ENGLISH

LESSON
Here starts the
lesson!
 ALPHABET (ABECEDARIO)
A (ei) B (bi) C (ci) D (di) E (ii) F (eff)
G (yi) H (eich) I (aii) J (yai) K (kay)
L (el) M (em) N (en) O (ou) P (pi) Q (cue)
R (ar) S (es) T (ti) U (iu) V (vi)
W (double-u) X (ex) Y (wai) Z (zee)
 VOCABULARIO DEL SALON DE
CLASES
 (Claswrum vocabiulawri)  Colour (color) (color).
 (Vocabulario del salón de clases)  Sheet (shi..t) (hoja de cuaderno).
 Teacher (ti...cher) (maestro, profesor).  Page (peich) (página).
 Student (student) (estudiante).  Wall (wol) (pared, muro).
 Boy (boi) (niño, muchacho).  Classroom (claswrum) (salón de clases).
 Girl (grl) (niña, muchacha).  Floor (flo...r) (piso).
 Chair (cher) (silla).  Window (windou) (ventana).
 Book (buk) (libro).  Picture (pictur) (cuadro, pintura, película).
 Table (teibl) (mesa).  Poster (poster) (poster, cartel).
 Notebook (notbuk) (libreta).  Sign (saign) (signo, señal, símbolo).
 Pen (pen) (lapicero).  Paper (peiper) (papel).
 Péncil (péncil) (lápiz).  T. V. Set (ti. Vi. Set) (aparato de t. V.).
 Eraser (iwreiser) (borrador).  Tape recorder (teip wricorder) (grabadora).
 Chalk (cholk) (gis, tiza).  C. D. Player (ci. di. Pleyer) (tocador de discos
 Blackboard (blackbord) (pizarrón). compactos).
 Chalkboard (cholkbord) (pizarrón para gis).  Ceiling fan (ciling fan) (ventilador de techo).
 Marker (marker) (marcador).  Explanation (explaneishion) (explicación).
 Péncil sharpener (pénsil sharpener) (sacapuntas).  Doubt (daubt) (duda).
 Rule (wrul) (regla).
 Air conditioner (eir condishioner) (aire  Flag (flag) (bandera).
acondicionado).  Clock (clock) (reloj "de pared").
 Péncil case (péncil keis) (lapicera).  Outlet (autlet) (tomacorriente, enchufe).
 Trash can (trash can) (bote de basura) =  Game (gueim) (juego).
trash bin (trash bin).  Loudspeaker (laudspiker) (altavoz, bocina).
 Card (card) (tarjeta).  Locker (loker) (armario).
 Letter (leder) (carta "de correo").  Telephone (telefon) (teléfono).
 In pencil (in péncil) (a lápiz).  Bulletin board (buletin bord) (tablero de edictos).
 In ink (in ink) (en o con tinta).  Computer (compiuter) (computadora).
 Exam (exam) (examen).  Hall (jol) (pasillo).
 Door (do..r) (puerta).  Loose leaf paper (lu..s li..f peiper) (hoja suelta de
 Box (box) (caja). papel).
 Exercise (exersais) (ejercicio).  Ring binder (ring bainder) (carpeta).
 Homework (jomwork) (tarea).  Spiral notebook (spaiwral notbuk) (cuaderno de
 Lock (lock) (cerradura). espiral).
 Key (ki) (llave).  Glue (glu) (pegamento).
 Switch (switch) (interruptor).  Scissors (sisors) (tijeras).
 Plug (plug) (clavija).  Brush (brush) (brocha).
 Rewinder (wriwainder) (regresadora).  Ballpoint pen (bolpoint pen) (bolígrafo).
 Welcome class (welcom clas) (bienvenido a  Thumbtack (dumbtack) (tachuela).
clases).  Text book (text buk) (libro de texto).
 Practice (practis) (práctica).  Overhead projector (overjed proyector)
 Study (studi) (estudio). (retroproyector).
 Los números 19) Nineteen (th) nineteenth
20) Twenty (th) twentieth
cardinales y ordinales 21) Twenty-one (st) twenty-first
22) twenty-two (nd) twenty-second
1) One (st) first 23) twenty-three (rd) twenty-third
2) Two (nd) second 24) twenty-four (th) twenty-fourth
3) Three (rd) third 25) twenty-five (th) twenty-fifth
4) Four (th) fourth 26) twenty-six (th) twenty-sixth
5) Five (th) fifth 27) twenty-seven (th) twenty-seventh)
6) Six (th) sixth 28) twenty-eight (th) twenty-eighth
7) Seven (th) seventh 29) twenty-nine (th) twenty-ninth
8) Eight (th) eighth 30) Thirty (th) thirtieth
9) Nine (th) ninth 40) Forty (th) fortieth
10) Ten (th) tenth 50) Fifty (th) fiftieth
11) Eleven (th) eleventh 60) Sixty (th) sixtieth
12) Twelve (th) twelfth 70) Seventy (th) seventieth
13) Thirteen (th) thirteenth 80) Eighty (th) eightieth
14) Fourteen (th) fourteenth 90) Ninety (th) ninetieth
15) Fifteen (th) fifteenth 100) One hundred (th) one-hundredth
16) Sixteen (th) sixteenth 1,000) One thousand (th) one-thousandth
17) Seventeen (th) seventeenth 1,000,000) One million (th) one-millionth
18) Eighteen (th) eighteenth
 Días de la semana y meses del año

