryk;k tk;A fuÊk esa ,slk nsgk/;kl Áfrfnu NwVrk gSA
laU;kl dk vFkZ xhrkdkj deZR;kx u ekudj l¡Yi ÁHkokUdkekUR;DRok mlls ftls lUrks"k ugha gS mls DyksjksQkeZ lw°?kdj rks lUrks"k gksuk ugha gSA
lokZu'ks"kka l¡Yi&tU; lEiw.kZ dkeksa ds R;kx dks ;g laU;kl dh fo'ks"krk 'kjhj dh lq/k u jgus dk uke nsgk/;kl NwVuk gks rks og iRFkj] yksgs
ekurs gSaA bl R;kx ls fHkÈk ;ksx Hkh oqGN ughaA vkfn dk NwVk gqvk gh gSA vki oSlk cuuk pkgrs gSa bldk vFkZ gS fd
flufg laU;Lr l¡Yi% ;ksxh Hkofrd'puAfi bZ'oj us vkidks euq"; cukdj Hkwy dhA
64 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 65

nsgk/;kl D;k\ vo'; ;g Á'u igys fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj rc n'kjFk esa] ekrk dkS'kY;k esa] JhHkjryky esa] Jhguqeku th esa] Jhjk/kk esa
nsgk/;kl NwVus dh fpUrk esa iM+uk pkfg,A ugha Fkk] og vki esa gks tk;µ,slk dksbZ mik; eq>s irk ugha gSA*
nsg dh Árhfr vkSj nsg ls O;ogkj djus dk uke nsgk/;kl gks rks og ^vO;ko`r Hktukr~A* & ukjn Hkf‰lw=
thou esa tkx`fr jgrs ugha NwVus okyk gSA og rks fufÊr] ewfNZr ;k e`r dk bl Ádkj 'kkL=ksa esa v[k.M Hktu dh] lrr Lej.k dh ckr gSA lUr
gh NwVrk gSA Hkh dgrs&fy[krs gSa fd fujUrj ti&fpUru gksuk pkfg,A
^eSa nsg gw°* ,slh ekU;rk osGoy tM+okfn;ksa dh gksrh gS] tks nsg ls fHkÈk bl vO;ko`r] lrr] fujUrj] v[k.M dk vFkZ D;k gS] tSls lkekU;
vkRek ugha ekursA tks iki&iq.; dh] ijyksd dh fpUrk djrk gS og vFkZ budk Ápfyr gS] ;fn ogh vFkZ gS rks ;g ,d vlEHko ckr gS vkSj
vius dks nsg ugha ekurkA ysfdu nsgk/;kl osGoy ijyksd vFkkZr~ nsgkUr ,slh voLFkk fdlh dks dHkh ÁkIr ugha FkhA mGij tks eSaus cgqr cM+kas osG
osG i'pkr~ Hkh viuh lŸkk ekuus ek= ls NwVrk ughaA vr% ^eSa nsg ugha gw°* uke fy;s gSa] blhfy, fy;s gSaA
bruk tkuus&ekuus dk uke nsgk/;kl dh fuo`fŸk ugha gSA fu;e ;g gS fd eu esa ,d dky esa ,d gh o`fŸk jgrh gS] fdlh dks
nsg esa vkSj nsg osG uke esa vklf‰ dk uke nsgk/;kl gSA ^eSa nsg gw°* bl {k.kHkj Hkh fuÊk u vkos] ;g gks ldrk gS] fdUrq og LoLFk O;f‰ ugha
Ádkj dh HkzkfUr dk uke rks vfHkfuos'k gSA vkfLrd iq#"k ;fn lPpk gksxkA ftls Hkw[k&I;kl yxrk gS] ftls nwljs ls oqGN Hkh dguk gSA ftls
vkfLrd gS rks mlesa vfHkfuos'k ugha gksrkA /kekZpj.k ls] /keZ esa n`<+ vkLFkk lalkj dh dksbZ ckr {k.kHkj dks Hkh Lej.k vkrh gS] mlls ml dky esa rks
gksus ls ijyksd ij fo'okl gksus ls vfHkfuos'k feV tkrk gS\ fdUrq nsg Lej.k] Hktu NwVrk gh gSA
,d uke dh vklf‰ rc Hkh cuh jgrh gSA tSls ?kj] nqdku] eksVj] /ku vc vki ns[ksa fd cM+&s ls&cM+s Hk‰ ;k egkiq#"k vFkok Hkxoku~ osG
oL=kfn dks dksbZ ^eSa* ugha ekurk_ fdUrq muesa vklf‰ jgrh gS vkSj [kwc vUrjax ifjdj lksr]s [kkrs&ihrs vkSj nwljh Hkh dksbZ ppkZ] Le`fr djrs gSa ;k
n`<+ jgrh gSA ugha\ mUgsa vius ekrk&firk] ifr] lsod] l[kk ;k lkeku dh dHkh ;kn
nsgk/;kl feVus dk vFkZ gS ifjfPNÈkRo dk Hkze feVukA nsgk/;kl vkrh gS\
fuo`fŸk osG LFkku ij nsgklf‰&fuo`fŸk 'kCn vf/kd lqxe&lqcks/k gSA ;g Kku rFkk ;ksx osG xzUFkksa esa ,d lIre Hkwfedk dk o.kZu gSA mlesa 'kjhj
nsg ,oa uke dh vklf‰ oSGls feVs ;gh lk/kd dks eq[; :i ls ns[kuk gSA vkSj lalkj dk {k.k Hkj dks Hkh Lej.k ugha gksrk_ fdUrq ,slh voLFkk ÁkIr
;g nsgklf‰ oSGls feVs\ bldk mŸkj bruk gh gS fd Kku] Hkf‰] gksus ij 'kjhj bDdhl fnu esa u"V gks tkrk gSA nwljs bl voLFkk esa eu
;ksxkfn lc lk/ku blhfy, gSaA fdlh lk/ku dh iw.kZrk ÁkIr fd;s fcuk ;g fuf"ÿ; gksrk gSA Lej.k&Hktu dh fÿ;k ugha gksrh ogk°A
feV ugha ldrhA vr% iwjh fu"Bk ls] lEiw.kZ yxu ls] vius lk/ku esa yxs lrr Lej.k 'kkL= ,oa lUrksa dh ok.kh esa vk;k gS] bldk funsZ'k gS rks
jguk pkfg,A O;FkZ ugha gSA bldks lEHko gksuk pkfg,A ;g lEHko gS] O;kogkfjd gS_
lrr Lej.k oSGls gks\ fdUrq bu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ Bhd le>k ugha x;kA tgk° rd fÿ;k dk Á'u
,d lTtu dgrs gSaµ^esjs eq[k ls v[k.M lhrkjke uke fudyrk gS] dksbZ fÿ;k lrr ugha gks ldrhA og fuÊk esa] Hkkstukfn osG le;] nwljs
ugha Fkk] jgs] ,slk mik; dj nhft;sA* vko';d dkeksa esa NwVxs h ghA ;g ckr 'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld nksuksa
eSaus mUgsa mŸkj fn;k gSµ^tks v[k.M ti] v[k.M Lej.k egkjkt fÿ;kvksa osG lEcU/k esa gSA osGoy Hkko esa lkrR;] uSjUrjh;rk] v[k.Mrk
66 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 67

py ldrh gSA dsoy lquusµ,dkxz gksdj lquus fdrus tkrs gSa\ tks lquus tkrs gSa]
vkidks vius uke dk lrr&fujUrj Lej.k jgrk gSA vki dHkh dsoy ogh Jksrk gSaA
viuk uke jVrs ugha] eu ls mls Ák;% Hkwys jgrs gSa_ fdUrq fuÊk esa Hkh og pkSFkh vkSj vfUre ckrµlqudj mBus ij D;k gksrk gS\
Lej.k jgrk gSA dksbZ vkidk uke ysdj uhan esa vkidks iqdkjs rks Hkh vki yksx o‰k dh iz'kalk djrs gSaA mlds izopu dhµ;qfDr&iz;qfDr dh]
tkx tkrs gSaA ;gh lrr Lej.k gSA jkr&fnu vius uke dks Hkwys jguk Hkwys Loj&xku dh iz'kalk djrs gSa ;k mlds nks"kksa dk o.kZu djrs gSaA
jguk ugha gSA nksuksa esa dksbZ ckr gks] lRlax ugha gqvkA lRlax u fuUnk dks izfs jr djrk
ekrk dks viuk bdykSrk iq=] Ás;lh dks fÁ;re lrr Lej.k jgrk gSA vkSj u Lrqfr dksA tks fuUnk ;k Lrqfr dks izfs jr djs] og lRlax ugha FkkA og
;g ckr le>kus esa dfBukbZ gks ldrh gS] ij vius uke dh ckr vki dsoy lquuk ek= FkkA Hkys og mŸke dFkk ;k Js"Bre izopu gksA
le> ldrs gSaA HkxoÈkke] Hkxoku~ dh Le`fr vius uke osG leku ^lRlax vki fdls dgrs gSa\* vki iwNasxAs
lgt&thou dk vax cu tk;] ;gh lrr Lej.k gSA ;gh voLFkk ikus dk lr~ dk vFkZ gS ijekRek vkSj lax dk vFkZ vklfDrA vr% lRlax dk
;Ru djuk gSA eu fÿ;kRed :i esa dksbZ Lej.k lrr cuk;s rks j[k vFkZ gS ijekRek esa vklfDrA
ldrk ughaA ^rc HkfDr] Áse vkSj lRlax esa vUrj D;k gSa\*
;g Á'u LokHkkfod gSA ;gk° ;g Lej.k j[kus ;ksX; gSµ
vkt osG ;s lRlax
^rfLeLrTtus HksnkHkkoku~A*
^dgk° pys\*
µukjn HkfDr lw=
^lRlax lquus tk jgs gSaA*
Hkxoku vkSj muosG HkDr esaµegkiq#"k esa dksbZ Hksn ugha gSA
^ogk° D;k gksxk\*
vr% vkuUnLo:i b"Vnso esa Áhfr dk uke HkfDr gS vkSj lr~Lo:iµ
^,d Nksdjh gSA cM+k lqUnj xyk gSA [kwc Hktu xkrh gSA*
ÁR;{k fo|eku egkiq#"k esa Áhfr dk uke lRl¬ gSA
µNksdjh u lgh] dksbZ xk;d] dFkkokpd] o‰k] Hktuhd lghA
lRlax 'kCn dk eq[; vFkZ ;gh gSµegkiq#"k esa ÁseA vc bldk
igyh ckrµlRlax lquus dh oLrq ugha gS] djus dh oLrq gSA
nwljk xkS.k vFkZ Hkh gSA tSls vke Qy gS_ fdUrq vke dk o`{k Hkh vke
nwljh ckrµvki o‰k ds :i] Loj] yPNsnkj Hkk"kk] dFkk&dgkuh
dgykrk gSA tSls HkfDr dk vFkZ Hkxoku esa Áhfr dk gksuk gS_ fdUrq ml
vkfn ls vkdf"kZr gSa vFkkZr~ euksjatu djus tkrs gSa ;k lpeqp ijekFkZ dh]
Áhfr dks mRiÈk djus osG lk/ku Jo.k] dhrZu] vpZu] oUnu] ikn&lsou
Hkxoku~ dh] lR;&lnkpkj dh ppkZ lquuk vkidks ilUn gSA
dks Hkh HkfDr ;k lk/ku&HkfDr dgrs gSa] oSls gh egkiq#"k esa ;k Hkxoku~ esa
eSa vkt dh dFkk&dhrZu lRlax esa dSlh HkhM+ gksrh gS] blh vkykspuk
tks vklfDr mRiUu djsa ml dFkk] Áopu] Hktu] dhrZu dks lquus ,oa oSls
ugha dj jgk gw°A HkhM+ dc vkSj D;ksa vf/kd gksrh gS] ;g vki Hkh tkurs gSaA
rhljh ckrµvki lRlax esa tkdj djrs D;k gSa\ ekrk,° LosVj xzUFkksa dks i<+u&s i<+kus] lquus&lqukus dk uke Hkh lRlax gSA
cqurh gSaA dgha&dgha lCth Hkh vefu;k djrh gSaA dqN Jksrk lksrs gSaA ,sls lRlax dh ,d ifgpku gSµog fuUnk ;k Á'kalk dh Ásj.kk ugha
dqN ltkoV ns[krs gSaA dqN o‰k ;k b/kj&m/kj cSBs yksxksa esa rkd&>k°d nsrkA og Jksrk dks euu dh Ásj.kk nsrk gSA lkspus osG fy, xEHkhj cukrk gS
djrs gSaA vkSj mlosG ‚n; esa ^lr~* osG Áfr vklfDr txkrk gSA
68 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 69

,slk lc lRlax lcosG fy, lRlax ugha gksrkA vius b"V] viuh tc lRlax Hkh oqGlax gksrk gS
fu"Bk] vius lk/ku esa tks #fp mRiÈk djs og lRlax gksrk gSA ,d HkDr osG
fy, osnkUr osG mPpdksfV osG egkiq#"k dk lax Hkh oqGlax cu ldrk gSA 'kkL=ksa esa vkSj lUr iq#"kksa dh okf.k;ksa esa lRlax dh cM+h efgek gSµ
vkSj ,d osnkUr osG lk/kd osG fy, fdlh HkxoRÁkIr HkDr lax Hkh oqGlax ^rqy;kfe yosukfi u LoxZ ukiquHkZoe~A
cu ldrk gSA HkxoRlafxlaxL; eR;kZuka fdeqrkf'k"k%˚ µHkkxor
lax vFkkZr~ vklfDrµlr~ vFkkZr~ Jºk vkSj ;g Jºk rFkk vklfDr π π π
djrh D;k gS\ Hkxoku us xhrk esa cryk;kµ^;ks ;PN™º% l ,o l%A rkr LoxZ vioxZ lq[k] /kfj; rqykbd vaxA
rwy u rkgh ldy fefy] tks lq[k yo lRlax˚
lPpk lRlax &
π π π
tks ftlesa Jºk djrk gS] og ogh gSA mlh ls vc mldk rknkRE; gS lr laxfr eqn eaxy ewykA lksbZ Qy flf/k lc lk/ku iwGyk˚
vkSj vkxs Hkh mlh esa mldks feyuk gSA π π π
vkidh Jºk dgk° gS\ bldk mŸkj nsus ls igys lksfp;s fd vkidks efr dhjfr xfr Hkwfr HkykbZA tks tsfg tru tgk° tc ikbZ˚
cuuk D;k gS\ fdls ikuk pkgrs gSa vki\ lks tkur lr lax ÁHkkmGA yksdgq osn u vku mikmG˚
vkidks fuxqZ.k] fujkdkj] v}; ijekRecks/k ikuk gS rks vkidks bl Ádkj osG okD; ;fn ladyu fd;s tk;° rks cgqr cM+k xzUFk cusxkA
v;ks/;k&o`Unkou osG jfld larksa esa vklfDr djus ls] mudh ckrsa lquus ls ,d ckr vkSj fd dksbZ vkpk;Z lRlax dh efgek osG bu okD;ksa dks
D;k feysxk\ vkiosG fy, ;g oqGlax gSA vkiosG fy, lPpk lRlax gS vFkZoknµvfr'k;ksf‰ ugha dgrsA
mifu"kn~] ;ksxokfl"B] i¥pn'kh] v}Srflfº vkfn dk v/;;u vkSj fdlh ;s lc okD; lEiw.kZ :i ls lR; gSaA vuqHko dgrk gS fd ftruk
fojDr] osnkUrfu"B lar esa n`<+ JºkA ÁHkko euq"; ij lax dk iM+rk gS] mruk vkSj fdlh ckr dk ugha iM+rkA
vkidks Jhjke ;k Jhœ".k osG pj.kksa esa Áhfr pkfg, rks vki mGij thou vkSj eu esa tks ifjorZu o"kks± Á;Ru] dM+s lk/ku ls ugha gksrk] og lax
cryk;s xzUFkksa rFkk oSls lar osG ikl tkdj oqGlax D;ksa djrs gSa\ vkidks osG ÁHkko ls vuk;kl vkSj vR;Yi dky esa gks tkrk gSA
fdlh Hkxon~HkDr lUr esa Jºk djuh pkfg, vkSj Jhen~Hkkxor] Jhjke& lax dk ÁHkko bruk 'kh?kz vkSj xgjk iM+rk gS] blhfy, lRlax dh
pfjrekul tSls xzUFkksa dk v/;;u djuk pkfg,A ftruh efgek gSa] oqGlax dh mlls de fuUnk ugha gSaA
Kkufga Hkxfrfga ufga dNq HksnkA ^dks u oqGlaxfr ikb ulkbZA*
mHk; gjfga Hk;&laHk; [ksnk˚ π π π
ije lR; gS ;g_ fdUrq ;g egkiq#"k dh flº fLFkfr gSA lk/ku&iFk ^vlRl¬ loZFkS; R;kT;%A* µukjn Hkf‰lw=
osG ifFkd osG fy, rks lPpk lRlax pkfg,A vFkkZr~ vkius lk/ku osG ,slh voLFkk esa lRlax D;k vkSj oqGl¬ D;k] ;g le>uk vko';d
vuqowGy egkiq#"k esa mldh n`<+ Jºkµlpeqp vklfDr gksuh pkfg,A gSA D;ksafd yksd lkekU; ftls lRlax dgrs gSa] og lnk lcosG fy, lRlax
;g gS mldk lPpk lRlaxA ugha gksrkA
70 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 71

^lr~* ;g ijekRek dk uke gSA tks fufoZ'ks"k] loZO;kid] loZ& lkfRod laxhr Hkh oqGlax gh cusxkA
Lo:i] vÁes; lŸkk gS] mldk uke lr~ gSa ml vf}rh; lŸkk esa }Sr dk lpeqp osG lar iq#"k dk okLrfod lRlax Hkh oqGlax cu tkrk gS ckr
ys'k ughaA vr,o mlesa ^lax* 'kCn dh dksbZ lkFkZdrk ugha gSA ;gh le>us dh gS vkSj blh osG lEcU/k esa lk/kd dks lko/kku jguk gSA
tSls o`{k dk uke Hkh vke vkSj Qy dk uke Hkh vke gS] oSls gh ml vkidks tkuk gS cEcbZA ,d dksbZ Lotu ogk° vkidh Árh{kk esa gSA
ewy lŸkk dk uke rks ^lr~* gS gh] mlosG vuqHko] mldh miyfC/k osG vki ;k=k djrs gSaA e/; esa ,d lTtu feyrs gSaA os lqukrs gSaµ^bu xfeZ;ksa
lk/ku rFkk ml lk/ku dks Ánku djkus okys dks Hkh ^lr~* dgrs gSaA vr% esa cEcbZ esa D;k j[kk gSA vktdy f'keyk dh ;k=k djuh pkfg,A* os
lk/ku ;k lk/ku Ánku djkus okys dk lax lRlax gSA f'keyk osG n`';ksa dk] 'khryrk dk] lq[k&lqfo/kk dk HkO; o.kZu djrs gSaA
ljy 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks Kku] ;ksx] Hkf‰ rFkk buosG vaxHkwr /keZ] Qyr% vkidk cEcbZ tkus dk fopkj cny tkrk gSA vki f'keyk py
lnkpkj] oSjkX; vkfn dh ppkZ dk uke gh lRlax gSA tho osG ikjykSfdd iM+rs gSaA ;g vkius oqGlax fd;k ;k lRlax\ eku ysa fd vki n`<+ ladYi
dY;k.k osG fy,µeu dks vUreqZ[k ;k /keksZUeq[k djus osG fy, tks Hkh gSaA vki mudh ckr ugha ekurs vkSj viuh ;k=k tkjh j[krs gSa fQj Hkh
okD; mPpfjr gksrk gS] mldk uke lRlax gSA mudh ckrsa vkiosG fy, dksbZ lgk;d gks ldrh Fkha\ vkidk le; O;FkZ
;gk° rd ckr cgqr lh/kh gSA tgk° dgha /keZppkZ] Kku&oSjkX; ;k x;k ;k ugha\
Hkxoku~ osG lEcU/k dh ppkZ] dFkk] mins'k] dhrZu] Hktu gksrk gS] mls blh Ádkj dksbZ fdruk Hkh cM+k lar ;k lk/kd gks vkSj mldk Áopu]
lRlax dgk tkrk gSA mldh dFkk] mldk dhrZu pkgs ftruk ÁHkkoksRiknd gks] og lRlax
tgk° ikippkZ] ijfuUnk gksrh gS] tgk° eu dks fo"k;ksUeq[k djus&okyh mlosGµosGoy mlosG fy, gS] tks ml ekxZ dk pyus okyk gksA Hkf‰ ;k
dksbZ ckr gksrh gS] og oqGlax gSA ;g ckr Hkh lkekU; O;f‰ le>rk gSA ;ksx ekxZ esa pyus okys osG fy, osnkUr fpUru djus okys osG fy, Hkf‰ dk
ckr bruh lh/kh ugha gSA fcuk ,d 'kCn cksys ;k lqus lRlax ;k oqGlax lRlax_ lRlax ugha gSA og ftruk ÁHkko'kkyh gksxk] fu"Bk esa mruk varj
gksrk gS vkSj loZFkk funksZ"k lRlax Hkh oqGlax gks tk ldrk gSA ;g ckr ykus esa leFkZ gksxkA vr% fHkÈk ekxZ ls pyus okys lk/kd osG fy, og
le>s fcuk u lRlax dk ykHk gksrk vkSj u oqGlax ls cpk tk ldrkA mruk vf/kd oqGlax gksxkA vkidh fu"Bk n`<+ gS] rks Hkh rks mlls vkidks
,d lUr ;k mPpdksfV osG lk/kd osG lehi tkdj vki cSBrs gSaA os dksbZ Ásj.kk ugha feyrhA vkidk mlls le; gh O;FkZ tkrk gSA
egkiq#"k ,d 'kCn ugha cksyrs_ fdUrq mudk la;e] lknxh] mudk lk/ku ckr dFkk&Áopu rd gh ugha] xzUFkksa dh Hkh gSA Hkf‰ ekxZ dk lk/kd
vkidks ÁHkkfor djrk gSA vkidks Ásj.kk feyrh gS la;e] lknxh rFkk ;ksxokf'k"B i<+dj vkSj KkuekxZ dk lk/kd Jhjk/kklq/kkfuf/k i<+dj D;k
ijekFkksZUeq[k gksus dhA ;g lRlax gks x;k ;k ugha\ ,d 'kjkch] vukpkjh ikosxk\ le; u"V djsxk viuk ;fn ifjiDo fu"Bkoku gqvkA ;fn
dks ns[kdj vkiosG eu esa nqHkkZo txrk gS rks oqGlax gksus esa oqGN 'ks"k jgk\ viDo fu"Bk gqbZ rks la'k;] Hkze mRiÈk gksaxs eu esaA bu ln~xzUFkksa dk
O;fDr dks ckr rks NksfM+;µ s ,d uXu fp= ns[kuk&j[kuk oqGlax gS vkSj v/;;u Hkh mlosG fy, oqGlax cu tk;xkA
Hkxoku~ ;k lUr osG fp= ij n`f"V tk; rks og Hkh lRlax gks ldrk gSA lRlax_ vkidh fu"Bk osG vuq:i xzUFk dk Lok/;k; lRlax gSA lc
,d os';k lt&/ktdj lwj rqylh osG in xkos rks in osG 'kCn ;k dFkk&Áopu&Hktu esa tk cSBuk] gj vPNs xzUFk dks i<+uk lRlax ;k
Hkko fdlh Hkkoqd osG fy, Hkys lRlax cu tk;°] vU;Fkk os';k dk og ykHkdkjh gh ugha gSA
72 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 73

flº iq#"k gSA og Álkn flº dk Álkn gh ekuk tkuk pkfg;sA Hkys mls thou esa
rŸoKku ÁkIr gks pqdk gksA*
,d ckj eSa ,d Áflº peRdkjh flº iq#"k osG n'kZu djus x;kA os oSls ml Álkn dks eSaus blfy, vfof/kiwoZd vfiZr HkxoRÁlkn dgk
osGoy ,d xqnM+h yisVs lM+d osG fdukjs iM+s FksA vR;Ur foj‰ vkSj Fkk] D;ksafd ;g lh/ks Hkxoku~ dks rks vfiZr ugha fd;k x;k Fkk_ vkSj ftu
frfr{kq FksA egkiq#"k dks vfiZr fd;k x;k Fkk] mudk 'kjhj Fkk ughaA esjh n`f"V esa vkSj
eSaus dgkµ^oqGN LokuqHko dh ckr dfg;sA* viZ.k djus okys dh n`f"V esa Hkh os egkiq#"k FksA v}Sr cz„ esa mudh fu"Bk
mBdj cSB x;sA us=ksa esa vJq vk x;sA cksyµ s ^eSaus ;g tUe [kks fn;kA FkhA vc ;fn os eq‰ gks x;s vFkkZr~ mudk cz„kReSD; lEiÈk gks x;k rks
rqe flfº osG pDdj esa er iM+ukA* cz„ fuxqZ.k&fuf"ÿ; gSA dksbZ lxq.k O;f"V:i vkf/knSor lŸkk mudh jgh
nks {k.k #ddj Lo;a cksyµ s ^tku&cw>dj flfº dk ,d ckj Hkh ugha] fQj iwtk&uSo| s kfn dkSu Lohdkj djsxk\
dksbZ Á;ksx dj ys rks vg¡kj dh xzfUFk bruh n`<+ gks tkrh gS fd rRdky ;g ckr rks gqbZ flº osG HkkSfrd&'kjhj 'kkUr gksus osG ihNs dhA tc
,d ÁkjC/k flº nsg dk cu tkrk gSA vc bl thou esa mls Hkys Kku gks rd mldk 'kjhj gS] mlesa D;k fo'ks"krk gS\
tk; ;k HkxoÌ'kZu gks ;k lekf/k yxs] blh nsg ls og eq‰ ugha gks ldrkA lkekU; lekt osG fy, dkSrwgy cM+h oLrq gSA euksj¥tu dk lcls
mls ,d dYi vc flºnsg esa jguk gh iMsx+ kA* cM+k lk/ku dkSrqd gS vkSj dkSrqd ls vKkuh oxZ ÁyqC/k Hkh gksrk gSA mls
dbZ ckj eu esa Á'u mBk Fkkµ^nsof"kZ ukjn] ludkfnoqGekj rks vorkj gS_a viuh mu dkeukvksa dh iwfrZ esa ftUgsa og viuh 'kf‰ ls iwjk ugha dj
fdUrq of'k"B] vf=] vf¬jk vkfn dks D;ksa nsg /kkj.k djuk iM+kA flº nsg ikrk] ,d lgkjk feyrk nh[krk gSA
lgh_ fdUrq tc lk/ku djosG eq‰ ugha gksuk Fkk] iwot Z Ue dk gh Kku Fkk rks bl Ádkj flfº;k° yksxksa dks ÁyqC/k djosG ;k mUgsa dkSrwgy esa Mkydj
ÁfrcU/k D;k Fkk fd mlh tUe esa ;s eq‰ ugha gq,A mls egkiq#"k dh ckr ls HkkSfrd lq[k&le`fº] lsok rFkk lq;'k ikus dk lk/ku gSaA
esjk lek/kku gks x;kA vc vkidk lek/kku gks x;k ;k ugha] vki tkusaA lk/kd esa dkSrwgy ugha gksrkA gks rks nqcZyrk gSA og ekurk gS fd
,d fnu ,d lTtu us eq>s Álkn fn;kA eSua s iwNkµ^fdldk Álkn gS\ a * Hkxoku~ dh l`f"V esa peRdkjksa dh lhek ugha gSA vFkokµek;k;ka foaG uq
os cksy-s ---^Jh---dk*A nq?kZVe~A ek;k esa D;k ugha gks ldrkA
og muosG xq#nso dk uke FkkA esjs eq[k ls fudy x;kµ^Bhd] vfof/k& lk/kufu"B dks u /ku pkfg;s] u lsok vkSj u lq;'kA vr% flfº;ksµ a dk
iwoZd vfiZr lgh_ fdUrq gS HkxoRÁlknA* leLr oSHko mls ÁHkkfor ugha djrkA
;s∑I;U;nsorkHk‰k% ;tUrs Jº;kfUork%A ftuesa oqGN peRdkj gS] flfº;k° gSa] os tu&lkekU; osG fy, pkgs
rs∑fi ekeso dkSUrs; ;tUR;fof/kiwoZde~˚ ftrus egŸoiw.kZ gksa] pkgs ftrus Á[;kr gksa] pkgs ftrus peRdkj okys gks_
esjs eu esa xhrk esa dgh Jhœ".k dh ;g ckr ml le; vk;h Fkh_ foaGrq lk/kd dksµv/;kRe osG lk/kd dks muls nwj jguk pkfg;sA mls
fdUrq ihNs eSaus lkspkµ^tks Hkwr&Ásr] ;{k&nkuo gks x;k gks] mlosG uke&ls muls dksbZ lgk;rk ugha feyus okyh gSA og ;fn muosG lq;'k] oSHko ;k
vfiZr dks rks og Lohdkj djrk gh gSA rc tks thou esa flº jgk] og peRdkj ls ÁHkkfor gksdj ogk° tkrk gS rks vius le; dk ,d cM+k Hkkx
flº yksd x;kA mlosG uke tks oqGN p<+xs k] mls og Lohdkj dj ldrk u"V djosG iNrkdj mls vUr esa ykSVuk iM+xs kA
74 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 75

lpeqp egkiq#"k HkxoÌ'kZu dk Hkze


lpeqp egkiq#"k og gS ftls yksd&ijyksd dh dksbZ fpUrk ugha jg bl fo"k; ij blh LrEHk esa dbZ ckj ppkZ dh tk pqdh gS_ fdUrq
x;h gSA ;g lh/kh ckr vki vo'; tkurs le>rs gSaA lk/kd osG fy,] lkekU; yksxksa osG fy, Hkh ckr bruh vko';d gS fd fQj
vius fy, mls bl yksd esa lEifŸk] lqfo/kk] lsok] lq;'k ugha pkfg;sA ls vkSj iwjh ckr fopkj dj ysuk vPNk gSA
ijyksd dh fpUrk ls eq‰ ugha gqvk rks egkiq#"k gh dkgs dkA vusd yksx dgrs gSaµ^veqd dks Hkxoku~ osG n'kZu gq, gSaA*
vc ;fn og Kkufu"B gS rks nwljk mldh n`f"V esa gS gh ughaA lEiw.kZ vkidks feys gksax]s eq>s dbZ yksx feys gSa tks dgrs gSaµ^eq>s veqd
n`';&Ái¥p LoIu osG leku ckf/kr gSA vkius LoIu esa tks jksxh ns[kk Fkk] :i esa Hkxoku~ osG n'kZu gq,A muls veqd ckr gqbZ ;k veqd Ádkj dh
tkxus ij mlosG fy, dHkh nks jŸkh nok tqVk;h gS\ LoIu osG leku txr~ yhyk mudh ns[khA*
ftls nh[krk gS] og tkxus okyk fdlosG fy, flfº tqVkos ;k Á;ksx djs\ ;g Bhd gS fd ,sls yksxksa esa <ksaxh] >wB cksyus okyksa dh la[;k vf/kd
;fn og egkiq#"k Hkf‰fu"B gS rks lEiw.kZ txr~ dks Hkxon~:i ns[krk gksrh gS_ fdUrq muesa lp cksyus okys Hkh gksrs gSaA >wB cksyus okyksa dh ckr
gSA Hkxoku~ u n;uh; gksr]s u nfjÊ] u nq%[khA mudh lsok miyC/k 'kf‰ NksfM+;asA tks lp cksyrs gSa] muesa Hkh dHkh dgha dksbZ gh HkxoÌ'kZu lpeqp
,oa lk/ku ls djuk i;kZIr gS_ D;ksafd lsok mUgsa ugha pkfg,A lsok ge ik;s gksrk gSA ckdh rks /kks[ks esa gh jgrs gSaA
vius fy, djrs gSaA Hkxoku~ ifgys ls ns[ks] tkus&ifgpkus rks gSa ugha fd mudks ns[krs gh
vr% lpeqp tks egkiq#"k gS] mldh oqGN fo'ks"krk,° gSaA igys Hkh bl dksbZ igpku ysxkA Jhjke] Jhœ".k] Hkxoku~ ukjk;.k] 'kadjth] nqxkZth]
LrEHk esa mUgsa fy[k pqdk gw°µfQj mUgsa nqgjk ysaµ guqekuth vkfn osG :iksa dk o.kZu i<+k&lquk gksrk gSA ;g Hkh lquk gksrk gS
1- fdlh dkj.k ls] dHkh mls fdlh Hkh vykSfdd 'kf‰ osG Á;ksx dh fd Hkxoku~ osG 'kjhj ls cgqr Ádk'k fudyrk gSA vc ,slk oqGN fdlh dks
vko';drk ugha yxrhA og lkekU; thou gh thrk gSA nh[k x;k rks mlus eku fy;k fd mls HkxoÌ'kZu gks x;kA
2- mls u Hk; yxrk] u fpUrk gksrh vkSj u 'kksd gksrkA vFkkZr~ oqGN dbZ flusek fp=ksa esa Hkxoku dk :i fn[kk;k tkrk gSA ukVdksa esa Hkh
u"V gks x;k] oqGN u"V gks jgk gS ;k oqGN u"V gks tk;xk] bl ij mldh dksbZ ik= Hkxoku~ osG fdlh :i esa ltdj e¥p ij vkrk gSA FkksMh+
n`f"V ugha tkrhA oSKkfud lw>&cw> vkSj lkeku dk mi;ksx djosG dksbZ vius 'kjhj ls
3- mls txr~ esa fdlh ls oqGN ugha ysuk gSA vr% dHkh nhu ugha curkA Ádk'k fudyrk fn[kk ldrk gSA
4- mls fdlh esa dksbZ nks"k ugha nh[krsA vr% fdlh dh dHkh fuUnk euq"; gh os'k cuk ldrk gS] lks ckr ugha gSA euq"; dks rks os'k cukus
ugha djrkA osG fy, lkeku yxrk gS vkSj mldk cukoVh os'k idM+ esa vk ldrk gS_
5- mlesa u yksHk gksrk] u eksg vFkkZr~ og u oLrq esa jkx djrk] u fdUrq nsork] flº] Hkwr&Ásr vkfn bPNk djrs gh dksbZ Hkh :i cuk ldrs
O;f‰ esaA gSa vkSj mudk og :i idM+ esa ugha vk ldrkA muosG 'kjhj ls Ádk'k
6- mlesa ÿks/k ,oa dke vkosa Hkh rks laLdkj NksMd
+ j ugha tkrsA [kwc fudyrk nh[k ldrk gSA
7- lcdk og lgt lq‚n~ gksrk gSA ,d jkek;.k esa vk;k gS fd oqGEHkd.kZ us lhrk&gj.k dh ckr lqudj
jko.k ls dgkµ^rqe lhrk osG ikl jke dk :i j[kdj D;ksa ugha x;s\*
76 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 77

jko.k us dgkµ^Jhjke dk :i j[kus ij eu esa ijkbZ L=h dh pkg gh µthou esa Hkxoku~ osG lkFk lk/kkj.khdj.k gks tk;A vFkkZr~ HkxoÌ'kZu
ugha jgrhA* ysfdu ;g ckr rks gS gh fd jko.k Jhjke dk :i cuk ldrk ;k HkxoYyhykuqHkwfr thou esa bruh lkekU; ckr gks tk; tSls ekrk&iq=
FkkA ;qº esa mlus ek;k ls vusd jke Jhjke osG lkeus gh ÁxV dj fn;s FksA ;k HkkbZ&HkkbZ thou esa lkekU; :i ls jgrs gSaA blesa fo'ks"k vkos'k&mYykl
cgqr rhoz /;ku gks rks viuk eu gh og :i cukdj lkeus vk tkrk ;k pkSadus&pkSadkus tSlh dksbZ ckr u jgsA
gSA bls vkRe&lEeksgu (lsYQ fgIukfVTe) dgrs gSaA lEeksgu fo|k esa HkxoÌ'kZu dh ;s lc voLFkk;sa mŸkjksŸkj Js"B gSaA loZJ"s B vfUre
leFkZ dksbZ nwljk Hkh vius ladYi ls fdlh dks dksbZ :i fn[kk ldrk gSa fLFkfr gSA bl vfUre fLFkfr dks NksMd + j vkSj ftruh fLFkfr;k° gS os Hkze
dbZ Áflº egkRek dgs tkus okys yksx blh Ádkj HkxoÌ'kZu djkosG yksxksa Hkh gks ldrh gSaA lEeksgu ;k Hkwr&Ásr] nso&flº Hkh oSlk Hkze ckj&ckj
dks ÁHkkfor djrs gSa] ;g eSa tkurk gw°A mRiÈk djrs jg ldrs gSaA
bl Ádkj vkRe&lEeksgu ls] nwljs osG }kjk lEeksfgr djosG tks HkxoÌ'kZu HkxoRik"kZn Hkh Hkxon~:i gksrs gSa vkSj mUgsa ns[kdj Hkh HkxoÌ'kZu dk
gksxk ;k djk;k tk;xk og Hkwr&Ásr] flº ;k nsork osG }kjk Ny ls os'k Hkze gks ldrk gSA
cnydj n'kZu nsus osG leku gh gksxkA ;g lc HkxoÌ'kZu osG Hkze gSaA ,sls blesa ,d gh igpku gSµiDdh igpkuA ;fn eudk gh Hkze ugha gS]
HkxoÌ'kZu ls dksbZ ykHk ugha gksrkA lpeqp Hkxoku~ us n'kZu fn;k gS rks Hkys n'kZu LoIu esa gqvk gks vkSj ,d {k.k dks
gqvk gks] ‚n; ls vfo|k u"V gks tk;sxhA lafpr deZ mlh {k.k HkLe gks tk;°xAs
HkxoÌ'kZu vfo|k osG cPps gSa yksHk] eksg vkSj 'kjhj dh vklf‰A ;s HkxoÌ'kZu
µHkxoÌ'kZu LoIu esa gks ldrk gSA osG lkFk u"V gks tk;°xAs vr% ftls HkxoÌ'kZu lpeqp gqvk gS] mlesa uke
µHkxoÌ'kZu ,slh voLFkk esa gks ldrk gS] ftls u tkxzr dgk tk dks Hkh yksHk] eksg] nsgklf‰ vkSj Hk; ugha jgsxkA D;ksafd ;s nks"k vUr%dj.k
losG] u LoIu dgk tk losGA vFkkZr~ vki tkxrs rks gksa_ fdUrq us= cUn gksa esa LFkk;h jgrs gSaA ;s u"V gq, rks gks x;sA
vkSj n'kZu bruk Li"V gks tSls [kqys us=ksa ls gksrs gSaA dke&ÿks/k] vkos'k gSaA ;s ckgjh dkj.kksa ls Hkh vkrs gSaA u'kk] nok ls
µHkxoÌ'kZu tkxrs esa [kqys us=ksa ls gks ldrs gSaA tSls vkrs] oSls gh bZ'ojsPNk ls Hkh vk ldrs gSaA vr% 'kkL=&iqjk.kksa esa
µ,d >yd nsdj Hkxoku~ vn`'; gks tk ldrs gSaA Ωf"k;ksa osG thou esa buosG vkus dh ppkZ gSA ysfdu yksHk&eksg dk vkuk
µHkxoku~ bruh nsj [kM+s jg ldrs gSa fd vki mudh Lrqfr dj ysaA 'kD; ughaA ;s vkos'k Hkh vkrs gSa rks viuk laLdkj ugha NksMr+ As
µHkxoku~ cksy ldrs gSaA ojnku ns ldrs gSaA
µHkxoku~ vkidks Nw ldrs gSa vkSj vki Hkxoku~ dks Nw ldrs gSaA lgt] ljy vkSj ltx lekf/k
µvkidks Hkxoku~ dh dksbZ lsok djus dk volj fey ldrk gS ;k lekf/k] vFkkZr~ cqfº le gks ftldh] og euq"; lekf/kLFk dgk tkrk gSA
Hkxoku~ vkiosG lkFk dksbZ yhyk dj ldrs gSaA ftl cqfº esa vgerk&eerk&fo"kerk rhuksa ugha gS]a foaGrq lerk gS] og euq";
µHkxoku~ vkidks viuk Lohdkj dj ys ldrs gSaA pyrs&fQjrs gq, Hkh lekf/kLFk gSA dksbZ iwNxs k] lekf/k esa gksrk D;k gS\ ;ksx dh
µHkxoku vkiosG dksbZ gks tk ldrs gSaA lekf/k esa o`fŸk;ksa dk fujks/k fd;k tkrk gS] tks Hkh o`fŸk [kM+h gksrh gS] mls fujks/k
µckj&ckj HkxoÌ'kZu gks vkSj ckj&ckj Hkxoku~ osG lkFk dksbZ yhyk djuk ;k dkV nsuk ;ksx gS vkSj Hk‰ dh lekf/k ;g gksrh gS] fd og loZ=
dk lqvolj feysA Hkxoku osG fojkV :i dks ns[krk gS] Hkxoku mldk l[kk gS] fÁ; gS] og mlh esa
78 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 79

fÁ;tu Hkko ls jerk jgrk gS] mlh dks ugykuk] Hkksx yxokuk vkSj mlh dk fLoV~tjyS.M esa feå dkyZ cqd eSu gq, gS]a tks ekSjy fjvkehZe.s V osG
Lej.k] ;g Hk‰ dh lekf/k gS vkSj osnkUr dh lekf/k ;g gS fd vius vkidks v/;{k gq, gS]a mUgksua s bl lk{kh Hkko dks ifjiDo djus dk ,d cgqr gh lqUnj
fo"k;ks&a inkFkks&± O;f‰;ksa ls vyx dj ysuk vkSj lk{kh Hkko ls rVLFkrkiwod Z mik; turk osG lkeus jD[kk] os dgrs gSa fd dkxt&isfUly ysdj 15 feuV osG
mUgsa ns[kuk] muosG lkFk fdlh Ádkj dk yxko&ruko o f[kapko&pquko u fy, ,dkUr esa cSB tkvksAa eu esa tks Hkh o`fŸk mBs] mls fy[krs pys tkvks] vxj
gksuk] ;gh osnkUr dh lgt lekf/k gSA blesa o`fŸk;ksa dks jksdk ugha tkrk] fdUrq dksbZ o`fŸk ugha mBrh] rks ml le; ,d ykbu yxk yks] rkfd euq"; 15 feuV osG
muls lEcU/k rksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA lac/a k u gksus osG dkj.k fdlh Hkh Ádkj dh ckn tc vius gh eu esa vUnj mBrs fopkjksa dks i<+xs k] rks mls vius eu dh lgh
o`fŸk mBs] lk/kd dks blls dksbZ QoZG ugha iM+rk] tSls cgrs xaxk osG Áokg esa gkyr dk irk yx tk;xk] fd mldk fdlls jkx&}s"k gS] o fdls og viukuk
iwGy&iŸks ydfM+;k° ;gk° rd fd dHkh&dHkh cgrk gqvk eqnkZ Hkh pyk vkrk gS] pkgrk gS] vkSj fdls gVkuk pkgrk gSA fdlh osG Áfr ?k`.kk osG Hkko fdlh osG Áfr
fdukjs ij [kM+k vkneh bu lcdks ns[k rks jgk gS] fdUrq og bu lcesa vkcº n.M nsus ;k ekj nsus osG Hkko Li"V :i ls lkeus vk tk;sxa s vkSj gekjs eu esa tks
ugha gSA bu lcls vlaxrk ÁkIr gksus osG dkj.k ;fn iwGy vkrs gSa rks og ÁlÈk] o oqGN Hkjk gS] og lkeus vk tk;xkA
eqnkZ vk tkus ls f[kÈk ugha gksrk] mlesa fdlh Ádkj dh f[kÈkrk ugha vkrh] dksbZ iwNxs k] blls gksxk D;k\ blls ekul n'kZu gks tk;xk] eu osG
mldh cqfº esa lerk gh jgrh gS] ftl cqfº esa lerk vk tkrh gS] mlesa {kerk Hkh Áfr ge ltx gks tk;sax]s vHkh rd tks vpsrkoLFkk esa gh fopkj mBrs Fks] os
vk tkrh gSA D;ksfa d euq"; tc lecqfº ls fdlh Hkh dk;Z dks djsxk] rks og lpsrkoLFkk esa mBsaxAs vHkh rd eu dk gesa irk ugha py jgk Fkk fd og
fof{kIr ugha gksxk] mldh cqfº lekfgr gks tk;xh vkSj lekfgr cqfº esa dgk° tk jgk gS] D;k dj jgk gS] D;k mldk Á;kstu gSA
futkuUn dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gh gS] ;g ,d vVy fu;e gS] ftl Ádkj niZ.k mlosG Áfr ltx gks tkus ls gesa bldk irk py tk;xk] tc fdlh
ÁfrfcEc xzg.k djrk gh gS] vxj og lh/kk iM+k gS rks vkdk'k dk ÁfrfcEc xzg.k jktk dks ;g irk py tk, fd nwljk jktk mlosG Áfr D;k pky py jgk
djsxk] vxj eq[k dh vksj mldk #[k gS] rks og eq[k ÁfrfcfEcr gks tk;xkA mls gS] rks og mlosG vkÿe.k ls cp ldrk gSa] ugha rks og dHkh vpsr gh ekjk
ÁfrfcEc xzg.k ugha djuk iM+rk] fdUrq og mlesa Lo;a vkrk gSA lekfgr eu esa Hkh tk ldrk gSA dkyZcqd eSu ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd fyf[kr fopkjksa dks
vkuUn ykuk ugha iM+rk] fdUrq mlesa vkuUn dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gh gSA fQj 4 dlkSfV;ksa ij dlks] tks fopkj bu 4 dlkSfV;ksa ij dls tk;sa] mUgsa
txr esa gekjh fo"ke n`f"V gh gesa HkVdk jgh gS] ge fdlh osG vUnj fe= viukvks o ckdh dks NksM+ nks] blls lr~&vlr~] 'kqfp&v'kqfp dk foosd
dh Hkkouk dj ysrs gS]a vkSj fdlh osG vUnj 'k=q dh] fdlh dks viuk le>rs gks tk;xkA tc foosd tkxzr gks tkrk gS] rks euq"; lpsr gks tkrk gSA
gS]a fdlh dks ijk;k] fdlh ls jkx dj ysrs gS]a fdlh ls }s"k] fdlh osG eksg esa pkj dlkSfV;k° ;s gSa %&
vkl‰ gks tkrs gSa rks fdlh osG lkFk l[r gks tkrs gSAa gekjh cqfº HkzehHkwr gks 1- D;k ;g fcYoqGy lr~ gS\
,d ,sls fopkj/kkjk osG pDdj esa iM+ tkrh gS] fd mlesa dksbZ ykHk ugha] O;FkZ 2- D;k ;g fcYoqGy Áse gS\
dk pDdj&fpUru] eu dks v'kkar djrk jgrk gSA tks lk/kd vH;kl }kjk 3- D;k ;g fcYoqGy fuLokFkZrk gS\
eu dks lk{kh gksdj ns[krk gS] mlosG eu esa mBrh o`fŸk;k° cU/kudŸkkZ ugha 4 vkSj D;k ;g fcYoqGy 'kqº gS\
jgrhA mlesa fdlh Ádkj dh fo"kerk ugha vkrh vkSj og lerkiwod Z mlesa bu pkjksa ij fopkjksa dks dlus ls fopkjksa esa foosd gks tk;xk] tgk° euq";
mBrh mu o`fŸk;ksa dks ns[krk jgrk gS] ;gh lekf/k gSA lpsr gks tkrk gS vkSj mls foosd gks tkrk gS] rks gjsd dke osG djus esa og ltx
80 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 81

