Moraalne paanika

Moraalne paanika on laialtlevinud hirm, et mõni pahatahtlik isik või asi ohustab kogukonna või ühiskonna väärtuseid, huvisid või heaolu.^[1]^[2]^[3] Ühiskonna mure tekitamise protsessi mingi probleemi pärast algatavad tavaliselt huvigrupid ja massimeedia ning seda võimendavad omakorda poliitikud ja seadusandjad.^[4] Moraalne paanika tekitab tihti õigustuse uute ühiskonna kaitseks mõeldud seaduste vastuvõtmiseks.^[5]

Termini võttis kasutusele sotsioloog Stanley Cohen, kelle sõnul tekib moraalne paanika kui "seisund, episood, isik või isikute rühm on määratletud ohuna ühiskondlikele väärtustele ja huvidele". Kuigi käsitletavad probleemid võivad olla tõelised, liialdatakse nende liigse rõhutamisega nende "tõsidust, ulatust, tavalisust ja/või ärahoitavust". Moraalset paanikat uurivad teadusharud, nagu sotsioloogia, kriminoloogia, meediauuringud ja kultuuriuuringud.^[6]

Moraalse paanika näited on uskumus nagu pedofiilid rööviksid massiliselt lapsi, nagu satanistlikes sektides kiusataks naisi taga ning mured laulusõnade mõjude pärast.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] Mõned näited moraalsest paanikast on jõudnud jõuliselt päevapoliitikasse, näiteks MeToo liikumine, Red Scare ning mured rassismi ja terrorismi pärast.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

See erineb massipsühhoosist, kuna on pigem sotsioloogiline fenomen, mitte psühholoogiline haigus.^[15]

Vaata ka

Viited

↑ Crossman, Ashley. "Understanding How Moral Panic Threatens Freedom". ThoughtCo (inglise). Vaadatud 1. juunil 2021.
↑ Walsh, James P (november 2020). "Social media and moral panics: Assessing the effects of technological change on societal reaction". International Journal of Cultural Studies. 23 (6): 840–859. DOI:10.1177/1367877920912257. PMC 7201200.
↑ Jones, Marsha (1999). Mass media. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0333672068.
↑ Scott, John (2014). A Dictionary of Sociology (Fourth ed.). Oxford University Press. Lk 492. ISBN 978-0-19-968358-1.
↑ Pedneault, Amelie (veebruar 2019). Child Abuse and Neglect: Forensic Issues in Evidence, Impact and Management (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press. Lk 419–433. ISBN 978-0128153444.
↑ Critcher, Chas (2017). "Moral Panics". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. DOI:10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.155. ISBN 978-0-19-026407-9.
↑ Hesselink-Louw, Anne; Olivier, Karen (1. oktoober 2001). "A criminological analysis of crimes against disabled children: the adult male sexual offender". Child Abuse Research in South Africa. 2 (2): 15–20.
↑ Lancaster, Roger (2011). Sex Panic and the Punitive State. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. Lk 4, 33–34, 76–79. ISBN 978-0520262065.
↑ Extein, Andrew (25. oktoober 2013). "Fear the Bogeyman: Sex Offender Panic on Halloween". Huffington Post. Vaadatud 26. novembril 2014.
↑ Deflem, Mathieu. 2020. "Popular Culture and Social Control: The Moral Panic on Music Labeling". American Journal of Criminal Justice 45(1):2–24 (First published online July 24, 2019)
↑ Carmichael, Ellen (12. aprill 2022). "The Moral Panic at MIT". Minding The Campus.
↑ Rodwell, Grant (2017). Moral Panics and School Educational Policy. Routledge Research in Education Policy and Politics. London, England: Taylor & Francis. Lk 188. ISBN 978-1351627818. Vaadatud 29. märtsil 2019. As with the "reds under the beds" moral panics of the post-World War II decades, moral panics have often been manufactured for political purposes [...].
↑ McWhorter, John H. (2021). Woke Racism: How a New Religion Has Betrayed Black America. New York, NY: Portfolio/Penguin. ISBN 978-0-593-42307-3. OCLC 1260690368. [[[:Mall:GBurl]] Partial preview] at Google Books.
↑ Brysk, Alison; Meade, Everard; Shafir, Gershon (2013). "1: Introduction: Constructing national and global insecurity". Shafir, Gershon; Meade, Everard; Aceves, William J. (toim-d). Lessons and Legacies of the War On Terror: From moral panic to permanent war. Routledge Critical Terrorism Studies. London: Routledge. Lk 1. ISBN 978-1136188749. Vaadatud 29. märtsil 2019. The contributors examine the social, cultural, and political drivers of the war on terror through the framework of a 'political moral panic.'
↑ "Carol Morley: 'Mass hysteria is a powerful group activity'". The Guardian (inglise). 29. märts 2015. Vaadatud 2. juunil 2021.