Enero – January (Yenuari)

1. Lunes (Monday) Febrero – February (Februari)
2. Martes (Tuesday) Marzo – March (March)
3. Miércoles (Wednesday) Abril – April (Eipril)
Mayo – May (Mei)
4. Jueves (Thursday) Junio – June (Yun)
5. Viernes (Friday) Julio – July (Yulai)
6. Sábado (Saturday) Agosto – August (Ogost)
Septiembre – September (September)
7. Domingo (Sunday) Octubre – Octuber (October)
Noviembre – November (November)
Diciembre – December (Dicember)
 ¿Cómo escribir la fecha?
En Estados Unidos al escribir la fecha se debe escribir primero el mes, después el día y finalmente el año.
Digamos que queremos escribir primero de Julio del 2023, lo haríamos de la siguiente forma:

1. En números: 07/01/2023
2. Escrito: July 1st, 2023
3. Se dice: July first twenty – twenty three

¡Muy importante! Recuerda que los años en inglés se escriben de la siguiente forma:

– Si te refieres a un año antes del 2000 deberás dividirlo en dos partes, por ejemplo: 1987 se dice
nineteen eighty five, 1900 se dice nineteen hundred.

– Los años entre el 2000 y 2009 no se dividen. 2000 se dice simplemente two thousand, 2001 two
thousand and one y así sucesivamente.

– A partir del 2010 se dividen en 20 y 10. 2018 se dice twenty eighteen, 2011 twenty eleven y así
sucesivamente.
 PRONOMBRES PERSONALES
Los pronombres son palabras que se utilizan principalmente para reemplazar un sustantivo en la
oración. Sin embargo, existen diversos tipos de pronombres en inglés (pronouns in English),
cada uno de los cuales tiene un propósito definido en la oración. La definición más
sencilla establece que un pronombre en inglés es una palabra generalmente pequeña la
cual sustituye a los sustantivos (nouns) para que el texto sea menos repetitivo. Estas
sustituciones se deben entender al leer el texto.

1 singular (I) I love pop music

2 singular (you) You love pop music
He loves pop music, she loves pop music, the
3 singular (he, she, it)
marker is blue

1 plural (We) We love chocolate

2 plural (you) You love chocolate
3 plural (they) They love chocolate
PRESENTE SIMPLE PASADO SIMPLE
 PRESENTARSE