jgsxk] vkSj bu dlkSfV;ksa ij dlus ls mldh cqfº esa fo"kerk ugha vk;xhA lekf/k vk°[k cUn djosG cSBus rd gh ifjfer ugha] foaGrq pyrs] fQjrs]
dyZcqd eSu dh ;g mf‰ dksbZ uohu ugha] gekjs eqfu;ksa o rŸoosŸkkvksa tkxrs euq"; lekf/kLFk gks ldrk gSA D;ksafd mls fo"k; rks Árhr gks jgs gSa]
us ekul&n'kZu ij cgqqr tksj fn;k gS] lk{khHkko ls ns[kus osG fy, dgk gS fdUrq os fo"k; fopkj osG dkj.k ughaA mls inkFkZ rks Árhr gks jgs gSa] fdUrq
vkSj tks Hkh euq"; bl iFk dk ifFkd gksxk] mldh cqfº le gks tkus osG os fdlh cU/ku osG dkj.k ugha] og rks osGoy gS gh] vkSj vius vki esa
dkj.k lekf/k dks ÁkIr gks tk;xhA fLFkr gSA inkFkZ O;f‰&laifŸk eu osG cgko osG vUnj vkrs gSa] o tkrs gSa]
tSls dgkor e'kgwj gS] fd iqjkuh 'kjkc ubZ cksryksa esa u;s ysfcy yxs fdUrq og bu lcdk lk{kh gks ns[k jgk gS] ;gh gS lgt] ljy vkSj ltx
gksus ls T;knk #fpdj yxrh gSA vkt dy osG i<+&s fy[kksa dks vxj dksbZ lekf/kA ftldks dksbZ Hkh euq"; ÁkIr dj ldrk gSA
fopkj ik'pkR; ls vkrk gS] rks mlosG vUnj vf/kd egRocqfº gksrh gSA dUgkbZ dc feyrk gS\
viuh laLœfr dk mUgsa irk ugha vkSj ogh ckr tc u, euq"; osG }kjk u, Jhœ".k dh ÁkfIr lk/ku&lk/; ugha gS] vr% ;g Á'u lkFkZd ugha gS
<ax ls fey tkrh gS] rks og #fpdj gksrh gSA fd Jhœ".k oSGls feyrs gSaA
fdlh Ádkj dk yxko u gksuk] rVLFkrk gksuk] fdlh osG lkFk esa jkx&}s"k tks osGoy viuh œik ls gh feyrk gS] og dc fdls feysxk vkSj
dk u gksuk] cqfº dk le gksuk] fdlh osG lkFk esa pquko u gksuk fd eq>s ;g fdls ugha feysxk] ;g dksbZ ugha dg ldrkA tks cM+&s cM+s rifLo;ksa]
laifŸk ;k O;f‰ fey tk, rks eSa lq[kh gks tkm°GA ge pqu&pqudj nqfu;k dh Ωf"k&eqfu;ksa dh Hkh mis{kk dj nsa vkSj diVh vlqj O;kse] ÁyEc dks Hkh
oLrqvksa dks xzg.k djuk pkgrs gS]a fQj os tc ugha feyrh rks ge muosG vHkko esa fe= cuk ys] mlosG fo"k; esa oqGN dgk ugha tk ldrk_ fdUrq oqGN fu;e gSa]
nq%[kh gksrs gSAa mu phtksa osG pquko dk vHkko [kVdus dk dkj.k cu x;k gSA ftUgsa ;g cztjktoqGekj Hkh rksM+ ugha ikrkA
tgk° cuko] vFkkZr~ fdlh Ádkj dh cukoV ugha] tgk° lk/kkj.kr;k] lgtrk vkSj 1&tc fdlh osG Ák.kksa esa blls feyus dh ,slh I;kl txs fd blosG u
ljyrk gS] yxko] pquko] cuko o fdlh Ádkj dk f[kapko ughaA lalkjh yksxksa feyus ij Ák.k] nsg&R;kx dk gh Áek.k djus okys gksa] rc ml {k.kµmlh
esa Ák;% f[kapko cuk jgrk gS] os lnk mf}Xu ls jgrs gS]a vkSj blh ckr osG pDdj {k.k dUgkbZ nkSMk+ vkrk gSA
esa iM+s jgrs gSa fd vkxs D;k gksxk\ ge ej tk;sxa s rks D;k gksxk\ ?kj dk dksbZ 2&tc dksbZ blds vkus dk lc Á;Ru djosG Fkd dj fujk'k gksdj
O;f‰ pyk tk;xk] rks D;k gksxk\ ge ,d&,d dh dYiuk djosG Hk;Hkhr ej tkrk gS] rc œ".k mls mBk ysus ls vius dks jksd ugha ldrkA
gks jgs gSAa ge orZeku esa lq[kh gS]a fdUrq ml lq[k dk ykHk ugha mBk jgs gS]a ge rks 3&ftldk dksbZ ugha gksrk&lpeqp tks fdlh dks viuk ekudj
?kwe jgs gS]a Hkwr&Hkfo"; osG pDdj es]a ftlls gekjk thou fo"ke gS] tgk° fdlh dk rfud Hkh Hkjkslk ugha djrk vkSj viuh 'kf‰] fo|k&cqfº Hkh
fo"kerk gksrh gS] ogk° cqfº le ugha gksrh] vFkkZr~ lekf/k ugha gksrhA ftls lgkjk nsrh ugha nh[krh] brus ij Hkh tks œ".k osG Hkjksls fuHkZ;
d"ViwoZd eu dks jksdus osG ctk,] rVLFkkiwoZd vxj ge eu dks fuf'apr gS] œ".k mldk viukA
4&vkidks ^loZ /kekZu~ ifjR;T;----------Lej.k gS lc /keks*± lk/kuksa dk
ns[kuk izkjEHk dj nsrs gSa] rks gesa eu jksduk ugha iM+rk] eu vius vki gh
vkJ; R;kx dj tks osGoy dUgkbZ ij fuHkZj gS] dUgkbZ mls feyk gh gSA
#d tkrk gSA eu gekjh gh lŸkk dks ysdj Ácy gks jgk gS vxj ge viuh
5&ftldh thHk Hkkstu] ty ihus] fuÊk rFkk vR;ko';d okrkZ osG
lŸkk rVLFk gksus osG ukrs vyx dj ysrs gSa] rks eu fucZy iM+ tkrk gS] vkSj vfrfj‰ HkxoUuke jVrh jgrh gS] œ".k mls feyk&feyk;k gSA dkSu
fucZy eu] lekf/kLFk gks tkrk gSA mls lekf/k yxkuh ugha iM+rh vkSj ;g dgrk gS fd uke ;g Lo;a ugha gS\
82 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 83

eks{k D;k gS\ eu ,oa euq";k.kkaa dkj.ka cU/keks{k;ks%A


fdlh dfYir fLFkfr dk uke eks{k ugha gSA tks fdlh Ádk'k nh[kus] xq.ks'kq l‰ cU/kk; jra ok iqafl eq‰;s˚
'kCn lquus&ls ;k vk'khokZn ls eks{k crykrk gS] og vkidks cgdkrk gSA µJhe⁄kxor
eks{k dk vFkZ gS cU/ku dk NwV tkukA vkius xk; osG cNM+kas dks ck°/kk euq";ksa osG cU/ku vkSj eqf‰ dk dkj.k mudk eu gh gSA
gS\ og owGndj ,d vksj tkuk pkgrk gS_ fdUrq xys dh jLlh mls [kw°Vs osG euq"; dks NksMd + j nwljs lc Ák.kh rks cº gSa ghA mudk eu Hkh
ikl jksd ysrh gSA bldk uke cU/ku gSA LoHkko&ijrU= gSA os Hkksx ;ksfu esa gSa] blfy, mUgsa fulxZ lsµtUe ls
vki dgrs gSaµ^tkuk rks eq>s Hkh cÊhukFk Fkk] ij D;k djsaµ?kj ij LoHkko feyk gS vkSj mlosG gh vuqlkj mUgsa thou iwjk djuk gSA osGoy
vktdy dksbZ ugha gSA* ,d lk/kq ds ikl lRlax dks tkrs gSa vkSj FkksMh+ nsj euq"; Á;Ru djosG vius eu esa ifjorZu dj ldrk gSA
esa dgrs gSa] ^vc cktkj tkuk gS] ugha rks gkfu gksxhA* vFkokµ^?kj ij ;g gekjk eu ;fn xq.kksa esaµÁœfr esa vkl‰ gS rks og gesa cU/ku ns
yM+dk chekj gSA tYnh igq°puk gSA* jgk gSA xq.kµlRo] jt vkSj re vFkkZr~ lEiw.kZ txrA txr esa ;g vPNkµ
,d Hkys dke esa vkidks lfEefyr gksuk gS] ij Jherh th vuqefr ;g cqjk] ;g viukµ;g ijk;k] ;g mi;ksxhµ;g vuqi;ksxh blh esa eu
ugha nsrha vkSj vki mls lfEefyr gksus ls #d tkrs gSaA vkl‰ gS rks cU/ku dVk dgk°A ;g eu dk lalkj dh vPNkbZ&cqjkbZ esa
;g lc cU/ku gS tks vkidks jksd ysrk gSA vkidks ;g cU/ku ugha yxuk gh rks cU/ku gSA
nh[krk rks vki eks{k dh ckr O;FkZ djrs gSaA vklf‰µlalkj dh] lalkj esa fdlh dh] vius 'kjhj vkSj uke dk
;g cU/ku D;k gS\ ?kj] iq=] iRuhµcktkj fdlh dks ck°/krk ughaA Hkh cU/ku gS_ fdUrq vklf‰ gh cU/ku ugha gSA vklf‰ gh eks{k Hkh gS] ;fn
dke] yksHk] eksg gS buesa vkSj ogh buls vkidks ck°/krk gSA ?kj] iq=] vklf‰ iq#"k esa vFkkZr~ ijekRek esa gSA
ifjokj] /ku] in&Áfr"Bk [kwaVs vo'; gSa] fdUrq muls ck°/kus okyh jLlh ^jra ok iqal eq‰;sA*
vkiosG Hkhrj gSA jLlh u gks rks [kwaVk cNM+s dks ck°/ksxk\ xys esa jLlh c°/kh euµgks rc rd gS] tc rd og 'kjhj esa] lalkj esa yxk gSA tc eu
gks rks ,d [kwaVs ls og NwV Hkh tk; rks og vkSj dgha my> tk;xhA ije iq#"k] vUr;kZeh jke esaµoklqnos esa yxrk gS rks og eu ugha jg
eksg 'kjhj dk] /ku dk] ifjokj dk] in&Áfr"Bk dkA yksHk vkSj Hkksx tkrkA rc rks og ml ukjk;.k ls rnkdkj gks tkrk gSA
dh dkeuk_ ;s jfLl;k° gSaµ,d ugha vusd jfLl;k°A ;s eu esa c°/kh gSa rks eu dgha lalkj esa ugha yxrkµdgha vkidks tkus dks foo'k ugha
vki cº gSaA fQj vkidks dksbZ Kku gqvk gks vkSj vkius dksbZ fLFkfr ik;h djrkA lalkj osG fdlh inkFkZ] Ák.kh] ifjfLFkfr dhµnsg dh Hkh fpUrk
;k ns[kh gks vFkok vkidks fdlh us Hkh dksbZ vk'khokZn fn;k gksA vkidks viuh vksj ugha [khap ikrh rks vki eq‰ gSaA
eq‰ dk vFkZ gS cU/ku ls NwVk gqvkA ftls u in&Áfr"Bk ck°/krh] u rc vkidk eu iq#"kksŸke esa yxk gSµiq#"kksŸke gSA og iq#"kksŸke tks
/ku&Hkou ;k ifjokjA 'kjhj dh fpUrk Hkh ugha Nwrh ftlsA vki vius dks lnk gS] loZ= gS] loZ:i gS] vkidk okLrfod Lo gSA rc vki mlesa
nsf[k;s fd D;k ,slk eks{k vkidks ÁkIr gSA D;k vki bfUÊ;ksa dh nklrk Áfrf"Br gSaA rc vki loZrU= LorU= gSaA bldk uke eks{k gSA
ls] eu dh fyIlk ls] Hk;&fpUrk&'kksd ls NwV pqoGs gSa\ ;fn ,slk ugha gS
rks vkius fdlh dYiuk dks eks{k uke ns fn;k gSA ✤✤✤
84 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 85

✤ tSls Kku osG ekxZ esa lalkj ds feF;kRo dk cks/k Hkh gks vkSj
[k.M&2 % foosd fcUnq ,oa e/kq fcUnq Hkksxklf‰µlaxzg ifjxzg Hkh gks ;g lEHko ugha gSA tgk° ;g nh[ks] ogk°
osGoy nEHk gS_ D;ksafd cz„Kkuµtxr osG feF;kRo dk cks/k ftl cqfº esa
foosd&fcUnq % 1 gS] mlh esa fo"k;klf‰ dk jguk 'kD; ugha gSA blh Ádkj ftlesa lpeqp
✤ fdlh Hkh Hkko ls Hkxon~&fparu mºkj djus okyk gS_ fdUrq Hk;] e/kqj Hkko gS] og eu ls Hkxoku~ esa l[kh Hkko] dkUrk Hkko j[krk gSA vr%
}s"k] ?k`.kk] ÿks/k ls fd;k x;k fparu thou esa m}sxµv'kkfUr nsrk gSA ;g viuh iRuh ls Hkh lUrkuksRiknu oSGls dj ldrk gSA mlesa L=h osG Áfr
ÁhfriwoZd Hkxon~&fparu dk uke gh Hkf‰ gSA dke dk tkxj.k gh 'kD; ughaA
✤ Áhfr dk fu;e gS fd og viuRoiwoZd gh gksrh gSA tks viuk ugha ✤ Áse euq"; esµa L=h&iq#"k lc es]a Ákf.kek= esa fulxZ ls gSA MkowG es]a
gS] mlls lPph Áhfr lEHko ugha gSA Hkys gh mlesa fdruk Hkh :i] xq.k] pksj esa] vukpkjh esa] os';k esa Hkh vius iq=kfn osG Áfr Áse rks gksrk gh
/ku vkfn gksA vr% Hkxoku ls Áhfr gksus osG fy, vko';d gS fd muls gSµlPpk Áse gksrk gSA ;g Áse ;fn Hkxoku~ osG Áfr gks tk; rks vo';
viuk dksbZ lEcU/k gksA mlls mldks HkxoRÁkfIr gks tk;xhA
✤ lEcU/k og lPpk vkSj Áhfrnkrk gksrk gS] ftldh vius thou esa ✤ HkxoRÁse dk mn; lnkpkjh esa gh gksxk] ,slk dksbZ fu;e ugha gSA
ek°x gksA ftlosG vusd iq= gSa vkSj mu iq=ksa esa Áhfr Hkh gS] og Hkxoku dks Hkxoku osG Áfr nkL;] l[;] okRlY; dk mn; fdlh esa Hkh gks ldrk gS
iq= ekusxk rks mldh bl ekU;rk esa Áxk<+rk vkus dh lEHkkouk de gh gSA vkSj ;fn og Áse lPpk gS rks Hkxoku mls Lohdkj djosG mlosG gks tk;°xAs
ftuosG iq= ugha gSa ;k bdykSrk iq= ej x;k gS] iq=Ps Nk ;k iq= dk eksg mnkgj.k osG fy, dksbZ thou Hkj os';k jgh] vc mlosG lokZ¬ esa
Ácy gS] og Hkxoku dks iq= ekusxk rks mldh ekU;rk Ácy gksus dh xfyr oqG"B gS_ fdUrq mlosG ‚n; esa Jhœ".k dks dkUr osG :i esa ikus dh
vf/kd lEHkkouk gSA rhozre O;koqGyrk tkx mBh gS rks mls Jhœ".k vo'; feysaxs vkSj oSls gh
✤ osGoy veqd Hkko Js"B gS] ;g i<+&lqudj fd;k x;k Hkko cM+h Lohdkj djsaxs tSls oqGCtk dks Lohdkj fd;k FkkA
dfBukbZ ls lPpk gks ikrk gSA mnkgj.k osG fy, L=h osG fy, Hkxoku osG ✤ yksHkh ;k nfjÊ /ku ns[krk gSA lalkjh O;f‰ xq.k ns[krk gSA dkeh
Áfr e/kqj Hkkoµl[kh Hkko ljy] LokHkkfod gS_ fdUrq iq#"k osG fy, ;g iq#"k 'kjhj dk lkSUn;Z] o; rFkk nSfgd ifo=rk ns[krk gS_ fdUrq Hkxoku
cgqr dfBu gS] D;ksafd mlosG eu esa ,sls fdlh lEcU/k dh lgt ek°x ugha dks rks ;g lc oqGN ns[kuk ugha vkrkA og nhucU/kq] ifrr ikou osGoy
gSA mls ;g lEcU/k osGoy /kkj.kk ls cukuk gSA ‚n; dk HkkoµlPph Áhfr ns[krk gS vkSj ml Áhfr osG vuqlkj mlh Hkko
ls Lohdkj djrk gSA
foosd&fcUnq % 2
✤ lalkj osG fdlh O;f‰ dks osGoy ekudj viuk ugha cuk;k tk
foosd&fcUnq % 3
ldrk_ fdUrq Hkxoku~ rks vius gSa ghA mUgsa tks oqGN viuk ekuk tk;xk] ✤ Hkkouk dh 'kf‰ vuUr gS_ D;ksafd Hkkouk Hkf‰ gks ldrh gS
;fn gekjh ekU;rk lPph gS rks Hkxoku~ ml lEcU/k dks lPpkbZ ls Lohdkj ftlosG o'k esa Hkxoku~ gksrs gSaA vr% Hkkouk dks dYiuk dguk ukle>h
dj ysrs gSaA gSA dYiuk esa fLFkjrk rFkk 'kf‰ ugha gksrh_ fdUrq HkkoukµeSa iwNw° fd
86 cztdk ,d fnu 87

vki ;fn ekr`HkDr gSa rks ekrk dk Lej.k D;k vkidks xn~xn ugha dj dks Hkh 'kqº djrh gSA ikih] ifrr Hkh Hkf‰ osG vf/kdkjh gSa_ D;ksafd
nsrk\ ,d lkekU; ukjh dk Lej.kµdYiuk ls mls ek° eku ysus ls bruh JhHkxoku~ ifrr&ikou] v/keksºkjd gSaA
'kfDr ÁkIr dj losGxkA ✤ osGoy Hkf‰ gS ftlesa fdlh ck· lkexzh dh] fof/k fo'ks"k dh]
✤ gekjk leLr thou Hkkouk ij vk/kkfjr gSA vki jklk;fud tkudkjh fo'ks"k dh vis{kk ugha gSA tks dksbZ Hkh] pkgs og tSlk Hkh gks]
foospu djsa rks vkidh Fkkyh osG Hkkstu rFkk ey esa ÁksVhu] phuh vkfn tSls Hkh mlosG fy, lEHko gks] tSls Hkh mls Hkxoku~ dk Lej.k djuk vkrk
cgqr rŸo leku feysax_s fdUrq vkidh Hkkouk D;k jlksbZ esa og ey gks] vius LoHkko] tkudkjh] Áhfr osG vuqlkj Hkxoku dk Lej.k&iwtu
Áfo"V gksus nsxh\ dj ldrk gSA mlh osG }kjk mldk mºkj vo'; gks tk;xkA
✤ gekjs lc lEcU/k HkkoukRed gSaA jk"V™xhr] jk"V™/ot dk LFkku ✤ Hkxoku esa Jºk vkSj Áhfr µ Hkf‰ esa osGoy ;gh vko';d gSA
HkkoukRed ugha gSa\ budh lEeku j{kk osG fy, gksus okys cfynku xkSjo gS Hkf‰ esa viuk cy] viuh fo|k&cqfº] viuh lk/ku&lkexzh] viuk
;k ugha\ dr`ZRo vko';d ugha gSA Hkf‰ esa vius dks loZFkk Hkxoku osG mGij NksM+
ekrk&firk] HkkbZ] cgu] iRuh] iq= rFkk vU; lEcU/k HkkoukRed gh nsuk gSA Hkf‰ esa Hkxoku dks lc oqGN djuk gSA
rks gSa vkSj ;g Hkkouk ;fn n`<+ gks rks bruh ifo= gS fd txnh'oj Lo;a
bldk cU/ku Lohdkj djosG ifo= gksrk gSµizlÈk gksrk gSA foosd&fcUnq % 5
✤ Hkkouk txr dks ifjofrZr dj ns ldrh gSA Hkkouk txr dks ✤ ;g ije lR; lnk Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, fd lEiw.kZ vuFkks± dk ewy
oSoqG.B cuk ns ldrh gSA gekjk lc lq[k&nq%[k HkkoukRed gSA nsgklf‰ gSA nsgklf‰ dk vFkZ 'kjhj] 'kjhj dk uke] 'kjhj osG lEcU/kh&
✤ vki fLFkj ifo= Hkkouk nhft;s vkSj vkuUn] 'kkfUr] eqfDr ;k bu lcesa vklf‰A buosG lq[k] le`fº] lq;'k dh vfHkyk"kk vkSj buosG
Hkxoku~ tks pkgsa yhft;sA nq%[k] nfjÊrk] v;'k] vieku dk Hk;A bl nsgklf‰ dk lewyksUewyu
gq, fcuk vkokxeu dk pÿ lekIr ugha gks ldrkA nsgklf‰ dk ys'kek=
foosd&fcUnq % 4 Hkh jgus ls tks Kku] HkxoÌ'kZu vFkok lekf/k gS] og osGoy euksfoykl
✤ lkekU;r% Hkf‰ dk vf/kdkjh og gS] tks u vfr'k; lalkj ;k gSµ,d ekufld HkzkfUr gSA ;g HkzkfUr fdlh dks Hkh gks] fdlh Hkh dkj.k
Hkksxksa esa vkl‰ gS vkSj u vR;Ur foj‰ gSA ftlosG eu esa HkxoRÁkfIr dh gks] egŸoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd ;g HkzkfUr gS vkSj blosG }kjk ije lR; dh
dkeuk gS] tks lalkjklf‰ dks R;kxuk pkgrk gS_ fdUrq viuh nqcZyrko'k ÁkfIr vo#º gksrh gSA
R;kx ugha ikrk] og Hkf‰ dk vf/kdkjh gSA ✤ nsgklf‰ dkµnsg dks ysdj ifjfPNUurk dk bl ifjfPNUu vga
✤ osGoy euq"; gh /keZ dk] Kku dk] ;ksx dk vf/kdkjh gS_ fdUrq dh fof'k"Vrk dk vfHkfuos'k tM+ ls dV tkuk pkfg,A O;f‰ dk :i]
Hkf‰ osG vf/kdkjh nsork] nSR;] i'kq&i{kh Ákf.kek= gSaA xq.k] fo|k] cqfº] cy] in&Áfr"Bkfn lekt osG fy, egŸo osG gks ldrs
/keZ esa fof/k osG Kku ,oa lkexzh dh vis{kk gSA ;ksx vkSj Kku osG gSa_ fdUrq ijekFkZ osG ÁR;sd lk/ku dk ije y{; nsgklf‰µekufld ,oa
vf/kdkjh Hkh fueZy vUr%dj.k euq"; gSaA osGoy Hkf‰ leLr vUr%dj.k ckSfºd O;f‰xr fo'ks"krk dh vklf‰ dk Hkh lewyksUewyu gh gSA Kku]
88 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 89

;ksx] Hkf‰ vf/kdkj Hksn ls bl y{; dh ÁkfIr osG lk/ku gSaA buesa&ls ✤ osGoy Áse gS tks Kku] /;ku] ri] la;e] lnkpkj lcls fujis{k
fdlh osG }kjk Hkh O;f‰ dks vius ifjfPNUu O;f‰Ro dk lEiw.kZ foltZu fdlh Hkh ‚n; esa mfnr gks ldrk gS vkSj tgk° mfnr gksrk gSµftl :i esa
djosG fufoZ'ks"k gks tkuk gSA O;f‰ esa viuh dksbZ fo'ks"krk] dksbZ vklf‰ mfnr gksrk gS] ogha vius vuqowGy :i esa ijekRek dks viuk cuk ysrk gSA
jgh gS rks og cº tho gSA Hkys mls dksbZ lekf/k] dksbZ KkuµckSfºd
foosd&fcUnq % 7
fLFkfr vFkok n'kZu] ekufld vuqHkwfr ÁkIr gksA
✤ bl nsgkfHkekuµnsgklf‰ osG mUewyu osG eq[; :i ls rhu lk/ku
foosd&fcUnq % 6 gSaµ1- Kku] 2- ;ksx] 3- Hkf‰A rhuksa dh vk/kkj Hkwfe /keZ] lnkpkj] la;e
gSA v/kehZ vlnkpkjh] vla;eh osG fy, lk/ku ugha gSA mlosG fy, lalkj
✤ fuxqZ.k&fujkdkj dh u mikluk lEHko gS] u /;ku osGoy vkRe:i
gSA lalkj osG lq[k&nq%[k] eku&vieku] la;ksx&fo;ksx dk ÁkjC/kkuqlkj
esa mldk vuqHko lEHko gSA Hkksx vkSj dekZuqlkj tUe&e`R;q osG pÿ esa HkVdukA lalkj esa og iwoZ
lxq.k fujkdkj ls osGoy ÁkFkZuk dh tk ldrh gSA mldk /;ku] dekZuqlkj egku yksduk;d] Áflº dykdkj] fo'o Áflº O;f‰ gks
mikluk lEHko ughaA ldrk gSA in&Áfr"Bk] cy&oSHko] lq[k&lEifŸk] dyk&ÁfrHkk dh vrD;Z
/;ku vkSj iwtu osGoy lkdkj dk gks ldrk gSA T;ksfr dk /;ku Hkh lhek Hkh lk/ku osGµijekFkZ osG {ks= esa egRoiw.kZ ugha gSA
gks rks T;ksfr lkdkj gksxhA 'kCn] Li'kZ] jl vkSj xU/k dks Hkh eu dks
✤ /keZ] la;e] lnkpkj vk/kkj Hkwfe gSA blh uhao ij lk/ku dk
,dkxz djus dk lk/ku cuk ldrs gSaA
iwtk lnk LFkwy dhµtM+ dh gh gksxhA vki pyrs&fQjrs Ák.kh dh egklnu [kM+k gksrk gSA Kku dk vf/kdkjh lk/ku prq"V~; lEiUu O;f‰
iwtk Hkh djsa rks mlosG tM+ nsg dh gh iwtk gksxhA tM+ dks ek/;e cuk;s gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ foosd] oSjkX;] "kV~ lEifŸk ('ke] ne] mijfr] frfr{kk]
fcuk psruk dh iwtk lEHko ugha gSA Jºk] lek/kku) vkSj eqe{q kk gks rc Kku osG mins'k osG Jo.k dk vf/kdkjh
gSA ;e&fu;e thou esa Áfrf"Br u gksa rks vklu] Á.kk;ke] /kkj.kk] /;ku
✤ psru dks osGoy Kku gksrk gS fd esjh iwtk ;k frjLdkj gqvkA
dk vH;kl lfodYi lekf/k Hkys ÁkIr djk ns] ij oSjkX; dh Áfr"Bk&ÁkfIr
lq[k&nq%[k r`fIr&vr`fIr Kku ek= gSaA iwtk ;k vkgkj osG ÊO; tM+ nsg ugha gksxh vkSj mlosG fcuk fufoZdYifLFkfr ÁkIr ugha gqvk djrhA blh
dks gh feyrs gSaA Ádkj HkxoRÁse Hkh gks vkSj Hkksxklf‰] bfUÊ;klf‰ ;k nsgklf‰ Hkh cuh
vr% ;fn tM+ nsgLFk psru nsg dh iwtk osG Kku ls rq"V gksrk gS rks jgs] ;g lEHko ugha gSA
loZ&O;kid bZ'oj tks loZK gS] ewfrZ osG ek/;e ls gksrh iwtk dks viuh ✤ ;gha ;g ckr Hkh /;ku esa j[kus dh gS fd uhao gh Hkou ugha gSA
tkudj vo'; lUrq"V gksxkA /kekZpj.k] lnkpkj] la;e] ri dh dksbZ Hkh cM+h lhek Kku] ;ksx rFkk Hkf‰
✤ tM+ inkFkZ tM+ dks gh ÁkIr gks ldrs gSaA psru dks mudh ÁkfIr dh ÁkjfEHkd fLFkfr osG Hkh rqY; ugha gS] D;ksafd /kekZpj.k] la;e] lnkpkj]
dk Kku gksrk gSA bl Kku dk gh uke miHkksx gSA ,d fufÊr O;f‰ ri rFkk ijksidkj dh Lo;a dksbZ Áfr"Bk ugha gSA ;s dc rd thou esa cus
dh ukfldk osG lEeq[k b= j[k nsa rks D;k lqxfU/k dk mlosG }kjk jgsax]s bldk vk'oklu ugha gSA budk Qy flfº rFkk LoxZ gSA LoxZ&
miHkksx gqvk\ Hkksx osG i'pkr~\
90 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 91

✤ lekt dh n`f"V ls la;eh] lnkpkjh] /kekZRek dk cgqr egRo gS_ ✤ lw;ksZn; ls ,d Ágj (3 ?k.Vs) igys tkx tkuk loksZŸke gSA
fdUrq og dc iFkP;qr gks tk;xk] dksbZ dg ugha ldrkA og fdruk Hkh ,slk u gks ldrk gks] rc Hkh lw;ksZn; ls igys rks mB gh tkuk pkfg,A
egku gks] gS tUe&ej.k pÿ osG ÿe esa ghA bldh vis{kk vuUr thou lw;Z fudyus rd Hkh lksrs jguk Hkkjr esa v'kqHk&veaxy dk ewy
dh n`f"V ls og Js"B gS tks ;ksx] Kku vFkok Hkf‰ dh vksj Áo`Ÿk gks pqdkA ekuk tkrk gSA
og fdruk Hkh vukpkjh] vla;eh] v/kehZ gks] mlus og iFk idM+ fy;k
✤ uhan VwVs rks igys iyd cUn jgrs gh HkxoUuke eq[k ls fudyuk
tks tUe&ej.k osG pÿ ls ikj dj nsrk gSA Hkys mls dbZ lgÚ tUe yxsa_
pkfg,A tks /;ku djrs lks;s Fks] og /;ku vkuk pkfg,A
fdUrq mldk ikj gks tkuk lqfuf'pr gks x;kA
✤ deZµfu"dke deZ ;k ijksidkj] jk"V™ lsok ;k tu lsok deZ;ksx ✤ ;fn ysVs jgus ls fQj uhan vk tkus dh vk'kadk gks] rc rks mBdj
ugha gSA og osGoy mŸke deZ&/keZ gSA /keZµftldk Qy iq.; gksrk gSA cSB tkuk pkfg,A ,slk u gks rks ysV&s ysVs oqGN feuV Hkxoku dk uke&
deZ rc deZ;ksx gksrk gS] tc og HkxoRÁkfIr osG fy,] HkxoRlsokHkko tiµHkxoku&dk Lej.k djuk pkfg,A
ls] HkxoRÁhR;FkZ gksrk gS vFkok vUr%dj.k dh 'kqfº osG fy, fd;k ✤ iyax ;k fcLrj ls mBdj i`Foh ij iSj j[kus ls igys Hkwno
s h dks
tkrk gSA Á.kke djuk pkfg,A
✤ ;ksx dk Lo:i gS fpŸko`fŸk fujks/kA y;;ksx] jkt;ksx vkfn ftruh
✤ lcsjs mBdj igys viuh nksuksa gFksfy;ksa dks ns[kuk pkfg,A 'k;u&
Hkh ;ksx dh 'kk[kk;sa gSa] mudk y{; ;gh gSA ;fn o`fŸkfujks/k y{; u gks rks
LFkku&ij Hkxoku ;k nsorkvksa osG fp= gksa rks mudk n'kZu djuk pkfg,µ
og ;ksx ugha gSA Hkys mlosG }kjk dksbZ 'kCn lquk;h iM+]s dksbZ :i ;k
;fn dejs esa Ádk'k gksA ;fn Ádk'k u gks vkSj ml le; Ádk'k u djuk
T;ksfr nh[ks vFkok dksbZ xU/kkuqHko gksA bu vuqHkoksa dk peRdkj lk/kd
gks rks ;g dke rc djsa] tc Ádk'k djuk gksA nwljk dksbZ ml dejs esa lks
dks Hkze esa Mky ldrk gSA
jgk gks rks /khjs ls mBuk pkfg, vkSj Ádk'k fcuk tyk;s dke py losG rks
✤ peRdkjµog ;ksx dk gks ;k tknw dk] osGoy HkzkfUr mRiUu Ádk'k ugha tykuk pkfg,A i`Foh ij iSj j[krs gh iq.; 'yksd iq#"kksa]
djrk gSA mldk dksbZ ikjekfFkZd ewY; ugha gSA og lk/kd dh Áxfr esa vej iq#"kksa dk Lej.k djuk pkfg,A
,d ck/kkµ#dkoV gSA tu lkekU; osG dkSrwgy dh 'kkfUr vkSj ftlesa
gS] mls Á'kalk] Áfr"Bk] /ku ,oa Hkksx fnykus ek= rd peRdkjh 'kf‰ ✤ oqGN yksxksa dks mBrs gh y?kq'kadk ;k 'kkSp tkus dh vko';drk
lhfer gSA gksrh gS] ,slk gks rks ;g djosG] ,slh fLFkfr u gks rks oqGYyk djosG] eq[k
/kksdj cSB tkb,A fcLrjs ij Hkh cSB ldrs gSaA oqGN nsj Hkxoku dk
foosd&fcUnq % 8
Lej.k dhft;sA
✤ jkf= esa Hkh fuÊk VwVrh gSa vusd ckj vkSj y?kq'kadkfn osG fy, mBuk
iM+rk gSA tks HkxoUuke ysrs lks;s gSa ;k tks lej.k djrs gq, lks;s gSa] mlh ✤ blh le; fnu Hkj osG dk;ks± dk Lej.k djds dk;Zÿe dk fu.kZ;
uke dks ysr&s ogh /;ku djrs fuÊk VwV]s ,slk vH;kl dj yhft;s vkSj fQj dj yhft;sA blh le; ladYi dj yhft;s fd fnu esa dksbZ vlr~&
oSlk gh ti&/;ku djrs lks tkb;sA deZµvlnkpj.k ugha djsaxAs
92 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 93

foosd&fcUnq % 9 foosd&fcUnq % 10
iki&iq.; dk lE;d Qy dŸkkZ dks feyrk gS] ;g ckr lEHko gS tc ,d vk/;kfRed rF; ;g Hkh gS fd fdlh dkj.k ej.k ls iwoZ dksbZ
LoxZ&ujd dh ekuk tk;A blh Ádkj tx dekZuqlkj tUe ekusaxs rc ,slh dkeuk ;k laLdkj eu esa vk tk; fd mldh iwfrZ Ákœr txr~ esa
fir`yksd Hkh ekuuk iM+xs kA oSGls lEHko gS fd vusd vksj tkus okys lEHko u gksµtSls eq‰ iq#"k osG Áfr vklf‰] rks vR;Ur ikih Hkh eq‰ gks
jsyekxZ gksa vkSj Árh{kky; u gksaA tho dks vosGys deZHkksx ugha feyuk gSA tk;sxk_ D;ksafd vfUre&laLdkj ÁkjC/k&‹k`Ãyk ugha cuk ldrkA
mls fdlh ekrk&firk dk iq= gksuk gSA fdlh dk HkkbZ] fe=] ifr] firkA os π π π
lc tho tc rd mi;q‰ fLFkfr esa u gksa] fdlh e`r Ák.kh dk rRdky tc dHkh ,slk gksrk gS fd dksbZ vfUre&laLdkj osG dkj.k eq‰ gksrk gS]
tUe oSGls lEHko gS\ vr% tc rd tUe dh fLFkfr u ÁkIr gks mls Árh{kk mldk lf¥pr cpk jg tkrk gSA rc mldh lsok&Lrqfr djus okyksa dks mlosG
dk LFkku rks pkfg,A ;gh LFkku fir`yksd gSA iq.; rFkk fuUnk djus ,oa ihM+k nsus okyksa dks mlosG iki ÁkIr gks tkrs gSAa
Árh{kk osG le; dekZtZu ugha gksrkA iwokZftZr dk gh Hkksx gksrk gSA π π π
firj osG ikl LFkwy nsg ugha gksrk_ fdUrq lw{e nsgµeu] bfUÊ; gksrs gSaA deZ&fo/kku esa vkSnk;Z ;gh gS fd euq"; osG ejus ij vfUre&laLdkj
vr% mls LFkwy Hkksx vko';d ugha_ fdUrq LFkwy&inkFkZ dh ÁkfIr dks eq[; j[kdj mlls cuus okys ÁkjC/k ls leUo; djus okyh ÁkjC/kksa
dh ekufld {kq/kk mls yxsxh] vkSj inkFkZ ÁkIr gksus osG cks/k ls gksus okyh dh ‹k`Ãyk NksVh&ls&NksVh cusA ml tho dks ;Fkk'kh?kz ekuo&thou nsdj
r`fIr mls gksxhA eq‰ gksus dk volj ÁkIr gksA
π π π
Áfrfuf/k osG ekukieku ls gesa&vkidks larks"k ;k jks"k gksrk gSA gekjs
bl Áfÿ;k dk ,d vfuok;Z ifj.kke gS fd lf¥pr esa v'kqHk deks±
/ku dks nwljk Hkh nku djs rks iq.;Qy gesa ÁkIr gksxk] ;g ge tkurs
dh jkf'k c<+rh tkrh gSA orZeku thou osG ?kksj v'kqHk deks± osG laLdkj Hkh
gSaA vr% e`r O;f‰ osG /ku ls mlosG mŸkjkf/kdkjh nku&iq.; djsa rks
lf¥pr esa iM+s jg ldrs gSa vkSj 'kqHk deks± osG laLdkj QyksUeq[k gksdj
iq.;Qy e`r O;f‰ dks feysxk ghA Áfrfuf/k czk„.k osG }kjk Jkº
'kh?kz ekuo nsg vFkok mŸke Qy nsus dk volj ckj&ckj ikrs jgrs gSaA
djkosG&Hkkstu djkosG mls tks fir`yksd esa gS] ekufld r`fIr nh tkrh
π π π
gSA D;ksafd irk ugha fd og tUe ys pqdk ;k vHkh Árh{kk esa gS] Jkº
lf¥pr dh deZ jkf'k dk uk'k osGoy rc gksrk gS] tc equ"; thou esa
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
Kku osG }kjk eq‰ gks tk;] ;ksx osG }kjk fufoZdYi lekf/k ÁkIr dj ys
deZ dk Qy drkZ dks Hkksxuk gh iM+rk gSA Ák;% iki&iq.; dk Qy vFkok Hkf‰ osG }kjk Hkxoku~ dk lkfÈk/; ÁkIr djus esa leFkZ gks tk;A
i`Fkd&i`Fkd Hkksxuk iM+rk gSA oqGN gh iki ,sls gSa tks iq.; dk Qy π π π
u"V dj nsrs gSaA tSls vfrfFk fujk'k ykSVs rks iq.; {k; gksrk gSA ,sls gh Kku esa ÁfrcU/kd jg x;k gks rks og tUekUrj esa] LoxZ esa bUÊ osG }kjk]
oqGN gh deZ gSa tks iki {k; djrs gSaA xaxk&Luku] HkxoUuke Lej.k] ;e yksd esa ;e osG }kjk vFkok cz„yksd esa cz„k osG }kjk Hkh ÁkIr gks
Ák;f'pŸk vkfnA ldrk gSA
94 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 95

π π π ,d gks tkrk gSA tSls fdlh lk/kd ;k lar osG eu esa dksbZ ckr vk;h]
iqutZUe ekuus okys dks LoxZ] ujd rFkk fir`yksd Hkh ekuuk gh vFkok mldh j{kk osG fy, oqGN vko';d gqvk rks lef"V dk l¥pkydµ
iM+xs kA D;ksafd ,d ?kM+h esa euq"; bruk mxz iki ;k iq.; dj ldrk gS bZ'oj ;k dksbZ nsork oqGN dj nsrk gSA ,slk oqGN gks ;k gksxk] ;g dYiuk
fd mldk Hkksx fdlh Hkh ikfFkZd ;ksfu esa lEHko ughaA vR;kpkfj;ksa us Hkh lk/kd dks ugha gksrhA ,slh voLFkk esa peRdkj gksdj Hkh mls lk/kd
,d vkns'k nsdj yk[kksa O;f‰;ksa dh gR;k djok nhA iq.;kRek f'kfo] dk u gksus ls ck/kd ugha gSA
jfUrnso osG iq.; ,d fnu osG Hkh D;k fdlh ,d thou Hkksx nsdj lekIr π π π
gks ldrs gSa\ tc ladYi iwoZd lk/kd ;k flº peRdkj mRiUu djrk gS rks
LoxZ vFkkZr~ og LFkku tgk° Hkksx nsg ls iq.;kRek tho dks euq"; osG O;f‰Ro ds vga ls rknkRE; fd;s fcuk ,slk dj ugha ldrkA lef"V esa tks
leku ,sfUÊ;d Hkksx lgÚksa o"kZ Hkksxrs jgus dh 'kf‰&lqfo/kk fey tkrh oqGN gks jgk gSµbZ'oj dh bPNk ls gks jgk gSA mlesa ifjorZu dh ps"Vkµ
gSA Hkksx nsg esa Hkksx&lq[k gS_ fdUrq JkfUr ;k mGcuk ugha gSA tc iq.; brus ladYi dk vFkZ gh gS vius O;f‰Ro dks i`Fkd djosG iq"V dj nsukA ,d
de gks tk;sa fd mudk Qy lq[k fdlh Hkh i`Foh osG 'kjhj esa Hkksxuk lar us eq>ls dgkµ^thou esa ,d ckj Hkh tkucw>dj flfº dk Á;ksx
lEHko gks] rc /kjk ij tUe gksxkA djus osG i'pkr~ ml thou ls eqf‰ lEHko ugha gSA fQj rks mls flºyksd
π π π dh ÁkfIr gksxhA ogk° osG Hkksx osG i'pkr~ iqu% tUe gksus ij lk/ku }kjk
ujd vFkkZr~ og LFkku (lw{e yksd es) tgk° ;kruk nsg ls nq%[k Hkksx eks{k lEHko gSA*
lgÚksa o"kZ Hkksxuk gSA ftl nsg esa vfXu esa tyus] dkVs tkus vkfn dh ihM+k ;g rF; blfy, Hkh iq"V gS fd tM+Hkjr] okenso] 'kqdnsokfn egkiq#"k
gS_ fdUrq ewPNkZ ;k e`R;q ugha gSA tc iki deZ brus de gks tk;° fd mudk vius dks vKkr j[krs jgs gSaA ;g vdkj.k rks ugha gSA
Qy i`Foh ij fdlh Hkh nsg esa jksxkfn ls Hkksxuk lEHko gks] rc /kjkij π π π
tUe gksxkA Hkksx dkµdeZ;ksx dk Hkh vf/kdkjh nsgkl‰µbfUÊ;kl‰ iq#"k gSA
'kjhj esa] bfUÊ;&Hkksxksa esa ftldh cgqr vklf‰ gS] mldks 'kjhj dks gh
foosd&fcUnq % 11 lk/ku dk ek/;e cukuk pkfg,A ;ksxµdeZ;ksx Hkh 'kjhj }kjk lEiUu
lk/kd osG thou esa peRdkj&flfº vk;s gh] ;g vko';d ugha gSA gksxkA bl nsg osG ek/;e ls lk/ku gksus yxsxk] rc nsgklf‰] Hkksxklf‰
;g loZFkk lEHko gS fd mls dksbZ Hkh fofp= vuqHkwfr u gksA ,sls gh {kh.k iM+xs hA
peRdkj ugha gh vk;s] ,slk Hkh dksbZ mik; ugha gSA fd;k ;gh tkuk pkfg, π π π
fd peRdkj dh bPNk u dh tk;A fdlh fofp= vuqHko dh ek°x eu esa Kku dk vf/kdkjh osGoy fu"dke O;f‰ ugha gSA Kku dk vf/kdkjh
u clk;h tk;A ,slk oqGN gks rks mldh mis{kk dj nh tk;A mls u dgk fuo`fŸk&fujr O;f‰ gSA vFkkZr~ ftlosG eu esa dkeuk,° ugha gS vkSj O;ogkj
tk;] u mldh dksbZ ppkZ ;k iqujko`fŸk dh bPNk dh tk;A esa ftldh Áo`fŸk ugha gS og O;f‰A eu esa Hkksxksa osG Áfr vuklf‰ rFkk
π π π O;kogkfjd thou esa Hkh deZ&Áo`fŸk dk] laxg&ifjxzg dk R;kx ftlesa
peRdkj dk Án'kZuµ;g nks Ádkj dk gksrk gSA ,d fd;k tkrk gS] gSa] og foj‰] ohrjkx O;f‰ Kku dk vf/kdkjh gSA
96 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 97

