Part Two of Famagusta Gazette’s exploration into the history of the Cyprus Railway.
The early 20th century marked a pivotal era for Cyprus, as modernization efforts under British administration began to reshape the island’s infrastructure. Among the most ambitious and transformative projects of the time was the creation of the Cyprus Government Railway (CGR), a narrow-gauge railway system designed to connect key regions and invigorate the economy.
The vision for the CGR took shape in the early 1900s, with plans to construct a railway that would link the strategic port town of Famagusta to Nicosia, the island’s capital. Construction commenced in 1904, and by October 21, 1905, the first section of the railway was completed. The 36-mile stretch from Famagusta to Nicosia was officially inaugurated amid great anticipation, symbolizing a leap forward in the island’s development.
Encouraged by this success, the British administration pressed on with the expansion of the network. In 1907, the second phase of construction reached Morphou, adding an additional 24 miles to the railway. This fertile region, known for its agricultural productivity, now had improved access to markets and trade routes. By 1915, the railway had extended further west to the mountainous area of Evrychou, bringing the total length of the CGR to 76 miles.
During its formative years, the railway became an essential lifeline for the island. It facilitated the transportation of goods such as minerals, timber, and agricultural produce, which were crucial to the economy. Passenger services also proved to be a boon, connecting remote villages to urban centers and offering an affordable and efficient mode of travel for many Cypriots.
Despite its successes, the CGR faced challenges from the beginning. Operational costs were higher than expected, and the railway’s financial viability was a constant concern. Nevertheless, between 1900 and 1920, the CGR played a vital role in fostering economic growth and connecting communities across the island.
This period of expansion and adaptation laid the groundwork for the railway’s legacy, even as the rise of road transport began to cast a shadow over its future. The CGR’s early years remain a testament to the transformative power of infrastructure in shaping the trajectory of a nation.
You can read Part One into the history of the Cyprus Railway here, delving into the fascinating story of its development, from the early discussions about the need for improved transport infrastructure during British colonial rule to the challenges and triumphs that shaped its eventual construction and operation.