What is your name? (Jwat is iur neim?) (¿Cuál es tu

nombre?)
My name is . . . (mai neim is . . . ) (mi nombre es . . .)
Who are you? (ju ar iu?) (¿Quién eres tú?).
I am . . . (ai am . . .) (yo soy . . .).
Where are you from? (jwer ar iu from?) (¿de dónde
eres tú?).
I am from . . . (ai am from . . .) (yo soy de . . .).
Nice to meet you! (nais tu mit iu!) (¡gusto conocerte!).
My pleasure! (mai pleshur!) (¡mi placer!, ¡es un placer!).
Nice to see you! (nais tu si iu!) (¡gusto verte!).
Again (agen) (otra vez, de nuevo).
Now (nau) (ahora).
This is my friend. . .(dis is mai frend. . . ) (este es mi
amigo. . .).
Too (tu..) (también).
I´m glad to meet you! (aim glad tu mit iu!) (¡estoy
contento de conocerte!).
 GREETINGS FAREWELLS!
!
Greetings (gritings) (saludos): Leave takings (li..v teikings) (despedidas) =
Hello! (jelou!) (¡hola!). farewells (ferwels): See you later (si iu leider)
How are you? (jau ar iu?) (¿cómo estas tu?). (te veo mas tarde)
I´m fine (aim fain) (estoy bien) = i´m ok (aim See you around (si iu awraund) (te veo de
oukei). vuelta)
I´m very well (aim vewri wel) (estoy muy bien). See you soon (si iu su..n) (te veo pronto).
I am not (ai am not) (yo no estoy). So long (sou long) (hasta luego).
How do you do! (jau du iu du!) (¡como te va!). Until tomorrow (ontil tumowrou) (hasta
How you doing! (jau iu doing!) (¡como te va!). mañana).
How´ve you been! (jauv iu bi..n!) (¡como has I have to go now (ai jav tu gou nau) (yo tengo
estado!). que irme ahora).
I´ve been. . . (aiv bi..n. . . ) (yo he estado. . .). Good night (gud naigt) (buena noche).
Good morning (gud morning) (buen día). Good bye (gud bai) (adiós).
Good afternoon (gud avternun) (buena tarde).
Good evening (gud ivning) (buena noche).
What´s new! (jwats niu!) (¡que hay de nuevo!).
What´s up (jwats op) (¡Que pasa!)
What happens! (jwat japens!) (¡Que pasa!)
 Frases de cortesía Conversaciones
Es importante conocer las frases de cortesía y términos
que nos permiten expresarnos formalmente en cualquier Para expresar bienestar
contexto. Este tipo de expresiones se conocen en inglés Pretty good: Bastante bien
como polite expressions y agregan un tono de respeto Really good: Realmente bien
a la conversación que estemos sosteniendo. Great!: ¡Genial!
Very good: Muy bien
Good / Fine: Bien
Mister: Señor , Mr. Sanchez Well: Mejor
Madam (Abbr. Ma’am): Señora Ms. Gonzalez Mrs. Okay: Bien / aceptable
Aguilar
My name is: Mi nombre es Para expresar malestar
Excuse me: Disculpe Not bad: No tan mal
Nice to meet you: Gusto en conocerlo(a) Really bad: Realmente mal
Thank you: Gracias Terrible: Terriblemente
Welcome: Bienvenido(a)
Please, come in!: ¡Adelate, por favor! Otras respuestas
As usual: Como siempre
Fine, and you?: Bien, ¿y tú / usted?
Good, and you?: ¡Bien! ¿y tu / usted?
 01
PRACTICE
Let’s practice what you learned
Inglés básico 1, unidad 1, practica de "introduccions": INTRODUCING A FRIEND...
Completa el sig. Dialogo: Completa el siguiente dialogo, de
1) Hello!, I am_____________, what is your name?. acuerdo con las opciones dadas:
2) My name is ______________. 1 ) hello!, ______()_______.
1) Nice to meet you!. 2) hi!, Nice to see you again too,
2) It is my pleasure!. ______()_______.
1) This is my friend _____________. 1) I am fine, this is my friend
3) Nice to meet you!. ____(name)_____.
2) Nice to meet you, too!. 2) hi! Nice to meet you!
Otras: _____(name)_____.
These are my friends _____________ and 3) _______()________.
______________. 2) i am sorry my new friend, i
(des ar mai frends .......................... And ...) have to go now, ____()_____,
(estos son mis amigos ... Y ...) good night.
Opciones:
D) nice to see you again!.
E) how are you?, How do you do!.
F) nice to meet you too!, My
pleasure!.
G) good bye, see you later, so
long, until tomorrow.
 PRESENTE SIMPLE
¿Cuándo se utiliza?