π π π π π π
Kku dk LoHkko fuekZ.k djuk ugha gSA vkpj.k dk lq/kkj ,oa fÿ;ek.k deZ lkekU;r% lf¥pr esa feyrs tkrs gSaA deZ dk Qy
vUr%dj.k dh 'kqfº] vUr%dj.k esa ln~xq.kksa dk vk/kku Kku ugha djrkµ cht&o`{k&U;k; ls gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ tSls ;fn cht mi;qDr le; esa]
dj ugha ldrkA Kku dk LoHkko oSlk gS] tSlk Ádk'k dk Lo:iA mi;qDr LFkku ij cks;k tk;] mls [kkn] ikuh rFkk j{kk Bhd feyrh jgs]
Ádk'k LFkku dks LoPN ugha fd;k djrkA Kku dk dke gS Ádkf'kr dj dksbZ mRikr u gksµvksyk&ikyk vkfn u iM+]s dksbZ pj u tk; ;k dkV u
nsukµvKku dks feVk nsukA vr% 'kqºkUr%dj.k] lnkpkjh O;f‰ Kku isaGosG rks ml cht ls dkykUrj esa lgÚksa oSls gh cht mRiUu gksrs gSaA blh
dk vf/kdkjh gSA Ádkj 'kqHk ;k v'kqHk deZ dk Qy Hkh dkykUrj esa gksrk gSµcgqr vf/kd
π π π gks ldrk gS] de gks ldrk gS] ugha Hkh gks ldrkA lc ckrsa cht osG
vukf/kdkjh O;f‰ dks tc dksbZ lk/ku feyrk gS rks mldk nq#i;ksx Qy&nku osG leku ns'k] dky] ifjfLFkfr] Jºk vkfn dh vuqowGyrk&
gksrk gSA tSls ckyd osG gkFk esa ryokj ;k Hkjk fiLrkSy gks rks og Lo;a dks ÁfrowGyrkfn ij fuHkZj gSaA
vFkok nwljs dks ?kk;y dj nsxkA ,sls gh vkpkjghu LokFkhZ O;f‰ osG gkFk π π π
esa ;ksx osG lk/ku igq°pdj tknwxjh cu tkrs gSaA mlosG nEHk dks] Hkksx dks osGoy euq"; gh deZ;ksfu dk Ák.kh gSA vFkkZr~ euq"; ;ksfu esa fd;s x;s
c<+krs gSaA blh Ádkj vukf/kdkjh O;f‰ dks ÁkIr ijerŸo dk mins'k deks± dk Qy gh nwljh lc ;ksfu;ksa esa lc yksdksa esa Hkksxuk iM+rk gSA
ckSfºd foykl cu tkrk gSA ;g mldh Hkksx&fyIlk dks c<+krk gSA mls bldk ;g Hkh fu"d"kZ gS] fd euq"; osG ejus ij mlosG fy, dksbZ ,d
/keZ] lnkpkj] bZ'oj] iqutZUekfn ls vkLFkkghu dj nsrk gSA lh/ks 'kCnksa esa gh ÁkjC/k vkxs rHkh cusxk] tc mls euq";&tUe gh ÁkIr gksuk gksA vU;Fkk
bfUÊ;&Hkksxksa esa vklf‰ osG lkFk fuxq.Z k rŸoKku rFkk nsgkReokn&ukfLrdrk ÁkjC/kksa dh ,d ‹k`a[kyk cusxh tks vfUre ckj ogk° lekIr gksxh] tgk°
esa uke ek= dk gh vUrj gSA euq"; tUe nsus okyk ÁkjC/k curk gksA
π π π
foosd&fcUnq % 12
euq"; tUe nsus okyk ÁkjC/k vFkkZr~ ,slk ÁkjC/k tks euq"; tUe nsdj
ge\ ;gh vfuoZpuh; gSaA ;k rks ge Áœfr ds bl l¥pkyd ls dk;Z djus dk Hkh volj nsaA ekuo xHkZ esa vkdj xHkZikr ;k f'k'kq dh
vfHkUu gSa ;k mlosG f[kykSuµ s ;U= gSa ;k fQj ge ^,de}Sr* gSa vkSj ;g vcks/k n'kk esa ej.k ds ÁkjC/k rks Hkksx;ksfu osG gh ÁkjC/k gSA os dgha e/;
[ksy dsoy LoIu gS_ fdUrq ge fdlh Hkh jhfr ls u nsg gSa] u eu] u cqfº esa Hkh vk ldrs gSaA
vkSj u buosG }kjk gq,] gksr]s gksus okys deks± osG dŸkkZA π π π
π π π euq"; ejdj euq"; gh gksxk ;g HkzkUr /kkj.kk gSA vke osG cht ls
vc deZ'kkL= dh ckrµorZeku esa fd;k tkrk deZ fÿ;ek.kA lEiw.kZ vke gh mRiUu gksrk gS] blh Ádkj euq"; dh lUrku euq"; gh gksxh_ fdUrq
deZ&laLdkj jkf'k lf¥pr esa&ls bl thou osG Hkksx osG fy, i`Fkd&Hkwr vke lM+dj D;k cusxk\ tho rks L=h&iq#"k] euq";&i'kq ugha gSA vr%
deZ jkf'k ÁkjC/kA ;g ÁkjC/k ifjorZuh; gSA Ácy iq.; ;k iki rFkk euq"; ejdj dekZuqlkj oqGN Hkh cu ldrk gSA
vuq"Bkukfn blesa ifjorZu dj ldrs gSaA π π π
98 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 99

vxyk tUe D;k gksxk\ ;g bl ij fuHkZj gS fd vfUre laLdkj D;k vFkok vius dks loZ&l¥pkyd dk fut tu gksus dh ekU;rk osGoy
gS] ejrs le; ewfPNZr gksus ls iwoZ tks vfUre laLdkj gS mldh iwfrZ dYiuk oSGls gks tk;xh\ ;g ekU;rk rks oLrq lR; gSA vr% ;g tho dks
vko';d gSA vr% mls iwjk djus okyk tUe igys gksxkA mlls leUo; eqDr djus okyh gSA
djrh ÁkjC/k dh ‹ka`[kyk cusxhA π π π
π π π lc lk/ku dr`ZRokfHkeku dh fuo`fŸk osG fy, gSaA dr`ZRokfHkeku fuo`Ÿk
bldk ,d vFkZ gS fd fo|k nku djus okys fo|k/;;u osG fy, ugha gks ldrk] ;fn nsg esa eSa&esjkiu cuk jgrk gSA vr% lk/kuksa dk
mRlqdrk ysdj ejus okys rFkk lk/ku Hktu esa yxs O;fDr osG fy, iqu% lkjµije lkQY; blh esa gSa fd ifjfPNÈk nsg esa eeRo dkµvklfDr
euq"; gksus dh lEHkkouk cgqr vf/kd gSA D;ksafd fo|k rFkk Hktu nwljh dk loZFkk mUewyu gks tk;A
;ksfu;ksa esa lEHko ughaA
π π π foosd&fcUnq % 14
vusd ckj iki ÁyksHku tud gksrk gSA vlR; rFkk v/keZ ls /ku] thou esa Hkf‰ vkdj nks dke djrh gSA esjs dks Hkxoku dk cukrh
Hkksx] lEeku feyrk nh[krk gS_ fdUrq mlosG lkFk jksx] fpUrk] v'kkfUr gSA vkSj eSa dks <hyk djrh gSA ^esj*s osG :i esa Hkxoku~ gh jgrs gSa] vU;
vo'; vkrh gSA v/keZ ifj.kker% nq%[kn gh gksrk gSA ughaA tc lc Hkxoku~ dk gS rks ^eSa* Hkh Hkxoku dkA flvgark oSGlhfi\
π π π π π π
vusd ckj /kekZpj.k nfjÊrk ,oa Hkksx&ghurk dk] in ls of¥pr djus vusd eafnjksa esa n'kZu] ifjÿek osG fy;s VkV ;k oL= ds iSrkos feyrs
okyk yxrk gSA lR;kpj.k /kekZpj.k dh dlkSVh gksrh gS_ fdUrq nq%[kn gSaA n'kZu djds iSrkos mrkj fn;s tkrs gSaA ;g 'kjhj Hkh iSrkok gS mls
yxus okys le; esa Hkh fuf'pUrrk] fuHkZ;rk] 'kkfUr rks /kekZpj.k osG lkFk igudj Hkxoku dh lsok&iwtk dj yks vkSj fQj mls mrkj nksA ftlus
gh jgrs gSaA vUr esa fot; /keZ dh gh gksrh gSA /keZ ij fLFkj jgus ij /keZ fn;k gS mls okil djuk gksxkA bls ^eSa* esjk dgdj j[k ugha ldrsA
vo'; j{kk djrk gSA
e/kq&fcUnq % 1
foosd&fcUnq % 13
,d flº us us= dM+s fd;sA mudh mis{kk gks x;h FkhA eSaus ns[kk] os
T;ksfr"k osG vuqlkj Hkh tc tkrd dh oqG.Myh curh gS] mlosG fou; ls ÁlÈk ugha gks jgs gSA fcxM+dj cksyµ s ^rw eq>s tkurk ugha gSA*
/kekZRek ;k ikikRek gksus dk fu.kZ; Kkr gks tkrk gSA mldk LoHkko&deZ ^tkurk gw°A* eSaus fLFkj Loj esa dgkµ^rqe pkgks rks bl nsg dh gkfu
xzg fLFkfr osG vuqlkj gksrs gSaA vr% deZ osG dr`ZRo dk nkf;Ro mldk ugha dj ldrs gks_ fdUrq nsg lnk ugha jgsxkA rqe bls [kk tkuk pkgks rks [kk
gSA ;g nkf;Ro rks og Lo;a dks dŸkkZ ekudj ysrk gSA yks_ fdUrq rc rqe lk/kq ugha jgksxAs rc rqe ‹k`xky] xh/k dh Js.kh esa [kM+s
π π π gksxsA*
;g ekU;rk gS fd dr`ZRokfHkeku tho dks tUe&ej.k osG pÿ esa os lk/kq FksA muosG us= Hkj vk;s vkSj mUgksaus {kek ek°xuk ÁkjEHk fd;kA
HkVdkrk gS rks vius dks fuR; 'kqº] cqº] eq‰] vlal‰ ekuus dh ekU;rk π π π
100 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 101

unh esa ck<+ vk;hA cgqr eSys ty esa eNfy;k° O;koqGy gksdj ejus ugha gS vFkkZr~ lcosG fy, dksbZ ,d egkiq#"kµegkiq#"k ugha gSA*
yxhaA n;k&ijo'k ,d us FkksMh+ eNfy;k° gkSt osG ty esa ykdj Mky nha_ lcdh egkiq#"k osG lEcU/k dh /kkj.kk ,d ugha gS vkSj tks jRu&ikj[kh
fdUrq ,d NksVh FkSyhHkj eqjeqjs Hkh Mky fn;s gkSt esa eNfy;ksa dks vkgkj ugha gks x;k] mlosG gkFk esa ;fn eSa ghjk ns ldrk gw° rks nwljk dk°p Hkh rks
osG fy,A eNfy;ksa us eqjeqjs [kk;s vkSj vf/kd vÈk [kk ysus osG dkj.k ghjk dgdj ns ldrk gSA mldh HkzkfUr oSGls feVsxh\
pkj&ik°p ?k.Vksa esa gh ej x;haA π π π
midkj djus osG fy, Hkh vko';d tkudkjh rFkk le> gksuh pkfg,]
^Hkxoku~ dk n'kZu djk nhft;s!* ,d us vkxzg fd;kA
vU;Fkk midkj dk Á;Ru gkfu Hkh igq°pk ldrk gSA
π π π ^Hkxoku~ rqEgkjs lEeq[k vk tkosa rks rqe mUgsa ifgpku yksx\
s * lUr us
^rqe eq>s D;k le>rs gks\* ,d vius dks vorkj dgykus okys dgkµ^oSGls tkuksxs fd eSaus rqEgsa /kks[kk ugha fn;k\*
lk/kq us eq>ls vius lEiÈk Hk‰ksa osG chp esa iwNkA ^/kks[kk\* Á'udrkZ pkSaoGs A
^ijekRek* eSaus dgkµ^tc esjh cqfº vkSj foosd Bhd jgrk gS rc ^ukjk;.k! /kks[kk cgqr fn;k tk ldrk gS vkSj fn;k tkrk gSA* lUr us
vkSj tc Bhd ugha jgrk] HkzkfUro'k rks dksbZ oqGN Hkh le> ldrk gSA* dgkµ^vki ftl :i dks Hkxoku~ ekurs gks] og :i Hkwr&Ásr] nsork
/kkj.k dj ldrs gSaA ml :i dks eu dk l¡Yi fufeZr djosG fn[kk ns
^rqe yksxksa us lqu fy;k\* mUgksaus vius Hk‰ksa ls lxoZ dgkA
ldrk gSA rqeus i<+k gS jkek;.k esa fd Jhjke dh mifLFkfr esa jko.k us
^ysfdu ijekRek rks og lkeus pjrk x/kk] og lqvj] ;s efD[k;k° vusd jke ÁdV dj fn;s vkSj guqeku tSls Hk‰ Hkh mu œf=e :iksa osG
vkSj ;s lc yksx gSaA* eSaus fQj dgkµ^ijekRek gksuk ugha iM+rkA lc fo"k; esa lafnX/k gks mBsA*
ijekRek gSa ghA gksuk iM+rk gS egkRek vkSj egkRek gksuk cgqr dfBu gSA*
π π π
^D;k eryc\* os #"V gks x;sA mudk Loj :{k gks x;kA
^vki eq> ij œik dhft;s! ,d lTtu ,d QDdM+ osG ihNs gh
^O;f‰Ro dks cuk;s j[kdj dksbZ egkRek ugha gqvk djrkA* eSaus iM+ x;s FksA
uezrkiwodZ dgkµ^nsgklf‰ dk lewyksUewyu] O;f‰Ro dk lEiw.kZ cfynku ^Hkxoku~~ ej x;k ;k fu"Bqj gks x;k\* QDdM+us Mk°VkA
egkRek cukrk gSA og lE;o~G vkpj.k] lE;o~G lacks/k] lE;o~G lekf/k osG
^os esjh ugha lqursA* mu lTtu us dgkA
fcuk lEHko ugha gSA mlesa nsg ;k uke osG lEeku dh xU/k Hkh ugha gSaA*
^og loZK ugha jgk] cf/kj gks x;k\* QDdM+ g°lµ s ^rc ,sls Hkxoku~
e/kq&fcUnq % 2 dk fi.M NksMk+ as!*
^vki fdlh lPps egkRek dks tkurs gSa\* eq>ls Ák;% iwNk tkrk gSA ^vki-------* os oqN dgus tk jgs FksA
^vki oSGls le>saxs fd dksbZ egkiq#"k gS\* eq>s Ák;% ÁfrÁ'u djuk ^lquks th!* QDdM+us Mk°Vkµ^tks rqEgkjs ‚n; esa gh jgrk gS] og tc
iM+rk gSA rd rqEgsa bl ;ksX; ugha le>rk fd rqEgkjh lquh tk;] rc rd oqGN ugha
^eSa foo'k gw°µeSa tkurk gw° fd lcds fy, dksbZ ,d egkiq#"k mi;ksxh gksus dkA rqe ifgys vius dks ;ksX; cukus dh fpUrk djksA*
102 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 103

e/kq&fcUnq % 3 ^mlls ek°x yksA* lk/kq us ekxZ ls tkrs fHk[kkjh dh vksj ladrs fd;kA
^og rks fHk[kkjh gSA mlds ikl >ksaiM+h Hkh ugha gksxhA* ;qod us
,d ;ksxflº lar us lquk;k fd ,d LFkku ij os ?kwers igq°ps rks ogk°
dgkµ^og Hkwfe dSls nsxkA*
futZu esa ,d izrs fnu esa gh izdV gqvkA mlus rax djus dk iz;Ru fd;kA
mldks nwj djus ds fy, mUgsa ;ksx 'kfDr dk vkJ; ysuk iM+kA ^ftlds ikl tks ugha gS] ml oLrq dks og ugha ns ldrkA mlls ml
oLrq dh vk'kk ugha djuh pkfg,] rqe ;gh rks dgrs gks\* lk/kq us iwNkA
^izrs larksa dks Hkh rax dj ysrs gSa\* eSaus iwNkA
^th!* ;qod us Lohdkj fd;kA
^lar lnk lar dgk° gS\* os g°lµ s ^lcds lw{e 'kjhj lk/kkj.kr%
leku gh fLFkfr esa jgrs gSaA lk/kq Hkh tc 'kjhj dh fpUrk esa gksrk gS] ^eu rqEgkjs o'k esa ugha gS rks rqe mls ijekRek dks nksx]s ;g vk'kk
izrs mlls 'kfDr'kkyh gks ldrk gS D;ksafd mlesa LFkwy nsg ls vf/kd rqels og loZK djrk gksxk\*
'kfDr gSA* vc lk/kq us le>k;kµ^vr% rqe eu yxus dh fpUrk NksM+ nksA rqEgkjs
^vkids LFkku ij dksbZ lh/kk lknk Hktu djus okyk gksrk rks----A* eSa ikl tSls eq>s nsus dks dqN /ku gS] mls eq>s nsus dks rqe m|r gks] blh izdkj
vk'kadkxzLr gks mBk FkkA 'kjhj rFkk thHk rqEgkjs o'k esa gSA budks bZ'oj ds Hktu esaµlsok esa
yxkvksA ml n;ke; dks izlUu djus ds fy, ;g i;kZIr gS fd rqEgkjs
^rks izrs mlds lkeus vkus dk lkgl gh ugha ldrkA* mUgksaus eq>s chp
iklµrqEgkjs o'k esa tks gS] mls ysdj rqe mlds lEeq[k mifLFkr gksA*
esa jksdkA
^D;ksa\* eSa pfdr gqvkA
✤✤✤
^xq.Ms dHkh&dHkh vius ls cyoku dks Hkh /kedkrs gSaA mu ij Hkh
vkÿe.k dj nsrs gSaA* os cksyµ s ^fdUrq ftyk/kh'k ds f'k'kq dks Mjkus dk
Hkh lkgl ugha djrsA izrs bruk ew[kZ ugha gks ldrkA og tkurk gS fd
HkDr dk j{kd loZyksd's oj gSA HkDr u Mjs rks dq'ky_ fdUrq dgha Mj gh d#.kkfuf/k egkRek cqº oS'kkyh osG lqÁflº Jhiky
x;k rks mldk laj{kd Mjkus okys dks {kek djuk ugha tkurkA uxj esa Áopu dj jgs FksA ,d ftKklq us Á'u djrs gq,
e/kq&fcUnq % 4 dgkµflizHkks! vkids mins'kksa ij vey de yksx djrs
gSa] ysfdu vki fQj Hkh fujk'k ugha gksrsA ,slk D;ksa gS\fi
,d ;qod dbZ fnuksa ls o`º lk/kq ds lehi vkdj gB dj jgk Fkkµ
^esjk eu ugha yxrkA dksbZ lk/ku crykb;sA dksbZ mik; dhft;sA rFkkxr us lgt Hkko ls le>k;k] ^oRl! lq/kkjd dk
^eSa o`º gks x;kA esjh bPNk dqfV;k cukus dh gSA* lk/kq us ,d fnu dŸkZO; lUekxZ dh Ásj.kk nsuk gS] ysfdu lQyrk dk
dgkµ^rqe FkksMh+ &lh Hkwfe eq>s ns nksA* ewY;kadu djuk ughaA ftUgsa lQyrk dh dkeuk gksrh gS]
^esjs ikl Hkwfe ugha gSA* ;qod us uezrkiwoZd izkFkZuk dhµ^eSa viuh os okLrfod lq/kkjd ugha gksrsA
'kfDr ds vuqlkj vkfFkZd lgk;rk d:°xkA*
104 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 105

gS] nfyr gS] R;‰ gS] mldk dksbZ D;k vieku djsxk\ mldk R;kx vkSj
[k.M&3 % HkkojkT; frjLdkj djus dks mlosG ikl jgk D;k \
eq>s vkSj vieku dk Hk;!!
HkkojkT;&1 (gksxk D;k\) dksbZ vÁlÈk gksrk gks rks gks tk;sA ftls ÁlUu gksuk gS og Hkh viuh
Ák.kksa dh Bsl cqjh gksrh gSA ÁlUurk vius lehi gh j[ksA eq>s ÁlUu gksdj bl lqugys liZ us fn;k
Hk; dk lhek dks ikj dj tkuk lkgl gks tkrk gS vkSj d"V dk vius D;k\ cU/ku] fo"k vkSj e`R;qA
vk;r dk vfrÿe.k dj tkuk nok gks tkuk gSA bl fo"kSys I;kj ls fo/kkrk cpkosaA
irk ugha fQj D;k gksxk\ yksx g°lxs ]s ?k`.kk djsax]s fuUnk djsax\
s
'kCnksa osG tky ls nwjµLi"Vr% crk nw° fd esjs O;fFkr vUrj dk HkS;k! mu yksxksa us vc rd fd;k D;k gS\ esjs lkFk D;k mldk ;g
fody foÊksg rqEgkjs fy, vPNk ugha gksxkA uohu O;ogkj gksxk\ mudh LokFkZHkjh Á'kalk osG xhrksa ls d.kZoqGgj id
feV tkuk Hkh feÍh esa ,d vFkZ j[krk gSA pqoGs gSaA eSa mudh yqHkkouh ygj esa yqV pqdk gSaA
D;k ikvksxs viuh 'kqHkz ;'kT;ksRluk dks dy¡ dh dkfyek ls muosG fy, yx djosG vc ;gk° rd rks fxjk!
dyqf"kr djosG\ blosG vfrfj‰ nwljk dksbZ ifj.kke gksus dk ughaA ifjikd ,d ckr gksxhµrqe ekuks ;k u ekuks] ij yksx rqEgkjs fy, Hkh g°lasxAs
dh Árh{kk fÁ; ugha gksxhA os esjh ughaµrqEgkjh g°lh djsxa As rqEgkjk foiqy foÇkl rjy /kkjk esa rwy&lk
eSa Hkh rqEgkjs NwNs tx dk ,d lhdj gw°A cg tkosxkA dksbZ ekuuk Hkh u pkgsxk rqedks!
de&ls&de cq>rk gqvk ;g nhi ,d /kq;as dh {kh.k js[kk NksM+ ^rqe Hkh ,d vkfJr dks u mckj losG!*
tk;xk vkSj og rqEgkjsa mTToy vapy esa ,d vfeV Nki yxk nsxhA fo'o ;gh djkuk pkgrs gks rks cM+h ÁlUurkA
dh dksbZ 'kf‰ bldk Áfrokn ;k Áfrjks/k dj ugha ldrhA rqe eq>s O;FkZ esa Hkhfr dh Nk;k ls HkzkUr djuk pkgrs gksA Hkyk esjk vc
fo'o esjs Ák.kksa esa LifUnr gksrk gSA vkSj gksxk D;k\ gk°µrqe vius dks ns[k ldks rks ns[kksµfQj ,d ckj ns[kksA
foÇ rqEgkjk gSµ;g ftruk 'kqHkz lR; gS] mruk gh ;g Hkh fd og esjh ifj.kke ij igq°pus ls iwoZ iqu% ns[kksA
dYiuk dh ÿksMh+ esa iyrk gSA mls esjk vuqeksnu djuk gksxkA π π π
thou dk xq#okj mlosG flj Hkh rks gSA oqGN gkFk ugha vkosxk!
lkspus esa rqe leFkZ gksµpkgs tks lksp ldrs gksA ij bruk Lej.k jguk esjh mis{kk rqe ugha dj ldrsA eq>ls nwj ps"Vk djosG Hkh ugha jg
pkfg, fd O;Fkk dh dld lwuh ugha ykSVrhA rqe mls 'kkar dj ldrs gks ldrsA :Bus vkSj eukus dk dksbZ Á'u ughaA eq>s rks vius ikl ysuk gksxkA
foaGrq og JkUr ugha gksrhA u ysuk pkgks rks HkhA
fQj lkspuk pkgks rks lkspksA csckr dk v;'k D;ksa ysrs gks\
π π π bl mis{kk dh mRifŸk bruh gh gSA blosG vfrfj‰ oqGN ughaA
esjk Hkyk D;k gks ldrk gS\ ÁTTofyr Á.k; esa Ák.kksa dh vkgqfr rqEgkjs fnO; Ádk'k esa y; gksdj
rqEgkjs bl txr~ us eq>s lEeku fn;k gh dc Fkk\ tks lnk dk frjLœr jgsxhA dksbZ Hkh Á;kl mls vkyksd esa igq°pus ls ihNs ugha Bsy ldrkA ;g
106 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 107

lc vkukdkuh /kjh jg tkosxh bl mTToy cfynku osG lEeq[kA dks viukdj rqEgkjh fnO;rk muesa vkSj pkSxquh ped mBsxhA xhys mn~xkjksa
dHkh ck°/k us Hkh lkxj dks ck°/kk gS\ dk migkj rqEgsa 'kSR; Ánku dj lq[k igq°pkus dh lkexzh cusxkA
bl f{kfrt dh vU/k ;ofudk dks phjdj fu%'oklksa dh Tokyk esa vUr esa Hkh vkgqfr dh vfXu ;g djk nsxhA
yhu vUrj rqEgkjs Jhpj.kksa rd igq°p tk;xkA ek;k dh eerk dk ;g ;g ekudh fj‰ eerk fdlfy, fQj rqeus viuk;h gS\ bl :B vkSj
rqfUny cU/ku mls ck°/kus esa leFkZ ughaA jkj ls rM+ikus esa dkSu&lh r`fIr dk rqe vuqHko djrs gks\ fdl vk/kkj ij
vLohdkj dj ldksxs rc\ ;g gS mis{kk dh mYyflr me¬\
fcUnq dks mBkdj lkxj us i`Fkd isaGd fn;k fQj \------- lkspksµblls gksxk D;k\
jfo dh jf'e;ksa esa viuh vkgqfr nsdj tc og lfjrk osG mŸkq¬ Áokg
ds :i esa mNyk gqvk vk;k------ HkkojkT;&2 (nkmG dk migkj)
D;ksa] flj >qdkdj v¡ esa ysuk iM+k u \ ^eS;k! eSa duwa dks dy D;k nw°\* vkt HkkÊ œ".k v"Veh gSA czt esa
tkurs gksµvr`Ir {kqÊrk dk cfynku nwljs 'kCnksa esa vuUr dgk tkrk ';ke lqUnj dh o"kZxk°B rks uoeh dks euk;h tkrh gSA dy dUgkbZ dks lc
gSA fojkV~ dk bruk gh okLrfod vFkZ gSA vius migkj nsaxAs cM+s xksiksa us] xksfi;ksa us vkSj fd'kksjksa us Hkh eghuksa igys
rc eq>s ;gh djuk gksxk! rqEgsa dksjk vi;'k ysus ls D;k ykHk\ blls ls vk;kstu ÁkjEHk dj fn;k gSA vius migkjksa dh oLrq,° lkspus] l°tksus esa
gksxk D;k\ gh b/kj mudk vf/kdka'k le; x;k gSA ^œ".k D;k ikdj ÁlÈk gksxk*µczt
π π π osG tu&tu dh fufÊr iyosaG fu'khFk esa Hkh vktdy ;gh LoIu ns[krh
rqe bu my>uksa esa ugha iM+uk pkgrs \ jgh gSaA ysfdu ;g nkmG gS u\ bls lkspus vkSj vk;kstu djus ls tSls fp<+
er iM+kµ s lR; dgus okyk fÁ; fdls yxrk gSA fo'ks'kdj rqEgsa D;ksa gSA ;g rks tks djuk gks mls le; ij gh djsxkA bldk lkspuk vkSj djuk
;s [kjh ckrsa vPNh yxrha\ rqEgsa rks lwuh Lrqfr;k° lquuk vPNk yxsxkA lkFk&lkFk pyrk gSA dy dUgkbZ dh o"kZxk°B gSA vkt lk;adky vius
lts&ltk;s 'kCnksa esa lqgkous <¬ lsA migkj ltkdj j[k nsuk pkgrk gSA xkspkj.k ls ykSVrs gh ;g eS;k ;'kksnk
;g eq>ls gksus ls jgkA dh xksn esa tk cSBk gS vkSj viuk migkj fuf'pr dj ysuk pkgrk gSA
okLrfodrk ls nwjµbu ljy Lrksrkvksa dks LokfFkZ;ksa us cgqr nwj ^rqe tks pkgs ns nks!* eS;k dks rks tSls vkt f=yksdh dk lkezkT; blh
okLrfodrk ls Mky fn;kA ;s lksprs gSa rqe brus lqyHk vkSj lq'khy gksA {k.k feyk gSA mldk Loj xn~xn~ gks mBk gSA œ".k dk ek°xuk] :Buk]
lqxerk ls ikus dh lEHkkouk us buosG lPps fopkj dks lqyk fn;kA epyuk rks lgt LoHkko gSA fdUrq nkmG oqGN dHkh ek°xµ s eS;k dh tSls
muesa Hkh oqGN&eq>&ls fudysaxAs tUe&tUe dh ykylk lQy gks xbZ gSA oSls rks nkmG osG fy, oqGN ek°xus
Bksdjsa yxus ij lHkh dks lw>rk gSA vUr esa os Hkh viuh Hkwy le> iwNus dh vko';drk dHkh czt esa fdlh ?kj esa gksxh] ;g dYiuk gh
ysaxAs vkMEcj esa lR; fNik FkksMs+ jgrk gSA ew[kZrk gS] czt mlh dk rks gSµvkSj uUn&Hkouµysfdu ;g xqelqe Ák;%
rc D;k gksxk\ jgus okyk uhykEcj/kkjh Lo.kZ xkSjµvkt blus oqGN eq°g [kksydj ek°xk
esjk mÌhIr mnkgj.k rqEgkjs fy, vPNk gksxk\ rksA eS;k us mYyflr gksdj vius d.B dk jRugkj fudkykµ^rqe bls gkj
ÁkFkZuk lqudj eku ysus esa dksbZ gkfu rks Árhr ugha gksrhA vkÊZ vJqvksa dks ns nks vius NksVs HkkbZ dks!*
108 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 109

^duwa bls ysdj ÁlÈk gksxk\* nkmG us ,d {k.k flj >qdkdj lkspk mldk vuqt Hkkstu djus ls jgkA vc vf/kd nsj rd Hkkstu djuk Vkyk
mlus gkj Nqvk gh ughaA ^rw bls igu ys!* eS;k dh xksn ls viuh /kqu esa og ugha tk ldrkA migkj ugha feyk_ ugha t°prkA vc nkmG us NksVs HkkbZ ls
mB [kM+k gqvkA iwNuk fuf'pr fd;k gSA
^rqe tks nksxs mlh ls rqEgkjk NksVk HkkbZ ÁlÈk gks tk;xk!* eS;k g°l iM+hA ^eSµa eSa D;k ywx° k\* dUgkbZ us cM+s vkuUn ls cM+s HkkbZ osG eq[k dh vksj
nkmG ,d uUgk iq"i mBkdj ';ke dh vydksa esa yxk ns rks og ukp mBsxk ns[kk vkSj viuh nksuksa Hkqtk,° Mky nha vxzt osG d.B esµ a ^eSa rq>s ywx° k!*
ÁlÈkrk lsA vius vxzt dh eqVB~ h ls iM+h dU/ks ij dh /kwfy ls rks og rc ^rw ,slk gh gS!* nkmG g°l iM+kA ;g Hkh dksbZ ckr gSA nkmG duwa&dk gS
f[ky&f[kyk mBrk Fkk] tc mls cksyuk rd ugha vkrk FkkA nkmG oqGN nsxk dc ugha fd duaw mls ysxkA ysfdu ;g ';ke lqUnj Hkw[kk gSA vc bls
vkSj duwa mlls ÁlÈk ugha gksxkµysfdu vkt nkmG dks oqGN vn~Hkqr /kqu gSA Hkkstu djuk pkfg;sA NksVs HkkbZ dk gkFk idM+k mlusµ^vPNk py]
eS;k dh ckr ij /;ku nsus dk mlosG ikl le; ughaA dy mlosG NksVs HkkbZ Hkkstu dj ysaA lcsjs eSa viuk migkj <w<°wxk!*
dk tUe fnu gSA ,slk D;k nsa og migkj esa vius vuqt dks ftlls lpeqp cgqr nsj rd fdlh my>u esa iM+s jguk nkmG osG LoHkko ls ckgj dh
';ke f[ky mBs\ nkmG O;Lr gks mBk gSA og eS;k ds ikl ls nkSM+ x;k gSA ckr gSA vc og Hkkstu djsxk vius vuqt osG lkFk vkSj lks tk;sxkA
^duwa bls ysdj ÁlÈk gksxk\* cM+k fodV Á'u gSA vkt nkmG dk migkj rks dy nsuk gS u] dy mldh fpUrk og dj ysxkA
‚n; dgha ^gk°* ugha dj jgk gSA mlus oL=kxkj osG oL=ksa dk vEckj oaGl ozGw j gS vR;kpkjh gS vkSj mlosG vuqpj ;g rks ,d 'kk'or fu;e gS
myV&iqyV dj fn;k] jRu&jkf'k fc[ksj ekjh] v'oksa ij n`f"V Mky yh fd lRiFk ij dksbZ leFkZ pys rks mlosG vuqxr Hkh ml vksj pyus dk Á;Ru
vkSj vc xks&nksgu osG nks ?kM+h ihNs xkS'kkyk esa vk [kM+k gqvk gSA djrs gSAa ;fn Lokeh Ák.k&Á.k ls /keZ dk ikyu djs rks lsod Hkh oqGN u oqGN
^dksbZ xk;\ dksbZ piy cNM+k\ dksbZ mŸkq¬ o`"kHk\* ;g er iwfN;s /kekZpj.k djrs gh gS]a fdUrq ;fn v/kh'oj vU;k;] vR;kpkj] mRihM+u osG
fd ;s lc rks dUgkbZ osG gh gSa] fQj mUgsa nsus dk D;k vFkZ\ czt esa vkSj oqGiFk ij pysµmlosG vuqpj ml ekxZ ij nkSM+ yxkus yxrs gSAa Lokeh
fo'o esa gh dUgkbZ dk D;k ugha gS\ dUgkbZ dks dksbZ nwljs dh oLrq dgk° fdlh dks vFkZ&n.M nsus dks dgs rks lsod ykr&?kwl ° ksa ls iwtk Hkh dj vkrs
ls nsxkA vukfndky ls ^Ronh;a oLrq xksfoUna rqH;eso leiZ;sr* dk gSAa oaGl osG vuqpj rks jk{kl gSAa muosG vR;kpkj dh dgha dksbZ lhek ughaA
ÿe py jgk gSA dUgkbZ gS gh ,slk nsorkA mls ÁlÈkrk gh gksrh gS blls fd ozwGj oaGl vius firk egkjkt mxzlus dks cUnhx`g esa Mkydj eFkqjk dk
dksbZ mlh dk iVqdk] mlh dk yoqGV] mlh dh ouekyk] mlh dh dksbZ oLrq vf/kifr cu cSBk gSA og tUe dk nqnZeµolqnos th dh vkdk'k esa mM+
gkFk esa ysdj dgsµ^duwa* ;g rsjk migkj! rw bls ysxk\* dUgkbZ rks ukp tkus okyh dU;k us tcls mls crk;k fd mldks ekjus okyk dgha mRiÈk gks
mBsxk g"kZ lsA og dHkh ugha ifgpku ikrkµdHkh ifgpkuuk ugha pkgrk x;k gS] rHkh ls og tSls ikxy gks mBk gSA mldk ekjus okykµvc ;g
fd og oLrq mlh dh gSA fQj czt esa nkmG vkSj œ".k dk c°Vk D;k gSA ckr oqGN cgqr lkspus le>us dh ugha gSA D;k ;g Hkh crkuk gksxk fd
ysfdu nkmG dk eu dgha gk°] tks ugha dgrkA og pkj ?kM+h ls O;Lr gS vkSj mlosG yksd fot;h egkHkV dgk° tkdj fQj eFkqjk ugha ykSVrs\ fdl
dksbZ migkj pqu ugha ldkA lqoqGekj djksa dh ÿhM+k oaGl osG vlqjksa dh diky&fÿ;k djrh jgrh gSa]
^duwa! dy rw D;k ysxk\* ;g Hkh ,d iºfr rks gSA ekrk jksfg.kh ;g rks eFkqjk dk cPpk Hkh tkurk gS] ysfdu dgkor gS u ^Bksdj yxS
O;xz gks jgh gSa] eS;k iqdkj dj Fkdh tk jgh gS] ckck dbZ ckj iqpdkj dj igkM+ ij QksMS+ ?kj dh fly* czt ij cl ugha pyrk rks vlqjksa us nwjLFk
vuqjks/k dj pqoGs vkSj ;g dUgkbZ Hkh Hkw[kk gSA nkmG Hkkstu u djs rks xksiksa osG xzkeksa ij viuk ÿks/k mrkjuk ÁkjEHk dj fn;k gSA
110 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 111

yxHkx nl o"kZ dk nqcyk] xksjk lqUnj xksioqGekjµcspkjs dh dNuh xksi djrs FksA fdruh mRdV ykylk Fkh mlosG eu esa uUnxk°o ns[kus dh]
Hkh dk°Vksa esa my>dj QV xbZ gSA 'kjhj esa LFkku&LFkku ij [kjksaps vk;h lcsjk gks tk; rks og fdlh ls ogk° dk ekxZ iwNAs lquk gS cztjkt osG ikl
gSaA foifŸk dk ekjk ckydµfody dey tSls ikys ls oqGEgyk x;k gksA djksMk+ as xk;sa gSa] os mls viuk Xokfj;k vo'; cuk ysaxAs
/kwfy ls tjk 'kjhj diksyksa ij vk°lw dh js[kk,° lw[k xbZ gSaA us= yky gks jgs JkafrµuUgk ckyd yxHkx iwjh jkf= HkVdk gS ou esaA Fkd dj
gSa] iyosaG ty mBh gSa vkSj iSjksa esa fdrus dk°Vs pqHks vkSj VwVs ckyd osG eu mldk 'kjhj pwj&pwj gks jgk gSA Ák.k dk Hk;µos fi'kkpµmudk vÍgklµ
esa ;g ckr gh ugha vkrhA rfud vkgV gksrh gS vkSj og pkSad iM+rk mls yxrk gS fd oaGl osG ozwGj jk{kl mls idM+us nkSMs+ vk jgs gSaA og dgha
gSµ^vlqj rks ugha vk;s!* nks {k.k dks #d ugha ikrkA ysfdu ;g vpkud D;k gks x;k! mldh
nl o"kZ dk ckydµvius xk°o ls ckgj Hkh ugha fudyk ogA ?kksj& Jkafr] mldk Hk;] mldh O;koqGyrkµmlosG eu vkSj 'kjhj esa ;g vn~Hkqr
vU/kdkj] es/kkPNÈk&xxu vkSj ou dk chgM+ iFk] ysfdu vkt ou i'kqvksa ifjorZu D;ksa gks jgk gS\ mls rks vc FkdkoV tku gh ugha iM+rhA
dh vis{kk mls euq";ksa ls vf/kd Hk; yxrk gSA dgk° tk jgk gS og\ ftl ^eSa dgk° vk x;k\* Ákr%dkyhu >qViqV Ádk'k esa mlus tks oqGN
ou esa viuk gkFk rd ugha lw>rk] mlesa og dgk° tk;sxkµdgha tkuk gSA ns[kkµns[krk jg x;kA brus lqUnj o`{k] bruh lqUnj yrk,°µog Hkh rks xksi
nwjµdgha nwj fudy tkuk gS] dgha tkuk Hkh gS] ;g rks lcsjk gksus ij oqGekj gS] ou esa og Hkh rks ?kwek gSµbrus lqjfHkr iq"i] brus lqjE; Qy vkSj
lkspus dh ckr gSA D;k ;gk° dh yrk,° iq"iksa ls gh cuh gS\ a ;gk° osG o`{kksa osG D;k iŸks Hkh Qy nsrs
oaGl osG jk{klksa us lU/;k osG le; xzke dks ?ksj dj vfXu yxk nhA mu gS\
a ou bruk lqUnj gksrk gS\ ;s ou i'kq rks mls ns[kdj pkSd a rs rd ughaA e`x
fi'kkpksa dk og vV~VgklA cspkjk ckyd ou ls xk;sa pjk dj ykSV jgk dk ;g 'kkod mls lw?° kus gh vk x;kµdgk° vk x;k og!
FkkA yiVsa] phRdkj vlqjksa dk vV~Vgklµmls ugha irk xk;ksa dk D;k gqvk og nkSMr+ k] mNyrk vkSj ukprkµ;g fnO; Hkwfe] fdUrq mldk xzke
vkSj lkFkh dgk° x;sA ou dh vksj D;k og viuh psruk esa Hkkxk Fkk\ jkf= mlosG ekrk&firk] os vlqj mlosG us=ksa ls /kkjk,° pyus yxhaA og iwGV&iwGV
dk vU/kdkj iSGyus ij og fQj ykSVk FkkA D;k Fkk ogk° ykSVus dks! iwjk dj jksus yxkA
xk°o /kw&/kw djosG ty jgk FkkA HkLe gksrs 'kjhjksa dh nqxZfU/k us ok;q dks ^;g D;k LoxZ gS! LoxZ rks mGij vkdk'k esa gSa!* Ádk'k iSGyk vkSj nwj
'okl ysus ;ksX; Hkh ugha j[kk FkkA mldk ?kj] mlosG ekrk&firk---cspkjk tks oqGN fn[kkbZ iM+kµckyd tgk° dk rgk° [kM+k jg x;kA mlus nsorkvksa
ckyd ewfNZr gksdj fxj iM+k FkkA osG LoxZ dh ckr cgqr lquh gSaA ysfdu LoxZ esa dksbZ bl Ádkj pydj
^xk;sa Hkkx xb±\ lkFkh Hkkx x;s\* ckyd dh psruk us dgkA ^Hkxoku igq°p ldrk gs] ;g D;k ekuus dh ckr gS\ ;g tks uxj mls nh[k jgk
djsa os vkxs gh gksaA muosG Ák.k cp tk;°* pkjksa vksj ?kksj vU/kdkj iSGyk Fkk gSµi`Foh ij ,slk ou vkSj ,sls uxj Hkh gksrs gSaµ;g rks fo'okl djus dh
vkSj ckyd dks yxrk Fkk fd oaGl osG fi'kkp mls idM+us fQj vk jgs gSaA ckr gh ugha gSA
og Hkh Hkkxkµou esa Hkkxk vkSj Hkkxrk pyk x;kA fxjrk&iM+rk] Bksdjsa ^LoxZ&LoxZ gh gS ;g!* xksi oqGekj osG us= tSls fLFkj gks x;sA og lw[ks
[kkrk] dk°Vksa vkSj yrkvksa esa my>rk og Hkkxrk jgkA vc Hkkxus dh 'kf‰ dk"B dh Hkk°fr Hkwfe ij fxj iM+kA uhykEcj osf"Br jRukHkj.k Hkwf"kr ;s
ugha gS] blhfy;s py jgk gSA dksbZ Hkyk fdruh nsj nkSM+ ldrk gSA T;ksfreZ; nsork gh rks mlosG ikl nkSMs+ vk jgs gSaA
^cztµczt tk;sxk!* cztjkt uUnth dh mnkjrk dk o.kZu djrs ^rw dkSu gS\ mB! py esjs lkFk!* ml fd'kksj nsork us nksuksa Hkqtkvksa esa
mlosG firk Fkdrs ugha FksA czt dh lqUnjrk dk o.kZu mlosG xk°o osG lHkh Hkj ysuk pkgk mlsA
112 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 113

^eSa vukFk gw°! esjk ?kj---------* og cksy ugha ik jgk gSA mlosG us= >j os fpfUrr gks mBhaµ^dc ykSVxs k og! dgk° x;k\* nkmG dk D;k fBdkukA
jgs gSaA nsork osG Jhpj.k og vius vJqvksa ls gh /kks nsuk pkgrk gSA og viuh /kqu dk ,d gh gSA vc migkj fy;s fcuk og ykSVus ls jgk vkSj
^py vk esjs lkFk!* ^nsork dks mldk uke ugha tkuuk] ifjp; vkSj mlosG eu dk migkj dc vkSj dgk° feysxkµdkSu dg ldrk gSA
xzke Hkh ugha tkuukA nsork tc fdlh ij œik djrs gSµ a ifjp; dgk° ^eSa nknk osG ikl tkm°Gxk!* œ".kpUÊ ;g dgsxk] ;g rks ifgys ls fuf'pr
visf{kr gksrk gS mUgsAa n;ke; nsorkµHkyk nsork ls fNik D;k jg ldrk gSA gSA vius vxzt osG fcuk ;g dUgkbZ ;gk° fVdus ls jgkA vc blls dysmG djus
mldk d.B vo#º gSA og u cksy ikrk] u lksp ikrkA mls rks tSls dks dguk O;FkZ gSA cM+s HkkbZ osG fcuk ;g Hkkstu osG fy, cSBus ls jgkA vkt
;s n;ke; nsork ?klhVs fy;s tk jgs gSa vius lkFkA ;s nsork&nsork dks Ákr% ls iwtukfn esa yxs jgus osG dkj.k blus u nw/k fi;k] u eD[ku [kk;k vkSj
NksMd + j ;g :i&jkf'k] ;g vn~Hkqr rst vkSj ;g vikj n;k Hkyk vkSj vc ;g ou&ou irk ugha dgk° HkVosGxkµHkVosGxk ghµbls jksdk ugha tk
fdlh esa dgk° lEHko gSA ldrk&nkmG ;gk° ugha gS rks ;g #d Hkh oSGls ldrk gSAa
^nknk! nknk! dgk° x;k nkmG nknk!* ';kelqUnj vius cM+s HkkbZ dks ^nkmG nknk vk jgk gS! og vk jgk gS!* uUgk rksd ?kj ls fudy x;k
iqdkj jgk gS vkSj b/kj ls m/kj <w°<+ jgk gSA vkt Jhœ".kpUÊ dh vn~Hkqr FkkA og nkSM+ x;k Fkk xzke ls ckgj dh vksj nkmG dks ns[kus vkSj vc nksuksa
'kksHkk gSA eS;k us mldk Hkjiwj ‹k`¬kj fd;k gSA Hkky ij egf"kZ 'kkf.MY; gkFk fgykrs mNyrs og vk;k gSµfdruk lqUnj lUns'k ys vk;k gS ogA
us oaqGoqGe dk fryd yxk fn;k gS vkSj ml ij pkj&ik°p v{kr fpiosG gSaA ^dgk° gS nkmG\* eS;k us rksd dks xksn esa mBk fy;k vkSj og Lo;a }kj
jRukHkj.k vaxdkfUr ls uhykHk cu x;s gSaA rd vk xbZA eS;k osG lkFk xksfi;ksa dk lewg vk x;k }kj rdA
^nknk!* eksgu us lHkh xq#tuksa dks Ákf.kikr dj fy;k gSA egf"kZ ^og vk jgk gS! og D;k ,d yM+oGs dks idM+s fy;s vk jgk gS!* rksd
'kkf.MY; cM+s lcsjs gh Ωf"k;ksa osG lkFk uUn&Hkou vk x;s FksA gou&nso us gkFk iSGykdj fn[kk;k vkSj og eS;k dh xksn ls mrj iM+kA mls Hkh rks
iwtukfn dc dk lekIr gks pqdk gSA dUgkbZ us ,d&,d foÁksa dks nkmG nknk osG ikl nkSM+ tkuk gSA
foÁ&ifRu;ksa dks o`º&xksi ,oa xksfi;ksa dks Á.kke dj fy;k gSA rc og ^nknk!* pj.kksa osG uwiqj] dfV dh es[kyk >qu>qu dj jgh gS] eLrd ls
vius vxzt dh oUnuk djuk pkgrk gSA dU/kksa vkSj ihB rd /kq/kjkjh vyosaG iqGnd jgh gSA o{k ij eq‰keky ,oa
nkmG!* eS;k ;'kksnk vkSj ekrk jksfg.kh O;Lr gks xbZ gSaA ;g nkmG dgk° ouekyk ÿhM+k dj jgh gSA dUgkbZ nkSMk+ tk jgk gSA ;|fi nwljs ckyd Hkh
pyk x;k\ vkt xkspkj.k osG fy;s rks mls tkuk ugha gSA og rks dUgkbZ osG mlosG ihNs nkSM+ jgs gSa] ijUrq og lcosG vkxs&lcls rhoz xfr ls nkSMk+ tk
tUe&u{k= osG fnu Hkh ou esa ugha tkrkA rc xksickyd rks ;gha gSa] fQj jgk gSA
og x;k dgk°\ ^nknk! dgk° pyk x;k Fkk rw\ eSa dc ls rq>s <w°<+ jgk gw°!* fudV
^nkmG!* ckck }kj ls ckgj vkdj iqdkjus yxs gSaA ;g xksi dgrk gS igq°prs igq°prs g°lrs gq, dUgkbZ us mikyEHk fn;kA ;g dksbZ ckr gS fd
fd blus vosGys nkmG dks vHkh FkksMh+ nsj ifgys ou&lhek dh vksj tkrs ';ke cM+s HkkbZ dks Áf.kikr djus dks mRlqd gks vkSj ;g nkmG dgha
ns[kk gSµou lhek dh vksj\ vosGys og ou esa D;ksa x;k\ f[kld tk;!
^mls dksbZ migkj ugha feyk vius NksVs HkkbZ dks nsus osG fy,!* ekrk ^mB! vjs mB rks!* ekxZ dh /kwfy esa eksgu vius vxzt osG pj.kksa esa
jksfg.kh dks lglk Lej.k vk;kA ^ou esa og migkj <w°<u+ s x;k gS!* eLrd j[kdj ?kqVuksa osG cy eqMd + j cSB x;k gSA nkmG >qddj nksuksa gkFkksa
^gs Hkxoku~!* eS;k ;'kksnk ds v/kjksa ij fLer vk;k] fdUrq nwljs {k.k gh mls mBkuk pkgrk gS] fdUrq og rks mBus dk uke gh ugha ysrkA og rks tSls
114 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 115