Allikad

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Goode, Erich; Ben-Yehuda, Nachman (2009). Moral Panics: The Social Construction of Deviance. Wiley. ISBN 978-1-4051-8933-0.

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[Crossman-1] Crossman, Ashley. "Understanding How Moral Panic Threatens Freedom". ThoughtCo (inglise). Vaadatud 1. juunil 2021.

[Walsh_2020-2] Walsh, James P (november 2020). "Social media and moral panics: Assessing the effects of technological change on societal reaction". International Journal of Cultural Studies. 23 (6): 840–859. DOI:10.1177/1367877920912257. PMC 7201200.

[Jones-3] Jones, Marsha (1999). Mass media. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0333672068.

[Oxford_Uni-4] Scott, John (2014). A Dictionary of Sociology (Fourth ed.). Oxford University Press. Lk 492. ISBN 978-0-19-968358-1.

[Pedneault-5] Pedneault, Amelie (veebruar 2019). Child Abuse and Neglect: Forensic Issues in Evidence, Impact and Management (1st ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press. Lk 419–433. ISBN 978-0128153444.

[Critcher-2017-6] Critcher, Chas (2017). "Moral Panics". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. DOI:10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.155. ISBN 978-0-19-026407-9.

[7] Hesselink-Louw, Anne; Olivier, Karen (1. oktoober 2001). "A criminological analysis of crimes against disabled children: the adult male sexual offender". Child Abuse Research in South Africa. 2 (2): 15–20.

[8] Lancaster, Roger (2011). Sex Panic and the Punitive State. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. Lk 4, 33–34, 76–79. ISBN 978-0520262065.

[Extein-9] Extein, Andrew (25. oktoober 2013). "Fear the Bogeyman: Sex Offender Panic on Halloween". Huffington Post. Vaadatud 26. novembril 2014.

[10] Deflem, Mathieu. 2020. "Popular Culture and Social Control: The Moral Panic on Music Labeling". American Journal of Criminal Justice 45(1):2–24 (First published online July 24, 2019)

[11] Carmichael, Ellen (12. aprill 2022). "The Moral Panic at MIT". Minding The Campus.

[RodwellReds-12] Rodwell, Grant (2017). Moral Panics and School Educational Policy. Routledge Research in Education Policy and Politics. London, England: Taylor & Francis. Lk 188. ISBN 978-1351627818. Vaadatud 29. märtsil 2019. As with the "reds under the beds" moral panics of the post-World War II decades, moral panics have often been manufactured for political purposes [...].

[McWhorter_2021-13] McWhorter, John H. (2021). Woke Racism: How a New Religion Has Betrayed Black America. New York, NY: Portfolio/Penguin. ISBN 978-0-593-42307-3. OCLC 1260690368. [[[:Mall:GBurl]] Partial preview] at Google Books.

[MoralPanicToPermanentWar-14] Brysk, Alison; Meade, Everard; Shafir, Gershon (2013). "1: Introduction: Constructing national and global insecurity". Shafir, Gershon; Meade, Everard; Aceves, William J. (toim-d). Lessons and Legacies of the War On Terror: From moral panic to permanent war. Routledge Critical Terrorism Studies. London: Routledge. Lk 1. ISBN 978-1136188749. Vaadatud 29. märtsil 2019. The contributors examine the social, cultural, and political drivers of the war on terror through the framework of a 'political moral panic.'

[15] "Carol Morley: 'Mass hysteria is a powerful group activity'". The Guardian (inglise). 29. märts 2015. Vaadatud 2. juunil 2021.

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