1. Cuando quieres comunicar estados o acciones 1) Ejemplo: The earth is the third planet
permanentes. from the sun.
2.  Al manifestar estados o situaciones que son 2) Ejemplo: Every ten years is a
rutinarias o acciones que tienen periodicidad.
decade. 
3. Para hablar de hábitos, rutinas o hechos que se
3) Ejemplo: I drink coffee every
repiten en lapsos de tiempo determinado.
4. Cuando das indicaciones, instrucciones y morning.
señales. 4) Ejemplo: You go down this street to
5. Para transmitir citas, hechos o compromisos que the cinema, then you turn right .
pasarán en un tiempo determinado. 5) Ejemplo: Tomorrow is my birthday!
 REGLAS DEL PRESENTE SIMPLE
TERCERA PERSONA SINGULAR (+)
S
A las terceras personas, se les agrega una “s” al final del verbo (he, she, it, they)
She eats a red apple.
ES
Agregar terminación “es” a los verbos cuando los verbos terminen en (O, X, Z, S, SS, SH, CH)
He watches a movie. WATCH / WATCHES
IES
Cuando un verbo tenga terminación con “y” pero antes de esa una consonante se cambia la terminación
para “ies”
Estudy – estudies / try- tries
Have
El verbo se convierte en has
He has a black dog.
Verbos modales
No se aplican las reglas. (Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Must, Shall, Should , Ought to)
She can dance.
 I
Negativa interrogativa reglas

He Does It

You Do They

She

We
1. Miguel pesca en el rio

2. Mi hija juega con sus juguetes

3. El chef mezcla los ingredientes

4. Peter tiene clase de inglés hoy

 Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa
¿Cuál es la estructura del I drink too much I do not drink Do I drink too
presente simple? coffee. too much coffee much coffee?

You drink too You do not drink Do you drink too

much coffee too much coffee much coffee?
Afirmativa
Sujeto + verbo + complemento He drinks too He does not Does he drink
much coffee drink too much too much
coffee coffee?
Negativa She drinks too She does not Does she drink
Sujeto + auxiliar do/does not + much coffee drink too much too much
coffee coffee?
verbo + complemento
It drinks too It does not drink Does it drink too
much coffee too much coffee much coffee?
Interrogativa
We drink too We do not drink Do we drink too
much coffee too much coffee much coffee?
Auxiliar do/does + sujeto + verbo
+ complemento They drink too They do not Do they drink
much coffee drink too much too much
coffee coffee?
 Presente continuo
¿Cuándo se utiliza? Ejemplos:

1. Explicar claramente acciones que suceden en el 1. He is learning English  =  Él está aprendiendo

mismo momento en el que se describen. inglés.
2. Proveer contexto al expresar situaciones de la 2. She is crying a lot lately  =  Ella ha llorado mucho
actualidad. Normalmente estas oraciones se últimamente.
acompañan de adverbios como recently, 3. We are going to the cinema next Friday  = 
currently o lately, entre otros. Iremos al cine el próximo viernes.
3. Expresan con certeza eventos o acciones del 4. Right now he’s talking, but yesterday he was
futuro. unconscious  =  Ahora está hablando pero ayer
4. Describir acciones o hechos momentáneos. estaba inconsciente.
5. Indicar situaciones que suceden con frecuencia. 5. He is always running at 6 am  = Él siempre está
En estas oraciones es necesario adicionar corriendo a las 6 am.
adverbios como forever, always, constantly,
entre otros, para reforzar su contexto.
 REGLAS, TERMINACIONES
(ANDO,ENDO)
1. Agregar “ing” solamente a los verbos. DRINKED / DRINK
Buy-buying / go-going / read-reading

2. Cuando el verbo termina en “e”, esta se elimina y se agrega el “ing”

Practice-practicing / believe-believing

3. Verbos monosilábicos (solo tienen una silaba) y tenga terminación en consonante vocal
consonante, duplicar ultima consonante y se agrega “ing”.
Jog- jogging / chop-chopping