Á.kke djrs >qdk gh jguk pkgrk gS cM+s HkkbZ osG lkeusA LoHkko cu x;k gSA blosG fcuk jgk tkrk ughaA
^ns[k eSa rsjs fy;s oSGlk migkj yk;k gw°A ysxk bls\* nkmG us NksVs HkkbZ rqe vius eu dh djrs jgksA
dks mBk fy;k ;k migkj dk uke lqudj ';ke Lo;a mB x;kµdguk ;fn eSa rqEgsa iqdkjrk rqEgkjh n;k osG fy,] œik osG fy,] rqEgsa cqykus
dfBu gSA /kwfy luh vyosaG ukfldkxz] Hkky vkSj ?kqVus dk ihrkEcjµ osG fy, rks D;k rqe ,slk djrs\ feyrh eq>s og n;k\ i/kkjrs rqe dHkh
ouekyk ij /kwfy dh vn~Hkqr NVk vkSj Hkj fy;k gS vc nkmG us vius NksVs bl nhu osG nfjÊ vUrj esa\
HkkbZ dks viuh nksuksa Hkqtkvksa esaA eq>s vk'kk dh ,d fdj.k Hkh rks ugha nh[krh!
^rw bls l[kk cukosxk\* nkmG osG ihNs fBBdk [kM+k ckydµog nh[ks Hkh oSGls\ rqeus dHkh vkSj fdlh iqdkjus okys ij n;k dh gS\
cspkjk LrfEHkr gSA le> gh ugha ikrk fd bl nsorkvksa osG uxj esa og oSGls fdlh osG vkoqGy vJqvksa dh v¥tfy Lohdkj djus i/kkjs gks\ fdlh dk
vk x;k vkSj vc D;k djs\ eukseqoqGj eqoqGfyr gqvk gS rqEgkjs in ÁkUr osG Ádk'k ls\
^nknk!* dUgkbZ us ckyd dh vksj ns[kkµnhu cU/kq osG fy, cU/kq esjs fy, rqe uohu cu tkvksxs µ s oSGls eku yw°!
tSlk migkj Hkyk mlosG nknk dks NksMd + j vkSj dkSu ns ldrk gSA π π π
^rw esjs nknk dk migkj gS!* ';ke us ckyd dk gkFk idM+kA viuk iVqdk esjs dgus dk rkRi;Z ugha le>sA
mlosG dU/ks ij j[k fn;kA viuh ouekyk vkSj jRugkj mlosG d.B esa Mkys vkSj eSa dc dgrk gw° fd rqe vkrs ughaa rqe vkrs gks vkSj Hkyh Ádkj vkrs
gkFk idM+kµmldkµ^py vk esjs lkFk! vc ;gk° ls Hkkxuk erh!* gksA rqEgkjs vkus dks dksbZ vLohkj dj ldrk gSA
^nknk! ';ke ckj&ckj eqMd + j ns[krk gSA fdruk vPNk gS mldk vius cl esa vkrs gks D;k\
nknkA fdruk vuqie gS mlosG nknk dk migkjA rqe vkrs gksµ[khap fy;s tkrs gks vkSj og ukp upk;s tkrs gks fd
rqEgkjh loZ'kf‰eŸkk JkUr gks dgha 'k;u djus eqpoq Gq Un osG leku fxfj&xqgk
HkkojkT;&3 (er vkvks) dk vUos"k.k djus yxrh gS!
;fn lEHko gks rks er vkvks ek/ko! D;k n;k dj vkrs gks rqe\
iqdkjuk esjk dke gS] eSa iqdkjs fcuk jg ugha ldrkA dfyr Ωrqjkt vPNh n;k gSµjksr&s jksrs us= lwt tkrs gSa] thou ty tkrk gS] lalkj
dks n`f"V iFk esa ikdj dksfdy dk LoHkko gks tkrk gS owGdukA bls vkxzg 'e'kku gks tkrk gS] ij og n;k Êfor ugha gksrh! foaGrq ,d vD[kM+ vdM+
;k vuqjks/k ugha dgk tk ldrkA tkrk gS ^,sls k gksdj jgsxkµeSa ;k rqe* rc lc uV[kViu gok gks tkrk gSA
esjk ;g LoHkko gSA ihNs&ihNs nkSMs+ ?kwers gks!
rqe ij dksbZ vkHkkj ugha] dksbZ midkj ughaA vr`Ir pkrd lwus xxu dh HkkbZ yTtk cpkus osG fy, n;k cM+s dke dh gSA
vksj Hkh ns[krk vkSj Vsj yxkrk gSA fo'kky okfjf/k dh me¬ mls ck/; djrh fdruh n;k Fkhµekjs ck.kksa osG v¬ j‰ dh Nyuh cu x;s rks ÁfrKk
gS iw.kZpUÊ dh vksj mBus osG fy,A oSls blls u dksbZ ykHk gS vkSj u vk'kk! dh vUR;sf"V djosG ml o`º firkeg ij pÿ ys nkSM!s+ n;k rks rc gksrh
,slk gh oqGN esjs lEcU/k esa Hkh---------------- fd mldh fdj.k nfyr nksuksa ij Hkh iM+rhA
rqe lquksx]s rqEgsa n;k vk;sxh rqe oqGN vkÊZ gksax]s blosG fy, eSaus rqEgsa vr% jgus nks viuh n;kµeq>s ugha pkfg;sA
dHkh iqdkjk gS\ eq>s rqels ,slh vk'kk gh ughaaA ij d:° D;kµ;g esjk esjh iqdkj ij n;k djus dh vko';drk ughaA vfXu ij dHkh œik
116 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 117

er djuk! eSa fHk[kkjh ughaµeSa rqels oqGN nku ugha pkgrk tks rqe n;k π π π
djksxs! dksbZ ugha jksd ldrk foÇ dh dksbZ Hkh 'kf‰A
tks esjs LoRo gSa mUgsa Lor% ys yw°xkA ;g vfojy vJq/kkjk Iykfor gksrh jgsxh] fu%Çklksa dh ;g rh[kh
jksduk pkgks rks jksdksµ'kf‰ Hkj eq>s mlls oafpr dj ns[kksA fu>kZfj.kh vkSj >werh jgsaxh ;s ixyh osnuk,° Ák.kksa osG ÁTofyr >wyksa ijA
pqukSrh gS ,d nhu dh nhucU/kq! tks tyrk gks ty tk;µtks fxjrk gks fxj tk;!
π π π th.kZ thou dh D;k vklf‰] lM+s lalkj dh D;k vko';drkA
eSa fdlh dk vkHkkjh gksuk ugha pkgrkµrqEgkjk Hkh ugha! vius gkFkksa vius foÇ dks fonh.kZ djus esa u osnuk gS vkSj u fodyrkA
viuh mnkj œik vius ikl j[kksA vlQyrk dh Bksdjksa ls tks pwj gksrk gks mls gksus nsus esa eq>s dksbZ ck/kk ughaA
esjs ;gk° og pky ugha pyus dhA ogk° œik dh vksV esa viuh ‚n; dks gkFkksa esa ysdj elyrs gq, eSa c<+rk tkrk gw°A
foo'krk ugha fNik ldksxAs eq>s ns[kuk gSµrqees fdruk lkj gSA rqEgkjh gB dh gn dgk° rd gSA
Á.k;h Ák.kksa dh vkgqfr gSµNwNk ik[k.Mh tx dk I;kj ughaA dc rd pyrk gS rqEgkjk ;g egkurk dk eku!
eq> ij midkj djksxs ;fn i/kkjksxs bl 'kqfp lqjfHk ls lkS"Bo dk rqe vkvksxµ s nkSMs+ gq, vkvksxAs
lqLokn ysu\ s rc viuk midkj jgus nks vkSj bu vkrqj mRd.Bkvksa dh midkjh vkSj egku~ cudj ughaµfoo'k vkSj leku cudj rqEgsa vkuk
mis{kk dj nksA iM+xs kA ,d fnu og Hkh vo'; vkosxk tc d¡ky dh d#.k iqdkj
fu%ladkspµfcuk fgpfdpkgV osGA œ".k dks Hkh df"kZr djus esa leFkZ gks losGxhA
;g rks esjk dk;Z gS] eSa vius dŸkZO; dks le>rk gw°] mls iw.kZ djus dk ml Lof.kZe fnu dh eq>s iwjh vk'kk gSA
Á[kj Á;kl d:°xkA D;k gqvk ;fn vc rd eq>s lQyrk osG lkezkT; esa D;k dgkµdYiuk gSA
Áos'k ugha feykA eSa grk'k ugha gw°!! dYiuk lghµeSa dc dgrk gw° fd rqe bls lR; eku yks! esjh dYiuk
viuh 'kf‰ ij u lghµviuh mTToy vkgksa ij eq>s foÇkl gSA esjs lkFk vkSj rqEgkjh lPpkbZ rqEgkjsA eq>s ;ksa gh rM+ius nks jksus nks iqdkjus
dHkh lQy u gksm°Gxk\ eq>s le`fº dk yksHk ughaA ;qx&;qx dh bl nks! lquks er] mis{kk dj nks!!
mŸkq¬ vlQyrk dk eSa Lokxr djrk gw°A fcuk rfud Hkh ngysµlnk u vk ldks rksµer vkvks!!
loZnk dh vlQyrk dk vUrj osG vla[;&vla[; mn~xkjksa ls LokxrA
esjk ifjJe esjs lkFk jgs vkSj mldh {kh.krk dk ifj.kke flj&ekFksA HkkojkT;&4 (ml ikj)
eq>s vius vki Hkksxuk gSA fdlh dh œik ls mlls =k.k ikus dh u Árh{kk vuUr uhy f{kfrt iFk dks jksoGs [kM+h gSA
gS ] bPNkA dky dh dBksj dkyh ;ofudk dks mBkdj thou osG ml ikj D;k gS]
lgk;rk dk 'khdj Hkh visf{kr ughaA ;g oSGls ns[kw° \
ns[kuk gSµttZj Ák.k thr dk ekY; ikrs ;k t; osG xohZys rqEgkjs ;s ml ikjµgk° ml ikjA
thfor mn~xkjA irk ugha D;ksa ,d vKkr laoGs r esjh ÁR;sd fÿ;kvksa esa fNik jgrk gSA
n;k dks nwj jgus nsdj ifj.kke ns[kks!! tkus dkSu dgk° ls m/kj vkdf"kZr dj nsrk gS vkSj ;gk° dh lc ekndrk
118 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 119

gok gks tkrh gSA gSA og lc oqGN djrs gq, Hkh mls Hkwy ugha ikrkA ekus ;k u ekus] fdlh esa
eSa cgqr pkgrk gw° fd ml ikj dh fpUrk u d:°A ÁR;{k vkSj fdlh esa fNih gqbZ ml ikj dh fpUrk jgrh gh gSA
vius uUgs ls lalkj esa] viuh Hkksyh Hkkoukvksa osG fo'o esa ,d ckj rc ekuo D;k ogha dk ewy Ák.kh gSA
f'k'kq dh Hkk°fr fuf'pUr gksdj ÿhM+k djuk pkgrk gw°A pkgrk gw° blh esa ;g gekjk txr] gekjk ugha! geus bls Hkwy ls viuk eku j[kk gSA
rYyhu gks tkukA bldh v'kkfUr] bldh u'ojrk vkSj blosG vuks[ks ifjorZu oqGN ,slk
oqGN rks 'kkfUr feyrhA laoGs r rks djrs gSaA
tc esjk Á;Ru viuh ijkdk"Bk ij igq°pdj >we mBrk gS] eSa vYgM+ gekjk gksrk rks ge bls viuk ikrsA
cudj vius f[kykSuksa esa rYyhu gks tkrk gw°] fopkj dks Á.kke djosG LokFkZ ge m|ksx djrs gSa fdUrq gekjh foQyrk gh lQyrk ls Hkkjh gSA Ák;%
dh Áfrek osG pj.kksa esa iwtk djus cSBrk gw°µ ;gk° ge Nys gh x;s gSaA
Bhd mlh le; dksbZ Hkhrj ls dgrk gS ^lko/kku!* ;gh foJke LFkku rc gekjk lalkj dgk°µml ikj\
ugha] vkSj pyuk gksxkA /;ku jgs ml ikj-----,d ifoikr esjs leLr ge cgqr nwj gSaA
vk;kstu dks pdukpwj dj nsrk gSA eSa fryfeyk mBrk gw° vkSj lksprk gw° ugha tkurs ml ikj D;k gksxk] mldk vuqlU/kku gekjs fy;s vlEHko
fd ml ikj D;k gksxk\ mlosG fy, eSa D;k dj ldrk gw°\ gSa vf[kys'k!
ftruk eSa bl fpUrk ls Hkkxuk pkgrk gw° og mruh gh esjs flj iM+rh gSA gekjs lkspus dk D;k vFkZ \
D;k d:° nso\ vuUr HkokEcqf/k dh yksy mŸkqax ygjksa osG FkisMk+ as esa thou dk vikj
π π π tky D;k eq>s tkus nsxk\ dky osG fdukjs ghu Áns'k dks phjdj ;s fucZy
D;ksa u eSa blh ikj esa yhu jgw°\ us= oSGls ns[ksa m/kj\
;g esjk viuk gS] esjs lEeq[k gS] eSa blesa fopj.k djrk gw°A blosG eSa ,d lk/kughu Ák.kh gw°A
ifjorZu eq>s ÁHkkfor djrs gSa] blosG lq[k&nq%[k esjs vius gSa vkSj blh dk irk ugha fdruh ygjsa vkSj fdrus Hkzej eq>s fuxy ysus dh Árh{kk esa
,d fuoklh gw°A gSaA vius ikl u rj.kh gS u fnXekid ;U=A bu JkUr ckgqvksa ls eSa bls ikj
blh esa ps"Vk djus dh eq>esa 'kf‰ Hkh gSA ik low°Gxk!
og vKkr tx] ml ikj dk ;g vxe vKs; Áns'k eq>s D;ksa fof{kIr d.kZ/kkj! oSGls dgrs gks ^owGn iM+kAs *
djrk gS\ eq>ls mldk D;k lEcU/k\ ij og esjs bl jax'kkyk dks lqoqGekj Ák.kksa dh th.kZ&'kh.kZ rjh bu Áp.M fgyksjksa dh ÁrkM+uk ls
mtkM+us D;ksa ‚n; esa vkrk gS\ fNÈk& fHkÈk gks mBsxhA vry osG xHkZ ls ;g vlgk; dHkh mGij ugha mB
eSa ftls ugha tkurk mlosG fy, D;k d:°\ losGxkA
esjk ;gh fo'o D;k oqGN cqjk gSa\ eSa ;gk° jksrk gw° rks g°l Hkh ysrk gw°] eq>s ugha pkfg, blosG jRuA
[kksrk gw° rks ikrk Hkh gw° vkSj oqGN Hkh u lghµ;g gS rks esjk viuk! jRuksa dk vUos"kh dksbZ vkSj gksxkA ;g nqcZy muosG ikus osG ÁyksHku esa
D;ksa ‚n;! rqe lUrq"V D;ksa ugha gksr\ s bruk lkgl djs oSGls\ D;k vk'kk gS bl vikj ls mŸkh.kZ gksus dhA
,d vn`'; txr vkSj mldh fpUrk ekuo dks mUefFkr djrh jgrh bl ikj rks lhiksa ,oa oaGdfM+;ksa esa [ksyrs gq, rIr iqfyu ij rM+iuk
120 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 121

fdlh Ádkj Hkyk gS vxk/k osG v¬ esa fujkJ; Mky nsus dh vis{kk esjs fy,A og Ádk'k ugha] vkifŸk dk ek;ktky gSA
eSa ,d lkglghu nhu gw° ukFk! mºr eu fxjrk iM+rk pkgs ftl vksj VVksyus dks nkSMr+ k gS vkSj cnys
π π π esa ikrk gS Bksdjsa ,oa d.VdA
ukµeSa ugha tkrk n;ke;! irk ugha] bl vU/kdkj osG xHkZ esa fdruh foHkhf"kdk,° fNih gSaA eq>s
tkuk pkgrs gq, Hkh ugha tkm°Gxk! eq>s ;gha blh ikj [kM+s jgus nksA eSa Hk; yx jgk gSµdksbZ nks Hk;adj vn`'; us= eq>s ?kwjrs&ls Árhr gksrs gSaA
;gha [kM+k jgw°xkA ekuks dksbZ eq>s [kk tkuk--------A
rqEgkjh Árh{kk d:°xk ‚n;s'k! fd/kj\ lc vksj ,d&lk iFk gSA blesa ;fn lqUnj ,oa lq[kn ÁkUr
okjkikj osG Lokeh! eSa ;gha [kM+k jgw°xk rqEgkjk iFk ns[krk gqvkA Hkh gksa rks os vU/ksjs dh foHkhf"kdk ls Hkh"k.k gks pqoGs gSaA mUgsa dgk° vkSj
rc rd] tc rd fd rqe Lo;a vkdj mBkdj eq>s ml ikj ugha ys oSGls vUos"k.k d:°\
tkrsA tc rd rqe esjs d.kZ/kkj ugha cursA ;gk° [kM+k jguk Hkh fujkin ughaA
rqedks Lo;a vkuk gksxkA dgk° tkm°G\ fd/kj tkm°G\ ,sls Hkhr gksdj Hkkxuk Hkh rks Hk;iw.kZ gSA
vius vuUr ,s'o;Z dks NksMd + j ml ikj ls esjs fy, ,d u ,d fnu Hkxoku~! esjh j{kk djksA eq>s cpkvks!
rqe vkvksxs vkSj vius gkFkksa ls [ksdj nwj rjh dks ikj djksxAs Áfr/ofu eq>s myVs Mjkrh gSA
rqEgkjs lkfÈk/; esa Hk; oSGlk! esjs fy, ;gk° vc ,d&,d iy ;qx&lk gks jgk gSA ne ?kqVk tkrk gS]
rqe vkvks! Mqck nsuk ;k ikj djukA eq>s rqe ij fo'okl gSA rqe Ák.k rM+i jgs gSa] ,d vk/kkjµ,d vkJ;! dksbZ gkFk idM+dj mckjus
,dek= rqEgha ml ikj igq°pk ldrs gksA okyk------A
fdruk djky gS ;g leqÊ! fdruh mRdV gS ml ikj dh vfHkyk"kk! dgk° gS og esjk vkifŸk;ksa dk ijekJ;\
fdruk fujhg gS ;g Ák.kh! vkSj fdruk d"Ve; gS bl ikj dk thou! ^bl vU/kdkj osG vkoj.k esa!*
rqeus oqGN lkspk gS nhukukFk! fdlus dgk \ dkSu cksy jgk gS\ bl vU/kdkj osG vkoj.k esa esjk
rqEgkjs uke ij] rqEgkjh vk'kk ij eSa ;gha [kM+k gw°xkA rqe vkvks ;k er ‚n;&/ku fNik gS\ blh osG ihNs!
vkvksA cpkvks ;k MqckvksaA tks th esa vkos djksA vPNk uV[kV!
vkvksx\ s vius egkefge ml ikj osG fnO; yksd esa mBkus osG fy,] eq>s bl vkorZ esa Mkydj rw blosG ihNs ls ns[k jgk gS! rw esjh Hkhfr
,d {k.k dks mls NksMd + j bl Hko vkvksx\ s vkSj igq°pk nksxs bl ifFkd ,oa HkzkfUr ij g°l jgk gS! ;g rsjh ÿhM+k gS\ ;g Hkksyk ekuo gh rq>s ÿhM+k
dks ml ikj\ djus dks feyk Fkk\
HkkojkT;&5 (vkoqGyrk esa) [ksyµth Hkjdj [ksyA
vU/kdkjµ?kksj vU/kdkjA ugha ekurkµekuw° oSGls\ og ije Ádk'k gS u!
Ádk'k dk dgha irk Hkh ugha gSA thou ,d fojkV~ vU/kdkje; Hk;kud lw;Z dks vU/kdkj us fNik j[kk gs] vfXu us ty dks tyk fn;k] fge us
vUrjky esa iM+k gqvk HkVd jgk gSA vk'kk dk fi'kkp&nhi vkdk'k dh ikgu dks Êfor dj fn;k] Hkyk ;g lc Hkh dgha ekuus dh ckrsa gSaA
,d Hkzee; js[kk&lk nwj f{kfrt ij tyrk vkSj cq>rk n`f"V iM+rk gSA fdlh ikxy dk Áyki gksxkA
122 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 123

fdUrqµre vk;k dgk° ls\ re rks Fkk ugha] ogh uV[kV FkkA vo'; vkvksx\ s œike;! gksxh œik dh dksj\
ogh oqGN yhyk dj jgk gSA ;g re Hkh mlh dh yhyk gSA vPNs yhyk/kj lc >wBµlc cgkukA
gks uVoj! esjs ‚n; esa dgk° ls ;g lc vk;k\ eq>s blosG ,d= djus dh fdlus
Hkhfr D;k\ ;g rks yhyk gSA Ásj.kk dh\ fQj tc rqe ml ‚n; esa Fks gh] rks ogk° ;g oSGls lek ldk\
gksxhµeq>s ,slh yhyk vPNh ugha yxrhA esjk uUgk&‚n; vkoqGyrk ,slk dHkh lEHko ughaA
ls mNy jgk gSA esjs Hkkoksa dk lalkj bl reLrkse esa Mwck tk jgk gSA esjs lc rqEgkjh djrwr gSA
Hkksys Ák.k Hk; ls fleVs tk jgs gSaA eSa ugha pkgrk ,slh yhyk ns[kukA eSa ?kcM+k mBk gw°] O;koqGy gks pqdk gw°A nso! cpkvks eq>s bl Hk;adj
Mjkvksa erµviuh bl yhyk dk laoj.k djksA vius fnO; :i dh Hkhfr ls! ;g rqEgkjh yhyk gS] blls eq>s ikj yxkvks!
>k°dh ns[kus nksA ^Hkhfr gS dgk°\ dgk° vU/kdkj gS\*
^;g esjh l`f"V gS!* D;k dgk\ eSa ;g D;k ns[k jgk gw°\ tks Li"V lEeq[k ns[k jgk gw°] mls
le> ugha iM+rkµdc esjh /kwfey vkgksa us bl v°/ksjs dh jpuk dhA oSGls vLohdkj dj nw°\ oSGls eku yw° fd ;g vU/kdkj esjh HkzkfUr gS\
esjh oklukvksa esa bruh foHkhf"kdk vUrfgZr Fkh! rks D;k ;g esjs vUrj osG oSGls\ crkvks!
lalkj dk gh ÁfrfcEc gS\ lkspw°\ eq>s lkspuk gh vkrk rks ;g lc vkifŸk D;ksa gksrh\ rqEgh
esjs vUrj esaµ,slk lalkj! crkvks ÁHkks! blls oSGls ikj gksa\ eq>s gkFk idM+dj ikj dj nks! vius
dHkh ns[kk rks gS ugha] gk°µdHkh ogk° Kku dk Ádk'k vius {kh.kre ikou pj.kksa esa ys yks!
:i esa Hkh ugha igq°pkA igq°pk ;g dkeukvksa dk owGM+k! rqEgkjs pj.kksa esa gh gw°\ rc ;g lc vU/kdkj\
og blh ls rks ugha vkrk\ ;g mlosG ;ksX; gS Hkh ughaA rqe gks! ;g rqEgkjs ?ku';ke vax dh eatqy NVk gS! rqe Lo;a lEeq[k
D;k og ;gk° ugha vk;sxk\ bls LoPN djuk gksxk\ ;s nqcZydj ;s bl [kM+s gksdj eq>s Ndk jgs gksA Nyh! vc rd eSaus rqEgsa igpkuk ughaA
vU/kdkj esa vlgk; us= vkSj ;g {kh.k Ák.kh bl vukfn fojkV~ dks oSGls vPNk] {kek djksA
LoPN djsxk\ oSGls ;gk° Ádk'k dk ÁkdVÓ djsxk\ dgha ls ,d fdj.k Hkkxks erµihNs er gVks! vkvks ,dckj rqEgsa nksuksa Hkqtkvksa ls HksaV yw°!
Hkh vkrh rksA ,dckj rqEgkjs pj.kksa esa j[kdj eLrd dks lQy dj yw°! Hkkxrs gks\
esjk lghµvc rks foo'k gw°A dgk° Hkkxrs\ nwj D;ksa gVrs gks\ vkvks! lehi vkvks!!
irk ugha dc ;g vikj nq:g re ,d= gksrk jgkA eSa bls tku Hkh u xksfoUn! ';ke lqUnj!!
ik;kA ;g esjs ‚n; esa ,d= gqvkµesjh vKkr&n'kk esaA vc D;k gks\
rc fujk'k gks tkm°G\ HkkojkT;&6 (cM+k cuw°xk)
';kelqUnj! lkspks rks lgh] eSa Hkyk oSGls bls nwj dj ikm°Gxk\ vkvks! vkt dUgkbZ dks /kqu p<+h gSµ^eSa cM+k cuw°xkA* vkidks dksbZ bldk
rqe vkus dh bPNk rks djksA ;g rqEgkjh u[k&T;ksfr ls Ádk'k esa ifj.kr lh/kk mik; Kkr gS\
gks tk;xkA ;g lc owGM+k iq"ijkf'k cudj ygjk;sxkA rqe vkvks rks lghA ';ke lqUnj bls rks lg ldrk gS fd ckck] eS;k] rkmG] pkpk ;k nwljs
eq> ij er NksMk+ s ukFkA xksi bls dg nsrs gSaµ^vHkh rw NksVk gSA*
124 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 125

rkbZ] pkph vkSj cw<h+ xksfi;k° Hkh NksVk dg nsrh gSa] bldk Hkh cqjk ugha ^mgwa!* dUgkbZ us flj fgyk fn;kA nkmGnknk ls cM+k cuus dh ckr
yxrkA nkmGnknk ls] Ω"kHk ls] vtqZu ls vkSj fo'kky ls NksVk gS] ;g vPNh ugha yxhA nkmGnknk osG cjkcj Hkh cuuk Bhd ugha yxkA nkmGnknk
Hkh uki djosG blus ns[k fy;k gS] fdUrq ;g Hkh dksbZ ckr gS fd o:Fki] cM+k jgs ;gh vPNk yxrk gS_ fdUrqµ^Jhnkek ls cM+k cuw°xkA*
HkÊ vkSj Jhnkek Hkh bls NksVk dg nsaA ugha ;g NksVk ugha jgsxkA cM+k ^vPNk] eka us Lohdkj dj fy;kµ^mlls cM+k rks rw gSA vkt cNM+s
cusxk vcA pjkdj vk rks rw>s le>k nw°xhA*
^eSa cM+k cuw°xkA* eS;k ls ;g [kh> jgk gSµ^rw eq>s cM+k cuk nsA* ^og ugha ekurkA* dUgkbZ dk gB oqGN <hyk iM+k gSµ^rw eq>s cM+k
rhu o"kZ dk uUgk dUgkbZA eS;k us Luku djkosG osG'kj dh [kkSj yxk nh cuk nsA*
gSA Hkky ij us=ksa esa dkty yxkrs le; ,d fcUnq yxk fn;k gSA vydksa ^nknk! cM+k oSGls curs gSa\* cNM+kas osG lkFk cu esa tkrs gh ';ke vkt
esa e;wjfiPN ltk fn;k gS eq‰kekyk ltkdjA o{k ij eksfr;ksa dh yM+h nwljs [ksy NksMd + j vius cM+s HkkbZ osG lehi vk [kM+k gqvkA
osG e/; ls dkSLrqHk vkSj JhoRl >kadrs ls yxrs gSaA vHkh iVqdk dU/ks ij ^eSa crkm°G\* nsoÁLFk us dgkA
ugha gSA djksa esa oaGd.k] Hkqtkvksa esa v¬n] dkuksa esa oqG.My] dfV esa ^rw rks Lo;a NksVk gS u eq>ls Hkh NksVkA* dUgkbZ us nsoÁLFk dh vkSj
foaGfd.kh] pj.kksa esa uwiqj gSaA ns[kkA
^rw cM+k oSGls cusxk\ ;g xksih g°l jgh gSµ^cM+k rks mM+n dk curk gS ^NksVk gwa rks D;k gks x;kA* nsoÁLFk nkSMd+ j dgha ls ,d nkuk puk ys
;k ew°x dk vkSj ngh esa Mqck;k tkrk gSA rw ngh dh cM+h eVdh esa Mwcxs k\* vk;k&^ns[k] eSa bls cM+k cukrk gwaA*
^og cM+k ughaA* ';ke us eLrd fgyk;kµ^HkÊ ls] Jhnkek ls cM+kA* ';ke vk'p;Z ls nsoÁLFk dks ?kwjdj ns[kus yxk gSA lc bls ^nso*
^eSa rks Lo;a NksVh gw°A rsjh ek° ls] rkbZ ls NksVh gw°A eS;k Hkh g°l jgh dgrs gSa rks D;k ;g lpeqp nsork gS\ ;g bls nkus dks cM+k oSGls cuk
gSµ^;g xksih rks eq>ls Hkh NksVh gSA eSa rq>s oSGls cM+k cuk ldrh gw°A* nsxk\
dUgkbZ eS;k ls rfud gVdj [kM+k gks x;k gSA tks Lo;a NksVh gS og ^rw bls ns[krk jgk!* nsoÁLFk us ,d ukfjosGy osG ik= esa ikuh Hkjk vkSj
cM+k ugha cuk ldrh] ;g ckr rks le> esa vkus dh gS_ fdUrq eS;k NksVh gS\ mlesa nkuk Mky fn;kµ^;g FkksMh+ nsj esa cM+k gks tk;xkA esjh eS;k o`"kHkksa
fd/kj ls NksVh gS\ cM+s /;ku ls eS;k dks vkSj xksih dks Hkh ns[kus yxk gSA dks f[kykus osG fy;s Áfrfnu ,sls cgqr puksa dks cM+k cukrh gSA*
eS;k cSBh gSA xksih Hkh cSBh gSA dUgkbZ dks yxrk gS fd eS;k lpeqp ^rsjh eS;k dks cM+k cukuk vkrk gS\ dUgkbZ us nso dk gkFk idM+kµ^rq>s
NksVh gSA ;g rks mlls Hkh NksVh nh[krh gSA rc\ rc eka bls cM+k cuk nsxhA D;ksa ugha cukrh\*
eka jksfg.kh rks cM+h gSa ghA ^eSa cM+k ugha cuw°xkA* nsoÁLFk dh cM+s cuus esa dksbZ #fp gh ugha
^ek°! eSa cM+k cuw°xk! dUgkbZ nkSMd + j x;k vkSj ek° osG iSjksa ls fyiV gSµ^cM+s cuus osG fy, nsj rd ikuh esa Mwcs jguk iM+rk gS vkSj eS;k rks
x;kA eka [kM+h gSa] vr% dUgkbZ dks cgqr cM+h yxrh gSaA FkksMh+ nsj Hkh eq>s Luku ugha djus nsrhA*
^gk°] esjk yky [kwc cM+k cusxkA* ek° jksfg.kh us v¡ esa mBkuk pkgkA ^;g cM+k rks gks jgk gS* dUgkbZ us FkksMh+ nsj esa gh pus dks ty ls
^ugha] vHkh cM+k cuk nks eq>As nkmGnknk tSlk cM+kA* nkmGnknk dks ek° fudkyk] fdUrq yxk fd nkuk rfud cM+k gks x;k gSA
jksfg.kh us gh cM+k cuk;k gksxk] ;g dUgkbZ lkspus yxk gSA ^eSa [kwc nsj rd ikuh esa cSBk jgw°xkA* ';ke dks ikuh esa cSBs jgus esa
^rw vius nkmGnknk osG cjkcj cusxk ;k mlls cM+k\* eka us g°ldj iwNkA dksbZ ck/kk ugha gSA bls rks pkgs tSls cM+k cuuk gSA vc ou ls ykSVrs gh
126 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 127

nsoÁLFk osG lkFk mlosG ?kj tk,xk vkSj ikuh esa cSBdj cM+k cusxkA uo?ku lqUnj] fpduh] lqxfBr ihB dk Hkh Lej.k vk tk; rks Lej.k drkZ
;g nwljh ckr gS fd bl uUgsa uUnuUnu dks ?kj ykSVus rd ;g ckr dh gh ugha] mlosG iM+kl s h dh Hkh ioZrkdkj oqGfy'k&dBksj iki jkf'k
Lej.k Hkh jgsxh ;k ugha_ fdUrq D;k vki fo'okliwoZd dg ldrs gSa fd rRdky igys 'kqHkz 'osr lqjfHkr diZwj tSlh cudj HkHkd mBrh gS vkSj
;gh /kqu fy, ;g okeu ugha cuk Fkk vkSj >ViV fojkV~ ugha cu x;k Fkk\ HkLe gksrs Hkh fo'o dks Ádk'k] ifo=rk] lkSjHk Ánku dj tkrh gSA ml
iki osG vf/knsork v?kklqj dk Hkh mºkj dj nsus okys bl Jhcztjkt
HkkojkT;&7 (xkscj yxkm°Gxk) oqGekj dks dksbZ iki fn[kk ik;sxk\
^rw czk„.k dks rax djsxk rks rq>s iki yxsxkA* e/kqeaxy us dUgkbZ ls ^iq.; yxk nw°xkA pUnu yxk nw°xkA* e/kqeaxy gkjuk ugha pkgrkA iki
dgkA ;g uV[kV mldh yEch pqfV;k esa irk ugha D;k my>kus yxk gSA rks mlls Hkh nwj gh jgrk gSA Jhœ".k dk l[kk iki <w°<u+ s fudys rks mls
^iki yxsxk\* dUgkbZ rfud pkSadkµ^oSGlk gksrk gS iki\ yky] dgha iki feysxk ;k mlosG inkiZ.k ls igys gh HkLe gks pqdk gksxk\
ihyk ;k 'osr\* ';ke us iki rks ns[kk ugha] blosG vaxksa esa l[kk xs:] ckr cny dj Hkh cuh ughaA e/kqeaxy iq.; Hkh ugha yk ldrkA og
jkejt] [kfM+;k vkfn yxkdj bls lqfpf=r djrs gSaA lksprk gS fd ,slk gh Lo;a Áse dk ifo= Ádk'k&iq¥t u gksrk rks œ".k dk vUrj¬ l[kk
oqGN iki Hkh gksxkA gksrk\ iq.; rks ml Áse dh cgqr nwj iM+h Bhd Nk;k Hkh dgus ;ksX; ugha
^dkyk] oqGfRlr] nqxZfU/kr] e/kqeaxy us eq[k cuk;k] ^fxyfxyk] gSA ;g ckr Hkh cksyus osG lkFk gh e/kqeaxy osG /;ku esa vk x;hA blfy,
cgqr cqjkA* og >ViV cksy iM+kµ^pUnu yxk nw°xk*
^rw yxk;sxk\* dUgkbZ g°l iM+kA vius vki rks oqGN yxrk ughaA vUrr% e/kqeaxy czk„.k gh gSA nwljk oqGN mlosG eu esa 'kh?kzrk esa
vius yxkvks ;k dksbZ yxkos rks yxsA ;g e/kqeaxy xkscj rks Nwuk ugha vk;k ugha vkSj bl le; ;gk° ou esa rks mlosG ikl pUnu gS ughaA
pkgrk] rc dkyk nqxZfU/kr iki oSGls Nq,xk\ ';ke us rkyh ctk;hµ ^eSa rq>s xkscj yxkm°Gxk!* dUgkbZ rkyh ctkdj g°lk vkSj blus l[kkvksa
^ys vk!* dks iqdkj fy;kµ^ge lc bls xkscj yxkosaxAs *
e/kqeaxy ckyd rks gS LosPNk ls_ fdUrq egf"kZ;ksa osG e/; fcuk ladksp lgÚ&lgÚ l[kkA vosGyk e/kqeaxy buls Hkkx ikosxk\ fQj ckyd
lLoj 'kqº osn&eU= i<+rk gSA egf"kZ 'kkf.My; dgrs gSaµ^;s ;ksxflº tc ÿhM+k djus yxrs gSa rks og dgha ,d rd gh osGfUÊr jg ldrh gS\
Jqfr ikjÊ"Vk gSaA* lc xkscj ysus nkSM+ iM+s gSaA vc e/kqeaxy gh ugha] lHkh dks vkikn&
,sls e/kqeaxy dks irk gS fd dUgkbZ dks iki nwj ls Hkh fn[kk nsuk lw;Z eLrd xkse;&ef.Mr gksuk gSA LoHkkor% mlosG i'pkr~ lc ;equk&
dks vU/kdkj fn[kk nsus ls vuUr xquk vlEHko gSA lw;Z dks vU/kdkj Hkys Luku djsaxAs
fn[kk;k u tk losG_ fdUrq lw;Z osG Lej.k ls vU/kdkj rfud Hkh ugha ?kVrk
vkSj dUgkbZ osG Lej.k ls\
HkkojkT;&8 (fp=dkj)
cM+h tVk&nk<+h okys Ωf"k&eqfu dgrs gSaµ^Hkxoku fojkV~ dh ihB tc fo'o dk nk#.k fofiu Áy;adj osG us=&nkokuy ls nX/k gksdj
iki dkµ^v/keZ dk vkJ; gSA* vuUr vEcqf/k esa fgyksjs ysrk gS] tc vfuy ;k vuy] /kjk vkSj fn'kk,°]
os dgrs gSa rks ckr lp gksxh_ fdUrq bl cztjkt osG yM+rS s yky dh ok;q vkSj O;kse lc dky dh ÿksMh+ esa Fkddj lksrs gSa rc rqe ,d l`f"V
dU/kksa ls uhps rd Nk;h ?kus] ?kqa?kjkys] fLuX/k] lqdksey osG'kksa ls 'kksfHkr djrs gksA
128 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 129

;gh LoIu dk lalkj gSA iqdkjk rqeusµmudk vk‡ku fd;kA


vukfn vuUr dky dh fuÊk LoIu ls lq"kqfIr vkSj lq"kqfIr ls LoIu esa rqEgkjk vk‡ku Fkk fd os vkosa vkSj viuh {kqÊrk dks R;kxdj vlhe
ifj.kr gksrh jgrh gS] fdUrq tkx`fr dk uke ughaA cu tk;saA fdUrq lquk fdlus\ ekuo&fp= rqEgkjs nwljs fp=ksa&dks viuk
tkx`fr D;k\ KkuµLo;a rqeA cukus esa yxk FkkA og mu ij vf/kdkj dj jgk FkkA
,dek= rqEgha thou dh tkx`fr dk Ádk'k fc[ksjrs gq, bl Áœfr iV Lor% lg;ksxh dks u"V djrs gq,A
ij fdrus mUen vkSj ohHkRl fp=ksa dh l`f"V fd;k djrs gksA ÿhM+k osG Lokfrdk ve`r fcUnq liZ osG eq[k esa iM+dj gkykgy gks x;kA vik=
fy,µfouksn osG fy,A esa igq°pdj 'kf‰ foœr gks mBhA rqEgkjh thou ,oa Kku&'kf‰ ekuo&ik=
rqe fp= ughaµfp=dkj gksA esa fouk'kd gksdj LokFkZ dk vkoj.k vks<+ cSBhA
rqEgkjs dj fp=ksa osG jax ls jaftr ugha gksr]s rqEgkjs fueZynqowGy ij jax rqe bls lg u losGA
dk ,d Hkh NhaVk ugha vkSj rqeus dHkh ys[kuh ugha mBk;hA fQj Hkh rqEgh ys[kuh dk nwljk Áokg pykA tks vaoqGfjr dj ldrk gS] og nkokuy
fp=dkj gks] rqEgkjs vfrfj‰ dksbZ nwljk gS gh ughaA Hkh tyk ldrk gSA fp=ksa osG txr~ esa ,d yky&yky vfXu&js[kk fQj
rqe fp=dkj gksµfofp= fp=dkjA x;hA
rqEgkjs fp= tM+ gksrs gq, Hkh psru gSaA Lo;a vius fp=ksa esa Áfo"V vkt ekuo&lekt mlesa rM+i jgk gSA
gksdj rqeus mUgsa thou fn;k] :i fn;k] vkd"kZ.k fn;kA rqe fp= gks rqe fp=dkj gksµog fp=dkj tks vius fp= dks oqG#i djus esa
x;s vkSj fp= gksdj Hkh fp= ls i`Fkd! ;g rqEgkjh ukV~;'kkyk dh ÁlUu gks gh ugha ldrkA
ÿhM+k gSA rqEgkjh yhyk dk oSfp´; vKs; ,oa vfpUR; rks gS gh] vuqie gydh&lh ys[kuh ?kwerh gS vkSj /oal dh Nk;k feVrh gSA dkfyek
Hkh gSA dks vius xHkZ esa fNikdj iqu% uohu lkSUn;Z fc[ksj tkrh gSA
ge lc rqEgkjs osGoy fp= gSaA ekuo lksprk gSµ;g esjs m|ksx dh lQyrk gSA
eknd lkSUn;Z us gesa vkRefoLe`fr osG xrZ esa Mky fn;kA rqe mls lnk dks vuUr ek/kq;Z Ánku djus dks ÁLrqr gksµvuUr
ey; osG eUFkj >ksaoGs ij cSB dj geus ,d ckj vikj ikjkokj dks lkSUn;Z&txr~ nku djuk pkgrs gks] ij og rqels i`Fko~G jgdj vius dks
ns[kk vkSj xoZ ls dg fn;k ^eSa cM+k gw°&eSa vius fuekZrk ls Hkh cM+k gw°A* oqGN eku cSBk gS! mls viuh 'kf‰ dk xoZ gS!!
ekuo dk ;g eksge; xoZ mls ys MwckA ;gh ÁfrcU/kd gS rqEgkjh n;k&xzg.k esaA
rqe g°l jgs Fks bu fp=ksa dh piyrk ijA rqEgkjh gkL;fdj.k vofuij og Lo;a le>rk gS fd viuk y{; ÁkIr dj ysxk vkSj lq[kh gks
'kr&'kr mRFkku&iru dk fuekZ.k dj jgh Fkh vkSj ekuo le>rk Fkk fd losGxkA mlosG vgadkj dh Bld Tokyk dk vk‡ku djrh gS vkSj og
;g esjs ikS#"k dk ifj.kke gSA ckj&ckj Áfriy thou dks tykrh jgrh gSA
rqeus mis{kk dh bl] Hkkouk dhA ;fn rqEgkjh œik {kfriwfrZ u djrh jgrh--------
rqeus thou fn;k] xfr fn;k] fopkj fn;kA vius fp=ksa esa Áfo"V gksdj ;gk° gksrk ,d lwuk 'e'kku] Hk;adj ohHkRl Áns'k rFkk oaGdkyksa osG
rqeus viukiu lc muesa Hkj fn;kA mUgsa iw.kZrk ij igq°pkus dk lEiw.kZ HkLeko'ks"kA ij rqedks lEHkor% ;g Lohdkj ughaA
ikFks; muosG vapy ls ck°/k fn;kA rqe vius fp=ksa ls Lusg djrs gksA
130 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 131

,d fnu og vk;sxk tc rqe blls mGc mBksxAs fp=ksa dh piyrk HkkojkT;&9 (O;FkZ)
mUgsa ys Mwcxs hA Áy; dh Tokyk esa os Lokgk gksdj iqu% uo&fuekZ.k osG
mi;q‰ cusaxAs lalkj le`fº ls lwuk ughaA
D;k rc Hkh ;g vgadkj tk losGxk\ ,s'o;Z dk vikj vEckj yxk gS] dks"k dk dksbZ irk ughaA dksbZ Hkh
ÿhM+ke;! irk ugha rqEgkjh bl yhyk esa fdrus jgL; fNis iM+s gSaA HkkSfrd inkFkZ ,slk ugha tks vÁkI; gksA muosG HkzwHkax ij fo'o dk oSHko
dkSu tku ldrk gS mudk---------- u`R;q djrk gSA
fp= txr~ osG Á.ksrk! rqEgh tkuks ;g D;k gSA gSaµ,sls yksx Hkh bl fo'o esa gSa! os lq[kh gSa\ 'kkUr gSa! vkuUn esa gSa\
;g Hkh rqEgkjk ,d fp= gSA Bhd foijhrµr`".kk dh vfXu mUgsa vkSj vf/kd tykrh gS] Hk; dk Hkwr
rqEgkjs mu vla[; fp=ksa esa ls ,d mis{k{k.kh; fp=A mUgsa cgqr lUrIr j[krk gSa Ák.kksa dk eksg mudh Lok/khurk dks j{kdks osG gkFkksa
u jkx jgk vkSj u vkd"kZ.k gh jgkA csp nsrk gSA ,d {k.k Hkh mUgsa 'kkfUr ughaA rfud Hkh foJke ughaA
vukfn Áfr}fU}rk esa viuk lc oqGN [ksyrs&[ksyrs lekIr gks pqdk bl ,s'o;Z dk D;k mi;ksx!
gSA blhfy, nwljksa osG }kjk frjLœr gks jgk gSA /ku ds /kwfye; okrkoj.k esa ftudks fujUrj fu%'oflr gksuk gS muds
esjs fp=dkj! viukvksxs iqu% vius tu dksA thou esa lq[k vkSj vkuUn oSGlk! ogk° gS Li/kkZ&bZ";kZ vkSj fouk'k dk djky Hk;!
eSa iqu% vius mu lg;ksfx;ksa osG LokFkZ dk f'kdkj ugha cu tkuk os i'kq gSa osGoy laxzg dk Hkkj ogu djus osG fy,A
pkgrkA eqq>s ogk° tkus osG fy, u rks rqels :i ek°xuk gS vkSj u vkd"kZ.kA eneŸk dfjoj osG oqGEHk dks viuh pisVs ksa ls pwf.kZr dj nsus okys ohj
JkUr gks pqdk gw° bu eknd oSHko osG O;FkZ Hkkj lsA Hkh rks chekjh dh HksaV gks tkrs gSa! Áfr}Unh dh fpUrk muls dc NwVrh gS!
eq>s oqGN Hkh ugha pkfg,A e`R;q ls D;k os fot; ik ldrs gSa\
eSaus rqEgs dHkh Lej.k ugha fd;k] dHkh rqEgkjs nku dh œrKrk ugha ekuork D;k\ lcdks larq"V j[kus dk thfor tatky\
ÁdV dh rFkk dHkh rqEgkjh nsu ls rqEgsa lUrq"V djus dh ps"Vk Hkh bl eSaus ns[kk gS fo|k vkSj cqfº osG c`gLifr;ksa dks ikih isV osG fy,
vgadkjh osG }kjk ugha gqbZA vfHkekuh y{ehokguksa osG }kj dh pkVqdkjh djrs! fdruh n;uh; n'kk!
vc gks Hkh ugh ldrhA bu iawft;ksa ds miktZu ls D;k ykHk\
tc oqGN jgk ugha rks D;k gksxkA 'kq"d ,oa efyu vUrj esa vc ,d D;k ik;k foÁksa us foÁRo ikdj\
Hkh ,slk iq"i ugha tks rqEgs ÁlUu dj losGA mPpoqGy dk xoZ rc dgk° jgrk gS tc os 'kwÊ osG }kj ij lsok dh
fQj Hkh rqEgkjs ikl vk;k gw°A fHk{kk pkgrs gSa vkSj viekfur gksrs gSaA
vius Jhpj.kksa esa bl vHkkxs fp= dks Mky yksA j[kks ;k QkM+ dj nso! ;K] nku vkSj ri Js"B gSaA
isaGd nksA tks pkgks djksA ;g vijk/kh gS] ikih gS] vœrK gS] ohHkRl gS] fdruh nsj dksµbudk vUrr% Qy D;k\ LoxZ] /keZ] vkSj flfºA
oqG#i gS vkSj ?k`f.kr gSA D;k ;gh vkuUn osG lk/kd gSa\
tks Hkh gSµgS rks rqEgkjh gh fufeZfr\ LoxZ dh u'ojrk D;k fNih gSA dgk° jgrh gS LoxZ dh lq[kfuf/k tc
,d ckj Nw nks bls dj ls esjs fp=dkj! nSR;ksa osG }kjk rkfM+r nsoo`Un vius ?kj&}kj NksMd + j ekjk&ekjk fxfj&xqgkvksa
132 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 133

esa Ák.k cpkrk fQjrk gSA dk°irs gq, djksa ls ÁkFkZuk djrk gw°µ
nsoUs Ê rifLo;ksa dh riL;k ls lnk l'kad jgrs gSaA eq>s m/kj er <osGyuk tgk° ls rqe nwj gks tkvksA ml lq[k ls eq>s nwj
/keZ gksxk vkSj feysaxs HkksxA ;gh Hkksx tks jksx osG Hkh jksx gSA tks rqEgkjs jgus nks tks rqEgkjs pj.kksa ls nwj djrk gksA cpkvks ÁHkks! ÁyksHkuksa osG Ácy
la;ksx ls dkslksa nwj dj nsrs gSa fujhg tho dksA Áokg ls bl fucZy dks!
,sls /keZ dk eSa D;k d:°\ osGoy rqeµrqEgkjs Jhpj.k-----------
eq>s ckthxj ugha cuukA ;fn eSa O;kse fogkj dj low°G] ;fn yksxksa osG og /ku gks ;k cy] cqfº gks ;k fo|k] eku gks ;k ;'k] lq[k gks ;k
us=ksa ls vn`'; gks low°G] ;fn LosPNkcrkZo esa LorU= gks tkm°G rks D;k fuHkZ; le`fº] fe= gksa ;k oqGVqEch] flfº gks ;k LoxZ] fdlh osG tky esa eq>s er
Hkh gks low°Gxk\ Mkyks! rqeµosGoy rqe esjs gks tkvks n;ke;\
ogk° Hkh rks }fUnrk gS! eq>s nwljk oqGN Hkh ugha pkfg,A
vlfg".kq lalkj eq>s dgha Hkh 'kkfUr ls jgus nsxk\ dksbZ Hkh 'kf‰ eq>s eSaus lq[kksa dks Bqdjk fn;kA
nq%[k ,oa 'kksd osG 'kafdr xrZ ls mBk losGxh\ tku&cw>dj vius HkkSfrd tatky dks vius gkFkksa HkLe dj fn;kA
[kqys us=ksa ls ns[krk gw°A eq>s vU/kkuqdj.k djus osG ÁFke crkvksµD;k Lo;a oaGxky fHk[kkjh cukA
;gk° foJke feysxk\ eq>s ,slk oqGN fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk! ,d Hkh LFky] ,d eSaus Lor% nq%[kksaµvkifŸk;ksa dk vk‡ku fd;k!
Hkh oLrq\ eq>ls vkSj D;k vk'kk djksx\ s lk/ku Hktu eq>ls gksrk ugha] ;g
esjs fy, lc O;FkZ! piy fpŸk u 'kkUr gksrk vkSj u ,dkxzA vkifŸk dks fueU=.k nsdj vc
eSa tkurk gw° vius xUrO; dks! fu#ik; gks cSBk gw°A
rqEgkjs Jhdj ykfyr eatqy ;qxy&pj.kksa dh deyk#.k Nk;k osG rqEgkjh vk'kkµrqEgkjk fo'oklA
vfrfj‰ u dgha 'kkfUr gS] u lq[kA vkuUn dk ?kuhHkko rqEgkjh inu[k eq>esa Áse ugha] fu;e ugha] lk/ku ughaA ;g ,d vlgk;] vukFk nhu
T;ksfr dh NVk esa ,dek= fufgfr gSA gSA loZnk fu%lgk;A
eq>s HkVdus dh D;k vko';drk! vc rqedks bldh fpUrk djuh gksxhA rqedks j{kk djuh gksxh ek;k
ftUgsa ysdj ml fnO; Nk;k dks ns[kus dk vf/kdkj fNu tkrk gks] osG FkisMk+ as ls vkSj Ánku djuk gksxk viuk eatq ÁseA thou jFk dh jf'e
ftldh miluk rqels foeq[k dj nsrh gks] D;k og esjs fy,--------- rqe vkSj lapkfyr djks!
vgadkjh rqEgkjk uke ysus dk vf/kdkjh ughaA eSa D;ksa fpUrk d:° esjs ';ke\
tks mPpo.kZ ekurk gS vius dks] ftls viuh lEifŸk dk Hkjkslk gS] mŸkjnkf;Ro rks rqe ij gS mnkjA rqe mnkj dgykrs gks] rqe ifrrikou
ftls viuh fo|k ,oa cqfº dk xoZ gS vkSj tks vius nku&iq.;] ri&frfr{kk dgs tkrs gks] rqeus] Lo;a nhuksa dh j{kk dk opu fn;k gSA vkt og lc
osG cy ij iwGyk ugha lekrk] D;k og rqEgkjk gks losGxk\ Hkax gks jgk gS! rqEgkjh mis{kk mls u"V dj jgh gS!!
nhuksa dh mis{kk mlosG fy, LokHkkfod gS\ cpkvks! vius okD;ksa dh e;kZnk dk j{k.k djksA
nhucU/kq! oaGxky fucZyksa dk frjLdkj djus okys D;k rqEgkjh iwtk Jqfr dh e;kZnk] rqEgkjh Lor% dh ÁfrKk,° vkSj bl nhu dh ;s vfody
djus osG ik= cu losaGxs\ vkgsa fu#i;ksxh gks tkosaxhA e;kZnk j{kd! vkt rd osG leLr 'kkL=
134 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 135

okD; >wBs gks jgsaxs tks rqEgsa d#.kke; dgrs gSaA fdruh eksgd Fkh og! esjh I;klh vfHkyk"kkA ;fn ogk° r`Ir u gks
;fn thou esa rqEgkjs Jhpj.kksa dh ÁkfIr u gqbZµ ldrh Fkh rks ;ksa Hkwyh&Hkwyh HkVdrh u FkhA e`xty lgh] ij ,d vk'kk
O;FkZµrks lc O;FkZ! Fkh] ,d vk/kkj FkkA
HkkojkT;&10 (fQj dHkh ugha) eSa vius ml fuoqaGt esa vius dks Hkwyk iM+k FkkA
viuh leLr vkdka{kkvksa dh Mkyh ltkdj vkt eSa rsjs }kj ij vk;k vr`fIr Fkhµij mrus esa gh lhferA eq>s mlh esa lq[k Hkh FkkA irk ugha
gw°A ;qx&;qx dh tUe&tUe dh vkdka{kkvksa dh Mkyh ltkdjA Fkkµblls ckgj Hkh oqGN gSA eSa vius vKku esa fyiVk iM+k FkkA vU/kdkj
rw ns[ksxk\ lquxs k\ dh og lwuh 'kkfUr oqGN cqjh Hkh ugha FkhA
rw ugha tkurk fd fdrus d.Vdkdh.kZ ekxks± ls gksdj ;g ifFkd rc rqeus eq>s D;ksa cqyk;k\
vk;k gSA fuHk`r dYiuk osG fdrus dksey iFk ls! eSaus rq> ij fo'okl fd;kA rsjs vkd"kZ.k us eq>s foo'k fd;k fo'okl
le> losGxk\ djus dksA eSa rsjs ihNs vkus dks m|r gks x;kA rwus dgkµ^ckgj Ádk'k gS]
vk'kk dh osnh ij vius gkFkksa vius thou dk cfynku djosG] mldh vkuUn gS] 'kkfUr gSA cgqr lqUnj gS esjs ikl dk fo'oA*
HkLe eysA mlosG vuqjkx dk jax tydj Hkh v#.k gks x;k gSA ;g gS rwus dgk bls tyk nks] rc ckgj vk ldksxAs
mlosG e`nqy vo'ks"k dh eqoqGfyr&ekykA eSaus ekuk] vius I;kjs fuoqaGt dks vkg! Lo;a tyk fn;kA og ty x;k
/kkj.k djsxk bls\ vius fuekZrk dh Hkkouk lsA ij eq>s D;k feykµÿUnu] HkVduk vkSj
e`R;q ls vk°[k fepkSuh [ksyus osG os jkSÊ&fnol vHkh Le`fr&iV ij T;ksa BksdjsaA rw irk ugha dgk° Hkkx x;k eq>s fujkJ; cukdjA
osG R;ksa vafdr gSaA Áœfr uVh dh piyrk mUgsa rfud Hkh ?kq°?kyk u dj vkt brus fnuksa ij rsjs }kj ij igq°p ldk gw°A
ldhA mudks lEeq[k j[kdj bl ÁkFkZuk dk ewY; vkadukA fdruk HkVdk] fdruk jks;k] ekxZ esa fdrus d"V lgs] cM+h yEch dFkk
ikjh[k! ij[k losGxk bldk ewY;\ gSA tkus nksµmls dgdj rqEgsa d"V ugha nw°xk] rqEgkjk le; u"V ugha
eq>s irk ughaµfdruh Hkksyh ek;k ejhfpdk dh euksje ygfj;k esjh d:°xk] tks gks x;k og vrhr osG xHkZ esa x;kA
ewd Árh{kk esa fu"Qy gks xbZA eq>s m/kj ns[kus dk volj dgk° Fkk! rsjh vc Lej.k dj losGxk vius mu Jo.k lqUnj opuksa dks\
fueZe }kj&nsgyh dh vksj ;s I;klh vk°[kh yxh tks Fkha\ vkt Hkh dksbZ vk'kk ugha\
r`Ir dj losGxk budh I;kl\ fu"Bqj! rks D;k og rsjk osGoy Ny Fkk\ D;k lpeqp rq>s dHkh mu
euksHkkoksa osG bl LoIu txr~ esa Hkh oqGN lR; gS] fpj lqUnj gSA eSaus ;g opuksa dks iw.kZ djuk ugha gSa\ eq>s rM+ikus osG gsrq gh og lkt&lTtk Fkh\
rsjh ckr eku yh vkSj Bqdjk fn;k vius ml flafpr lqjfHkr thou fuoqaGt rw bruk Nyh gS\
dksA ij ik;k D;k\ e#dh uhjl fujk'kk! ^ykSV tkm°G\* vc ;g dgrs yTtk ugha vkrh! dgk° ykSV tkm°G\ ml
le> losGxk vius fo'okl dks\ esjs HkkoukoqaGt dks rks rwus eq>ls gh HkLe djk fn;k] vc tkm°G dgk°\
D;k eSa vius ml uUgsa fuoqaGt esa r`Ir u Fkk! dkSulk 'kj.k LFkku rwus esjs fy, NksM+ fn;k gS\
esjs bUgha gkFkksa mldh HkLe cuk nsus okys Nyh! rc rw eq>s Bxus D;ksa ^tyk;k gh D;ksa\*
x;k Fkk\ eq>s fujk/kkj ÿUnu djkus esa rq>s D;k vkuUn vk;k\ rfud viuh vksj ns[kdj iwN! fdruk vkd"kZ.k] fdruk ÁyksHku
136 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 137

vkSj fdruk vk'oklu ysdj x;k Fkk rw ml fnu! D;k rq>s irk ugha fd ^gks ugha ldrk\* dkSu dgrk gS\ vc ;gh gksxkA ;g ekuh ‚n;
tyk;k D;ksa Fkk\ eSaus Lo;a tyk;k Fkk D;k\ rwus ,slk djus osG fy;s eq>s pwj&pwj gks tkosxk] ij b/kj dHkh ns[ksxk ughaA ugha&ugha dHkh ughaA
fdruk Ásfjr fd;k Fkk! oSGls cqyk;k Fkk! vHkh volj gSA rc i'pkŸkki djus ls oqGN u gksxkA
,slh ÿhM+k Bhd ughaA vius thou&miou osG leLr oqGlqeksa dh Mkyh ltkdj rqEgkjs }kj
rsjh ÿhM+k gks jgh gS! rsjk ;g fouksn gS! ,d fnu dk loZLo pj.kksa ls ij vk;k gwA° eq>s fujk'k er djksµykSVkvks erA esjh uUgha HksVa ys yksµesjh
ely dj mls rM+ikus dk ;g fouksn rsjs fdruk mi;q‰ gS! fdruk 'kksfHkr bl d#.k ÁkFkZuk dks lqu yksµLohdkj dj yks] vkt ghµblh le;A
gksrk gS og migkl rq>dks! blh le;µugha rksµfQj dHkh ugha!!
;g esjh g°lh gS ;k rsjh\
rq>s ^oqGN Hkh Lej.k ugha\* Hkyk vc D;ksa Lej.k gksus yxk! Lej.k rks
HkkojkT;&11 (rqEgkjk Xokfj;k)
rc Fkk! tc esjh uhjo rU=h dks NsMd + j d#.k jkx osG fy;s eq[kfjr djuk xksiky&ugha] esjs LokehA :Bks er˚
Fkk! og Hkksyk Ák.kh bl tky dk vFkZ ugha le> losGxkA igsyh er rqEgha us rks eq>dks bruk /k`"V cuk;k gS! eSa tkurk gw° fd eSa dkSu gw°A
cukµbldh lh/kh&lh ÁkFkZuk dks lqu ysA vc Hkh j[kh gSaµlkeus osG ml dnEc osG [kks[kys esa esjh og xkBsa yxh
ekusxk bruh esjh\ yaxksVh] og iwGVh Vhu dh dVksjh vkSj esjh nksuksa fpFkM+&s lh vk/k&vk/k
esjs ikl pkgs vkSj oqGN u gks ij ,d ekuh ‚n; gSA gkFk dh lkfQ;k° vc Hkh T;ksa dh R;ksa j[kh gSaA
nhu gw°] oaGxky gw°] vukJ; vkSj vukFk gw°] ij ‚n; ,slk ughaA og ekuh eSaus rqEgsa fn[kyk;k ugha] ij mUgsa lEHkky dj j[k NksMk+ gSA
gS] ,slk ekuh tks :Bus ij ekuuk tkurk gh ughaA vius dks Hkwy u tkm°G blfy,A
D;k gksxk&'kjhj VqdM+&s VqdM+s gks tkosxkA ,d thou dks tyk pqdk eSa mUgsa ys yw°xk vkSj pyk tkm°GxkA dksbZ&u&dksbZ bl fHk{kqd dks
gw°] bls fry&fry dj dkV nw°xkA cgqr d"V gksxk rks dgha ,dkUr esa nqRdkj dj ,d VqdM+k ns nsxkA ikih isV fdlh Ádkj Hkj tk;sxkA
/kfj=h dks oqGN {kkj fcUnq HksaV dj nw°xkA esjh uhjo fu'oklsa 'kwU; O;kse osG vU;Fkk dgha i`Foh osG fdlh lwus dksus esa bl nqcZy 'kjhj dks {kq/kk dh
fojkV iVy ij HkVdk djsaxhA vfXu ls ijkLr gksdj NksM+ nw°xkA ,d nhu&oaGxky osG u jgus ls oSHko'kkyh
blls vf/kd vkSj D;kµfo'o osG leLr d"V ,d lkFk vkdj ns[k fo'o dk oqGN Hkh fcxM+rk ughaA
ysaA ‚n; tyk djsxk] lg yw°xkA viuh ihM+k esa vki ?kqyrk jgw°xkA ekurk fdlh dks irk Hkh u pysxkµoqGŸks vkSj xhnM+ 'ko dks fBdkus yxk
gw°µrqels i`Fko~G jguk l· ughaA ij vl· dks lgw°xkA nsaxAs nqxZU/k mBh rks dksbZ vius vki yk isaGdsxkA
rqe iqdkjksx]s ihNs nkSMk+ xs ]s cqykvksxAs ,d Hkh lquus dk ughaA d.kZ duw° {kek! LoHkko ugha tkrk] Hkwy gks x;hA
cUn dj yw°xk] us= QksM+ yw°xkA ;fn NwVk pkgksxs rks peM+h m/ksM+ Mkyw°xkA cztUs ÊuUnu! eSa rks fHk{kqd gw°] vukFk gw° esjk eku&vieku D;k\ eq>
lc KkusfUÊ;ksa dks fonk dj nw°xkA tSls nwljksa osG VqdM+kas ij thus okys dk D;k vkRexkSjo! ,d fHk{kqd ls
rqe iqdkjksx&s jksvksxAs ‚n; dks otz cuk yw°xkA u rqEgsa ns[kw°xk] u Li'kZ :Bus dh D;k vko';drk] dg nks og pyk tk,xkA osGoy rqe vius
d:°xk] u rqEgkjh ckrsa lquw°xkA fQj rqe oqGN Hkh djks&b/kj ns[kus dk uke eq[k ls dg nksA
u yw°xkA π π π
138 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 139

eSaµirk ugha esjs ekrk&firk dc eq> vHkkxs dks NksM+ x;s FksA irk vkuUn vk jgk FkkA muosG fy, esjh Hkk°fr ;s oL=kfn vueksy rks Fks ughaA eSa
ugha fd ekrk i`Foh osG fdl dksus dks bl ikih us Hkwifrr gksdj dyafdr cM+kas dh ckrsa ugha d:°xkA
fd;k FkkA eq>s oqGN Hkh Lej.k ugha gSA eSa osGoy ,d fHk[kkjh FkkA eS;k rks lcdh eS;k gSA czt osG lkjs ckyd muosG fy, dUgS;k gh gSaA
gkFk esa Vhu dh iwGVh dVksjh] dej esa ,d fpFkM+s dh yaxksVh vkSj nks ckck bu >a>Vksa ls nwj jgrs gSaA tks muosG oaG/ks ij owGndj p<+ tk;s mlh ls
NksV&s NksVs eSy&s ls VqdM+As ;g lc eSaus owGM+s ij ik;s FksA bruh gh esjh [ksyus yxsaxAs tks Hkh jksrk gks mldks iqpdkj ysaxAs tks mRikr djsa mlh dks
lEifŸk FkhA Mk°V nsaxAs nkmG HkS;k dks lnk lcdh j{kk djus vkSj gekjs >xM+kas esa U;k;
^ckck] Hkw[kk gw°] vEek ,d jksVh dk VqdM+k!* djus ls gh NqVdkjk ughaA
fnu&Hkj ,d }kj ls nwljs }kj ikih isV osG fy, HkVdrk fQjrk FkkA cM+kas dks tkus nks] ij eq>s flj rks rqEgha us p<+k;k FkkA eSa rqEgkjk
dksbZ xkyh nsrk] dksbZ MkaVrk] dksbZ n;kdj ,d VqdM+k jksVh ns nsrkA owGM+s Xokfj;k&pjokgk---------
ij osG nkus vkSj ukfy;ksa esa iM+s VqdM+]s yksxksa }kjk isaGosG x;s Qyksa osG fNYosG rqe [ksy esa gkjus ij eq>s ihB ij p<+k ysr]s esjs lkFk cSBdj ,d ik=
;k oqGN u feyus ij ikuh ihdj ogha lM+d ij ;k fdlh [k.Mgj esa jkf= esa Hkkstu djrs] eq>s vius leku os'kHkw"kk esa j[krs] lnk esjs lkFk jgrs]
dks gkFk&iSj isV esa djosG floqGM+s iM+s jgus osG fnu eq>s Hkwys ughaA eq>s yM+r&s >xM+rs vkSj fQj eS;k ls dgus dks euk djds eq>s euk Hkh ysrAs
Lej.k gSA D;k&D;k ugha fd;k rqeus eksgu\
og lkSHkkX;'kkyh fnu Hkh Lej.k gSµtc eSa rqEgkjs bl }kj ij vk;k tc nwljs l[kk eq>s dHkh fHk[keaxk dgdj fp<+kuk pkgrs Fks rks
FkkA-----esjs nso] rqe cNM+s pjkus x;s Fks u\ fdlosG us= v#.k gks mBrs Fks\ >xM+k gksus ij tc eSa vius dks ghu
eS;k us eq>s ns[kk&os eS;k gSa] rqEgkjs gh leku esjh Hkh eS;kA os lpeqp le>dj mnkl gksdj ÁR;qŸkj nsuk can dj nsrk Fkk rks dkSu esjh vksj ls
eS;k gSaµeq> oaGxky dks xksn esa mBk fy;kA vkgk! esjs tSls efyu ls mUgsa foi{k dks fxu&fxu osG lqukrk Fkk\ esjs us=ksa esa vJq ns[kdj fdlosG
rfud Hkh ?k`.kk u gqbZA Hkyk dgha eS;k dks Hkh ?k`.kk gksrh gSA deyu;u lty gks mBrs FksA
ckck Hkh vk x;s&eq>s oL= feys vkSj feyh yfB;kA eSa rqEgkjk Xokfj;k rqe :Bs rks vkt cSBs gks u\
gks x;kA eSaus viuh dVksjh vkSj fpFkM+s eS;k osG dgus ij Hkh isaGosG ughaA l[kk eq>ls >xM+rs ugha Fks rks rqEgkjs Hk; lsA rqEgkjs vlUrq"V gksus osG
ml dnEc osG [kks[kys esa j[k fn;sA muls eq>s eksg gks x;k FkkA D;k Mj ls xksi eq>s QVdkj ugha ldrs FksA rqe vkis ls ckgj gks tkvksxs blh
gqvk\ fQj Hkh eSa rks rqEgkjk Xokfj;k pjokgk FkkA ls dksbZ xksih esjs mRikr dk mykguk eS;k dks nsus dk lkgl Hkh ugha dj
;g ihrkEcj! ldrh FkhA
ml fnu rqEgha us rks viuk ;g iVqdk ykdj esjs da/ks ij Mky fn;k Fkk] esjk ;gk° dkSu gS\ tcls rqeus gh eq[k isGj fy;k&dkSu iwNxs k eq>\ s
vkSj ;g dNuh fdlus cka/kh Fkh\ vius gkFkksa ls gh rks vius ;s
vkHkw"k.k&eqoqGV vkSj ekyk vkfn ykdj rqeus eq>s ewfrZ dh Hkk°fr ltk;k ✤✤✤
FkkA Bhd vius os'k esa iwjk vius tSlk cuk fy;k FkkA
ckck vkSj eS;k gal jgs FksA nkmG rqEgsa c<+kok ns jgs FksA muosG mnkj ‚n;
esa Hkyk vius&ijk;s osG fy, LFkku dgk°\ mUgsa rks ,d vukFk dks viukdj
140 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 141

ÁHkq ds okeikn osG lehi cSBk nw°xhA


[k.M&4 % >k°dh (fnO; n'kZu dh >yfd;k°) ^mgq°* ckyd us iwjh vyosaG fgykrs flj fgyk fn;k&^eSa ÁHkq ds nf{k.k
ikn dk laokgu d:°xk*A ^rqe vius guqeku nknk ls >xM+kxs \ s * vEck us
>k°dh&1 (ikn&laokgu) pkSad dj vc ckyd osG eq[k dh vksj ns[kk&^rqEgkjs guqeku nknk ÁHkq osG
vkius lquk gS fd f'k'kqvksa dh vViVh ekaxs iwjh djuk l`f"VdŸkkZ osG nf{k.k&pj.k dks cM+ ykyth (Jh Hkjr th) dks Hkh laokgu ugha djus
Hkh o'k esa ugha gksrk\ ,slh ,d dFkk Ápfyr gSA nsrAs ^eSa nknk ls >xMw°xk ugha* ckyd us lh/ks <+ax ls dg fn;k&^fdUrq
,d dksbZ r#.k riLoh vusd o"kks± rd dBksj ri djosG flº gksdj dy rqe eq>s cqfº nsus esa œi.krk er djukA
ykSVAs ,d rks r#.k voLFkk] nwljs flº gksus dk vkos'kA ,d NksVh lfjrk fuf[ky yksd egs'ojh ds v/kjksa ij fLer vk x;kA ok.kh dh
osG fdukjs muosG vkJe osG lehi osG ,d o`º eqfu dk ckyd [ksy jgk v/kh'ojh Hkh ftudh va'kka'k gS] mUgsa cqfº nsuk gS rks vius ckyd dks
FkkA riLoh us mlosG ikl vkdj dgkµ dkS'ky nsus esa os dkiZ.; D;ksa djus yxhaA
oRl! eSa ri% flfº ikdj vk jgk gw°] rqEgsa tks ek°xuk gS ek°x yksA nwljk fnu vk;kA ÁHkq mu loZyksoGs Çjh osG lkFk flagkluklhu gq,A
^vPNk* ckyd us mudh vksj vk'p;Z ls ns[kk vkSj lkFk dk de.Myq Hkkb;ksa us nksuksa ik'oZ osG pkej rFkk O;tu lEgkysA yksdiky ,oa l`f"VdŸkkZfn
muosG vkxs /kj fn;kµ^bl lfjrk dks blesa Hkj nhft,] eSa bls vius vkdj iknihB dks eqoGq VdksfV ls Li'kZ djosG ;FkkLFkku djcº [kM+s gksdj
vkJe osG lehi ys tkm°GxkA firkJh dks Luku djus ;gk° rd vkuk iM+rk Lrou djus yxsA lcls vUr esa ckyd vk;k vkSj ÁHkq osG iknihB osG lehi
gSA* riLoh us ckyd osG iSj idM+ fy,µ^rqe vYi o;Ld gksus ij Hkh djksa esa ÁHkq osG nf{k.k ikn dks fy, ohjklu ls cSBs Jh iouiq= osG vad esa
esjs xq#nso gks] rqeus esjk vgadkj u"V dj fn;kA* muosG eqMs+ nf{k.k ikn dh ta?kk ij gh cSB x;kA ^nknk* Jh vk¥tus; pkSoa Gs ]
;g rks mnkgj.k gS ;g le>kus dks fd ckyd osG eu esa dc D;k vk blls igys gh ckyd us viuk vydksa ls f?kjk Hkksyk eq[k muosG eq[k dh
tkosxk] dksbZ fBdkuk ughaA vksj mBk;k&^eSa vkidk iknlEokgu d:°xkA*
vxys gh fnu lkosGr esa JhlkosGrk/kh'k osG jkT;kjksg.k dh o"kZxkaB dk Jh iouoqGekj dks yxk fd ,slh foifŸk rks mu ij yadk osG ;qº esa Hkh
egksRlo gksuk FkkA lk;adky miou esa Jh Hkjr] y{e.k] 'k=q?u esa ppkZ dHkh ugha vk;h FkhA ;gk° leLr nso&nso's ojksa ,oa ÁHkq rFkk txnEck osG
py jgh Fkh&^bl ije eaxy fnol Hkh cz„k] f'kokfn dks ÁHkq osG iknihB Bhd lEeq[k ;g j?kqoa'kh ckyd mudk pj.k&laokgu djsxk\ ysfdu os
dks rfud nwj ls gh Hkwfe esa eLrd j[kdj Á.kke djuk iM+rk gSA ÁHkq osG ok;q iq= Kkfu;ksa esa vxzx.; gSaA mUgksaus >V ls ÁHkq dk nf{k.k pj.k ckyd
ikn&laokgu dk lkSHkkX; rks vosGys iouiq= dks ÁkIr gSA* osG djksa esa nsrs gq, dgk&^HkS;k! rqe vius firkJh dk pj.k lEokgu djks]
miou esa lehi ÿhM+k djrs ,d jk?ko&f'k'kq osG dkuksa esa Hkh ;g ppkZ okuj osG iSj dk D;k laokguA* guqekuth dks cgqr lUrks"k gqvk fd ckyd
iM+h vkSj lh/ks Hkkxk og JhlkosGr v/kh‹ojh ds lehiA* vEck eSa dy osG us muosG ikn&laokgu dk vkxzg ugha fd;kA og mudh nkfguh tka?k ij gh
egksRlo ds vUr esa ÁHkq dk ikn&laokgu d:°xkA* viuh okRlY;e;h cSBk&cSBk ÁHkq osG nf{k.k&pj.k dks vius uUgsa djksa ls laokgu djus yxkA
vEck ls f'k'kq dks oqGN dgus esa ladksp D;ksa gksrkA ^vPNk!* vEck us mlus osGoy flj mBkdj ns[k fy;k fd flagkluklhu vEck lfLer] lqÁlUuk]
Lusg ls viuk gkFk mlosG flj ij j[kkA rqe esjs vad esa vk tkuk] eSa rqEgsa okRlY;e;h n`f"V ls mlh dh vksj ns[k jgh gSaA in ij f'k'kq osG dksey
142 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 143

djksa dk Li'kZ gqvk rks ÁHkq us Hkh vius pj.kksa dh vksj ns[kkA ckyd dks dkSu\ O;FkZ Á'u gSA nhucU/kq osG cU/kqvksa dh Hkh dksbZ la[;k gSA og rks
ns[k dj rfud >qddj mUgksaus mlosG eLrd ij viuk nf{k.k dj j[kkA JhoRlkafdr o{k esa flj fNik;s f'k'kq&lk nck gS vad esa vkSj deyny&
Jh iouoqGekj dh nkfguh tk°?k ij cSBk] djksa ls ÁHkq osG nkfgus pj.k ykspuksa osG œik&fcUnq mlosG osG'k vkÊZ dj jgs gSAa vki Lo;a og rks ugha gSa\
dk laokgu dk lkSHkkX; ÁkIr og ckyd ftlosG flj ij ÁHkq dk nf{k.k
dj gS] dkSu gS\ ;g er iwfN;sA vius vkils iwfN;s fd vki Lo;a og
>k°dh&3 (xtsUÊ eks{k)
,d >k°dh xtjkt dks feyh FkhA {khjksnf/k osG e/; f=owGV osG f'k[kj
ckyd D;ksa ugha gSa\
ij fLFkr egkljksoj esa xtsUÊ tc xzkg ls la?k"kZ djrs&djrs Fkd pqoGs ] Mwcrs
>k°dh&2 (nhu&cU/kq) xtsUÊ us iqdkjk Fkk&^ukjk;.k!* vkSj fnO; >k°dh feyhA xtsUÊ dks {k.kk/kZ
egkjktkf/kjkt dh t;A dks'ky lezkV dh t;A jktlHkk osG }kj ls osG fy, feyh ;g >k°dhA os ej.kklÈk Fks] vkrZ FksA >k°dh dk vkuUn ysus dh
'kCn vk;k vkSj Jh iouoqGekj pkSoa Gs A ;g v;ks/;k osG fdlh uxjtu dk fLFkfr esa ugha Fks vkSj Jhgfj iyd >idrs x#M+ ls owGn iM+s FksA
Loj ugha] Átktu dk ugha] Áfrfnu vkus okys lqj&flº] Ωf"k&eqfu;ksa esa LoLFk eu vki ;g >k°dh vius vUrj esa vorh.kZ gksus nsaA
fdlh dk ugha vkSj ÁHkq rks flagklu ls mBrs tk jgs gSAa lkosGr dk fnO; D;ksa\
flagklu&mldh T;ksfr 'kr'kr T;ksRluk ls Hkh vf/kd mTToy vksj ve`rLiUnh blfy, fd ge vki lc xt gh gSaA lc xfr'khy gSaA lc tUe&ej.k
pUÊksTToy ekSfDrd >kyjHkwf"kr 'osrPN= osG uhps Hkxorh Hkwferu;k dks osG pÿ esa iM+s gSaA lc Hko leqÊ esa Mwc jgs gSa vkSj lcdks dky :i
okekax esa lknj cSBk;s e;kZnk iq#"kksŸke ml ij vklhu gSaA Hkjryky i`"BHkkx egkxzkg us idM+ j[kk gSA blls vius Á;Ru ls dksbZ NwV ugha ikrkA
esa N=&j{kd cus [kM+s jgsAa nksuksa ik'oks± esa oqGekj y{e.k vkSj 'k=q?u osG djksa vHkkX; ;g fd vkrZ gksdj ml pÿikf.k dks ge iqdkj Hkh ugha ik jgsA
esa O;tu ,oa pkej gSA ikni|ksa osG ihB osG lehi lk¥tfy cSBs osGljh oqGekj iqdkjus ij og vkus esa foyEc djs] ,slk gqvk ugha djrkA og vkrk gh gSA
vius ‚n;&xxu esa mls vkfoHkwZr dhft;s!
lglk mB [kM+s gq,A egf"kZx.k] eqfux.k] flºx.k&lc vius fnO;kluksa ij
fueZy uhy xxu esa tSls ,d lkFk dksfV&dksfV lw;Z mfnr gks x;s gks] fdUrq
pkSoa Gs A yksdikyksa esa ftUgksua s vHkh ÁHkq osG pj.kksa esa Áf.kikr ugha fd;k Fkk
'kr&lgÚ pUÊT;ksRluk osG leku fLuX/k&'khry Ádk'k gS ogA ,slk yxrk gS
vkSj vius ÿe dh Árh{kk esa iaf‰cº lk¥tfy] ureLrd migkj fy;s fd og Ádk'k gh ?kuhHkwr gksdj x#M+ cu x;k gSA Lo.kZ&ihr egkioZrkdkj
fouhr Hkko ls [kM+s Fks&lcus foLe; ls flj mBk;kA ^dkSu\ dkSu vk;k\* x#M+ vkSj muosG i{k&l¥pkyu ls lkeosn osG Lrks=&eU= lLoj mPpfjr gksrs gSAa
bUÊ] o#.k] ;ekfn Hkh tgk° Áek.k osG fy, iaf‰cº Árh{kkjr gS]a egf"kZ ,oa dguk dfBu gS fd igys lke osG Loj d.kZ esa iM+s vFkok T;ksfr osG n'kZu gq,A
flºtu Hkh tgk° ladkspiwod Z Áos'k djrs gS]a mu fuf[ky yksd&uk;d rh{.k rq.M] fodjky i¥tksa okys x#M+ dh ihB ij muosG vkjk/; cSBs
ijkRij ÁHkq dks Hkh fopfyr dj nsus okyh ok.kh fdldh gS\ ÁHkq mBs vkSj gSaA mu uohu uhjn ';ke osG v#.k o.kZ lqoqGekj Jhpj.k vkSj mudh dfV
nkSMr+ &s ls pys }kj dh vksjA /kuq"k NwV x;kA djLFk cka.k LdU/k ds mŸkjh; esa iguk ihrkEcj ifj/kkuµtSls x#M+ dh T;ksfr dks eUn djrh fo|qr
osG lkFk Hkwfe ij fxj x;kA ihNs jg x;ha egk'kf‰ fonsg ufUnuhA ÁHkq rks nkSM+ Jhgfj dh dfV esa fLFkj fyiV jgh gSA
iM+s gSAa iouoqGekj ihNs fLFkj jg x,A dksbZ nqcy Z ] efyu&oL= œ'kdk; pj.kksa osG uwijq ] dfV dh ef.kes[kyk] djksa osG oaGd.k] o{k dh jRuekyk
nhu lEeq[k fxjk&^nhucU/kq! ikfg!* og fxjk vkSj ;g >qdk lezkV~ dk Hkqtkvksa osG vaxn vkSj flj dk eqoGq V] d.kks± osG oqG.My] lc vn~Hkqr T;ksfreZ;
egkeqoGq V] ;s >qdh fo'kky Hkqtk;sa vkSj og rks bu Hkqtkvksa esa gh lek x;kA jRu_ fdUrq d.B esa nedrs jkxk#.k dkSLrqHk dh dkfUr loksiZ fj gSA
144 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 145

ou&ekyk osG e/; ls >k°drk&lk JhoRl fp  vkSj Hk`xqyrk rks ml dhµlSfudksa dh HkhM+A lcosG lc dop ifgusA /kuq"k] HkYy vkfn fy,
fo'kn o{k dks ekuksa eqÊkf¡r dj jgh gSA fdUrq 'kkUrA lc Ágkj dks m|r vkSj lsukifr osG vkns'k dh Árh{kk esA
gfjpUnu&pfpZr] rqylh&nke&ef.Mr o{k] dEcqd.B fo'kky ckgqvkrZ cgqr FkksMk+ µyxHkx ,d Qyk±x dk vUrj gS nksuksa lsukvksa osG e/; esa
tuksa dks vHk; ds ijkekJ; ;s Jhgfj osG fo'kkyckgq vkSj djksa esa fuf[ky vkSj e/; esa nksuksa vksj vfxze iaf‰ esa osGoy jFk gSaA fofHkÈk j¬ksa dh
yksdyyke yhyki˘] galksToy 'ka[k tSls lRoxq.k Lo;a l?ku gksdj djksa /otk;sa mM+krs jFk vkSj muesa tqrs fHkÈk&fHkÈk j¬ksa osG v'oA
esa vk x;k gSA jFkksa dh ;g nksuksa vksj lqfoLr`r iaf‰;k°_ foaGrq brus jFkksa esaµbu
xnkµdkSeksndh dh NVk nwljh gS vlqjj‰ ls v#.k] Hk‰Hk; gkfjdk lgÚ&lgÚ jFkksa esa ,d jFk lcls fHkÈk] lcls fofp= gSA lcls i`Fkd gS
;g xnk Jhgfj dks Hkxorh y{eh osG leku fÁ; gSA Jh Hkf‰&ifjiks"k.k ogA nksuksa nyksa osG e/; esa og ,d vksj ls pyrk vk;k vkSj vHkh&vHkh
osG dkj.k gfj dh nf;rk gS rks dkSeksndh Hk‰&Hk;&Hkatu osG dkj.k #d x;k gSA nksuksa vksj osG lHkh yksxksa osG us= #d x;s gSa mlh jFk ijA
Hkxoku~ dh fÁ;k gSA vkrrk;h vlqjksa osG fy, Hkh"k.krek ;g egkxnk gSA ,slk D;k gS ml jFk esa\ D;k ugha gS] ;g iwfN;sA ml jFk esa lc oqGN rks
pÿikf.k osG djksa dk lgÚkj egkpÿ lqn'kZu Hk‰ dh n`f"V iFk esa fofp= gSA og lc jFkksa ls mPp lcls vf/kd dkfUreku~ vkSj mlosG v'o
lkSE;% rstk gSA oSls og Áp.M Áy;kfXu Tokyko`Ÿk jgk djrk gSA egkdky gSa gjs j¬ osGA ,sls v'o tks i`Foh esa u ns[ks] u lquAs mlosG /ot ij gh
Hkh dk°irk gS muosG vnE; rst dks ns[kdjA okuj fp  ugha gS] /ot n.M ls fVdk ,d jDreq[k] Lo.kZihr jkse
fo'kky Hkky ij f?kjh vkrh ?kq°?kjkyh vyosaGA pk#rk dks lÁk.k egkHk;¡dj okuj cSBk gS ml ijA ml okuj dh vksj ns[krs gh Áfri{kh
djrk fryd] l?ku cad Hk`oqGVh vkSj fo'kky] jrukjs ykspu&œik dk 'kwjksa osG Ák.k lw[kus yxrs gSaA
vikj ikjkokj ygjkrk gS bu n`xksa esaA ml jFk dk jFkhµnksuksa lsukvksa esa ,dek= ogh jFkh gS tks Ágkjks|r
fLer&'kksfHkr v#.kk/kj] Qgjkrk ihr nqowGyA us=ksa ls o"kkZ gks jgh gSA ugha gSA og /kuq"k jFk esa Mkydj jFk osG fiNys Hkkx esa cSB x;k gSA mlosG
vuUr d#.kk dhA Nydrk Lusg&flU/kq v/kjksa osG fLer vkSj ÁHkq esa us=ksa esa vk°lw gSaA mlus gkFk tksM+ j[ks gSa vkSj vius lkjFkh dh vksj cM+s
vkrqjrk gS] osx gS] vHk;nku dh Rojk gSA dkrj Hkko ls ns[k jgk gSA
Hko&Hk;&Hkatu osG fy, mBrh&mBrh dlelkrh tSlh egkxnk ml jFk dk lkjfFkµog f=HkqoulqUnj lkjfFk Hkh D;k Hkwyus ;ksX;
dkSeksndh] ?kjZ&?kjZ ?kwerk Áp.M rstkse; egkpÿ Hkqtk esa&Jhgfj fuR; gSA ,d gkFk esa v'oksa dh yxke vkSj ,d esa pkcqd fy,] jFkh osG
x#M+k:<+] fuR; leq|r vkrZifj=k.k osG fy,A leku gh lokZ¬ dop ls <osG] jFkh osG leku gks nh?kZn`x] uoty/kj
Jhukjk;.k osG ;s ikni|] ;g lq/kkÚkoh u;u ljkst] ;g 'kk'or ';ke og lkjfFk] og oqGN frjNk ?kwek eq[k ihNs jFkh dh vksj fd;s oqGN
lathou fLer--------- dg jgk gSA
>k°dh&4 (ikFkZ lkjFkh) oqGN dg jgk gS og uUn?kks"k jFk dk lkjfFk vius xk.Mho/kUok jFkh
vcdk ugha] vkt ls ik°p lgÚ o"kZ iwoZ dk oqG#{ks=A u xzke vkSj u lsA mlosG irys yky&yky v/kj fgy jgs gSaA mlosG i˘iyk'k ykspuksa esa
uxjA tgk° rd n`f"V tk; osGoy jFk] gkFkh] iSny lSfudksa dk vikj lewg vuUr xkEHkh;Z] vikj d#.kk vkSj--------irk ugha D;k&D;k gS n`xksa esaA
gh n`f"V iM+rk gSA dgha dksbZ o`{k] dksbZ >kM+h ughaA osGoy euq";ksa og oqGN dg jgk gSA
146 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 147

>k°dh&5 (i{kh dh ihj) dj jgk gSA ysfdu Jhjke rksrs osG fiatM+s osG ikl tk [kM+s gq,µ^rqe rc
rd ftvksx!s * ;g LoLFk] lcy] fu"dEi Loj! ;e dk ;k e`R;q dk
^jke! JhjkepUÊ!* lcosG lc pkSoGs bl Loj lsA vR;Ur O;koqGy
lkgl gS fd og rksrs dks ekj nsA Jhjke ekrk ls vkKk ysdj mls cM+h ek°
pÿorhZ egkjkt n'kjFk th us Hkh b/kj&m/kj ns[kkA egkjkuh oSGosG;h us
osG Hkou esa Hkstdj tk jgs gSa rks og thfor jgsxkA
vius vks"B nk°rksa ls nck fy;sA mudh n`f"V dBksj gks x;h] fdUrq bl le;
oqGN cksyuk mUgksaus mfpr ugha ekukA >k°dh&6 (oh.kk&okfnuh)
^JhjkeHkÊ! rqe vkt oSGls gks x;s gks\ dgk° tk jgs gks\* ;g Lo.kZ& ^;k oqGUnsUnqrq"kkjgkj/koyk ;k 'kqHkzoL=ko`rk]
fiatM+s esa ikyk egkjkuh oSGosG;h dk rksrk cksy jgk gSA cM+k I;kj gSµjgk gS ;k oh.kkojn.Mef.Mrdjk ;k 'osrin~eklukA*
bl ij egkjkuh dkA Jhjke dks oYdy ifgus ou esa tkus dks m|r /;ku&/;ku vkSj oUnuk] tks Hkh dyk] fo|k osG {ks= esa oqGN djuk
ns[kdj og cksy iM+k gSA pkgrk gSµoqGN ikuk pkgrk gS] mls fo|k dh mu 'kqHkz T;ksfreZ;h
Jhjke ij 'kS'ko ls egkjkuh oSGosG;h dk cM+k Lusg jgk gSA os mudh vf/knsork osG Jhpj.kksa dk /;ku rks djuk gh gksxkA
xksn esa gh iys gSaA bl Hkou esa gh Hkkb;ksa osG lkFk ?kqVuksa pyrs] fdydrs os vuUr vikj nqX/kk.kZoA mTToyrk&'kqHkzrk dk vlhe foLrkj vkSj
c<+s gSaA ;gha os Ák;% jgrs vk;s gSaA ekrk dkSf'kY;k osG Hkou esa rks os cgqr mlesa rSj jgk gS ,d fo'kky 'osr galA mu nw/k dh ygjksa ij tSls ,d cgqr
de x;sµjgs gSaA bl rksrs ls Jhjke dk cM+k Lusg gSA bldk Hkh vius cM+k uouhr dk yksank galkdkj cuk rSj jgk gSA
jkepUÊ osG fcuk tSls dke gh ugha pyrkA muosG gkFk ls nkuk] Qy ;k gal osG lehi gh f[kyk gS ,d cgqr cM+k lgÚny iq.MjhdA iq.Mjhd
oqGN feys rks bldk isV HkjsA vFkkZr~ 'osr deyA ;g 'osr i˘ oqGN vf/kd mTToy gS ml vlhe
vkt dk Jhjke dk oYdy/kkjh os'k! egkjkuh oSGosG;h dk ;g :{k nw/kjkf'k ls] vU;Fkk nw/k osG leqÊ esa 'osr i˘ Hkyk nh[k ldrk FkkA
:i] egkjkt dh ;g fo‡y n'kkA rksrs us vkt ;g lc ,slk ns[kk gSµ 'osr i˘ dh HkkLoj NVkµ;g blfy, fd ml ij ,d T;ksfreZ;h
v;ks/;k us gh vdfYir ns[kk gS] rks ;g cspkjk rks fiatM+s esa cUn ijk/khu vklhu gSaA os 'osr&i˘klukµmUgksaus 'kqHkz oL= /kkj.k fd;k gSA muosG
i{kh gSA ysfdu Jhjke rks dgha tk jgs gSa] lkFk esa NksVs oqGekj vkSj o/kw Jhvax ij eq‰k ,oa ghjd osG mTToy vkHkj.k gSaA mudk oL=] muosG
Jhtkudh Hkh tk jgh gSaA Hk;] vk'kadk irk ugha D;k&D;k Fkk mlosG uUgsa vkHkw"k.k tSls T;ksfr gh ?kuhHkwr gksdj oL=kHkj.k cu x;h gSA
‚n; esaA og vc rd ekSu FkkA vc mlls ugha jgk x;kA os 'kqº lŸoe;hµmudk Jhvax] ml Jhvax dh NVk ls lq/kkdj us
^ge ou dks tk jgs gSa v#.kxzho!* Jhjke dk Loj LoLFk gS] fdUrq T;ksRluk m/kkj ik;h yxrh gSA os e`fnek] ek/kq;Z] 'kqHkzrk] T;ksRluk dh
mlesa tSls vlhe œik lkxj fgyksjs ys jgk gSA vdYiuh; Hkqou lqUnj egknsohA
^rqe dc ykSVksx\ s * rksrs us ia[k QM+QM+k;s O;koqGy gksdjA nw/k leqÊ] 'osri˘] oL=kHkj.k tSls lc mu Hkxorh ds Jhvax dh
^pkSng o"kZ es*a Jhjke cksy_s fdUrq bl ckj mudk Loj Hkh Hkkjh gks x;kA dkfUr ls 'kqHkz cus gSaA os oh.kk] iqLrd /kkfj.kh] LQfVd ekyk] oj eqÊk
^eSa rc rd thm°Gxk\* rksrs us vdLekr vdfYir iwNkA ^eq>s rqe Hkwf"krk] prqHkqZtk] fo'oojnk!
vius gkFk ls lj;w esa Mkyksxs u\ vHkh e:° eSa\ rfud #dksx\ s * fo'o us muosG Jhvax ls 'kqHkzrk dk Álkn ik;k gSA mudh Lof.kZe
tSls lcosG ‚n; QV tk;°xAs ;gh Á'u rks vkt ÁR;sd ‚n; Jhjke ls l?ku osG'kjkf'k] v¥tu jaftr [k¥tu n`x] ?kuœ".k Hkzwoyuh vkSj v/kj]
148 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 149

dj] pj.k dh v⁄qr e`nqy v#f.kek] Áœfr osG f=xq.k mu cz„fo|k osG egky{eh&jekµ,s'o;Z] vkÕkn] lEifŸk] le`fº dh os ijekf/knsohA
Jhvax dh Nk;k gh rks gSaA mudh œik dksj Hkyk fdls ugha pkfg, vkSj os gh dc œik&œi.k gqbZ
vkyksfdr gksrk gS ekul vkSj ml ekul dk vkyksd tc mPNfyr gksdj gSaA mudk ojn dj mBk gS] fuR; mBk gS vius f'k'kqvksa dks Lusgk'kh"k nsus
txr dks viuk mRl nsrk gSµ;qx&;qx ls ekuo mlh mRl dh oUnuk djrk vkSj mu djksa ls tks dkfUr >j jgh gSµykSfdd&ikjykSfdd leLr
vk;k gSA ÁfrHkkµ;g mu Hkxorh 'kkjnk dh œik dk Álkn gSA os tc fdlh ,s'o;Z rks mu dj&dkfUr dk lhdj ek= gSA
osG ekul esa i/kkjrh gS]a muosG fLer dk d.kka'k ÁfrHkk dk ikjkokj curk gSA os vuUr ,s'o;Z ,oa vuUr Álkne;h!
>k°dh&7 (egky{eh) >k°dh&8 (fu"kkn ds l[kk)
ljflt lq/kj dysoj] ljflt gLrk 'khy Lusg e;hA ^egkjktkf/kjkt dh t;!* mYykl] vkReh;rk] mRlkgµirk ugha
Jh oUns lkuqowGyk ojnk fuR;k flU/kqlrk˚ D;k&D;k gS bl t; /ofu esaA
lkSoqGek;Z] lkSUn;Z] lkSeuL; vkSj leLr lEink mudh œik ls gh lqj dksbZ pkSd
a k ughaA e;kZnk&iq#"kksŸke osG ifjdjksa esa dksbZ ugha tks ,slh ckrksa
Hkh ÁkIr djrs gSaA os JhµvuUr efgeke;h txTtuuhµvdYiuh; ls pkSoa Gs A Jh j?kqukFk th osG lehiµos jkt lHkk esa flagkluklhu gksa ;k
okRlY; >jrk gS vgfuZf'k muosG n`xksa lsµmuosG vad lsA vius vUr%iqj esa gks]a vdLekr~] fcuk iwoZ lwpuk fn;s dksbZ vk tk; rks Hkh
jkf'k&jkf'k vuqjkx tSls muosG ikVynyk#.k dysoj osG :i esa ?kuhHkwr Jh jk?kosUÊ osG lsod pkSd a k ugha djrsA os tkurs gSa fd muosG Lokeh osGoy
gqvk gSA vFkok muosG Jhvax dks 'kksfHkr djus okys v#.k dkS'ks; dh muosG gh ugha gSµ a irk ugha fdrus gSa tks v;ks/;k dks viuk ekurs gSAa
dkfUr dk d.k Álkn gh ≈"kk Áfrfnu Ákr% txrh osG Hkky dk oqaGoqGe Ωf"k&eqfu rFkk foÁoxZ osG vkxeu ij dgha ÁfrcU/k ugha gSA Jhjk?ko
fryd cuk;k djrh gSA osG l[kkvksa ij ÁfrcU/k Hkyk yxkosxk dkSu vkSj fo'o esa irk ugha dgk°&
os ifjiw.kZ fodp i˘fLFkrk] i˘gLrk] fuR; lqÁlUuµlqj] vlqj&flº dgk°] fdrus Hkkoukiwr Ák.k gSa] os v;ks/;k vk tk;° rks mudk vuqxzg_
lHkh mudh œik dVk{k osG lnk ls fHk[kkjh jgs gSaA vU;Fkk mudk vk‡ku rks v;ks/;kukFk dks mu rd igq°pus osG fy,
os vuUr'kk;h osG Jhpj.kksa esa vfr'k; vuqjkx ls lqfLFkj leklhukµ v/kZjkf= esa Hkh foo'k djus dks leFkZ gSA
vius gh vUr%d"kk; ls vO;ofLFkr ekul&ekuo us mUgsa piyk dgkA v;ks/;k dh jktlHkkµyksdiky Hkh ogk° vour onu lsodksa osG
os okRlY;e;hµmudk /;ku_ f'k'kq ekrk dk D;k /;ku djsxk\ lkFk gh [kM+s gksrs gSaA Jhjk?kosUÊ egkjkuh eSfFkyh osG lkFk jRukluklhu gSA
eu osG dYiuk&djksa ls Hkh Li'kZ djus esa tgk° ladksp gksrk gS] muosG os ekSf‰d >kyjksa ls f>yfeykrk gqvk 'osr ve`rL;Unh N= lq'kksfHkr gSA
e`fnek osG lkj loZLo] fdly; ny dksey yky&yky] T;ksfreZ; Jhpj.k] mu ik'ok±s esa y{e.k ,oa 'k=q?u osG djksa ds pkej rfud fojfer gq,A i`"BHkkx
pj.kksa dh dkfUr gh rks vukfn dky ls lpjkpj dks jkxk#.k cuk;s gSA esa O;tu fy;s Hkjryky dh n`f"V Hkh mBh vkSj fdf¥pr eq[k ?kqekdj ikn
pj.kµJhpj.kµpj.kry] os dksey ykfyek dh o"kkZ djrs pj.k osG lehi cSBs Jhek#fr us Hkh }kj dh vksj ns[kkA
ryµHkf‰iwr gks tkrk gS og ekul ftlesa mu pj.kksa dh jf'e dk dTTy&œ".k o.kZ] ÁyEc oiq] otziq"V 'kjhj fu"kknjkt cºk¥tfy]
vkHkkl Hkh vk ikrk gSA ufer flj] djksa esa oqGNµlEHkor% dksbZ nq"ÁkI; oU; Qy ;k vkS"kf/k
150 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 151

migkj Lo:i fy;s jktlHkk osG }kj ij gh fBBd x;s gSaA j‰kEcjk] fnO;kHkj.kHkwf"krk og f=iqjlqUnjhewfrZ o.kZu ls ckgj gSA iwf.kZek dk
;s jke l[kkµbUgsa }kjiky osGoy vfHkoknu dj ldrs gSaA lc tkurs pUÊek Qhdk yxsxk muosG inu[kdh dkfUr osG lEeq[kA mudk og v#.k
gSa fd egkjkuh osG vUr%iqj esa Hkh buosG igq°pus dh iwoZ lwpuk vuko';d pj.k fdruk e`ny q ] fdruk v#.k Fkk] blosG fy;s dksbZ miek ugha gSAa
ekuh tkrh gS_ fdUrq gSa ;s fd vius 'khyµvius ladksp esa lnk nwj ls gh osGoy pj.k&n'kZu djosG eq[k dh vksj n`f"V x;h rks ogha jg x;hA
Hkwfe ij n.Mor~ iM+rs gSaA eUnfLer Fkk mu fuf[kys'ojh osG Jheq[k ij vkSj mudh n`f"V esa Lusg
^fu"kknjkt! fe=!* fu"kknjkt jktlHkk osG }kj ij n.Mor~ iM+as] blls dkµokRlY; dk leqÊ fgyksjs ys jgk FkkA
iwoZ rks lezkV~ tSls flagklu ls owGndj nkSMs+ vkSj mUgksaus Hkj fy;k viuh ^ek°!* eSaus iqdkjk ughaA ‚n; us iqdkjk gksxk_ D;ksafd ;gh lpeqp ek°
fo'kky Hkqtkvksa esa fu"kknjkt dksA ijLij vadeky vkcº ;s fu"kknjkt gSa] ;g ‚n; iqdkj mBk FkkA
xqg vkSj Jh j?kqukFk! og ewfrZ lehi vkus yxhA flag py ugha jgk FkkA chp dh nwjh Lo;a
?kV jgh FkhA ewfrZ lehi vkrh x;h vkSj eSa [kksrk pyk x;kA eSa dc [kM+k
>k°dh&9 (ek° dk okRlY;) gks x;k] ;g eq>s gh irk ughaA
,d LoIu ns[kk eSauµs vki tkxrs gq, eu ls ;g LoIu ns[k ysaµ ewfrZ lehi vk x;hA flag esjs cSBus dh f'kyk ls lVdj [kM+k gks x;k
ioZr ij Vgyus fudyk FkkA ,d LFkku ij ,d f'kyk vPNh yxh rks FkkA esjs lkeus dsoy pj.k Fkk] mu flag&okfguh dk ef.k ds vkHkw"k.k ls
cSB x;kA f'kyk cM+h FkhA lkeus uhps us= fd;s tk,°] rc cgqr uhps iSGyk Hkwf"kr e`nqy v#.k T;ksfreZ; pj.kA
eSnku gSA phM+ osG o`{k ihNs gSaA lEeq[k ds ioZr&f'k[kj uhps okys eSnku ^ek°!* eSaus ;g pj.k vius nksuksa gkFkksa esa /khjs&ls fy;k vkSj mu ij
osG ml ikj nwj gSaA eLrd j[k fn;k /khjs&ls ghA esjs us= cUn gks x;s FksA
^ek°!* cSBdj n`f"V vkdk'k dh vksj mBkdj lgt Hkko ls iqdkj ^iq=!* dksbZ ve`r gks rks og Loj mls Hkh thou nsus okyk FkkA ,d
mBkA D;ksa iqdkj mBk] irk ughaaA djdk vrfdZr vkuUniwfrZ Li'kZ flj ij gqvk vkSj eSa tkx x;kA
fueZy uhy xxu LoPN FkkA lglk ,d T;ksfr ÁdV gks x;h mlesaA >k°dh&10 (xq# iwf.kZek)
vn~Hkqr T;ksfr Fkh ogA mls u lw;Z osG leku Á[kj T;ksfr dg ldrk gw° vkSj
u pUÊek osG leku dksey T;ksfrA pkjksa vksj tgk° rd n`f"V tk;] ,d gh jax gS 'osrA fxfj f'k[kj
T;ksfr esa ,d vkœfr mHkjhA fo'kkydk; flag FkkA bruk cM+k flag fgekPNkfnr gSaA bl 'kqHkzrk&lŸo osG e/; ,d oV&o`{k gSµ[kwc lkou
lalkj esa dHkh ugha gqvk gksxkA cM+&s ls&cM+k gkFkh Hkh mlosG lkeus cPpk vkSj ,dkdhA osG ewy esa cSBs gSa txr~ osG vkfnxq#A
dqUn&xkSj] f=ykspu] xaxk/kj] pUÊHkky] uhyd.B] vfgHkw"k.k]
yxsxkA flag osG ihys osG'k] xnZu dh osG'kjµlcls Ádk'k >j jgk FkkA
eq.Mekyh] dikyh] f='kwyh ÁHkq œfŸkokl i˘klu esa cSBs gSa vkSj i˘ikf.k
flag osG u[k vkSj nk°r tSls pUÊek osG VqdM+s djosG cuk;s x;s FksA mldh
mudh xksn esa iM+s gSaA
yky thHk fdruh dksey FkhA eu esa vk;k fd flag lehi gksrk rks mls
Hkwr&Ásr&fi'kkp] Mkfduh&'kkfduh&;ksfxuh vkfn lcdk fuokZg gS
iqpdkjrk] FkiFkikrkA
bu Jh pj.kksa esa] fdUrq ;s vk'kqrks"k Áy;¡j gSaA f=Hkqou dh HkLe djosG
vpkud flag dh ihB ij ,d vkSj ewfrZ ÁdV gks x;hA v"VHkqtk]
foHkwfr /kkj.k djrs gSaA ;sA
152 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 153

vki esa mRdV oSjkX; gS vkSj n`'; ek= dk ck/k djus okyk Kkuus= >k°dh&11 (xq#&nh{kk)
vHkh"V gS rks /;ku dhft;s vkt bu 'k'kk¡'ks[kj dkA ;s foj‰ lk/kd
osG vkfnxq#µoSjkX; ds ije vkn'kZ gSaA mŸkq¬ fgef'k[kj eLrd mBk;s [kM+s gSa pkjksa vksjA muosG e/; osGoy
lkFk gh Lej.k jf[k;s fd f'kox.k Hkwr&Ásr gSaA ÁeŸk dks os NksMr+ s ugha ,d oVo`{k gSµ;kstu fo'kky] vR;Ur l?ku oVo`{k vkSj mldh tVk,°
vkSj vÁeŸk ds os lehi ugha tkrsA LFkku&LFkku ij yVd jgh gSaA
dy&dy djrh vyduUnk vkSj gj&gj >jrh ljLorh dk laxe&rhFkZA o`{k ij dksbZ i{khµdksbZ Hkzej rd ughaA Hkwfe esa dgha dksbZ {kqi] yrk
pkjksa vksj d°Vhyh csj dh >kfM+;k° mx jgh gSAa ;g cnjhou gSA blesa dqN ;k r`.k ughaA ,d o.kZ 'osr /kjk esa vkSj fn'kkvksa esa HkhµtSls lkfRodrk osG
VsM&s+ es<s+ m°Gps&d°Vhys isM+ gSa 'keh osGA 'kE;kÁkl uke gS bl LFkku dkA bl lkezkT; esa jtl&rel vkus dk lkgl ugha ik losG gSaA
ljLorh osG rV ij iwoksZUeq[k oqG'kklu ij fojkteku gSa ,d œ".k dksbZ f'kox.k lehi ugha gSaA o`"kHk gSµoV ewy dh osfndk ls oqGN nwj
o.kZ] 'osrœ".k] lqxfBrdk; fnO; ewfrZA cSBk o`"kHk tSls ,d fo'kky fgef'kyk o`"kHkkdkj fojkteku gksA mlosG
vkt xq#iwf.kZek osG ikou volj ij osnksa osG O;kl&dŸkkZ] lEiw.kZ d.kZ&iqPN esa dgha dksbZ xfr] dksbZ dEi ughaA
iqjk.ksfrgkl osG Á.ksrk ijexq# Hkxoku~ œ".k}Sik;u dk /;ku&iwtu u oVewy esa osfndk ij O;k?kzkEcjij ÁHkq fojkteku gSaµfuf[ky yksd
fd;k tk; rks O;kl&iwf.kZek ls vkidks oqGN feysxk\ osG Kkunkrk ije xq#A i˘kluklhu ÁHkq osG i˘k#.k iknry ds lehi gh
vyduUnkµHkf‰ dh /kkjk vkSj ljLorh&Kku dh /kkjk osG laxe ij fodp i˘ikf.k }; gSaA
igq°puk gS rks 'kkL= dh dVhyh >kfM+;ksa ,oa deZ osG 'kehoqG¥t dks NksMk+ 'osrkfg uº xtpeZ dfV esa c°/kk gSA LQfVd /koy Jhvax HkLe&Hkwf"kr
ugha tk ldrkA gksdj viuk vfr'k; rst l· cuk jgk gSA ukx;Kksiohr] uhyd.B]
'kkL=] lRdeZ ,oa Jºk dk leUo; gh O;kl dh ok.kh dk lUns'k f=u;u] pUÊekSfy lqÁlÈk gSaA oke dj esa fuf[ky Kku /ofu dk mn~xe
‚n; rd igq°pkosxkA Me: gS vkSj nf{k.kks/oZ dj KkueqÊk cuk;s gSaA
dSyklµfo'kqº lŸo] cnjh ouµlŸoksUeq[k] jtksx.q k vkSj reksx.q kµ ÁHkq fdf¥pr~ okekfHkeq[k okeik'oZ esa vklhuk 'kSy's kufUnuh dks
thou dk oqG#{ks=A mins'k dj jgs gSAa flUnwjk#.k JhewfrZ] ikVy oL=] JºkHkfjr&n`x txTtuuhµ
dkSjo vkSj ik.Moksa dh lsuk 'kL=&lÈkº [kM+h gSA 'ka[k ct pqds gSa f'k'kqvksa ij fuR; ln;k nsoh bUgha HkokVoh esa HkVdrs vius vcks/k ckydksa
vc nksuksa nyksa osG e/; [kM+k gS ufUn?kks"k jFkA mM+ jgh gS ml ij okuj& osG dY;k.kFkZ rks vius vkjk/; ls Ák;% iFk&i`PNk fd;k djrh gSaA
/otk_ mldk jFkh xk.Mho&/kUok /kuq"k Mkys] gkFk tksM]s+ lkJqu;u cSBk gSA ÁHkq dk mins'kµijes'oj dh og ijk ok.kh rks fojfer ugha gqvk
gfjn~o.kZ v'o vkrqj gSa vkxs c<+us dks_ fdUrq mudh jf'e rFkk pkcqd djrhA Hkxorh vk|k dk og Jo.k dgha lhfer gksuk rks ugha tkurkA ekrk
ck;sa gkFk esa n`<r+ k ls lEgkys e;wj eqdVq h ihrkEcj/kkjh ikFkZ&lkjfFk KkueqÊk dk oSHko gS] og f'k'kq dk LoRo ugha gS] ;g dgus dk lkgl dkSu djsxkA
ls ladrs djrk xhrk dk vf}rh; mins'k dj jgk gSA
txn~x#q f'ko dk og lgtksins'kµvkiosG Ák.k lqurs gSa mls\ vUrns'Z k
;g txn~x#q µD;k fpUrk gS fd bfUÊ; v'o cgqr p¥py gSAa Áxzg&eu
esa lekfgr ekul egkok.kh dh /ofu ls /kU; gksrk gSA ;gh xq#nh{kkµ;gh
blds gkFk esa ns nks vkSj clA thou lr~&vlr~ ds laxzke esa my> x;k gS
okLrfod xq#&iwtk gSA
rks Hkh D;k! bl txn~x#q ls dsoy ,d ckr dfg;sµ^dfj";s opua roA*
154 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 155

>k°dh&12 (xq#&iwtk) dHkh fl[kykrk gSA HkÊ rks fnu Hkj oqGN&u&oqGN fl[kykrk gh jgrk gSA*
vc bu lcdks dUgkbZ xq# oSGls eku ysA
vkt xq#&iwf.kZek gSA czt osG xksi&ckyd xkspkj.k osG fy, ou esa
^eSa crykm°G\* HkÊ vusd ckj fcuk iwNs gh crykus yxrk gSA vkt
vk;s rks dUgkbZ us lcls dg fn;kµ^eq>s vkt <sj lkjs iq"i pkfg,A*
Hkh crykus yxkµ^tks cM+k] og xq#A*
lcosG lc ckyd iq"i ,d= djsaxs rks iq"iksa dh cM+h jkf'k rks ,d=
vkidks bl vFkZ esa dksbZ vkifŸk gS\
gks gh tk;xhA ,d f'kyk ij iqf"ir dnEc osG uhps ';ke us iq"i&jkf'k
^cM+k dkSu\* dUgkbZ us iwNkA
ltkbZ vkSj nkmG dk gkFk idM+kµ^nknk! rw bl ij cSB tk!*
^viuk /keZA* HkÊ us dg fn;kµ^rw pkgs rks eki dj ns[k ysA*
D;ksa\* nkmG dnkfnp gh dHkh iwNrs gSaA mudk ;g piy vuqt tks
Jh cztjkt ckck dk xtjkt osG leku mŸkqax egko`"kHk /keZ cM+k gSa]
dgs] mls fcuk iwNs djrs jguk budk LoHkko gS_ fdUrq vkt iwN fy;kA
blesa ekius dh vko';drk Hkyk D;k gS vkSj ,slk dkSu&lk lisGn tVk
^vkt xq#&iwtk dk fnu gSA* dUgkbZ cksykµ^ge lc rsjh iwtk djsxa As *
nk<+h okyk osnksa dk ije fo}ku gS tks /keZ dks rFkk mlosG Lo:i o`"kHk dks
^ge lc nknk dh iwtk djsxa As * vc lc ckydksa esa mRlkg meM+kµ^;g
xq# Lohdkj djus esa eLrd fgyk nsxk\
ge lcdk xq#A*
/keZ xq# gS vkSj /keZLo:i egko`"kHk /keZ Hkh xq# gS_ fdUrq bl Jh
gS fdlh egkif.Mr esa lkgl fd dg losGµ^;s vuUr fuf[ky lqjklqj
cztjkt oqGekj dks vkt ;g xq# ugha pkfg,] vr% ckck osG ikl nkSM+
osG ijexq# ugha gSa\*
x;sµ^ckck! vkiosG xq# dkSu gSa\*
nkmG nknk dks irk gS fd vc mUgsa pqi&pki ml lfTtr iq"i&jkf'k
^egf"kZ 'kkf.MY;* ckck dks blesa oqGN lkspuk ugha Fkkµ^os ge lHkh
ij cSB tkuk gSA py iM+h mudh iwtkA ckyd ekY;&xzUFku] /kkrq&eaMy
xksiksa osG xq# gSaA*
vkSj nknk dk ‹k`a¬kj djus esa yx x;s] vkt dh bl xq#&iwtk dk iqjks/kk
^vki ijlksa Ákr% mudh iwtk djsaxs u\* dUgkbZ us vuqjks/k fd;k
rks dUgkbZ vius vki cu x;k gSA
^eq>s Hkh ys pyuk! eSa Hkh mudh iwtk d:°xkA mudh iwtk djosG vkdj
dUgkbZ dks oSls rks dksbZ ckr nks {k.k Lej.k ugha jgrh_ fdUrq bls
rc xk;ksa dks ou esa ys tkšxkA*
dHkh&dHkh dksbZ /kqu p<+rh gS vkSj og /kqu iwjh gq, fcuk rks mrjus ls jghA
^ij mudh iwtk rks ge yksx nksigj esa djrs gSaA ckck us cryk;kµ
ijlksa =;ksn'kh dks lcsjs mBrs gh bls irk ugha oSGls /kqu p<+ x;hA blus eS;k
^Ákr% rks egf"kZ vius xq#nso dh iwtk djus vius ;ksx cy ls tkrs gSaA*
ls iwNkµ^eS;k jh! xq# dkSu gksrk gS\*
^egf"kZ osG xq# dkSu gSa\ dUgkbZ us iwNkA
^yky! viuh ekals iwN ysukA* eS;k vius bl uV[kV dh ,slh ckrksa
^Hkxoku 'kadj osG egf"kZ lk{kkr~ f'k"; gSAa * ckck us cM++s Lusg ls le>k;kA
esa iM+k ugha djrh vkSj lcsj&s lcsjs eS;k dks vodk'k Hkh dgk°A vr% mlus
^vki vkt egf"kZ ls ÁkFkZuk dj vkvksA* dUgkbZ us >V ÁLrko fd;kµ
dg fn;kµ^eq>s rks irk ughaA*
^^os vius xq#nso dks fueU=.k ns vkosa os xq#&iwtk dks ;gha vk tk,° rks
^ek°! xq# fdls dgrs gSa\* dUgkbZ us ek° jksfg.kh dk gkFk idM+kA
egf"kZ vkSj ge lc mudh iwtk dj ysaxAs *
^tks vius dks oqGN fl[kykos og xq#_ ek° us lh/kh ckr dg nhA
ckck dks blesa vkifŸk rks D;k gksuh FkhA os rks Lo;a mRlkg esa vk x;s
^mgq°* dUgkbZ us viuk vydksa ls Hkjk eLrd fgyk fn;kA mls ;g
vkSj mUgksaus tc tkdj egf"kZ ls mlh fnu ÁkFkZuk dh rks egf"kZ us lg"kZ
ifjHkk"kk #fp ughaA eq>s rks lc fl[kykrs gh jgrs gSA rksd Hkh eq>s dHkh&
mudh ÁkFkZuk Lohdkj dj yhA os mlh fnu e/;k  esa oSGykl igq°p x;sA
156 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 157

^uUn czt igq°puk rks esjk ije vHkh"V gSA* lqudj Hkxou /kwtZfV us ladksp u gks] iwjh lko/kkuh bldh os j[krh gSaA
dgkµ^fdUrq 'kf.MY;! vius xq#nso dh mifLFkfr esa f'k"; fdlh osG nwokZny ';ke vkSj Lo.kZ&xkSj pkjksa dqekj yxHkx ,d vkœfr ds] ,d&lh
}kjk dh x;h iwtk Lohdkj djs] ;g fo/kku rqe djus okys gks\ rqe lTtk&‹k`xa kj esa gSAa ?kq?a kjkyh vydsa lqxfU/kflf¥pr gSAa Hkkyij mu yVdrh
ik¥pjk=kxe osG vkpk;Z ,slk fo/kku djks rks #Ê rks vkS?kM+ gSA Jh cztUs Ê vydksa osG e/; dTtyfcUnq gSA cM+&s cM+s ykspu v¥tue¥tq gks jgs gSaA
uUnu osG n'kZu osG yksHk esa ;g bls Hkh Lohdkj dj ysxkA* d.B esa iryh gYdh jRu&ekyk] dfV esa jRu&es[kyk] djksa esa oaGd.k]
^vkiosG xq#nso\* egf"kZ rfud pkSaoGs A pj.kksa esa uwiqjA pkjks fnxEcj gSaA pkjks ef.k&Ák¬.k esa vkt ?kqVuksa osG cy
^#Ê vfgcq/Z u gS] ;g rqEgsa Lej.k ugha\* Hkxoku uhyd.B us dgkµ pyus esa yxs gSaA
rqEgsa Hkh ;g crykuk gS fd uUn&Hkou esa ogh vuUr bu fnuksa Lo;a mifLFkr gSAa * Jhjke rfud vkxs fudysA Hkjryky muosG ihNs gks fy;sA y{e.k] 'k=q?u
^rqedks e;kZnk&foo'k xksiksa dh rFkk cztjkt oqGekj dh iwtk xzg.k nksuksa ik'oks± esa py iM+s Hkjr osGA #u>qu uwijq &fdafd.kh dh /ofu xwt
° us yxhA
djuh iM+rh gSA* Hkxoku f'ko us vius f'k"; dks LusgiwoZd le>k yky&yky vkB djksa osG dey ml ef.k&Hkwfe dks ljdrs Hkwf"kr djus yxsA
fn;kµ^fdUrq eq>s ,sls ladksp esa Mkyus dk vkxzg rqEgsa ugha djuk pkfg,A* v#.k pj.kry vkB vkSj vkBks ije lqoqGekj otz] vaoqG'k] irkdk]
egf"kZ 'kkf.MY; ykSV vk;sA mUgksaus cztjkt ckck dks le>k fn;k vkSj ljkst lkeqfÊd lQy lukFk gks x;k mlh fnu bu vkB f'k'kq&pj.kksa osG
ckck rks egf"kZ dh ckr dHkh Vkyrs ughaA fp  dk o.kZu djosGA
^rqEgkjs xq# rqEgkjs ;s nknk gSaA* ckck us dUgkbZ dks dy gh iqpdkj yky&yky ljdrs vkxs pyrs Jhpj.k Jhjke osGA Hkjr dh n`f"V
dj le>k fn;kA egf"kZ dgrs gSaµ^rqe yksx bUgha dh iwtk dj yksA pj.kksa ij gh gSA os pj.kksa osG ihNs gh pys tk jgs gSaA irk ugha D;k gqvk]
Hkxoku 'kadj fQj dHkh vius ;gk° viuh bPNkuqlkj vk tk;°xAs * Jhjke rfud #osG] ,d iSj oqGN lh/kk fd;k mUgksauAs ikn ry ef.kHkwfe esa
^vPNk!* dUgkbZ us Hkh fcuk dksbZ gB fd;s ckck dh ckr eku yhA ÁfrfcfEcr gks mBk! yyddj yiddj Hkjr us mls ÁfrfcEc dks idM+us
vc vkt lcsjs ;g lc l[kkvksa osG lkFk nkmG nknk dh iwtk esa yx x;k osG fy, nkfguk gkFk ogk° j[kkA
gSA nkmG leLr xq#vksa osG ije xq#µvkidks blesa dksbZ vkifŸk gS\ ^¨* Hkjr dks jksuk ugha vkrk_ fdUrq muosG eq[k ls oqGN fujk'kk tSlh
>k°dh&13 (pj.k&fp klfDr) /ofu fudyhA
egkjktkf/kjkt n'kjFk th osG jktlnu dh 'kksHkk vkSj oSHko dk o.kZu ^vjs] D;k gqvk\* Jhjke eqMd + j cSB x;sA cksyuk vHkh fdlh dks
esjs o'k dk ugha gSA muosG vUr%iqj osG Ák¬.k dh ckr dj jgk gw°A vkrk ughaA vuqt osG eq[k ij viuk uUgk dey&dj j?kqukFk us j[kkA
LQfVd dk mTtoy Ák¬.k gS egkjkuh oSGosG;h osG lnu dkA ,slk LoPN tSls iwN jgs gksaµ^rqEgsa D;k gqvk\ D;k pkfg;s rqEgsa\*
tSls cgqr fueZy niZ.k gksA iwjs Ák¬.k dks loZFkk fjDr j[kk x;k gSA Hkjr dk /;ku vHkh b/kj ugha gSA os Hkwfe esa ÁfrQfyr Jhjke osG
jktoqGekj ÿhM+k djrs gSa bl Ák¬.k esaA pj.kksa dh gh vksj ns[k jgs gSaA vius djls mls idM+uk pkgrs gSaA Á;Ru
vo/k ujs'k osG pkjksa jktoqGekj Ák;% lkFk gh jgrs gSaA os Ák¬.k esa gSa rks lQy gksrs u ns[kdj muosG cM+&s cM+s n`xksa esa vJq >yeykus yxk gSA
lsfodkvksa dks Hkh bl vksj vkus dh vkKk ugha gSA Lo;a egkjkuh Hkh vkM+ ^D;k gks x;k gS\* ik'oZ ls nksuksa xkSj oqGekj Hkh vkdj lehi cSB x;s
esa&ls gh vius ykyksa osG yhykoyksdu dk vkuUn ysrh gSa bu ckydksa dks gSaA os Hkh >k°d ysuk pkgrs gSa fd muosG ;s lkSE; uhy vxzt D;ksa jksu&s jksus
158 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 159

dks gks mBs gSaA mrj jgs FksA lcdks 'kh?kz mrj tkuk Bgjk jFk lsA vkt JhfonsgufUnuh
^rqe jksvks er! eSa bls idM+rk gwA° * Jhjke cksy rks ugha ldrs_ fdUrq muosG lkFk ugha FkhaA os jktlnu esa gh jg xbZ FkhaA
eq[k] us=] gkFk lcdh Hkaxh ;gh dgus yxh gSA vius NksVs HkkbZ osG eq[k dh Hkjr th us eq‰k&>kyjksa ls ef.Mr 'osr N= lEgkyk] y{e.k vkSj
BqMM
~ h ij gkFk ?kqek;k mUgksua s vkSj vius pj.k ds ÁfrfcEc dks idM+us >qoGs A 'k=q?u vius djksa osG pkej fy;s ik'oZ esa gks x;sA lkjfFk lqeU= ek= jg
^;g fdlh osG gkFk D;ksa vkrk\* vc pkjksa oqGekj ckjh&ckjh ls ;k x;s jFk ijA mUgsa v'oksa dks lEgkyuk Fkk vkSj ns[kuk Fkk fd muosG vkjk/;
lkFk gh ml ÁfrfcEc dks idM+us dk Á;kl dj jgs gSaA dk muosG fy, D;k vkns'k gksrk gSA
^Hkjr jksu&s jksus dks gks x;s Fks vkSj vc ;s pkjks flj ls flj fHkM+k;s oqGN Jh guqeku th us dksbZ vkrqjrk O;‰ ugha dhA os 'kkUr xEHkhj lcosG ihNs&
uhps eq[k fd;s djus yxs gSaA D;k gS ogk°\* ekrk oSGosG;h n`f"V] eu] Ák.k ihNs pyus yxsA Jhjke dgk° tk jgs gSa] ;g ckr vc Li"V gks xbZ FkhA
lc bu ckydksa esa gh yxs jgrs gSaA os l'kad gks x;haA dgha jke ;k Hkjr ds lj;w rV ij fueZy iqfyu esa ,d eqfuoqGekj vklu yxk;s /;kuLFk cSBs
dksey pj.kksa esa dksbZ&/kwfy&d.k rks pqHk ugha x;kA FksA xkSjo.kZ] dfi'ko.kkZ my>h tVk;sa vkSj dfV esa osGoy dkSihu ek=A
^vjs D;k gks x;k gS rqe dks\* ekrk lehi vk x;ha vius iq=ksa osGA i˘klu ls cSBs mudh xksn esa muosG gkFk ,sls iM+s Fks tSls dey dk iq"i gksA
Jhjke us eq[k ?kqek;kA ekrk dh lkM+h ,d gkFk ls idM+dj [kM+s gks e/;k  dk le;] xzh"e Ωrq] lj;w dh js.kqdk m".k gksus yxh FkhA eqfu
x;sA vc vius gkFk osG laoGs r ls Hkwfe fn[kykus yxs gSaA mudh Hkaxh dgrh oqGekj dk xkSjeq[k v#.k gks jgk Fkk vkSj ml ij Losnd.k pedus yxs FksA
gSµ;g gekjh idM+ esa ugha vkrkA bls rqe idM+ nks!* Jh j?kqukFk us iknqdk /kkj.k ugha dh Fkh] vr% lHkh uXu in FksA eqfu
ysfdu dgk° Hkkx x;k og yky&yky dey tSlk inkFkZ\ Hkjr] oqGekj rks /;kuLFk FksA pqipki muosG ihNs igq°pdj Jhjke rfud ihNs ?kwes
y{e.k] 'k=q?u vkSj Jhjke Hkh Hkwfe dks pfdr ns[k jgs gSaA ekrk Hkh ogk° vkSj Hkjr osG gkFk ls 'osr N= mUgksaus Lo;a ys fy;kA
oqGN ns[kuk pkgrh gSaA Jhjke [kM+s gks x;s rks vc ÁfrfcEc dgk° ls nh[ksA fuf[ky&cz„k.M&uk;d vius gkFkksa esa N= fy;s eqfuoqGekj osG ihNs fLFkj
>k°dh&14 (n;ke;) [kM+k FkkA rhuksa HkkbZ vkSj guqeku LrC/k jg x;sA tSls in Hkh ladksp ls #º gks
x;s gksAa gypy ep xbZ Fkh ml le; nsoyksd esAa egsUÊ dg jgs Fksµ^vkt ls
egkjktkf/kjkt e;kZnk iq#"kksŸke Jhj?kqukFk th j?kqoGq y ds xq# egf"kZ
i`Foh ij dgha dksbZ riLoh] lk/kd] czk„.k =srk osG vUr rd /kwi esa pys ;k cSB]s
of'k"B th osG n'kZu djosG xq#nso ds vkJe ls ykSV jgs FksA e/;k  Luku&
esjs es?kksa dks lko/kkuh iwod
Z ml ij Nk;k cuk;s j[kuk pkfg;sA*
lU/;k dk le; lehi FkkA blfy, og 'osr jax osG pkj v'oksa okyk
rky/ot jFk jktlnu dh vksj u vkdj lj;w rV dh vksj eqM+ x;kA >k°dh&15 (lnkf'ko dh lnk'k;rk)
^vk;Z! v'o jksoasGA* vpkud lkjfFk dks vkns'k gqvk vkSj laoGs r ^ckck! rqe Hkwr&Ázrs D;ksa lkFk j[krs gks\ mlus Hkxoku~ fo'oukFk ls
feyrs gh jFk osG v'oksa osG in fu'py gks x;sA vpkud iwN fy;kA
^D;k gqvk\* fdlh us iwNk ugha_ fdUrq Jh Hkjryky] y{e.kth] og cgqr /k`"V gS vkSj vki tkurs gh gSa fd ckyd lPps vFkZ esa
oqGekj 'k=q?u lcdh n`f"V iou oqGekj dh vksj mB x;hA ;s guqeku th gh loZrU=&LorU= gksrk gSA ckyd osG fy, u dgha e;kZnk gS vkSj u dgha
gSa tks vius Lokeh osG ladYi dks rRdky le> ysrs gSaA dksbZ ÁfrcU/kA fQj ;s xksyksd osG ckyd&dUgkbZ osG l[kkvksa dh LoPNUnrk
fdlh dks oqGN dgus&lquus dk le; ugha feykA Jh j?kqukFk jFk ls ls rks yksdÚ"Vk fo/kkrk Hkh gkFk gh tksMr+ s gSaA
160 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 161

Hkxoku~ xaxk/kj vkt xksyksd i/kkjs gSaA ';kelqUnj us nkSMd + j Lokxr >k°dh&16 (ijkRij ukjk;.k)
fd;k mudkA vHkh os Bhd fey Hkh ugha ik;s fd ,d ckyd us mudk Hkxoku~ ukjk;.kµysfdu os ukjk;.k ugha tks f}Hkqt gSa] Lo.kZ o.kZ gSa]
nf{k.kdj idM+dj fgyk fn;kA ;g Hkh pUÊekSfy dk vfr'k; LusgHkktu Hkys ihrkEcj/kkjh JhoRlo{kk gSaA ftUgksaus egkjkt ukfHk osG ;K esa n'kZu
gSA pkgs tc oSGyk'k tk igq°prk gS vkSj igq°p rks tkrk gS uhyd.B ÁHkq osG fn;k vkSj mUgsa ojnku nsdj muosG iq= :i ls Ω"kHkkorkjA
ikl rc Hkh tc os vius x.kksa osG lkFk egk'e'kku esa gksrs gSaA mu Hkxoku~ fo".kq dh Hkh ckr ugha tks 'osr }hikf/kifr] 'kf'k o.kZ]
ckyd osG eu esa dc D;k ftKklk mBsxh bldk dksbZ fu;e rks gS ugha prqHkqt
Z gSAa mu 'kCn cz„'kjhjh] fueZy lw;Z osG leku dkfUreku 'osr&dey
vkSj vius Á'u mfpr le; ij iwNus dk /kS;Z gks rks og ckyd gh oSGlkA dh ekyk /kkj.k djus okys] 'kÃ] pÿ] xnk ,oa 'osr i˘/kkjh dh Hkh ckr
Hkxoku~ vk'kqrks"k us ns[kk mldh vksj vkSj g°lµs ^blfy, fd os rqEgsa ugha_ ftUgksaus egf"kZ dnZe dks n'kZu fn;k vkSj muosG iq= :i esa Hkxoku~
g°lk;k djsa vkSj rqe muosG lkFk [ksy ldksA* dfiy gksdj vorfjr gq,A u mu =srk osG vkjk/; ;K iq#"k dh ckr tks
^eSa ugha [ksyrk muosG lkFkA* ckyd us flj >Vd fn;k tksj lsµ^g°lkus 'kqDy] prqHkZqt] f=es[kyk/kkjh gSaA
dks vkSj lkFk [ksyus dks viuk ;g dUgkbZ D;k de gS\* xHkksZn'kk;h mu egkfo".kq dh ckr Hkh ugha] tks v"VHkqt gSa] tks Ák;%
os ;gk° rks dHkh vkrs ughaA HkwrukFk ÁHkq us x.kksa dk i{k fy;kµ^rqe nsorkvksa dh lgk;rk ,oa vlqjksa osG lagkj osG fy, ÁdV gksrs gSaA ftu Hkwek
muls #"V D;ksa gks\ rqedks fdlh us dHkh Mjk;k\ iq#"k ds lehi vtqZu dks ysdj Jhœ".k x;s FksA tks n{k osG ;K esa
^eq>s Mjk;sxk dksbZ\* ckyd us NksVk&lk ?kw°lk ck°/k fy;kµ^ysfdu Hkxoku~ 'k¡j osG lUrq"V gksus ij i/kkjs FksA
muesa dksbZ vPNk ugha gSA ckck! rqedks lkFk j[kus dks dksbZ vPNs nh[kus ckr bl cz„k.M osG ikyd {khjlkxj'kk;h prqHkqZt 'kÃ] pÿ] xnk]
okys lsod ugha feyrs\* i˘/kkjh] lkxjuhyoiq ÁHkq dh ugha vkSj u blh Lo:i okys jke oSoGq .BukFk
^HkS;k!* cM+s I;kj ls iqpdkjk lnkf'ko us ckyd dksµ^vPNs yksxksa dh gh gSA mudh Hkh ugha] ftu dkj.kkfC/k'kk;h dh ukfHk&dey ls yksdÚ"Vk
dks lc vius ikl j[kuk pkgrs gSaA cspkjs Hkwr&Ásrksa dks Hkh rks dgha LFkku cz„k mRiÈk gq,A
pkfg,A rqe muls :Bks er!* vuUr dksfV cz„k.Mksa ds ijeikyd] losÇ Z jsÇj ij oSoGq .BukFk Hkxoku~
^eSa dgk° :Brk gw°A* ckyd ÁlÈk gks x;k gSA mlosG ;s ckck fdrus ukjk;.k dh ckrµtgk° Áœfr&Ákœr Ái¥p dh Nk;k Hkh ughaA
vPNs gSaA lpeqp Hkwr&Ásr cspkjsµbUgsa dgk° dksbZ vius ikl fVdus nsrk T;ksfreZ; fpn~?ku oSoGq .B vkSj vkuUn?ku oSoGq .B vkSj vkuUn?ku oSoGq .B
gSA ckck budks Hkh iky ysrs gSaA budks Hkh dgha 'kj.k pkfg,] ;g ckr osG ik"kZnA tgk° ,d gh rŸo gSµÁseA tgk° ,d gh thou gSµvkjk/kuk
ckyd dh NksVh&lh cqfº esa Hkh vk x;h gSA tgk° ,d gh xfr gS vkjk/; dh bPNkA
^ckck! rqe cgqr vPNs gksA* ;g ckyd dh Lrqfr gS vkSj blls mŸke deyrUrq'osr] lgÚQ.k ekSfy vuUr tgk° dHkh i;Z¡ nh[krs gSa]
Lrqfr Hkxoku~ dks Hkh Jqfr esa ugha feysxhA dHkh flagklu vkSj dHkh uhy&olu] ,d oqG.My] Lo.kZxkSj Áeq[k ifjdjA
^vPNs rks rqe gks!* nf{k.kdj idM+s ckyd osG diksyksa dks Nwrk mu ije lqUnj] ihrkEcj ifj/kku] uhy euksgj oiq] dkSLrqHk d.B]
Hkxoku~ 'k¡j dk okedj Lusg ls vydksa rd igq°p x;k gS vkSj lehi JhoRlo{kk] prqHkqZt dey&ykspu dh lsok esa 'kÃ] pÿ] xnk] i˘
[kM+s mlosG uhy lqUnj l[kk osG us= Hkh d#.kk ls Hkj vk;s gSaA lkdkj leqifLFkr jgrs gSaA
162 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 163

mu losZÇj dk Jhfoxzg yxrk gS tks œik osG ?kuhHkko ls gh cuk gSA dh vk'k¡k Hkh vdkj.k gSA
vtÚ vuUr d#.kk d#.kk.kZo osG jkse&jkse ls >j jgh gSA ,d gh dk;Z] ge vki lc mu Jh osG v¡ esa gh lks jgs gSAa vfpUR; vlhe mPN~ofyr
,d gh O;lu gS mUgsaµn;k djrs jgukA okRlY; dh ewfrZ Hkxorh Fkh vkSj os loZÇjsÇj ijeÁHkq nks gksa rks nks v¡ dh
mu T;ksfr Lo:i osG Jhfoxzg ls tks jkf'k&jkf'k jf'e;k° fodh.kZ gks ckr lksph tk;A tgk° ns'k gh ugha] ogk° }Sr dkSu mRiÈk djsxkA
jgh gSaµge vki lc mu jf'e;ksa osG gh :i gSaA os jf'e;k° gh tho gSaA ;g muosG v¡ esa lks jgs vuUr&vuUr tho mu lfPpnkuUn osG vius
nwljh ckr gS fd ge mu ijkRij ÁHkq dh vksj tc ugha ns[krsµirk ugha va'k] muosG Lusg Hkktu] mudh œik osG lgt LoRokf/kdkjhµfoaGrq lks jgs
dgk° ls mudh vrD;Z ek;k 'kf‰ ;g Ái¥p ÁdV dj nsrh gS vkSj ge gSa ge vkSj LoIu ns[k jgs gSaA LoIu us dYi&dYikUrj dh dksfV&dksfV
vius dks irk ugha D;k&D;k le>us yxrs gSaA Ádk'k ls ihB nsdj [kM+s cz„k.Mksa dh l`f"V dj j[kh gSA ge HkVd jgs gSaµLoIu esa HkVd jgs gSaA
gksus ij lkeus Nk;k gh rks gksxh vkSj Nk;k rks foœr gksrh gh jgrh gSA
^Lokeh! ;s vkiosG vius va'k] vkiosG tu vkSj ;s txr~ esa tk jgs gSaA >k°dh&17 ({khj'kk;h)
vkidh ÿhM+kµvkidh bPNk* vuUr okRlY; flU/kq meM+ vk;k Fkk vuUr vxk/k {khj leqÊ gSA nw/k dh mtyh cgqr m°Gph ygjsa mB jgh
HkxorhJh esaµmeM+rk gh jgrk gS ogA os ÁkFkZuk dj jgh Fkhaµ^ÁHkq! gSaA nw/k dk >kx mNy jgk gSA ,d LFkku ml nw/k&leqÊ osG Hkhrj fofp=
Ádk'k ls ijk≥~eq[k Ák.k HkVd tkrs gSa vkils HkVdj bUgsa vkiosG Jhpj.k gSA ogk° ygjksa us ,d fo'kkyµ;kstuksa fo'kky LFkku NksM+ fn;k gSA tSls
fey ugha ldrs vkSj rc buosG vlhe nq%[k dk vUr ugha gksus okyk gSA* nw/k dh nhokjksa] Nrksa ls cuk og vdYiuh; foLrkj okyk d{k gksA
^ugha gksxk nsfo!* ijkok.kh Hkh ftldh Áfr/ofu ek= gS] og gS] og ml LFkku ij egk Ádk'k gSµmTToy] 'kkUr] fLuX/k Ádk'kA fdldk
Loj xw°tkµ^;gha rks budk ikFks; gSA vlUrks"k] v'kkfUr ns fn;k gS eSaus Ádk'k gS] ;g er iwfN;sA ogk° tks oqGN gS] lc Ádk'ke; gSA
thoksa dks vkSj ;g budk ije /ku gSA dksbZ HkkSfrd lq[k] dksbZ Hkksx] 'osr o.kZ lgÚQ.k Hkxoku 'ks"k gSa vkSj muosG Q.kksa osG iSGys N=ksa ij
ifjfLFkfr bUgsa lEiw.kZ lq[k&lUrks"k ugha ns losGxh] bUgsa ck°/k Hkh ugha nhfIreku ef.k;k° txex dj jgh gSA mUgha esa ls ,d Q.k ij cz„k.M jkbZ
losGxhA* osG leku /kjk gSA
^;s HkVdrs gh jgsax\s * yxk fd n;ke;h Êo cu tk;saxhA mu Hkxoku~ 'ks"k dh oqG.Myh ij vkfniq#"k Jhukjk;.k v/kysVs iM+s
vUrr% HkVdko bUgsa lqcqº djsxk vkSj ;s iqdkjsax!s * ije ÁHkq dh gSaA mudk T;ksfreZ; fnO; nsgµfueZy uhy f{kfrt osG leku gSA ml nsg ls
œik Lo;a Loj cu x;ha FkhµvkSj rqe tkurh gks fd eSa budh iqdkj dh gh jkf'k&jkf'k Ádk'k >j jgk gSA
Árh{kk djrk gw°A ;s rqEgkjs v¡ ls nwj dHkh tkrs ughaA budk nq%[k budk ihrkEcj dk mŸkjh;] ihrkEcj dh /kksrh vkSj egkewY;oku jRuksa ds
LoIu ek= gS vkSj tc ;s iqdkjrs gSa] budh rUÊk Lor% Hk¬ gks tkrh gSA ;s vkHkj.kksa dh T;ksfr Hkh ml vax dh dkfUr esa [kks x;h yxrh gSA
nwj dgk° gksrs gSa eq> lsA* jRueqoqGV&fdjhV] edjkœr oqG.My] fo'kky Hkqtkvksa esa jRuk¬n]
ogk° dky dh nky ugha xyrh] vr% dc dk Á'u gh dyqf"kr gS ogk° oaGd.k] foaGfd.kh] uwiqj vkSj jRuekykvksa osG e/; o{kLFky ij JhoRl
dh fdlh Hkh ckr osG fy,A rFkk Hk`xqyrkA d.B osG dkSLrqHk dk Ádk'k gh jRuksa esa loksZifj gSA
ogk° ns'k dk Áos'k ugha gS] blfy, ogk° fdlh osG nwj tkus ;k ikl vkus ?kq?° kjkys dkys] dksey] l?ku osG'kjkf'kA /kuq"kkdkj Hkzew .MyA fdf¥pr
164 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 165

v#.k vuUr œiko"khZ lqnh?kZ ykspu mu ijeiq#"k osG dEcqd.B esa dkSLrqHk dUgkbZ us gkFk iSGyk;k rks mldh gFksyh ij blus ,d yky cwn° tSlh oLrq fxjk
dh NVk] o{k osG JhoRl] fuR; vHk;nk;h Hkqtkvksa dh dkfUr ftlosG eu nhA lqoGq ekj] e[keyh og cwn° ';ke dh gFksyh ij xqe&lqe fLFkj iM+h gSA
dks eqX/k ugha djrhµHkkX;ghu gS ogA ^nso! D;k gS ;g\* dUgkbZ iwNrk gSA rfud flj >qdkdj cM+s /;ku
Jhpj.kµmu ije iq#"k osG Jhpj.k lkSUn;Z&lqoqGekjrk dh vf/knsork ls ns[krk gSA
egky{eh dh xksn esa nks fodp dey osG leku iM+s gSaA ^lqUnj gS\* nso iwNrk gSµ^chjcgwVh gSA*
Hkxorh egky{eh vR;Ur rUe;rk ls vius lqoqGekj djksa ls mu ^chjcgwVh\* irk ugha Hkksyk dUgkbZ D;k le>rk gS_ fdarq ÁlÈk ns[k
Jhpj.kksa dh laokguk djuk pkgrh gSa vkSj mUgsa ns[kus esa foHkksj gSaA jgk gSA
ije iq#"k dk lqfo'kky Jhvax uhy xxu osG leku fLFkj gSA ml ij ^;g rks rsjh gFksyh ij ets ls lks x;hA* l[kk lehi vk x;s gSaA ,d
vusd LFkkuksa ij {khj leqÊ osG uUgsa fcUnq iM+s gS]a tSls xxu esa rkjs f[ky jgs gksAa us >qddj ns[kdj dg fn;kA
dHkh&dHkh dksbZ uUgha cwn° iM+ tkrh gS Jhvax ij vkSj mls iksNa nsus dks ^lks x;h\* dUgkbZ vleatl esa iM+k yxrk gSA fdlh dks idM+dj]
egkek;k Hkxorh osG dj mB Hkh tkrs gS_a fdUrq Lo;a os laoGq fpr gksdj vius gkFk ij ysdj isaGd nsuk] fxjk nsuk blosG LoHkko esa ughaA bls viukuk
dj lesV ysrh gSAa muosG v/kjksa dk eUnfLer vf/kd mTToy gks mBrk gSA vkrk gS] R;kxuk vkrk ugha vkSj ;g vn~Hkqr uUgk Ák.kh l[kk us fn;k gS_
muosG bu vkuUn?ku vkjk/; dk Li'kZ ikdj tks tho nqX/k&fcUnq fdUrq ;g rks gFksyh ij gh lks x;kA ,sls bls dc rd fy;s jguk iM+xs k\
cudj /kU; gks mBk gS] ml fulxZ&fueZy] ikou Ák.k dks ogk° ls gVk;k ^nknk!* dUgkbZ dh lc leL;kvksa dk lek/kku nkmG nknk osG ikl gS
Hkyk oSGls tk ldrk gS! ;k HkÊ osG iklA dUgkbZ buls gh dgrk gSA nkmG nknk osG lkeus blus
viuh gFksyh vkxs dj nh gSA
>k°dh&18 (chjcgwVh) ^yk! eq>s nsA* nkmG us viuh nkfguh gFksyh iSGyk;h rks /khjs ls ml ij
vR;Ur lqoGq ekj] vius uke osG leku gh lqUnj lyTt] lyksuk ;g Ák.kh ml yky fcUnq tSlh dks dUgkbZ us fxjk fn;kA nknk us ns[kk] cksyµ s ^bls
ikol osG ÁkjEHk esa dqN gh fnu /kjk ij nh[krk gSA tSls LoxZ dh Hkksyh ikdj yyh ÁlUu gksxhA*
vIljk&ckfydk;sa es?kekyk dh cwn° ksa ds lkFk [ksyrh gqbZ HkVd vk;h gksAa dksbZ oqGN lksp]s dgs] blls ifgys rks nknk us mls mGij mNky fn;kA
ml vk"kk<+ osG vkjEHk esa o"kkZ&Lukr o`Unkou dh 'kksHkk 'krqxf.kr gks og rks dUgkbZ osG gkFk ij igq°prs gh NqÊ dhV ls fnO; nsgh gks x;h Fkh] vc
mBh FkhA l[kkvksa osG lkFk cNM+kas dks vkxs fd;s czt jktoqGekj us ou esa nknk us mNky fn;k rks mls /kjkij dgk° fxjuk Fkk og rks x;h xksyksdA
Áos'k fd;k rks if{k&o`Un Lokxr esa pgdus yxkA Qy&iq"iksigkj ltk;s ^lf[k! rqe eq>ls Hkh yTtk djksxh\* vius fuoqG¥t esa vius Hkko?ku
r#&'kk[kk,° >we mBhaA v"Vny i˘klu dh df.kZdk ij fojkteku Fkha dhfrZoGq ekjh viuh oke
cNM+s owGnus&iqGndus yxsA ckyd ÿhM+k esa yx x;sA lglk l[kkvksa gFksyh ij ,d uUgha chjcgwVh fy, mls vR;Ur Lusg ns[krh dg jgh gSµ a ^;g
esa NksVk] nsooqGekj&lk lqUnj nsoÁLFk nkSMr+ k vk;k vkSj dUgkbZ ls cksykµ fuoqG¥t vc rqEgkjk gh gSA blesa tgk° ftl :i esa tSls pkgks jgksA*
^gkFk iSGyk!* og chjcgwVh vius uUgsa iSj fudkydj rfud pyh vkSj dhfrZ oqGekjh
nsoÁLFk osG gkFk esa oqGN gSA blus viuh eqVB~ h cgqr <hyh cUn dh gSA osG djksa ls fxjdj muosG oke ikn osG mGij fLFkj gks x;hA
166 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 167

^vkSj ojnku nks!* vkBks vUrjaxk lf[k;k° rfud vkxs m>d vk;h gSaA Hkw"ku* dh o`f"V dks ywVus&yisVus esa yxk gSA
yfyrk us dgkµ^vc ;g rqEgkjs ikn dks 'kS∏;k cukdj lks x;h!* Jh j?kqukFk osG ihNs y{e.kyky [kM+s gSaA mudk Hkh /kuq"k vc mrj
^pqi! pqi!* Jho`"kHkkuq&ufUnuh us viuh iryh] dksey] yky rtZuh pqdk gSA muosG Hkh nkfgus gkFk esa vkt ck.k ugha gSA lqxzho] tkEcoUr
v/kjksa ij j[khµ^;g cM+kas dk Lusgksigkj gS!* v¬n] guqeku] uy&uhy vkfn Áeq[k ik"kZn y{e.kth ls Hkh fdf¥pr~
^ogk° vius jfld&'ks[kj jljkt ds djry dh 'k∏;k ij uhan ysus ihNs gh [kM+s gSaA ÁHkq fouksn dh eqÊk esa gSaA os b/kj&m/kj ÁlÈk ns[k jgs gSa rks
yxh Fkh vkSj vc ;gk° egkHkko dh v/kh'ojh osG okeikn dks 'k∏;k fdlh dks mudh n`f"V dk Áfrjks/k ugha cuuk pkfg;sA
cukdj lks x;hA* jaxnsoh us Lusg] Li`gk&fl‰ Loj esa dgkµ^,slh 'k∏;k dfi vkSj jhN Hkh oL= mBkrs gSa vkSj vViVs&<¬ ls vius fdlh Hkh
feys rks fuoqG¥t esa Hkh dksbZ vkSj :i ls dgha D;ksa jgsxh\* v¬ esa yisVus yxrs gSaA dHkh oL= esa gkFk my>rk gS] dHkh iSj vkSj dHkh
^fdUrq rc rqedks lsO;k cuuk iM+xs kA* yfyrk g°l iM+haA us= ;k ukfldk <°d tkrh gS rks owGnrs gSa] oL= dks uksap isaGdrs gSaA ÁHkq
^lks bls gh jgus nksA* jaxnsoh us dgkµ^ge lc bldh Hkh lsok dj ysxa hA* lqÁlÈk ns[k jgs gSa bl ÿhM+k dksA muosG fuR; fLer&'kksfHkr Jheq[k ij
ysfdu JhdhfrZ oqGekjh osG inksa ij iM+h uUgha og yky cw°n vc gkL; dh T;ksRluk ckj&ckj f[ky jgh gS\
lqx&cqxkus yxhA og dgk° fdl :i esa jgsxh] ;g vc mlh ij fuHkZj gS] eLrd ij c°/kh tVk,° gSaA dfV ls nksuksa rq.khj c°/ks gSaA oYdy oL=
fdUrq dke:i gksdj Hkh tSls dkdHkq'kqf.M th dks viuk dkd nsg fÁ; gSaA ;Kksiohr gSA nwljk dksbZ vkHkj.k ugha gS_ foaGrq lEiw.kZ Jhv¬ dh NVk
gS] bls Hkh viuh ;g uUgha dk;k fÁ; yxus yxs rks vk'p;Z D;k\ vn~Hkqr gSA dgha&dgha Losn osG >yeykrs fcUnq gSa vkSj j‰ osG fcUnq cgqr
gSaA ';ke Jhv¬ ij yky&yky j‰d.k LFkku&LFkku ijA ÁHkq us Luku
>k°dh&19 (d#.kkfu/kku) djuk Lohdkj ugha fd;kA vU; dfiµjhNksa osG leku ,d dfi us ,d
Jh j?kqukFk ,d NksVs ls f'kyk[k.M ij cSB x;s gSaA ;g f'kyk[k.M Hkh ef.k owGndj mBk yhA cM+h&lh yky ef.k] dfi dks yxk fd dksbZ ehBk
dksbZ dfi gh dgha ls mBk yk;k gksxk ;qº esa mi;ksx djus osG fy,A /kuq"k Lokfn"V inkFkZ gksxkA eq[k esa ef.k Mky nh mlus vkSj fiGj Fkwd nhA
ls T;k mrj pqdh gSA ck,° gkFk esa mrjk gqvk /kuq"k Hkwfe ls fVdk gSA nksuksa csLokn dM+k iRFkj Hkyk dksbZ [kk ldrk gSA
pj.k i`Foh dk fdf¥pr~ Li'kZ djrs yVd jgs gSaA ÁHkq dh n`f"V iM+h vkSj e¥tq gkL; xwt ° kA dfi us pkSda dj ns[kkA mldh
y¡k dk ;qº lekIr gks x;k gSA n'kxzho dh fprk nwj ty jgh gSA n`f"V ÁHkq osG Jh pj.kksa ij x;ha vkSj pkSd
a dj] owGndj mlus fQj eq[k ls Hkwfe
;qºHkwfe esa vc Hkh ck.kksa] /kuq"kksa nwljs vL=&'kL=ksa osG [k.M] VwVs jFk] ij fxjk;h ml ef.k dh vksj ns[kkA >qddj ef.k mlus mBk yhA
yq<osG eqoqGV] dVs&fc[kjs jRukHkj.kksa ds e/; vÇksa] xtksa] [kPpjksa osG 'koksa ^vc ;g ef.k dk D;k djsxk\* ÁHkq mlh dh vksj ns[k jgs gSaA dfi
osG e/; jk{klksa osG 'ko iM+s gSaA muosG {kr&fo{kr v¬ksa ij j‰ te x;k vkSj jhN ,d ckj ftl ef.k dks eq[k ls Fkwd nsrs gSa] mls fQj ns[krs gha
gSA iwjh ;qºHkwfe tes j‰ osG dhp ls ohHkRl gks jgh gS fxº] physa] dkSo]s ughaA ysfdu ef.k gkFk esa ysdj og ,d {k.k oqGN lksprk jgk vkSj rc ÁHkq
‹k`axky] oqGŸks egksRlo eukus esa yxs gSaA dh vksj py iM+kA /khjs&/khjs loqGpkrk&ytkrk&lk lehi vk;kA Mjrs&Mjrs
dfi;ksa dk e`r ,oa vkgr lewg lqjjkt dh ve`r o`f"V ls LoLFk] mlus ihNs [kM+s y{e.kth] dfijkt] ;qojkt] Jhiouiq= dh vksj ,d
ltho gks x;k gS vkSj bl le; foHkh"k.k }kjk iq"id ls dh x;h ^iV ckj ns[kkA okujh lsuk dk og ,d lkekU; lnL; gSA ^dksbZ mls jksoGs xk rks
168 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 169

ugha\ dksbZ Mk°Vdj Hkxk rks ugha nsxk\ ÁHkq osG Jhpj.kksa osG lehi rks dk jax mlh osG mGij------!
dfijkt tkrs gSaµog tk; ;k ugha\* mlosG in fBBd x;sA blus vkSj blosG l[kkvksa us tks /kwe vkts iwjs ozt esa epk j[kh Fkhµfdlh
^vfuy! D;k ckr gS\* ÁHkq dk tyn&xEHkhj lqÁÈk Loj xw°tk vkSj xksfidk dks rhu&pkj us idM+dj jax ds fo'kky ik= esa ugha iVdk] mlds flj&
mlesa lkgl vk x;kA og mNyk vkSj Bhd Jh pj.kksa osG lehi cSB x;kA ij gh ik= myVdj lUrks"k dj fy;k rks le>ks fd og cgqr lLrs NwV x;hA
ef.k mlus ÁHkq osG yky&yky pj.k ry ls fVdkdj /kj nhA Hkwfe ij vc e/;k  gksus dks vk;k gSA ';kelqUnj l[kkvksa osG lkFk ;equk
eLrd j[kdj] flj >qdkdj frjNk djosG ns[kus yxk fd bu v#.k Luku djus py iM+k gSA vR;f/kd nkSM&+ /kwi] mNy&owGn ls lc oqGN
pj.kksa ds lehi ;g yky iRFkj oSGlk nh[krk gSA f'kfFky gq, gS vkSj vpkud œ".k dh n`f"V HkÊ ij iM+ x;hA
;g HkÊ oqGN eghus cM+k D;k gS] dUgkbZ ij jkSc gh tekrk jgrk gSA
>k°dh&20 (gksyh) irk ugha D;ksa xksfi;k° vkSj ozt dh yM+fd;k° Hkh bldk FkksMk+ ladksp dj
^rw bruk fcuk jaxk D;ksa gS\* gksyh dk fnu vkSj HkÊlsu osG 'kjhjµ ysrh gSA yxrk gS vkt dh /kwe esa Hkh lcus bls oqGN rks cpk;k gh gSA oSls
fo'ks"kr% eq[k&diksy dk oqGN Hkkx fcuk jax osG nh[krk gS] ;g D;k blosG oL= vkSj 'kjhj dk jax Hkh crk ikuk dfBu gS_ fdUrq blosG eq[k ij
vk'p;Z djus dh ckr ugha gS\ xqyky dh eqB~Bh fdlh us ugha eyh gksxhA gks ldrk gS fd ;g viuk eq[k
^eSa D;k rsjh Hkk°fr xqyky osG FkSys esa cSBk FkkA* HkÊ dk dguk Hkh Bhd cpkrk jgk gksA ;g Hkh rks yM+fd;ksa dks de gh rax djrk gSA os vuqu;
gSA œ".kpUÊ vkikn eLrd ,slk gks jgk gS tsls Luku djus osG rRdky djsa rks bls lcls igys n;k vk tkrh gSA
ihNs og vchj ;k xqyky ls Hkjs FkSys esa tk ?kqlk FkkA ^gq°* vc HkÊ osG ikl bldk D;k mik; gS\ vkt gksyh osG fnu
eLrd ij u e;wj fiPN gS] u dU/ks ij iVqdk vkSj u d.B esa uUnuUnu /k`"Vrk djs rks bls Mk°Vk tk ugha ldrk vkSj blus rks HkÊ dks
ouekyk] dfV dh dNuh esa Hkh vkt eqjyh ugha gSA nksuksa Hkqtkvksa esa tdM+ fy;k gSA viuh vchj Hkjh ?kqa?kjkyh vyosaG flj
vkt vkHkw"k.kksa osG uke ij d.B esa eksfr;ksa dh ekyk gS dkSLrqHk osG fgyk&fgykdj ;g HkÊ dh ukd] diksy] yykV ij jxM+s pyk tk jgk
uhps ydVrhA Hkqtkvksa esa vaxn gS vkSj dykb;ksa esa ef.k&d¡.kA gSµjxM+s gh tk jgk gSA l[kk lc rkyh ctkdj owGnus yxs gSaA
oL= osG uke ij osGoy dNuh gS_ fdUrq og ihrkEcj gS ;k ugha] irk ughaA
vkt rks ;gh irk yxkuk v'kD; gS fd eS;k ;'kksnk dk yky lk°oyk gS ;k
>k°dh&21 (fiiklk ikj[kh)
xksjkA dgk u fd dUgkbZ ,slk yxrk gS tSls xqyky Hkjs cksjs es&a ls lh/ks fudyk ';ke vkt l[kkvksa osG l¬ oqG¥t esa cSBk gSA ik°p&lkr dnEc osG
vk jgk gksA o`{kksa dk >qjeqV gS vkSj og iq"iksa ls ynk gSA o`{kksa ij ekyrh yrk us ,d
';ke osG ikl u fipdkjh gS vkSj u vchj dh >ksyhA bldks vko';drk vkSj gjh pknj nks vksj iSGyk nh gSA iwGyh ekyrh dh 'kk[kk,° 'osr gks jgh
Hkh D;k gSA vkt Ákr% og ,sls gh uUnHkou ls fudyk gSA fdlh dh >ksyh esa gSaA iwjk oqaGt e/kqj eknd lqxfU/k vkSj Hkzejksa dh xqatkj ls Hkjk gSA
gkFk Mkydj eqVB~ h esa xqyky Hkj yh rks og >ksyh okys osG eq[k dks yky djsxk NksV&s NksVs xksickydksa dk lewg cSBk gS bl oqG¥t esaA dfBukbZ ls gh
;k nwj fdlh dks rkddj eqVB~ h isGa osGxk] dkSu dg ldrk gSA dksbZ N% lkr o"kZ osG gksaxAs vf/kd rks rhu&pkj o"kZ osG gh gSaA nks o"kZ osG
irk ugha fdl&fdldh fipdkfj;k° >iV yha vkt blus vkSj mlh Hkh oqGN gSaA ;g fnxEcj vkSj dNuh/kkjh ckydksa dh e.Myh gSaA
170 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 171

NfM+;k°] iVqoGs oqaGt esa vkSj ckgj Hkh b/kj&m/kj vLr&O;Lr iM+s gSaA yxkdj Bsyus dh ps"Vk djus yxk gSA
fdlh dks budh fpUrk ughaA fpUrk vkSj l°Hkky djus dh vk;q gh vHkh ^xkSjo rq>ls >xM+us vk;k gSA* dbZ ckyd ,d lkFk cksy iM+As
budh ugha gSA ;g rks bu lcdk gB gS fd cNM+s pjkus dh NwV budks vius ^rw vÁlÈk gS\ >xM+k djsxk rw\* dUgkbZ mBdj [kM+k gks x;kA mlus
?kjksa ls fey x;h gSA uUnxk°o osG lehi gh ou esa bUgsa cNM+s pjkus vkus dh cNM+s ds xys esa Hkqtk;sa Mky nhaA
psrkouh ?kj ls pyrs le; ekrk&firk us ckj&ckj nh gSA ^gq°* cNM+s us fQj NksVh gq°dkj Hkjh] owGndj i`Fkd gks x;k vkSj fQj
buosG cNM+&s cNfM+;k° Hkh bu tSls gh NksVs vYgM+ gSaA ;g ckr nwljh gS œ".kpUÊ dh tk°?k ij flj ls Bsyus yxkA
fd uUnuUnu ou esa gSa rks muesa ls dksbZ ?kj gk°dus ij Hkh ugha tk;xk] ys cNM+s dks I;kl yxh gS] ;g ckr mldk ihrkEcj/kkjh pjokgk le>rk
tkus ij ugha #osGxk_ fdUrq bu eghus Hkj ls ysdj rhu&pkj eghus osG D;ksa ugha\ vkl&ikl ty nh[krk ugha gS vkSj ;g e;wjeqoqGVh oqaGt esa cSBk
cNM+kas dks pjuk dgk° gSA ;s lc ou esa owGnsax]s iqGnosaGxs vkSj Fkd tk;saxs rks vius l[kkvksa osG lkFk xIi yM+krk cSBk gS] rks cNM+k >xMsx+ k ughaA cNM+s
ckydksa osG vkl&ikl gh dgha o`{k osG uhps cSB tk;saxAs dks Hkw[k yxs] I;kl yxs ;k oqGN vkSj gks] mldh lc vko';drkiwfrZ dk
bl le; oqG¥t esa dksbZ cNM+k&cNM+h ugha gSA ckyd tSls [ksy&owGn nkf;Ro ftl ij gS] og mis{kk djs rks nks"k mlh dk rks \
dj vk cSBs gSa] cNM+s Hkh Ák;% cSB x;s gSa tgk°&rgk°A os dgha nks&rhu ^rw I;klk gS\* eksgu vius cNM+kas dh Hkk"kk le>rk gSA ^:B er!
lBdj cSBs gSa vkSj dgha ,dkdh HkhA nks&pkj b/kj&m/kj [kM+s Hkh gSaA py] rqe lcdks ty fiykus pyrs gSaA*
ckydksa osG 'kjhj esa /kwfy yxh gSA fdlh osG v¬ksa ij dhpM+ ;k xkscj vc lc ckyd [kM+s gks x;sA vc os vius iVqoGs ] NfM+;k° <w°<u+ s mBkus
ds fp  Hkh gSaA lcosG osG'kksa esa] oaGB esa] Hkqtkvksa esa] dkuksa ij iYyo] iq"i] yxs gSa vkSj cNM+k ';ke dks lw°?kdj oqaGt ls ckgj iqGndrk tk jgk gSA
xqPNs] if{k;ksa osG ijksa osG vViVs ‹k`¬kj gSaA oqG.My] ekyk,°] cktwcUn]
oaGd.k bl oU;&‹k`¬kj ls nc x;s gSaA >k°dh&22 ('k'kkad 'ks[kj dk nwYgk :i)
dUgkbZ viuk iVqdk dgha fxjk vk;k gSA ,d dku esa oqG.My osG flofga lEHkq xu djfga flaxkjkA tVkeqoqGV vfgekSj l°okjk˚
lkFk dnEc iq"i yVd jgk gS] nwljs dku ij duSj dk iwGy j[kk gSA oqG.My oaGdu ifgjs C;kykA ru foHkwfr iV osGgfj Nkyk˚
fc[kjh vyosaG l[kkvksa osG }kjk iq"iksa ls Hkj nh xbZ gSA e;wjfiPN frjNk gks lfl yykV lqUnj flj xaxkA u;u rhfu miohr Hkqtaxk˚
jgk gSA oa'kh dNuh esa [kksal yh x;h gSA xjy oaGB mj uj flj ekykA vflo os"k flo /kke œikyk˚
vpkud ,d nw/k osG leku mtyk cNM+k owGnrk vk;kA mlus ';ke osG /;kuµnwYgk os'k esa Hkxoku uhyyksfgr dk /;ku! x.kksa us cM+s mRlkg] cM+s
b/kj&m/kj ckydksa osG ikl oqGndh yxk;h vkSj fQj vius flj ls dUgkbZ dh Áse ls Hkxoku dk ‹k`xa kj fd;k gSA tVk,° eqoGq V osG vkdkj esa ck°/k nh x;h gS vkSj
ihB dks Bsyus yxkA ^vfgeksj* ;g vfgeksj D;k gS\ vkius nqYgs dk ^eksj* vFkkZr~ lsgjk ns[kk gS\
^xkSjo! D;k gS\* eksgu us eqMd + j cNM+as dks iqpdkjkA mlosG eq[k] xnZu blesa eq[; ckr gksrh gS >wyrh] >kyj cukrh iq"i ekyk,°A x.kksa us ^vfgeksj*
osG fupys Hkkx dks lgykus dk Á;Ru fd;kA l°okjkµHkyh Ádkj ltk;k gSA yky] ihys] gjs] 'osr vkfn vusd jaxksa osG liks±
^gq°* ,d NksVh&lh gq°dkjh cNM+s us Hkjh vkSj owGndj œ".k osG lgykus dks lsgjs dh >kyj osG leku eq[k osG lEe[k yVdk fn;k gSA
osG Á;Ru dks mlus vlQy dj fn;kA og vc ';ke ds isV esa flj oqG.My oaGd.k osG LFkku ij liZ fyiVs gSa vkSj miohr ^Hkqtxa *A rhu
172 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 173

fo'kky liZ ;Kksiohr dk LFkku fy;s gSAa dfV esa oL= osG leku flag peZ gSA x#M+ dh vdYiuh; fo'kkyrk dks lwfpr djus ds fy;s mlds ikl vkSj
Hkxoku dk Jhvax uhyyksfgr gSA Jhen~Hkkxor esa ;g ckr lrh nsgksRlxZ dksbZ lk/ku dgk° gSA ^lqugyk&lqugykµBhd rqEgkjs jax dk gSA*
ds i'pkr~ vk;h gSA nsorkvksa us tc oSGykl igqp ° dj n'kZu fd;k] rc dgk ^rsjh ckr rks Bhd gS_ fdUrqµjek ds Loj esa u O;ax vk;k] ^u [ksn] u
x;k gSµ^leUrknuquhyyksfgre~* bruk xk<+k yky tks dkyk iM+us yxk gksµxk<+s grk'kk] os lgt lR; dg x;haµ^x#M+ eq> vdsyh dks dgk° ihB ij
jax osG cSxu osG leku jax vkSj ml ij mTToy HkLe lok±x esa yxh gSA cSBkrk gSA og rks ;s vkfn&iq#"k vius lkFk cSBk ysa rks ckr nwljh gSA*
yykV esa pUÊek dh iryh dyk] tVkvksa esa xaxk] oaGB Hkkx ?ku uhyµ JqfrewfrZ x#M+ ;Kiq#"k ds okgu gSaA os mu ije iq#"k dks NksMd + j rks
;g vf'ko os"k gh f'ko/kke gSA bl os'k dk /;ku ije e¬ynk;d gSA fdlh dk ogu djrs ughaA vkfn'kfDr dks Hkh os mu iq#"kksŸke ds lkFk gh
o`"kHkk:<+] ujeqaMksa dh ekyk ifgus] gkFk esa f='kwy] Me: vkSj diky viuh ihB ij cSBus ns ldrs gSaA Jh ;fn ukjk;.k ds lkFk ugha gSa rks Jqfr
fy;s] Hkwr&Ásrkfn x.kksa ls f?kjs Hkxoku 'kadj dh ;g ewfrZµ;g ikoZrh& mudk lEeku ugha djsxhA ckyd ;g lc dgk° le>rk gSA ysfdu og Hkh
ifj.k; osG le; dh >k°dhA bruk rks le>rk gS fd ek° Bhd dgrh gSA x#M+ 'ks"k'kk;h ds okgu gSaA
^ek°! rsjk gkFkh Hkh rks gS* ckyd us nks {k.k lkspk flj >qdkdj] ^og
>k°dh&23 (ckyd dk mUeqDr vkxzg) mtyk&mtyk pkj lw°M+ dk gkFkh rks vPNk gSA*
^ek° rw mYyw ij cSBrh gSA* vkt Hkh i¥peh (olUr i¥peh) gSA ;g ^gk°] ,sjkor vPNk gSA* egky{eh us Lohdkj fd;kµ^rw mls vPNk
Hkxorh flU/kq&lqrk dk vkfoHkkZo fnol Hkh gS vkSj Jhukjk;.k ds lkFk dgrk gS rc rks og vkSj Hkh vPNk gSA*
muds Lo;aoj dk fnu HkhA vkt oSdq.B Hkjk iM+k gS mikldksa] vkjk/kdksa] ^ek°] rqe ml egkxt ij cSBrh gks rks fdruh Hkyh yxrh gksA* ;g
lqjksa] lk/kdksa ,oa Ωf"k;ksa lsA lcdks vkt Jhy{ehukjk;.k ds pj.kksa esa ckyd dh Lrqfr gSA blls Js"B Lrqfr tuuh ds Jo.k fdlh dks ekurs gh
viuh Jºk lefiZr djuh gS_ fdUrq D;k f'k'kq ds fy, ekrk ls dqN ughaA
dgus&iwNus ds fy;s Hkh dksbZ volj ns[kuk vko';d gSA ^rw pkgrk gS rks eSa rsjs fy,µrsjs tSls lHkh ds fy, lnk ,sjkor okfguh
^rw mYyw ij D;ksa cSBrh gS\* lLoj Jqfr;ksa ds }kjk dh x;h Lrqfr gh jgw°xhA* lglk mu ijekus f'k'kq dks vk'khokZn fn;k vkSj vad esa mBk
Hkxorh Jh ds Jo.kksa rd Hkys u igq°p_s fdUrq os ckyd dh vViVh ckr fy;kA
ugha lquasxh rks og >Yyk;sxk ughaA og rks muds gkFk [khapus yxk gSA
^;g i{kh dkuokyk gSA* Hkxorh us lgkL; dgkµ^rw bldh ihB ij >k°dh&24 (vk|k ijes'ojh dk ÿks/k 'keu)
cSBs rks mlds nksuksa dku idM+ ldsxkA* egk'kfDr vk|k ijes'ojh us vHkh&vHkh lqjksa dk ladV lekIr fd;k
eq>s fdlh ds dku ugha idM+uAs * ckyd us flj >Vd fn;kµ^bl gSA ekj fn;k llSU; vlqjkf/ki dks mUgksauAs fNÈk eLrd iM+s gSa lej&Hkwfe
HkÌs Mjkous i{kh ij rw D;ksa cSBrh gS\ x#M+ lqLr gks x;k gS D;k\* esa 'kqEHkµfu'kqEHkA
^x#M+ Hkyk lqLr D;ksa gksxkA* in~ek us cM+s Lusg ls iwNkµ^rq>s x#M+ lEiw.kZ j.k/kjk j‰ osG dhpM+ ls fDyÈk gS vkSj mlesa brLrr% dVs
vPNk yxrk gS\* vax] eq.M iM+s gSaA vL=&'kL= fc[kjs gSa pkjks vksjA
^gk°µfdruk rks cM+k lkjk gSA* ckyd us nksuksa gkFk iwjs QSyk fn;sA lc gS_ fdUrq lqj vc Hkh vR;Ur l'kad gSaA "kksM'k Hkqtk egk'kf‰
174 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 175

f=iqjk laÿqº gSaA dk°i jgh gSa fn'kk;sa muosG gqadkj lsA mudk flag ngkM+ ^pqi!* ngkM+rs flag dh ukd ij mlus NksVs ls dj ls pir /kj nh
jgk gSA ;e] bUÊ dh rks ppkZ D;k] cz„k vkSj #Êx.k rd nwj xxu esa [kM+s vkSj lpeqp djky n`"Vk mxz osG'kjh pqi gks x;kA mlus iwjk eq[k can dj
Hk;&fo‡y gSA fy;k vkSj flj ,sls >qdk fn;k gS] tSls mlls vijk/k gks x;k gksA
Hkwrfu;k°] 'kkfduh] Mkfduh vkfn j‰iku] f'kj% dUnqd ÿhM+k] ^vEc!* egk'kf‰ jks"k esa gSa] gqadkj jgh gSa vHkhA mudh gqadkj ls
vkU=kd"kZ.k esa yx ugha ikrh gSaA os lc diky] [kV~ok¬] 'kwy] vfLFk fn'kk;sa dk°i jgh gS_ fdUrq f'k'kq >Yyk x;k gS fd ek° mldh D;ksa ugha
n.M] [k¬ mBk;s gkgkdkj djrh b/kj ls m/kj nkSM+ jgh gSaA lqurh gSA og uUgk ckyd] flagokfguh osG pj.k rd gh mlosG dj igq°prs
^vEc!* ;g D;k\ leLr lqj pkSaoGs A lcdh n`f"V ;qº Hkwfe osG ,d gSa vkSj >Yykdj nf{k.k pj.k dk iknkaxq"B idM+dj viuh vYi'kf‰
ÁkUr dh vksj x;hA ,d dksey {kh.k Loj mBkµ^vEc!* ls mlus fgyk fn;k gSµ^vEc!*
'e'kku ds pkjks vksj /kw&/kw djrh fprkvksa osG e/; tSls fdlh dksey ^oRl!* lglk n`f"V vius inksa dh vksj x;h vkSj vk|k us ,d lkFk
nwokZ dk uok¡qj ygjk mBk gksµ,d nks&rhu o"kZ dk lqoqGekj] fnxEcj "kksM'k Hkqtk osG lc vL=&'kL= flag ls nwljh vksj isaGd fn;sA owGn iM+h os
f'k'kq nh[k iM+kA og iqdkj jgk gSµ^vEc!* txnEckA f'k'kq dks vkrqjrkiwoZd vad esa lesV fy;k gS mUgksauAs
egkHkSjoh us ns[kk vkSj mlosG mÌke rk.Mo djrs in fLFkj gks x;sA leLr lqj t;ukn dj jgs gSaA lEiw.kZ ;ksfxuh] Mkfduh] 'kkfduh vkfn
mlosG nf{k.k dj dk vfLFkn.M ok;q esa oqGN laoGs r djrk ygjk;k vkSj oxZ lehi fleV vk;k gSA jDr&yFkiFk Hkwfe gS vkSj jDr lus f'k'kq osG in
vpkud 'kkfduh] Mkfduh] Ásruh vkfn dk lEiw.kZ dksykgy 'kkUr gks gSA ;g oqGN ns[kus dk vodk'k egk'kfDr dks bl le; ugha gSA mudk
x;kA os lc fBBddj ,d vksj fleVus yxhaA dj f'k'kq dh vydksa ij ?kwe jgk gSA mlosG diksyksa dks lgyk jgk
vEc! f'k'kq dh vyosaG ygjk jgh gSA mldh dfV esa osGoy dfV&lw= gSµ^oRl!*
ek= gS vkSj og nkSMr+ k vk jgk gSA mlosG in j‰ ls yFk&iFk gks jgs gSa_ ^vEc! rw ÿks/k djrh gS\* ;g yks] f'k'kq us viuk uUgk nf{k.k dj
fdUrq og dgk° Hkwfe dh vksj ns[krk gSA vk|k osG oke diksy ij /kj fn;k gSaA
og fdlh 'ko ls Vdjkdj fxj ldrk gSA mls fdlh dVs eq.M dh ^oRl! rw ugha gksrk] rc ÿks/k vk ldrk gSA* os egk'kfDr xn~xn Loj ls
Bksdj yx ldrh gSa mlosG lqoqGekj in ;fn fdlh cka.k dh vuhij] [kM~x dg jgh gSµ a ^rw vk x;k rks ÿks/k oSGls ;gk° jg ldrk FkkA og Hkkx x;kA*
;k 'kwy ij iM+asµHkwfe rks buls iVh iM+h gS vkSj og fcuk uhps ns[ks nkSMr+ k ^Hkkx x;k vEcs!* f'k'kq rks ,sls pkjks vksj ns[kus yxk gS tSls ÿks/k Hkh
vk jgk gSA dksbZ pwgk] fcYyh ;k oqGŸkk gksxk vkSj mls Hkkxrs og ns[k ysxkA
,slk oqGN ugha gksuk gSA egkHkSjoh tkurh gS fd lqoqGekj f'k'kq osG uUgsa ^oRl!* egk'kfDr osG dj ?kwe jgs gSa mldh vydksa ijA muosG nh?kZ
^inksa dh xfr esa vojks/k vkus dk vFkZ D;k gS* vk|k fQj mls {kek ugha n`xksa osG fcUnq mu vydksa dks vkÊZ dj jgs gSa vkSj muosG o{k ls okRlY;
djsxa hA mTToy fLuX/k lq/kk cudj Úfor gksus yxk gSA
mlosG dj dk mBk vfLFkn.M fgy jgk gS vkSj f'k'kq osG in igq°pus ls dkSu gS ;g f'k'kq\
iwoZ gh lEeq[k osG #.M] eq.M] 'kL=kfn lc Lor% nwj fNVdrs tk jgs gSaA vki Lo;a D;ksa ugha gSaA
^vEc!* ;g yks f'k'kq rks nkSMr+ k lehi vk x;kA ✤✤✤
176 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 177

[k.M&5 % fofo/k Ánku dj nsxkA


✤ Hkf‰ esa uke dks ukeh Hkxoku ls vfHkUu ekuk tkrk gSA uke Lo;a
Hkxoku gSA vr% uke&ti djrs le; dksbZ nwljk fpUru ugha djuk pkfg;sA
Hkf‰iwjd lw= ✤ fujUrj fdlh Hkh ,d gh fo"k; dk fpUru O;kogkfjd ugha gS]
✤ thou dk Bhd lnqi;ksx Hkxor~&Lej.k gS vr% fuÊk&tkxj.k dh fdUrq rqEgkjs fpUru dk eq[;ky; Hkxoku gksus pkfg;sA eu b/kj&m/kj ls
lfU/k esa bl vYidky dks Jh œ".k Lej.k esa yxkus dk vH;kl dhft;sA ?kwe HkVddj mu rd igq°p tk;k djsA
bl ux.; le; esa Jhœ".k osG lkfUu/; dh Le`fr dks txkb;sA ✤ Hkf‰ gS Áhfr dk ifjiDo Lo:iA
✤ Hkf‰ gh ,d ek= lk/ku gS tks lkoZHkkSe gS ftls lc Ádkj osG yksx ✤ Jhœ".k dk vki oqGN nsj dks /;ku djrs gSa lks djrs jfg;s_ fdUrq
lc voLFkk esa lc le; ÁkjEHk dj ldrs gSA Hkf‰ eyk; gj.k vkSj xq.kk/kku bl dUgkbZ dh ppkZ&fpUru dks viuk LoHkko cuk yhft;sA rc vkidh
nksuksa dj ldrh gSA vki rks bl uUnuUnu dk Lej.k ÁkjEHk dhft;sA blls Áhfr gks tk;sxh ;g vkidks viuk cuk ysxkA
✤ ukjk;.k dk l[kk uj] ijekRek dk va'k thoA lh/kh ckr fd vki ✤ vkidks dUgkbZ dks viukus dh] ‚n; esa ykus dh #fp gks rks blosG
vkuUn?ku dUgkbZ osG vius gSAa ;gh vkidk Bhd Lo:i gSA bl Lo:i dks fpUru dks c<+kuk pkfg;sA bldk fpUru vkiosG fpŸk dk lgt LoHkko
Li"V vuqHko esa vkuk pkfg;sA bl vuqHkwfr osG vHkko esa gh nSU; nq%[k vkfn gSA cu tk;] ;gh vkidk ije iq#"kkFkZ gSA
✤ vki tc lpeqp eu ls vkgkj dUgkbZ dks vfiZr djus dk fu;e dj ✤ Hkxoku~&lEcU/kh Hkkouk] Hko&jksx fuokfjdk ijekuUn&nkf;dk
ysrs gSa rks eu mlosG fo"k; esa dUgkbZ dh bl&#fp dk fpUru djus yxrk gSA ijekSf"kf/k gSA vki vius eu esa dUgkbZ dh piy ÿhM+kvksa dh Hkkouk
rc vkiosG vUrj esa og vUr;kZeh Lo;a gh viuh #fp lwfpr djus yxrk gSA dhft;sA Hkkouk djrs jgus dk eu dk LoHkko cuk yhft;sA
✤ thou esa Jhœ".k Áse vkos] blosG fy;s lalkj ls vkSj lalkj esa ✤ œ".k dk vFkZ gS vkd"kZ.k dh lŸkk ;k vkuUn dh lŸkkA vki
Hkksxksa ls] in&Áfr"Bk ls mijfr rks vko';d gh gSA ;g rks gks ugha ldrk dUgkbZ dk fpUru djus yxs rks ;g Lo;a vkiosG fpŸk dks viuh vksj
fd vki lalkj ls Áhfr djrs jgs] vkSj HkxoRÁse Hkh ÁkIr dj ysaA lalkj esa [khap ysxkA bldk rks fprpksj] uouhr pksj uke gh gSA
vius dks dŸkZO; ikyu rd lhfer dj ysa] rks dke py ldrk gSA ✤ bl Hkoik'k dks fNUu djus osG fy;s O;lu Hkh mruk gh l'k‰
✤ ,d nhid ls nwljs nhid osG tyus osG leku ftlosG ‚n; esa Jhœ".k pkfg;sA vki ftruh nsj dUgkbZ dh ppkZ djrs] lqurs ;k bl piy osG
Áse gS] mlosG lEidZ ls vkiosG ‚n; esa Jhœ".k Áse dh T;ksfr tkxsxhA lEcU/k esa oqGN lksprs gS] mruh nsj lalkj ;k ek;k vkils nwj jgrh gS ;k
✤ dUgkbZ vkuUn?ku gSA bldh Áhfr ej.kksŸkj thou osG gh dY;k.k ds ugha\ blh dks vki O;lu cuk ysa losaG rks vki thou esa gh ek;k&eq‰A
fy;s ugha gSA bldh Áhfr orZeku thou dks vkuUne; cuk nsus okyh gSA rc rks vki dUgkbZ osG vkSj ;g cztUs ÊuUnu vkidkA
✤ dUgkbZ ds pfjr] xq.k] efgek ÁHkkokfn dk o.kZu ckj&ckj i<+asxs rks ✤ dUgkbZ vkidk O;lu cu losG] bldk uke] bldh dFkk] bldk
bldh vkReh;rk esa fo'okl gksxkA blesa Áhfr gksxh vkSj blls feyu dh fpUru] bldh ppkZ O;lu cu losG rks vkidk ekuo thou gh /kU; gks tk;A
mRd.Bk tkxsxhA ✤ ;fn rqe HkxUuke ysr& s ysrs lks tkvks vkSj ,slk vH;kl dj yks fd
✤ dUgkbZ ds lEcU/k dk Jo.k vkSj blosG fo"k; dk v/;;u ;fn uhan VwVrs gh eq[k ls HkxUuke fudys rks rqEgkjh uhan dk iwjk le; ti
O;lu cu x;k rks thou œrkFkZ gks x;kA ;g O;lu gh vkidks HkxoRÁse djus dk ekuk tk;sxkA
178 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 179

✤ lc bfUÊ;ksa dk ikyu lcdk fuR; iks"k.k dUgkbZ ds vfrfj‰ dgha ls fujis{k gksdj tks dUgkbZ ij gh fo'okl djrk gS] mls dUgkbZ dk Áse
lEHko gS\ blhfy;s rks ;g xksiky gSA ;g bfUÊ; ÁR;{k Hkh gksrk gSµxksfoUn ÁkIr gksrk gS vkSj dUgkbZ dk Áse rks dUgkbZ ds feyus ls cgqr&cgqr
Hkh gS vkSj bfUÊ;ksa dk ije ikyd xksiky Hkh gSA bl xksiky dks ik;s fcuk vf/kd egku gSA
dgk° izk.kh dh ije lkFkZdrk lEiUu gksrh gSA ✤ ;g I;klµ;g vHkhIlk dUgkbZ ds xq.k] pfjr Jo.k] fpUru&iBu
✤ vn~Hkqr uke gS tuknZu! blds nks vFkZ gksrs gSaµ(1) ek;k dks u"V ls] ckj&ckj euu ls tkxk djrh gS ;k fdlh HkxoTtu dh vuqdEik lsA
djus okykA (tuk = ek;k] vnZu = ely nsus okyk)A (2) vius tuksa dUgkbZ ls feyuk gS rks eq>s rhljk dksbZ ekxZ Lej.k ughaA
dks jxM+&elydj 'kqº dj nsus okykA (tu = futtu] vnZu) ✤ fpUrk&dUgkbZ ds fy;s fpUrk djus dk vH;kl dhft;sA dksjk
✤ dksbZ dUgkbZ dh vksj mUeq[k gksrk gS rks ;g mUeq[krk gh mls fpUru dk vH;kl dke ugha fn;k djrkA bl uUnuUnu osG fy;s vki fpUrk
vuk;kl gh LoPN dj nsrh gSA ftlesa Hkf‰ nsoh dk rfud Hkh Ádk'k djus yxsxa s rks ;g fpUrk gh vkidks lc fpUrkvksa dh egks"kf/k gks tk;sxhA
vk;k og 'kjhj ls rks vukl‰ gks gh x;kA dnkfpr dHkh vklf‰ vk gh ✤ dUgkbZ feyrk gSµlpeqp feyrk gS vkSj lnk&lnk dks fey tkrk
tk; rks vkius dHkh lquk gS fd ladV esa fdlh us ijekRek dks iqdkjk vkSj gS_ fdUrq feyrk gS ije O;kdqyrk lsA bl ije O;kdqyrk dk vFkZ gS fd
mldks lgk;rk ÁkIr ugha gqbZA tc vkidk dke fdlh Ádkj dUgkbZ ds feys fcuk ugha pyrkA tc
✤ vki vius 'kjhj dks] Lotu dks] ifjokj dks] in&Áfr"Bk dks ej.k ;k feyu esa {k.kk/kZ dk vUrj jg tkrk gS] rc dUgkbZ feyrk gSA
bldh bPNk ij lefiZr djus dks ÁLrqr gS\ ;g lcdks [ksyus dks ;Fks"B feyrk gh gS ml le;A feys fcuk ;g jg tks ugha ldrkA
[ksyus dks vfiZr dj nsus dks m|r gS rks ;g vkidh Le`fr esa cuk jgsxk ✤ O;kdqyrkµdUgkbZ ds fy;s ije O;kdqyrk tkxs rc thou /kU;
vkSj bldh Le`fr rks blls vfHkUu gSA gksrk gSA ;g ije O;kdqyrk Hkh okaNuh;] ÁkFkZuh; gSA ije O;kdqyrk dks nks
✤ dUgkbZ dks viuk cuk ysuk thou dh œrœR;rk gSA leLr ckj ugha txkuk iM+rk gSA Ák.kksa esa ,d ckj ;g tkxh rks fQj cztjktdqekj
ikS#"k dh lQyrk gSA fd Jh c`tUs ÊuUnu esa vkReh;Ro LFkkfir gks tk;A dk foLej.k dSlk\ vkSj rc D;k dUgkbZ ds feyus esa foyEc gksuk gSA
✤ dUgkbZ thou esa vk;sxk rc iwjk thou gh œ".k ds fy;s] œ".ke; ✤ vk/;kfRed lk/ku dh uhao foosd vkSj oSjkX; gSA fcuk foosd]
cudj jgsxk rc u lalkj&u lalkj ds lEcU/kA u ekukieku] u in&Áfr"BkA oSjkX; osG lk/ku ;k rks nEHk gks tkrk gS ;k lkalkfjd LokFkZiwfrZ dk lk/kuA
rc viuk vius fy;s rks dqN jg ugha tkrkA dUgkbZ dh mnkjrk ;g gS fd og vkŸkZ vkSj vFkkZFkhZ dks Hkh Hk‰ ekurk
✤ dUgkbZ tc thou curk gS] thou txRikou cu tkrk gSA mldk gS fdUrq D;k vkŸkZ vkSj vFkkZFkhZ esa dUgkbZ osG fy;s D;k dksbZ O;kdqyrk gSA
Lej.k&fpUru djds nwljs vuUr dky rd vius dks ifo= djrs jgrs gSaA ✤ oSjkX; dk vFkZ gSµdqlax ls cps jguk vkSj fdlh Hkh lkalkfjd
og T;ksfriqat gks mBrk gS] tks lEioZG esa vk;k mlesa Hkh ogh T;ksfr dkeuk dks izcy u gksus nsukA foosd ds }kjk lalkj ds Hkksxksa dh vlkjrk
vorfjr gks x;hA ,d nhid ls nwljk nhid ty x;kA tSl&s tSls c<+xs h] oSl&s oSls ,d vksj muls oSjkX; c<+xs k vkSj nwljh vksj
✤ ;g lEiw.kZ txr] blosG lc :i dUgkbZ dh gh ÿhM+k gSA ;g lR; thou esa dUgkbZ dh vko';drk dk vuqHko c<sx+ kA
gksus ij Hkh rc rd ;g le> esa ugha vkrk] tc rd dUgkbZ thou u cu ✤ Ák.kksa esa I;kl tkxuh pkfg;sA dUgkbZ ds fy;s Árh{kk tkxuh
tk;A tc dUgkbZ thou cu tkrk gS rc txr~_ txr~ ugha jg tkrkA pkfg;sA Árh{kk tkx tk;s rks vius vki eu&Ák.k&thou mlds gh mUeq[k
✤ Áse dk firk gS fo'okl vkSj ekrk gS fujis{krkA lalkj esa lc vksj gks tk;A lc dke pysax]s pyrs jgsax_s fdUrq eu lalkj esa yxus ds LFkku
180 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 181

ij mpVk&mpVk jgsxkA ckj&ckj dku&Ák.k m/kj gh mUeq[k gksaxµ s ^dUgkbZ lkSUn;Z&oSlh lqUnjrk lalkj esa gksrh ugha_ fdUrq gekjh voLFkk ml le;
vk;k ughaA vk rks ugha jgk gS\* lkSUn;kZuqHkwfr dh ugha FkhA if.Mr th mBdj cSB x;s] ij eSa ysVk gh jgkA
✤ Árh{kk lcls cM+k lk/ku gSA dUgkbZ ds fy;s vkiosG Ák.k&eu os mlh pÌj ij gekjs lehi cSB x;sA
Árh{kk djus yxs] ;g lk/ku rks gS gh lk/; Hkh gSA bls ÁkIr dj yhft;sA FkksMh+ ckrsa dh mUgksaus if.Mr th ls vkSj fQj cksyµ s ^vki yksx [kks;k
dUgkbZ rks vkosxkµfoo'k gksdj vkosxk_ D;ksafd Árh{kk djrs Ák.kksa dh [kk;sax\s ge [kks;k ykrs gSaA*
og mis{kk dj ugha ldrkA nksuksa pys x;s vkSj oqGN {k.kksa esa gh ykSVAs nks nksus esa os yxHkx <kbZ iko
[kks;k yk;s FksA gekjs yksVs esa ty Hkh ogh ys vk;sA
vn~Hkqr vuqHko ^rqe nksuksa dgk° jgrs gks\* if.Mrth us iwNkA
ckr cgqr fnuksa dh gS] lEHkor% lu~ 1933 osG olUr dhA eSa mu fnuksa ^;gha ikl gh jgrs gSaA* ckr fo'okl djus ;ksX; FkhA ikl u jgrs rks
if.Mr Jh'kkUruqfcgkjh f}osnh th (vc Lokeh Jh v[k.MkuUn ljLorh bl jkf= esa yxHkx lk<+s x;kjg&ckjg cts [kks;k dgk° ls ys vkrsA
th) ds ?kj ij jgrk FkkA ge nksuksa ;qod Fks vkSj ,d ls >Ddh LoHkko osG os gesa foJke djus dks dgdj pys x;sA ge nksuksa us [kks;k [kk;k&isV
FksA if.Mr th us eq>ls lykg dh vkSj ge nksuksa ?kj ls fudy iM+As iSny Hkj x;k mlls] ty ihdj lks x;sA brus FkosG Fks fd tc uhan VwVh rks
;k=k dk ladYi FkkA ge yksx iSny ikf.Mpsjh rd tkuk pkgrs FksA oSls lw;ksZn; gks pqdk FkkA
chp esa esjs chekj gks tkus ls vkU/kz dh lhek ls gesa ykSV vkuk iM+k FkkA ikuh <w°<d+ j fuR; œR; ls fuo`Ÿk gq,A vc <w°<k] irk yxk;k rks ogk° u
ikl esa ,d yksVk] nks&nks /kksfr;k°] 'kjhj ij oqGrkZ&deht] ,d pÌj] dksbZ nqdku] u ikl&iM+kl s esa dksbZ xk°oA NksVk LVs'kuµvosGys LVs'ku
,d >ksyk vkSj cgqr FkksMµ s+ lEHkor% nl ls Hkh de #i, FksA ge yksx ekLVj vius DokVZj esa jgrs FksA ml LVs'ku osG ogh ikb.V eSu] fVdV
x;k rd jsy ls x;sA x;k ls iSny ;k=k ÁkjEHk gqbZA dysDVj] LVs'ku ekLVj lc oqGN FksA muosG ?kj rks dksbZ ckyd ugha FksA
x;k ls riksou vkSj ogk° ls igkfM+;ksa osG fdukjs&fdukjs jktx`g dh e/; jkf= dks] futZu esa ges [kks;k ns tkus okys os nksuksa ckyd fQj
vksj pyus yxsA riksou esa ,d oS".ko lk/kq us Hkkstu djk;k Fkk] vkxs ,d dkSu\
lk/kq us efUnj esa jkf= dks cqykdj vkokl vkSj Hkkstu fn;kA tks vukJ;] vleFkZ] vlgk;ksa osG ije lgk;d d#.kk&o#.kky;
ogk° ls Ákr% pys vkSj pyrs x;sA fnu esa eqV~Bh Hkj pus Hkh ugha gSa] mudks NksMd + j ml tughu vifjfpr LFkku ij ge vfr'k; FkosG]
feysA lw;kZLr gks x;k] dgha jkf= fcrkuk Fkk_ fdUrq o`{k osG uhps Hkh #d {kq/kkrqj] foo'k dh lqf/k ysus jkf= esa dkSu vk ldrk Fkk_ fdUrq mUgsa <w°<d + j
tkus dh lksprs rks dksbZ u dksbZ lehi osG xk°o dk vk /kedrk vkSj rks ik;k ugha tk ldrkA gesa vkxs py nsuk Fkk ogk° lsA
dgrkµ^;gk° er jgks_ vxys xk°o tkvksA* foo'k py nsuk iM+rkA bl
Ádkj dgha #dus dks Hkh LFkku ugha fey jgk FkkA lhrk&dq.M
fnu Hkj osG Hkw[ks] FkosG&gkjs yxHkx 26 ehy iSny pyus osG i'pkr~ vfXu dk og oqG.M [kkSyrs gq, ikuh ls Hkj x;kA m".k&ty ls mBrh
fcgkj ykbu ds ,d jsyos LVs'ku ij igq°ps (uke eq>s vc Lej.k ugha gS)A gqbZ ok"i dks ns[kdj vkt Hkh n'kZd pfdr jg tkrk gSA ÁR;sd ckjg
LVs'ku osG Vhu osG eqlkfQj&[kkus esa vosGyh pÌj fcNkdj ge nksuksa ysV o"kks± osG i'pkr~ tc jkeuoeh vkrh gS rks ,d fnu osG fy, ml oqG.M dk
x;sA jkf= esa dksbZ V™us ugha vkrh FkhA lqulku Fkk ogk°A ty 'khry iM+ tkrk gS vkSj fQj ogh m".krk] ogh ok"iA
vpkud rsjg&pkSng o"kZ dh vk;q osG nks ckyd vk;sA mudk og bl ikuh dh fofp= dgkuh i.Ms us cM+h xEHkhjrk ls lquk;hµ
182 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 183

fljko.k vkSj mlosG lkfFk;ksa dk lagkj gks tkus ij Jhjke us lhrk dks Jhjke us guqeku dh vksj ns[kdj dgkµ^vfXu ÁTofyr djksA*
fyok ykus osG fy, y{e.k dks HkstkAfi y{e.k dks Hkh bl eeZ dks le>us esa nsj yxhA vaxkjs ngd mBsA
ije fonq"kh ifr /keZ&ijk;.kk lhrk dks y{e.k fyok yk;sA Jhjke us mifLFkr e.Myh dks lEcks/ku djrs gq, Jhjke us dgkµ
lhrk dks ns[kk vkSj lhrk us Jhjke dksA nksuksa dh vk°[ksa ,d&nwljs osG ‚n; ^vius lkek/kku osG fy, ugha] tu&fuUnk ls Hk;Hkhr gksdj ugha]
rd igq°p x;haA nksuksa ekSu Fks] nksuksa mnklA pfj=&cy dh Áfr"Bk ds fy, lhrk dh vfXu&ijh{kk gksxhA lhrk
vpkud Jhjke dh Hk`oqGVh ruh] vk°[ksa vkdk'k dh vksj mBha fQj jk{kljkt jko.k osG paxqy esa jgh gSA og viuh ifo=rk dk Áek.k nsus osG
i`Foh ij vk tehaA ?kksj fpUru osG i'pkr~ Jhjke us ,d xgjk lk°l NksMk+ A fy, ngdrh gqbZ vfXu ij pysxhA*
ml lk°l esa thounkf;uh 'khryrk Hkh Fkh vkSj nkgd vfXu HkhA ^eq>s vfXu ij pyuk Lohdkj gSA lk°p dks vk°p dgk°\ esjs ifo=&Áse
Jhjke dh bl yhyk dk jgL; fdlh us ugha tkukA ls vfXu 'khry iM+ tk;sxhA pfj= dh dlkSVh vfXu&ijh{kk gSA vfXu esa
guqeku vkKk dh Árh{kk esa Fks] tkEcoUr] vaxn] lqxzho] foHkh"k.k ridj [kjs lksus dk :i fu[kjrk gSA*
vkfn ;qxy tksMh+ dh Nfo dk n'kZu ikus osG {k.k dh ckV tksg jgs Fks_ y{e.k dks ;g Álax ugha lqgk;kA ohj vkSj lPpk LoHkko Fkk] [kjh
y{e.k HkS;k dk ‚n; i<+ jgs Fks vkSj lhrk Jhjke osG eu dh xfrfof/k dk ckr dgrs Fks] ij'kqjke osG laokn esa] lsrqcU/k osG volj ij y{e.k osG
voyksdu dj jgh Fkhµ lkglh LoHkko dk ifjp; feyrk gSA mUgksaus dgkµ^HkS;k! ;g ugha
^vk;Z! eq> ij lUnsg u dfj;sA* gksxkA ekrk osG pfj= esa lUnsg dk dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA*
^fÁ;s! ge euq"; gS]a vkdk'k osG nsoh&nsork ughaA euq";&yhyk esa /keZ& lhrk us ÁlUurk ls dgkµ^vki mŸksftr u gksaA pfj=oku dh vfXu&
e;kZnk] lekt&e;kZnk vkSj yksd&laxzg dh n`f"V ls fopkj vko';d gSaA* ijh{kk lkFkZd gSA pfj=ghu rks Lo;a gh tyrk jgrk gSA*
fuHkZ;rk ls lkgl iwoZd lhrk us dgkµ^eq>s dksbZ vkifŸk ugha gSA* Jhjke us dgkµ^og pfj= gh D;k* tks vfXu (lkalkfjd rkiksa) ls
cl ,d gh Á'u gS\* Hk;Hkhr gksA*
^dgksA* lhrk us jke dk uke fy;kA iSj c<+k;k vkSj vfXu ij j[k fn;kA vkSj
^ikf.kxzg.k osG le; ijh{kk yh Fkh\* fQj bl Ádkj pyh] tSls 'khry /kjrh ijA
^gk°A* vfXu&ijh{kk esa lhrk mŸkh.k gqbZA fdlh tknw] ykx vFkok peRdkj
^oSGls\* osG cy ls ughaµuke&Lej.k vkSj pfj=&cy lsA
^vkRe&n`f"V lsA* π π π
^jkt&Hkou esa ijh{kk yh Fkh\* cgqr fnuksa osG i'pkr~ fcgkj osG ,d ÁkUr esa pkjksa HkkbZ lhrk&lfgr
^gk°A* ou&fogkj dj jgs FksA orZeku eqaxjs osG ikl mUgksaus lIrΩf"k;ksa osG n'kZu
^oSGls\* fd;sA Ωf"k;ksa us lcdk Á.kke Lohdkj fd;kµlhrk dk ughaA vkSj tc
^O;ogkj&n`f"V lsA* Hkkstu osG fy, Jhjke us vkxzg fd;k rks Ωf"k;ksa us Li"V dg fn;kµ^ge
^vc ijh{kk oSGls ysax\ s * lhrk osG gkFk dk vÈk xzg.k ugha djsaxAs *
^tu&n`f"V lsA Jhjke voko~G jg x;sA lhrk dks vius Áfr Xykfu gqbZA y{e.k osG
184 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 185

fy, ;g vieku vlguh; FkkA ijUrq Jhjke dk laoGs r ikdj 'kkUr jgsA lkr fnu rd vfXu esa cSBh lhrk osG xys dh ekyk Hkh ugha eqj>k;sxh rks
^eq>ls dkSu&lk iki cu iM+k gSa\* lhrk us dj tksMd + j Á'u fd;kA oqGlax dk nks"k dVk ekuk tk;sxkA*
^iki rks izR;{k gSA ujd osG leku oqGlax esa rqe jko.k osG ;gk° jghA ^vuqfpr! vuqfpr! vutkus esa tcnZLrh vlqjksa osG chp esa jgus dk
oqGlax dk nks"k gh vkidk iki gSA* ,slk dfBu Ák;f'prA*
^bldk Ák;f'pr gks x;kA vaxkjksa ij lhrk dk ;g iki HkLe gks pqdk ^Ák;f'pr djuk gh gksxk*µJhjke us n`<r+ k ls dgkA
gS vkiosG lkeus ije iquhrk txnEck gS*µy{e.k us rhozrk ls dgkA oqG.M dk fuekZ.k gqvkA vfXu ÁTofyr dh x;hA lhrk us dgkµ
^vfXu ij lhrk vius cy ls ugha] Jhjke osG Árki ls pyha FkhaA vk;Ziq=ksa! vkSj Ωf"k;ksa! vki lc bruh nwj pys tkb;s fd esjs iki dk
Jhjke dh n`f"V esa e`rdksa dks thfor djus dh 'kf‰ gS fQj muosG /kqvk° Hkh vkidks u yxsA eSa oqG.M esa cSBrh gw°A /kjrh ekrk vkSj vkdk'k osG
ns[krs&ns[krs thfor oSGls ty tk;\* Ωf"k;ksa us mŸkj fn;kA nsork esjs pfj= osG lk{kh gSaA*
^Ωf"k;ksa! eq>s vkKk nhft;sµfdl Ák;f'pr ls esjk iki dV ldrk lkr fnu rd lhrk /k/kdrs gq, vfXuoqG.M esa cSBh jghaA vkBosa fnu
gS\* lhrk cksyhA Ωf"k;ksa us guqeku dks ns[kus osG fy, HkstkA guqeku us Á.kke fd;kA lhrk us vius
y{e.k HkM+d mBs ^lhrk&ekrk funksZ"k gSA mlosG gkFk dk Hkkstu xzg.k xys ls iq"iksa dh ekyk mrkj dj nhµΩf"k;ksa us ns[kk fd og T;ksa dh R;ksa FkhA
u djus okyksa osG eu esa eSy gSA gesa dksbZ fpUrk ughaA Ωf"ktuksa! vkidk Ωf"k;ksa us ekrk ls vfXuoqG.M ls fudy vkus dh ÁkFkZuk dhµlhrk
;g O;ogkj f'k"V ugha gSA* ugha fudyhA
Ωf"k;ksa us ,d&nwljs dh vksj ns[kk] dkuk&iwGlh dhA vUr esa fu.kZ; firk tud us dgkµ^iq=h lhrk! ckgj vkdj esjs oqGy dh mTToyrk
gqvk fd ;fn jktk tud lhrk osG gkFk dk Hkkstu dj ysa rks gesa Hkh dksbZ dk Áek.k nksA*
vkifŸk ugha gksxhA lhrk ckgj vk;hA Ωf"k;ksa us Á.kke fd;kA vkdk'k us iq"i cjlk;sA
guqeku th jktk tud dks ysus x;sA jktk us vkdj Álax lquk vkSj blh le; lhrk osG ekFks ij ilhuss dh cw°nas vk;haA tSls gh ,d cw°n oqG.M esa
mlosG egRo dks le>kA fnO; thou] funksZ"k gks rks Hkh tu&n`f"V ml ij VidhµvfXu dk ty cu x;kA
iM+rh gSA dlkSVh ij [kjs mrjus okyksa dh txr esa yhd jgrh gSA vkt Hkh og ty] ty jgk gSA eqxa js osG fudV ^lhrkoqG.M* fLFkr gSA mlh
tud us dgkµ^lhrk esjh iq=h gSA lhrk dk iki esjk iki gSA og osG vkl&ikl pkjksa Hkkb;ksa us pkj tyoqG.M cuok;sµmudk ty 'khry gSA
firk gh D;k] ftldh larku fu"iki u gksA Ωf"k;ksa osG vkns'kkuqlkj tc lhrkoqG.M dk Úksr tgk° rd tkrk gS ogk° rd ty m".k jgrk gSA ;k=h
rd lhrk Ák;f'pr u dj ysxh eSa Hkkstu ugha d:°xkA* ml ty esa Luku] vkpeu vkfn djosG fujksx gksrs gSAa ;gh bl lhrkoqG.M osG
Jhjke us LokHkkfod 'kkfUr ls dgkµ^tks ftruk m°Gpk mBrk gS ml ij ikuh dh dgkuh gS] pfj= cy ls vkx Hkh ikuh&ikuh gks tkrh gSA
mruh gh tu&n`f"V iM+rh gSA mlosG ikl vk;k gqvk /kCck Hkh ml ij yxk
nh[krk gSA lko/kkuh vkSj /keZ mÈkfr'khy euq"; osG fy, gSA i'kq osG fy, Hkh ugha egkekuo (nSR;jkt) osG mn~xkj
vkSj nsork osG fy, Hkh ughaA euq"; yhyk dh gSµÁk;f'pr djuk gh gksxkA* nSR;jkt cfy dk loZLo rhu in i`Foh ek°xus osG cgkus ysdj Hkxoku~
^rks lqfu;s*µΩf"k;ksa us ?kks"k.kk dhµ^lhrk lkr fnu rd vfXu osG okeu us x#M+ }kjk mUgsa o#.k&ik'k ls c°/kok fn;kA vHkh os okeu fojkV~
tyrs oqG.M esa cSBxs hA mlosG xys esa ge ,d iq"iksa dh ekyk MkysaxAs ;fn :i esa lkeus [kM+s gSaA
186 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 187

blh le; 'kqÿkpk;Z us cfy osG lehi f[kld dj dgk°µ^nSR;sUÊ! cU/ku esa gS] ;g budh fot; gS ;k vlqj cfy dh\
rqeus esjh ckr ugha ekuh] vc ns[k fy;k] cU/ku rks fey gh x;k vkSj vc vki ls &nwljs Hkh eqfu;ksa ls lquk gS fd ;s viuh e;kZnk dHkh Hkax Hkh
ujd tkus dh ckjh gSA* dj nsrs gSa] fdUrq vius Hk‰ dh e;kZnk VwVus ugha nsrAs cfy us vkt mls Hkh
cfy us vkpk;Z dh vksj osGoy ,d ckj ns[kk vkSj fQj f=foÿe osG vki lcosG le{k rksM+ fn;k gSA
Jh pj.kksa esa n`f"V yxkdj cksyus yxsµ xq#nso! vkSj ÁHkq Hkh pkSoasG ughaA ;s x#M+ buosG ijeHk‰ gSa ;k ugha\
^vkpk;Z pj.k! vkt rks ;g nSR; cfy /kU;&/kU; gks x;kA bl ij vkidk f=Hkqou tkurk gS fd fourk&uUnu x#M+ ik'k&NsŸkk gSaA vkt cfy dks
bruk vuqjkx] bruk eksg gS fd lEeq[k bu fojkV~ ÁHkq osG gksrs Hkh vkidks bl x#M+ us ik'k esa ck°/kk] ;g x#M+ osG Lokeh dh fot; gS ;k cfy dh\
v/ke nSR; dk ftlus vkidh voKk dh] vkidh vkKk ugha ekuh] mldk cfy dks ;s vius djks ls Hkh ck°/k ldrs Fks] fdUrq rc ;g dgk tkrk
Lej.k vkrk gSA xq#nso dh ;g egrh œik eq>s feyh] /kU; gks x;k eSAa * fd ;s eks{knkrk fdlh dks cU/ku ugha ns ldrs\
xq#nso! eq>ls vkSj vkils Hkh fo".kq vifjfpr dgk° gSaA vHkh xq#nso! ujd dh ckr jg x;h] fdUrq bu fojkV~ ÁHkq esa eq>s rks dgha ujd
ve`r&eUFku osG le; os gekjs lkFk Fks] gekjs lkFk leqÊ&eUFku dj jgs FksA nh[krk ughaA vki bUgsa ,dckj fQj pj.kksa ls eLrd rd ns[k tk;] dgha mlesa
rHkh rks mUgsa dkSLrqHk&ef.k vkSj y{eh feyhaA ujd gS vkSj muesa fdlh esa cfy osG fy, LFkku cukus dk dksbZ Á;Ru gks jgk gS\
vHkh nsorkvksa osG lkFk gekjs lkFk ;qº esa os x#M+ ij cSBs nsorkvksa dh xq#nso! vki esa cU/ku dks ns[krs gSa] fdUrq dksbZ vius d"V ls ÁkIr
vksj ls gels ;qº dj jgs FksA /ku dks ;ksa gh Mky j[krk gS\ cfy osG eLrd ij viuk rhljk in
fo".kq rks cfy osG cgqr tkus&ifgpkus gSaA mUgsa nsork vkSj Ωf"k Hkys j[kdj vHkh&vHkh bUgksaus cfy osG bl 'kjhj dks /ku osG :i esa] r`rh; in
vftr dgsa_ fdUrq ge vlqjksa ls gkjdj gh rks mUgsa eksfguh cuuk iM+k FkkA Hkwfe osG :i esa fy;k gS ;k ugha\ bl Ádkj brus dkS'ky ls] brus Je ls
ckr fo".kq dh ugha gS] ckr rks lEeq[k [kM+s vuUr fojkV~ f=foÿe dh ik;s vius /ku dks ;s ck°/ksaxs ugha\ bls dgha cgqr lqjf{kr j[kus dk LFkku
gS vkSj cfy us vki lcosG lkeus bUgsa ckj&ckj ijkt; nh gSA bUgksaus lksp fy;k gksxkA ujd D;k ,slk lqjf{kr LFkku gS\
fojkV~ ÁHkq {kek djsa] vki Hkh xq#nso pkSoasG erA fcuk lk/ku&Hktu ysfdu xq#nso! /ku ysus okyk] /ku dks ck°/kus okyk Lo;a mlls eq‰
buosG bl fojkV~ :i dk n'kZu fdlh dks ;s nsrs gSa\ jgrk gS ;k mlosG lkFk c°/k tkrk gS\ bUgksaus cfy dks ck°/kk gS rks ;s cfy osG
nsork&nSR;] L=h&iq#"k] ckyd&o`º] i'kq&i{kh lcdks] ikih&iq.;kRek osG lkFk c°/ks ;k ugha\ xq#nso! ;g cfy dh fot; ugha gS\
fdlh fopkj osG fcuk ikrky ls cz„yksd rd osG lc Ákf.k;ksa dks cfy u buosG vkdk'k ls cfy osG mGij iq"i o"kkZ gks jgh FkhA 'kqÿkpk;Z LrC/k]
fojkV~ :i dk n'kZu lqyHk dj fn;k] ;g budh fot; gS ;k vlqj cfy dh\ eqX/k us= bl vfr vykSfdd f'k"; dks ns[k jgs FksA Hkxoku~ f=foÿe osG us=ksa ds
cfy rks vlqj gSA vlqj dk LoHkko gh /keZ dh e;kZnk u"V djuk dgk okRlY; vkSj v/kjksa ij vk;s eUn fLer dks irk ugha fdlh us ns[kk ;k ughaA
tkrk gSA cfy us /keZ dh e;kZnk bu /keZ osG ije ÁHkq dks rksMu+ s ij foo'k
dj fn;k gSµ ikB
bl Hk`xdq {k osG ifo= rhFkZ es]a vki tSls egku~ cz„Ωf"k;ksa dh mifLFkfr eSa vkt ;g fooj.k fy[kus cSBk gw°A D;ksa cSBk gw°\ bldk ,d gh mŸkj
esa] Átkifr d';i osG ije rstLoh cz„pkjh iq= dks Jºk lfgr FkksMh+ gS fd ;g ml egk'kf‰ osG Áfr œrKrk Kkiu dk ,d Á;Ru gS] ftlus
Hkwfe ugha] f=yksdh dkµvius loZLo dk nku fd;k cfy us vkSj og eq>s bl ;ksX; cuk;k gS fd eSa vkt ;g fooj.k fy[k ldrk g°wA vU;Fkk
188 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 189

bl fooj.k dks fy[kus dk dksbZ Á;kstuk eq>s nh[k ugha jgk gSµu vius ^eq>s rks ;gh i<+uk gSA* dksbZ ckyd ,slk gB djs] vkiosG lehi D;k
fy,] u fdlh vkSj osG fy,A mik; gS\ fdlh foKku dh vkBoha d{kk osG fo|kFkhZ dks vki ijek.kq&
,d xzkeh.k œ"kd dk iq=A vki mls vf'kf{kr Hkys u dgsa] lqf'kf{kr foKku vFkok vkbUlVhu flºkUr i<+k losaGxs\
og ugha FkkA vo'; gh tu&x.kuk vf/kdkjh f'k{kk okys dks"Bd esa ^vHkh rks ;g xzUFk eSa ugha i<+k ikm°GxkA* bl mŸkj esa dgha vf'k"Vrk]
mlosG uke ds lEeq[k Hkh oqGN fy[k ldrs Fks] ek= bruk ghA dksbZ mis{kk nh[krh gS vkidks\ dgk rks ;g tkuk pkfg;s Fkk fd ^rqe vHkh bls
Áek.ki= mlosG lehi fdlh ijh{kk esa mŸkh.kZ gksus dk ughaA ekr`Hkk"kk dh i<+u&s le>us ;ksX; ugha gksA*
ÁkjfEHkd f'k{kk dks f'k{kk dgus ls vkidk larks"k gksrk gks rks vki larq"V mldk mºr ^vga* og vR;Ur f'k"V vLohœfr Hkh lgu djus dks
vo'; gks ldrs gSaA ÁLrqr ugha FkkA mldh mŸkstukµ,d lk/ku ,oa le> ls jfgr dh mŸkstuk
ckr vkt dh ugha gSA oSls vkt Hkh oaGxky dh larfr u f'k{kk ikus dh dk D;k vFkZ gS\ mldh mŸkstuk ij yksx g°l nsa] blosG vfrfj‰ vkSj gks
vf/kdkfj.kh gS vkSj u Bhd jhfr ls fpfdRlk ÁkIr djus dhA jljfgr Hkh D;k ldrk gSA
f'kykvksa osG e/; Hkh oqGN r`.k&r#vksa dks c<+r&s iuirs eSaus ns[kk gSA π π π
fo/kkrk dk fo/kku ftls thou&iks"k.k nsuk pkgrk gS] >a>k osG Áp.M FkisMs+ ckr lekIr ugha gqbAZ ckr lekIr gh gks x;h gksrh rks ;g fooj.k gh D;ksa
Hkh mldk mUewyu ugha dj ikrsA osGoy o`{k&r`.k&oh#/kksa osG fy, gh ;g fy[kk tkrkA lkekU;r% vleFkZ] lk/kughu dh mŸkstuk ij yksx g°l nsrs gSa
lR; ugha gS] ;g lR; lHkh Ákf.k;ksa osG fy, gSA og Lo;a bl lR; osG Árhd vkSj ckr lekIr gks tkrh gSA og oqGN nwljh /kkrq ls cuk gSA oqGN ,slh /kkrq ls]
:i esa gh thfor FkkA vU;Fkk fu/kZu] ,dkdh] vukfJr vkSj ml ij Hkh ftlls os ikS/ks curs gSa tks e#LFky esa pÍkuksa osGµrirh pÍkuksa osG e/;
ftlus >qduk u lh[kk gks] lalkj osG fu"Bqj FkisMs+ mls vo'; rksM+ isGa drsA mxdj Hkh c<+rs gh tkrs gSAa tks yw esa >qylrs ugha vkSj vU/kM+ esa VwVrs ughaA
/ku ugha] Lotu ugha] miktZu ugha vkSj xoZµHkys dksbZ mls vkRekfHkeku ^eSa rqEgsa bldk ikB lqukm°GxkA rqe eq>s bls i<+k nsukA* fdlh ls
dg ys] vU; dk vkJ; ysus ugha ns rks D;k gksxk\ ogh lc tks ,slh iwNuk&lh[kuk rks mlosG LoHkko esa gh ughaA euekuh fof/k vkSj mlls
voLFkk esa lEHkkO; gS] gqvkA euekuk Qy pkgukµloZFkk vlaxr ckr gS_ fdUrq fdlh dk ;g LoHkko
^rqe eq>s ugha i<+krs\ vPNh ckr! eSa rqEgsa i<+kdj fn[kk nw°xkA* bl gh gks x;k gks rks vki mldk D;k dj ysxa \s vki mldh lQyrk&vlQyrk
ppkZ esa tks mºr xoZ gS] mls vki Li"V ns[k ldrs gSaA osG dksbZ BsoGs nkj gSa\
i<+us dh cgqr #fpA foaGrq lk/ku rks ugha gh Fks] le> Hkh ugha Fkhµ;gh dgha ls og ,d NksVk&lk fp= ys vk;k FkkA fp= Jhœ".k dk Fkk
dguk pkfg;s_ D;ksafd dksbZ ÁkjfEHkd f'k{kk Hkh ÁkIr u fd;s gks vkSj ml vkSj og ml fp= esa tks fpf=r Fkk] mllsµfu'p; gh mlls ,d vuqcU/k
fo"k; dk mPpre xzUFk gh i<+uk pkgsa rks mlesa le> gS] ,slk vki ekusax\ s dj jgk FkkA fp= ls vuqcU/k ugha fd;k tk ldrk] bruh le> mlesa FkhA
mlus egkxzUFk i<+us dh vfHkyk'kk dh FkhA ,d fo}ku ls fe=rk vc vki iwNas fd fp= esa tks fpf=r Fkk] mlus ,sls fdlh vuqcU/k dh
FkhA dguk ;g pkfg;s fd os ml ij vuqdEik djrs FksA LokHkkfod Fkk bPNk dh Fkh\ mls ,sls fdlh lkSns dh vko';drk Fkh\ mlus Lohœfr nh
fd i<+kus dh ÁkFkZuk ij fo}ku~ ;gh lEefr nsrµ s ^f'k{kk dk ÁkjEHk bl vuqcU/k dks\ bl lcdh mlus vko';drk gh ugha le>hA mlus
O;kdj.k dh lkekU; iqLrd ls dhft;s! /khjs&/khjs oqGN le; osG Je osG vuqcU/k lquk;k vkSj eku fy;k fd og iDdk gks x;kA
i'pkr~ ;g xzUFk Hkh vki i<+ losaGxsA* vki cqfºeku~ gSa] fo}ku~ gSa] 'kkL=K gSaA vkils dksbZ ,slk vuqcU/k
190 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 191

djus vk;s rks mls QVdkjdj Hkxk nsax]s ;g Bhd gSA vki ,sls vuqcU/k vkidks dksbZ ,slk Nk= fey tk; rks\ Mfj;s er! ,slk Nk= vius
dh ,di{kh;rk osG dkj.k mls loZFkk vuqfpr eku ysa] ;g ;ksX; gh gSA ;ksX; f'k{kd <w°< ysrk gSA tSlk xfoZ"B] vuqŸkjnk;h Nk=] oSlk gh fuiV
foaGrq vki dnkfpr~ ugha tkurs fd xksi dk ckyd bruk prqj] bruk ljy f'k{kdA og ikB rks vc Hkh lqukrk gh tkrk gSA
fo}ku~ ugha gqvk djrkA ckck uUn dk yM+dk bl lEcU/k esa cgqr Hkksyk ^eSa ikB dgk° djrk gw°A ,d ckj fdlh us mlls mlosG fuR; ikB&
gSA mlls dksbZ vuqcU/kµugha] og dgk° feysxk fd vki mlls vuqcU/k Á;kstu&Qy rFkk ikB djus dh fof/k iwNh rks cksykµ^eq>s ikB djus dh
djsaxAs mldks ns[kk fdlus gS fd mldk okLrfod fp= ;k ewfrZ cusxhA fof/k D;ksa pkfg;s\ eSa rks ikB lqukrk gw°A ikB dh dksbZ fof/k gS rks lquus
fdlh fp=] fdlh ewfrZ dks vkidk eu eku ys fd og mldk fp= ;k ewfrZ okyk mls dj fy;k djsxkA
gSµog >V ^gk°* dj nsxkA vki dfg;sµ^;g rw gSA* og ;'kksnk dk mlosG ikB lquus okys osG fy, dksbZ fof/k dgha vkidks feyh gS\
ykM+yk bruk ljy gS fd >V dg nsxkµ^gk°* ;g eSa gw°A* π π π
vuqcU/k dh ckrµml Hkksys ckyd ls vuqcU/k dj ysuk D;k dfBu ikB fLFkj cSBdj] fcuk flj ;k 'kjhj fgyk;s] Li"VksPpkj.kiwoZd
gSA fdlh fp=&ewfrZ osG lkFk vki vuqcU/k dj ysaA vkidk eu iDdk rks fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ekSu ikB] xkdj ikB] flj fgykdj ikB] vFkZ u
vuqcU/k iDdkA le>dj ikB] v'kqº ikB] vkrqjrkiwoZd ;k mis{kk ls ikBµ;s nks"k gSa
^;g vuqcU/k eSaus fd;k rsjs lkFkA Lohdkj gS rq>\s * ikB djus dh ;s ckrsa mls cgqr ihNs Kkr gqb±A oSls og ikB lqukrk gS]
;g Hkh iwNus dh vko';drk dgk° gSA vkius Lohdkj fd;k rks mls vr% fLFkj cSBdj] Li"V mPpkj.k djosG lqukrk gSA ekSu ikB djsxk rks
yxrk gS fd mldks Lohdkj djuk gh iM+xs kA vLohdkj djuk mls osGoy lquk;sxk oSGls\ xk;u mls vkrk ugha vkSj ikB lqukuk gS rks 'kqº i<+uk
rc vkrk gS] tc vLohœfr esa vkidk flj fgyrk gSA dgk u fd og pkfg;sA vo'; vFkZ le>us dh mlus fpUrk ugha dhA vFkZ ikB lquus
ckyd gSµcgqr Hkksyk xksi&ckyd] vr% mls rks osGoy vuqœfr vkrh okyk le> ys] ;g D;k i;kZIr ugha gS\
gSA og vkidk vuqdj.k ek= djrk gSA ^esjs vkpk;Z th ;g xzUFk i<+k ugha ikrsA vki D;k i<+k nsaxs eq>\ s ,d
mlus ml fp= esa tks fpf=r Fkk] mlls vuqcU/k dj fy;kA mlus vuqcU/k fnu ,d fo|kFkhZ vk x;k mlosG lehiA mPp d{kk dk ,d xzUFk Fkk
dj fy;k] vr% vuqcU/k rks gks x;kA iDdk Fkk og] vr% vuqcU/k Hkh mlosG gkFk esaA irk ugha D;ksa fo|kFkhZ us mls fo}ku~ le> fy;k FkkA
iDdkA mls vko';drk Fkh i<+us dh] ikB lquus okys dks vko';drk Fkh ^dy ls vkb;s i<+k nw°xkA* fcuk fgposG mlus fo|kFkhZ dks le; ns
lquus dh ;k ugha] ;g mlus ugha lkspkA D;k ;g lkspuk vuko';d ugha gS\ fn;kA tks xzUFk vkpk;Z ugha i<+k ikrs] mls og oSGls i<+k nsxk\ mlus rks ml
egkxzUFk dk ikBµ,d v/;k; dks lkekU; Loj ls] 'kh?kz xfr ls pkj& nsoHkk"kk dk dHkh Jh x.ks'k Hkh ugha tkukA fdUrq ;g lc mlus lkspuk
N% feuV esa i<+dj lquk nsuk mlus ÁkjEHk fd;k ml fnu lsA cl] i<+dj lquk vko';d ugha le>kA
nsukµlquk nsus dk gh rks mlus vuqcU/k fd;k FkkA i<+k nsus dk dke rks ikB ^eSa rq>s o"kZ Hkj ls ikB lquk jgk gw° vkSj rw eq>s bruk Hkh ugha i<+k ldk fd ;g
lquus okys dk FkkA nwljs osG dŸkZO; dk Hkkj og vius flj D;ksa ys\ mlus tjk&lh iqLrd eSa bls i<+k nw\ ° * cM+h >YykgVµcM+k ÿks/k vUrj esa mcykA
ikB fd;k vkSj xzUFk can djosG /kj fn;kA og vFkZ le>dj ikB djs] ihNs ftls ijh{kk nsuk Fkk] og fo|kFkhZ rks i<+us vkrk ghA iqLrd ysdj og
Vhdk] O;k[;k ns[ks] ihNs le>us dk Á;Ru djsµD;ksa djsa ;g lc\ ;gh le; ls oqGN igys vk /kedk FkkA iqLrd gkFk esa yh vkSj [kksydj ns[khA
lc og djs rks i<+kus okyk D;k djsxk\ mlus ;g lc dHkh ugha fd;kA oqGN le> esa ugha vk;k rks og >Yyk mBkA us= cUn djosG og eu&gh&
192 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 193

eu fcxM+kµ;g dksbZ ckr gS fd og o"kZ Hkj ls ,d vuqcU/k dk n`<r+ k ls ,d mijks‰ Ádkj osG nqxZe ekxZ osG ikl igq°pdj #d x;sA ml ikj jhN
ikyu dj jgk gS vkSj nwljk mlosG vius va'k dk ikyu u djsa! mudk cgqr FksA budk f'kdkj [ksyuk FkkA ekxZ ls ikj tkus dh ;qf‰ le> esa u
ÿks/k vuqfpr Fkk] ;g dksbZ dg oSGls nsxkA vk;hA nwjchu mBkdj ekxZ dks ns[kus yxsA ekxZ osG ml vksj ls ,d jhN
^vjs!* mlus nks {k.k esa us= [kksyAs mlh >YykgV esa gh ml iqLrd osG vk jgk FkkA ;s viuh cUnwd lEgkydj ,d vksj gVdj ns[kus yxsA
[kqys i`"B ij n`f"V x;h vkSj og pkSad x;kA mlus ftlls vuqcU/k fd;k blh le; bl vksj ls Hkh ,d jhN mlh ekxZ ls pykA vkjEHk esa ekxZ
gS] mlus vius dŸkZO;&ikyu esa rks dgha Hkh f'kfFkyrk ugha dh gSA O;FkZ gh oqGN eqMr+ k Fkk] vr% mu nksuksa us ,d nwljs dks ns[kk ughaA feå jkcVZ us
ml ij #"V gks jgk FkkA ;g iqLrd rks og cM+h ljyrk ls i<+k ldrk gSA lkspk ^vo'; ;s nksuksa ,d nwljs ls >xM+k dj [kM~Ms esa fxjsaxAs * b/kj ls
iqLrd i<+kus esa tqV x;k ogA er dfg;s fd mlus i<+k ughaA mldks i<+kus tkus okyk jhN cM+k Fkk] vkSj m/kj ls vkus okyk NksVkA ij ekxZ NksVs jhN us
okyk vn~Hkqr gS] osGoy ;g vki dg ldrs gSaA vf/kd ikj dj fy;k FkkA nksuksa ,d nwljs osG lkeus igq°p dj 'kkUr [kM+s
π π π gks x;s cM+s jhN us oqGN cM+cM+kdj dgk vkSj /khjs ls mlh ekxZ esa ysV x;kA
^jkek;.k] xhrk] Hkkxor rks dYio`{k gSa! ,d egkiq#"k us ,d NksVk jhN mlosG 'kjhj ij ls vkxs c<+kA mlosG ikj gks tkus ij nwljs us Hkh
ckj dgkµ^;s xzUFk ugha gSaA ;s rks Hkxoku~ osG lk{kkr~ Lo:i gSaA viuk ekxZ fy;kA f'kdkjh ij i'kqvksa osG bl lkStU; dk ,slk ÁHkko iM+k
mudk ok≥~e; Jhfoxzg bu :iksa esa gSaA tks ftl bPNk ls budk fd og pqipki cUnwd ysdj ykSVk vk;kA
vkJ; ysrk gS] mldh og bPNk buls iw.kZ gksrh gSA* e/;Áns'k osG ouksa esa Ák;% ck?k vkSj phrs feyrs gSaA t¬yh okjkg rks
bl fooj.k osG lanHkZ esa egkiq#"k dk ;g okD; lgt Lej.k gks ogk° pkgs tc ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA brus ij Hkh ogk° osG xksikyksa dks ou esa
vk;kA dYio`{k dk vkJ;µvPNk] mlus dYio`{k dk vkJ; fu}ZUn i'kq pjkrs vki ik;saxAs bldk dkj.k gS] os vius ikyrs i'kqvksa dh
fy;k rks vkiosG fy, Hkh rks og dYio`{k vyH; ugha gSA LokfeHkf‰ osG dkj.k ou esa Hk;¡j i'kqvksa ls fuHkZ; gksrs gSaA
e/; Áns'k dh HkSalks osG lhax Áflº gSaA m/kj NksVh lhax dh HkSalas gksrh
ge lh[k ldrs gSa gh ughaA muosG lhax lh/ks Vs<s+ nksuksa vksj iSGys gksrs gSaA ijLij yM+kbZ gksus ij
phu osG os irys vkSj nqxZe ekxZ viuh Hk;¡jrk osG fy, Áflº gSaA lhax cgq/kk VwVrs gSaA dHkh&dHkh ijLij my> Hkh tkrs gSaA
,d vksj ehyksa uhp [kÏk vkSj nwljh vksj lh/ks xxupqEch ioZrA cl] ;g fiNys fnuksa ,d Xokyk vius i'kqvksa osG lkFk ou ls lU/;k dks ykSV
phuh oqGfy;ksa osG cl dk gh gS fd cM+&s cM+s pk; osG xÎj fy, os ml ekxZ jgk FkkA dgha ls ck?k dh vkgV feyh] i'kq vius vki ,d= gks x;sA
ls ikj gks tkrs gSaA rfud&lk iSj fgyk vkSj [kM~Ms esa vfLFk;ksa dk Hkh irk Xokyk vius cM+s HkSals ij cSB x;kA HkSalksa us ml HkSals dks chp esa dj fy;kA
ugha jgsxkA lk/kkj.k euq"; rks Hk; ls gh fxj tk;sxkA bu ekxks± esa chp ls HkSals dh vksj ihB vkSj ckgj dh vksj eq[k] bl Ádkj i'kqvksa us ,d o`Ÿk
ykSVuk rks lEHko gh ughaA bruk LFkku ugha fd dksbZ ?kwe losG] cspkjs oqGyh cuk fy;kA ck?k lEHkor% Hkw[kk] mlus Ák.kij [ksydj vkÿe.k fd;kA
Hkh ioZr ij ls ciZG fxjus osG dkj.k Áfro"kZ cgqr ls ejrs gSaA ij mUgsa rks og mNydj chp ls Xokyss dks ys tkuk pkgrk FkkA
ml ekxZ ls tkuk gh iM+rk gSA ikih isV lkFk tks BgjkA ck?k mNyk] HkSalk gV x;kA mlh {k.k i'kqvksa dk O;wg myV x;kA
feå jkcVZ f'kdkj ds cM+s O;luh FksA os phu esa vHkh&vHkh gh vk;s ihB ckgj vkSj eq[k HkhrjA ,d lkFk lSdM+kas rh{.k lhax ck?k osG 'kjhj esa
FksA t¬y esa jLlh] cUnwd] nwjchu vkfn vko';d lkexzh ysdj x;sA ?kql x;sA u og rM+i ldk] u fgy ldk] cl ogha lekIr gks x;kA
194 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 195

cxhpk ikl Fkk] cxhps esa cUnjksa dk fuokl FkkA oSls cUnj xzke esa Hkh ouksa osG vUos"kd tksUl egk'k; ?kwers gq, m/kj igq°pAs tc os ml oqGŸks
fnu Hkj mG/ke epkrs jgrs FksA oqG,° osG ikl rks mudk te?kV yxk gh jgrk osG ikl igq°ps rks ml ou dh vksj vkrh gqbZ nkokfXu mUgksaus ns[khA oqGŸks dks
FkkA xehZ osG fnu Fks] ikuh ,oa 'khryrk ;gha ÁkIr gksrh FkhA blh oqG,° dk Mjkdj Hkxk nsus dh mUgksaus ps"Vk dh] ij og vius LFkku ls gVk ughaA
ty vPNk Fkk] vr% xzkeh.k fL=;k° ;gha ls ty ys tkrh FkhaA foo'k gksdj osa etnwj dks lekpkj nsus vkxs c<+As cM+h nsj esa nwj tkdj rks
NksVs cPps lHkh osG mG/keh gksrs gSa] fQj cUnjksa osG rks o`º Hkh mG/keh og etnwj mUgsa feykA lekpkj ikrs gh og nkSMk+ A phM+ dk ou bruh nsj esa
gksrs gSaA cPpksa dh D;k ppkZA mNy&owGn esa ,d cPpk oqG,° esa fxj x;kA ty Hkh pqdk FkkA etnwj dks fpUrk djrs ns[k tksUl egk'k; us dgk
ikl osG cUnj ph[kus yxsA ph[k lqurs gh vkl&ikl osG lc cUnj nkSM+ jksfV;ksa osG fy, fpUrk er djks] esjs ikl gSaA eSa rqEgsa ns nw°xkA* og cksyk
vk;sA oqG,° osG pkjksa vksj ,d= gksdj mUgksaus >k°ddj ns[kk] cPpk ty ij ^egksn;! eq>s jksfV;ksa dh fpUrk* ughaA esjk oqGŸkk ty x;kA esjh vkKk osG
rSj jgk FkkA os ,d {k.k rd osGoy ph[krs vkSj >k°drs jgsA fcuk og ml LFkku ls gVk Hkh ugha gksxkA* nwljs fnu ns[kk x;k fd Bhd
lglk ,d cUnj tks fd lcesa cyoku~ Fkk] oqG,° osG mGij yxs [kEHks mlh LFkku ij oqGŸks osG 'kjhj dh HkLe gSA Lokeh dh vkKk dk ikyu djus
dks gkFkksa ls idM+dj oqG,° esa yVd x;kA nwljk cUnj mlosG mGij ls x;k osG fy, mlus fcuk fgys&Mqys viuh vkgqfr ns nh FkhA
vkSj mlosG fiNys iSj dks dej osG ikl ls idM+dj yVdkA fQj rks ÿe ge vius dks lH; euq"; dgrs gSAa ij ge ,d nwljs osG j‰ osG fiiklq
c°/k x;k] ,d nwljs osG mGij ls tkdj os yVdrs x;sA iaf‰ ty rd jgrs gS]a HkkbZ&HkkbZ esa gh erSD; ughaA Lokeh dks /kks[kk nsus dh rks lksprs gh
igq°ph] vfUre cUnj cPps dks ysdj ml iaf‰ ij ls mGij vk x;kA fQj jgrs gSAa ml txr~ osG Lokeh osG fy, ge FkksMk+ Hkh d"V mBkuk ugha pkgrsA
uhps ls os ÿe'k% mGij vkus yxs vkSj lc mGij vk x;sA pkgsa rks ijLij lkSgkÊZ] eS=h] lg;ksx] l¬Bu] R;kx vkSj Lokfe&Hkf‰ osG
usoys dh cqfºeŸkk rks ugha] ij Lokfe&Hkf‰ Áflº gSA mls yksx mPp vkn'kZ osG :i esa ;g ckrsa i'kqvksa ls ge lh[k ldrs gSAa
blfy, ugha ikyrs fd og Lokeh osG vÁlÈk gksrs gh vkRegR;k dj ysrk
gSA Lokeh osG vÁlÈk gksrs gh og vius 'kjhj dks j[kus ;ksX; ugha le>rkA j{kd osG yEcs gkFk
oqGŸkksa dks Lokfe&Hkf‰ osG lkFk cqfºekuh Hkh Áflº gSA os vijkf/k;ksa dk lu~ 1970 dh 20 tqykbZ dks vyduUnk esa tks ck<+ vk;h] og bfrgkl
irk yxkrs gSa] laLFkkvksa osG fy, pUnk djrs gS vkSj Hkh ik'pkR; yksx muls dh dh Áflº ck<+kas esa fxuh tk;xhA cÊhukFk&ekxZ osG rhu cM+s vkSj nl NksVs
cgqr ls dke ysrs gSaA iqy cg x;sA iwjs 65 ehy dh lM+d /oLr gks x;hA 30 cl] V™d ,oa dkjsa
?kj dh j[kokyh rks oqGŸks gekjs ns'k esa Hkh djrs gSAa lgÚksa dh HkhM+ esa vius /kkjk esa cg x;haA dbZ xk°o yqIr gks x;sA vyduUnk dk ty oqGN LFkkuksa ij
Lokeh dks igpkuus esa xzkeflag dks dksbZ d"V ugha gksrkA og lw?° kdj vius 65 iqGV m°Gpk mB x;k FkkA ?kVuk blh ck<+ dh gS vkSj csykowGph uked ml
iks"kd dks igpku ysrk gSA blosG vfrfj‰ mlesa vk'p;Ztud R;kx ,oa LFkku dh gS] tgk° lcls vf/kd /oal gqvkA lc eksVjsa ogha cgh gSAa
lgu'khyrk gksrh gSA og Lokeh osG fy, ljyrk ls 'kjhj R;kx dj ldrk gSA clsa] VSfDl;k°] djsa] V™oasG] [kM+h FkhaA lM+d cUn gksus ls lc :dh gqbZ
vizGhdk osG t¬y esa ,d etnwj ydM+h dkVus x;kA etnwj us ,d FkhaA ;k=h ?kwe&Vgy jgs Fks] [kk&ih jgs Fks ;k cSBs FksA lglk vyduUnk&dk
isM+ osG uhps nksigj dks Hkkstu osG fy, yk;h jksfV;k° j[k nh vkSj vius oqGŸks ikuh c<+us yxkA feuVksa esa iqGVksa c<+ jgk FkkA fpYykgV eph vkSj yksx
dks mudh j{kk osG fy, NksM fn;kA nwljs i'kq Hkh j{kd osG vHkko esa jksfV;k° HkkxsA lM+d ls mGij iqfyl pkSdh] ikB'kkyk vkfn esa 'kj.k yh lcusA
ys tk ldrs FksA etnwj t¬y esa nwj dke&;ksX; ydM+h <w<° u+ s pyk x;kA brus esa iqy cg x;k vkSj eksVjsa cg x;haA ikuh mGij c<+rk pyk x;k gSA
196 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 197

yksx ftu x`gksa esa Fks] muls Hkh mGij tkus dk ck/; gq,A gks tkrk gS vkSj og f'k'kq jksrk Hkh ugha FkkA ets ls v°xwBk pwlrs feykA
fnu Mwc x;k FkkA jkf= dk vU/kdkj] ?kksj o"kkZ] fdUrq ckj&ckj mlh LFkku dh] mlh le; dh mlls Hkh vk'p;Ztud ?kVuk gSA ,d cgqr
fctyh ped jgh FkhA lh/ks [kM+s igkM+ ij Hkhxrs gq, iRFkj vkSj o`{kksa dh eksVh v/ksM+ L=h lcls ifgys bl nq?kZVuk osG ckn peksyh igqp ° hA mudk dguk
tM+as idM+dj mGij p<+uk FkkA yksxksa dks ft/kj lw>k m/kj p<+us yxsA gSµ^iqy cg x;kA eksVjsa cg x;haA xaxk dk ty vk°/kh osG leku c<+rk vkrk
vf/kd yksx ,d vksj p<+As jkr Hkj iRFkjksa ls fpiosG Hkhxrs jgs vkSj lcsjs FkkA v°/ksjk gks x;k FkkA ?kksj o"kkZ gks jgh FkhA yksx Hkksxrs gq, igkM+ ij p<+us
fdlh Ádkj ioZr osG mGij ls fcuk jkLrs pydj ihiydksVh vk;sA yxsA eSa lM+d ij Hkh dfBukbZ ls pyrh gwA° fQlyu Hkjs [kM+s igkM+ dk
,d lTtu liRuhd ;k=k djus x;s FksA iRuh dh xksn esa nw/k ihrk ns[kdj gh gkj x;hA p<+us dk eu Hkh djrh rks fxjdj] gkFk&iSj rksMd + j xaxk
cPpk FkkA clsa vkSj VSfDl;k° cÊhukFk rd tkrh gSaµvr% ,sls yksx Hkh ets esa fxjrhA lcdks vius Ák.kksa dh iM+h FkhA esjh vksj dkSu ns[krkA eSa ,d iRFkj
ls ;k=k djrs gSaA csykowGph esa og xkM+h cg x;h ftlls os ;k=k dj jgs ij cSB x;h fd ejuk rks gS ghA Hkxoku~ dk uke ysus yxhA xaxk dk ikuh eq>s
FksA foifŸk vk;h rks os iRuh&cPps dks NksMd + j igkM+ ij p<+us yxsA ik°p&N% feuV esa ys tk;xk] ;g ckr iDdh FkhA*
iRuh fpYykbZ ^eSa cPps dks ysdj ugha p<+ ikrh gw°A* ^vpkud ,d yM+dk Hkhxrk gqvk vk;kA fctyh pedh rks eSaus
ckr Bhd FkhA cPps dks xksn esa ysdj [kM+s igkM+ ij dksbZ ugha p<+ bruk ns[kk fd og dkys jaxk dk gS mlus dgkµ^ekrkth] mBks! eSa rqEgsa ys
ldrk FkkA iRFkj vkSj tM+as idM+dj isV osG cy ljd dj ?kksj o"kkZ esa pyrk gw°A mlus gkFk idM+kA eSa mBdj pyus yxh_ fdUrq esjs us= mlosG
fQlyus ls cpdj p<+uk FkkA gkFk idM+rs gh cUn gks x;sA fdruh nsj pyh] irk ughaA yxk fd eSa
vyduUnk dk ty c<+rk vk jgk FkkA ifr dk lkgl uhps vkus dk cjkcj jkLrs ij pyrh x;hA vpkud yM+oGs us gkFk NksM+ fn;kA eSaus us=
ugha Fkk mUgksaus fpYykdj dgkµ^cPps dks NksM+ ns vkSj pyh vkA* [kksys rks og ogk° ugha Fkk vkSj eSa ihiydksVh esa [kM+h FkhA ogk° ls peksyh
Ák.k dk eksg cgqr cM+k gksrk gSA ek° us cPps dks ,d iRFkj ij /kj dk iSny jkLrk vPNk gS] vr% eSa iSny peksyh vk x;hA*
fn;k vkSj mGij p<+us yxhA nqHkkZX;µftl ioZr ij os nEifŸk p<+ jgs Fks] ogk° dksbZ ekxZ Fkk gh ugha] ogk° lery ekxZ ij pyus dk Hkze eu esa
og iwjk ioZr fQlydj fxj iM+kA mlh ioZr us csykowGph xk°o dks u"V mRiUu djosG vkSj gkFk idM+dj mls ihiydksVh rd igq°pkus okyk
fd;kA os nksuksa ekjs x;sA rhu fnu ihNs lsuk osG toku csykowGph ds LFkku yM+dk dkSu gksxkµvki vius fpŸk ls iwN yhft;sA
ij igq°pAs os ekxZ cukus vkSj nch yk'ksa fudkyus yxsA mUgsa og cPpk
vius iSj dk v°xwBk eq[k esa ysdj pwlrk] thrk] LoLFk] ÁlUu feykA ngh [kk≈°xk
gqvk ;g Fkk fd ioZr dh nks cM+h f'kyk,° cPps osG nksuksa vksj fxjha vkSj ^vjs] ogk° D;k mBk&iVd dj jgk gS\* bl xksih dks vk'p;Z gS fd
,d NksVk rEcw cu x;kA ioZr dh feV~Vh&iRFkj ls og rEcw bruk iDdk uUnuUnu bl Ádkj blosG lEeq[k gh ?kj esa ?kql vk;k gS vkSj fcuk iwN]s
<d x;k fd vyduUnk osG Ácy Áokg esa Mwcus ij Hkh mlesa ikuh ?kql fcuk ladksp vk°xu osG ik=ksa dks b/kj ls m/kj f[kldk jgk gSA
ugha ldkA ikuh dh /kkj cgrh jgh mGij ls dbZ ?k.VsA uUgk ';kelqUnj] vHkh dfBukbZ ls <kbZ o"kZ dk fnxEcj rks gS gh]
;gk° rd vki la;ksx dg ldrs gSa_ fdUrq rhu fnu] rhu jkr ml lcsj&s lcsjs Hkkxk vk;k gSA vHkh eS;k us bls u Luku djk;k gS vkSj u vyosGa
nq/keqgas ckyd osG eq[k esa ,d cw°n ikuh ugha x;kA og /kkjk osG ty esa dbZ l°okjh gSA diksyksa rd dTty iSGyk gSA ?kq?kjkyh vyosGa fc[kjh gSAa
?k.Vs Mwck jgkA LoLFk lcy O;f‰ Hkh fcuk ty osG rhu fnuksa esa v/kejk ;g irk ugha fdl /kqu esa gSAa cM+s eVosG blls gVrs ughaA tks NksVs [kkyh
198 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu 199

?kV gVrs Hkh gS]a mUgsa nksuksa gkFkksa ls fdlh Ádkj b/kj ls m/kj f[kldkus esa xk°o osG ?kjksa dh jksVh mudh Árh{kk djrhaA
bldk deyeq[k yky&yky gks mBrk gSA ysfdu ;g dj D;k jgk gS\ ,d vkJe esa Bgj x;sA dQ vk;k ,d vksj Fkwd fn;kA vkJe osG
^rw ;gk° D;ksa vkbZ\* dUgkbZ us myVs xksih dh vksj ns[kk vkSj gkFk dh O;oLFkkid us ns[kk rks fcxM+kµ^pkgs tgk° Fkwduk gks rks viuh oqGfV;k
eqV~Bh fn[kk nhA vHkh ;g viuh /kqu esa gSaA cuokvks!* ckr yx x;hA Jºkyqvksa ls dg&dgkdj Hkwfe yhA b±V osG
^rw ;g mBkiVd ?kj djukA* xksih g°l iM+h ysfdu bl lqoqGekj dks x/ks fxus] dkjhxj&etnwjksa ls >xM+As oqGfV;k cu x;hA xehZ vk;hA
bruk Je djrs ns[kk ugha tk ldrkA ^D;ksa dj jgk gS ;g lc\* mŸkjk[k.M tkus dh bPNk gqbZA oqGfV;k ij jgs ,slk lk/kw <w°<+ jgs FksA fdlh
xksih dh ckr v/kwjh jg x;hA mlosG xksjl&x`g esa >V eksgu Hkkxdj us iwNkµ^vki bl cU/ku esa oSGls i°Gls\*
?kqlk vkSj nwljs gh {k.k ogk° HkM+ke~ gks x;kA xksih Hkkxdj igq°phµ^;g ^Fkwd dh nyny esa Q°l x;kA* egkRek cksyµ s ^nks {k.k&nks dM+h
D;k fd;k rwu\ s * ckr lgh ugha x;h] vc viusius dk yDdM+ xys esa vVd x;kA*
^rwus gh rks dgk FkkA* dUgkbZ ngh dh NksVh ngsaMh+ iVd dj [kM+k gks
x;k gSA ngsaMh+ osG VqdM+s fc[kjs gSa vkSj ngh Hkwfe ij rks iSGyk gh gS] blosG nq%[k dk vk'khokZn
iSjksa dks Hkh mTToy cuk jgk gSA jke ou tkus ds fy;s tc lcls fonk ys pqds rks vUr esa vk'khokZn ysus
^eSaus D;k dgk Fkk\* xksih us us= dM+s fd;sA ds fy, xq# of'k"B th ds ikl x;sA of'k"B th us dgkµ^^Jhjke] ;fn
^rwus ugha dgk Fkk* dUgkbZ fcuk fgposG cksy jgk gSµ^?kj esa mBkdj ou tkus ds fy;s rqEgkjk eu u gks rks fu%'kadksp eq>ls dg nks] eSa Lo;a
iVdA ^eSaus dksbZ vius ?kj esa djus dks dgk Fkk\* xksih cM+h dfBukbZ ls egkjkuh dSd;s h ls dgdj ;g vkKk jn~n djok nw°xkA**
g°lh jksd ik jgh gSA jke dh vk°[ksa NyNyk vk;haA of'k"B th ds pj.kksa esa flj uokdj os
^?kj esa gh rks dgk FkkA* ';ke dgk° vHkh viuk&ijk;k le> ikrk gSA cksy]s ^^{kek djsa Hkxou~] jke dks lq[k ugha pkfg,A jke rks vkt vkils
^rw mG/ke djrk gS rks vc ekj [kk;xkA* xksih Mk°Vus ij gh mrk: yxrh nq%[k ek°xus vk;k gSA nq%[k dk vk'khokZn nsaA**
gSA ^og rw [kk ysukA* dUgkbZ ogha iSGys ngh osG e/; ikyFkh yxkdj cSB ^^nq%[k D;ksa] oRl!**
x;kµ^eSa rks ngh [kkm°GxkA* ^D;k\* vc xksih dh g°lh iwGV iM+h gSA jke us dgk] ^^nso] bu Jhpj.kksa dh gh rks f'k{kk gS fd lq[k dk ns'k
^ogh ekj] Hkkj] Nkj irk ugha D;kA* Hkksyis u ls ';ke us ngh eq[k esa Mkyrs ;kstuHkj dk gS] ysfdu nq%[k dk ns'k gS vkdk'k dh rjg fu%lhe gSA eq>s
dgkµ^tks rw dg jgh FkhA rq>s ehBk yxrk gS rks og Hkj isV rw [kkysA* ;kstuHkj ds ns'k dk jktk cuuk ekU; ugha gSA eSa lw;Zoa'kh gw°] ijkÿeh gw°
bl ngh dk Hkksx yxkrs uUgsa uUnyky dks vf/kd vodk'k ughaA xksih vkSj vkidk f'k"; gw°] eq>s fu%lhe ns'k dk jkT; pkfg,A** jke dh yxu
bruh yEch&rM+xa h gS rks Lo;a D;ksa ugha le> ysrh fd mls D;k [kk ysuk gSA esa ns'k dh lukru&lk/kuk dks bl Ádkj QyhHkwr gksrs ns[k eqfu of'k"B
Fkwd dk nyny dk ‚n; vkuUn foHkksj gks mBkA jke dks ‚n; ls yxkdj os cksy]s ^^tkvks
oRl] nq%[k dh [kkst esa tkvksA lhek,° gh ugha] dky Hkh rqEgsa 'kh'k
jers jke egkRek FksA ,d de.Myq] NksVk&lk fcLrjA eu yxk] iM+s uok;sxkA**
jgsA eu mpVk rks fcLrjk lesV dU/ks ls yVdk;k] de.Myq mBk;k vkSj ✤✤✤
py [kM+s gq,A gj lwuk efUnj mudh oqGfV;kA gj o`{k mudk rEcwA gj
200 Jh lqn'kZu flag ^pØ* th ds vk/;kfRed ys[kksa dk ladyu

xzaFk lwph
ÿ-la- iqLrd dk uke i`-la- ewY;
1- mUekfnuh ;'kksnk 105 80-00
2- 'k=q?u dqekj dh vkRedFkk & 40-00
3- vk¥tus; dh vkRedFkk 268 160-00
4- lkaLœfrd dgkfu;k° & Hkkx&1 ls 6 560 150-00
5- lkaLœfrd dgkfu;k° & Hkkx&7 ls 12 548 150-00
6- ikFkZ lkjFkh 440 100-00
7- Hkxoku oklqnso 416 175-00
8- }kfjdk/kh'k 392 200-00
9- uUnuUnu 590 125-00
10- deZ jgL; 176 100-00
11- jkepfjr iwoZ [k.M 647 260-00
12- jkepfjr mŸkj [k.M 715 285-00
13- jke ';ke dh >kadh 192 100-00
14- iyd >idrs 90 30-00
15- vkidh p;kZ 136 35-00
16- dUgkbZ 202 151-00
17- lk/; vkSj lk/ku 332 150-00
18- fpUru fpUrkef.k (xhrk fpUru lfgr) 204 125-00
19- f'ko pfj= 142 175-00
20- f'ko Lej.k 64 8-00
21- ';ke dk LoHkko 80 40-00
22- fgUnqvksa ds rhFkZLFkku 274 35-00
23- Jhpÿpfjre~ 500 150-00
24- izHkw vkor & 120-00
25- os feysaxs & &
26- jk{kljkt 128 120-00
27- ekul ds vuq"Bku ,oa guqer mikluk 65 35-00
28- l[kkvksa ds dUgS;k 174 100-00
29- Jhœ".k loZ:i 114 35-00
30- vk/;kfRed dgkfu;k° & 25-00
(nl egkozr] uo/kk HkfDr Hkkx&1] uo/kk HkfDr Hkkx&2)
31- Jhen~Hkkxor inPNsn] vUo;& 607 175-00
,dkn'k LdU/k (uoe [k.M) (izFke ls n'ke LdU/k rd miyC/k ugha gSA)
32- Jhen~Hkkxor inPNsn] vUo;& 555 160-00
}kn'k LdU/k (n'ke [k.M)

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