4. Excepciones, no se duplicara ninguna consonante si termina en: w, x, y, z

Drawing / playing
 Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa
¿Cuál es la estructura del
presente continuo?  I
am singing in
I am
not singing in
Am I
singing in the
the rain the rain rain?
 You You are Are
Afirmativo are singing in not singing in you singing in
the rain the rain  the rain? 
Sujeto + verbo to be + verbo en gerundio
+ complemento  He  He is Is
is singing in not singing in he singing in
Negativo the rain the rain the rain? 
Sujeto  +  verbo to be  +  not  +  verbo en  It  It is  Is
gerundio  +  complemento is singing in not singing in it singing in
the rain the rain the rain?
Interrogativo We We are Are
Verbo to be  +  sujeto  +  verbo en gerundio  are singing in not singing in we singing in
+  complemento  +  ? the rain the rain the rain? 

They They are  Are

are singing in not singing in they singing i
the rain the rain n the rain?
 PASADO SIMPLE
¿Cuándo se usa? Afirmativo Negativo
El pasado simple en inglés es Sujeto + verbo + complemento Sujeto + did not (didn’t) + verbo +
un tiempo verbal que se utiliza complemento
para hablar de acciones que
tuvieron lugar en el pasado y Ejemplos:
que ya finalizaron  I finished packing my bags. (Terminé de empacar mis
maletas).
 Diego and I celebrated our first anniversary. (Diego y yo
celebramos nuestro primer aniversario).
 The birds didn’t sing this morning because of the rain. (Los
Interrogativo pájaros no cantaron esta mañana debido a la lluvia)
Did/Didn’t + sujeto +  The university did not open any courses this summer. (La
verbo + complemento + universidad no abrió ningún curso este verano)
 Did Sarah arrive at school on time? (¿Llegó Sarah a tiempo
?
a la escuela?)
 Didn’t they play in a band as teenagers? (¿No tocaban ellos
en una banda de adolescentes?)
 FUTURE SIMPLE
Going to
¿Cuándo se usa?  Planes que es 100% seguro que van a
El futuro simple en inglés, como su nombre lo ocurrir.
indica, es uno de los tiempos verbales que se  Predicciones de las que se tiene
utiliza para expresar acciones que sucederán en seguridad.
el futuro. No es necesario aclarar el momento
exacto en el que se producirán.
Shall
Will  Sirve para dar sugerencias.
 Eventos futuros probables.
 Decisiones o ideas espontáneas.
 Voluntad para hacer una actividad.
NOTA: En general, el uso
 Dar órdenes.
actual de shall es poco
 Proponer o invitar algo.
frecuente y cuando es usado
se trata de oraciones
interrogativas.
 WILL

Ejemplos:

 It will snow this weekend / Va a

nevar este fin de semana.
 I will pick you up tomorrow / Yo
te voy a recoger mañana.
 They will repair my TV
tomorrow / Ellos van a reparar
mi televisión mañana.
 You will not go to the party! /
¡No vas a ir a la fiesta!
 Will you marry me? / ¿Te
casarías conmigo? 
 GOING TO
Ejemplos:
I am going to present my final exams
tomorrow (Mañana voy a presentar mis exámenes
finales).
I am going to see you this holiday season (Voy a verte
estas vacaciones)
They are going to eat out tonight (Ellos van a comer
afuera esta noche).
Your concert is going to be the best of the year! (Tu
concierto va a ser el mejor del año).
I am not going to study law in that university (No voy a
estudiar Derecho en esa universidad).
We are not going to spend all day together (Nosotros
no vamos a pasar todo el día juntos).
 SHALL
Shall es otro de los verbos auxiliares del
futuro simple en inglés. A diferencia
de will y going to que se usan con todos
los pronombres, shall solo se usa con los
pronombres de la primera persona: I y we. 
Una de las semejanzas que guarda con
will es en las contracciones, ya que
también es ‘ll, es decir: I shall never forget
this present = I’ll never forget this present. 
Exercises: 1- Have you got any plans for tomorrow?
- Yes, I (will / am going to) visit my grandparents.
will be / will buy / will drink / will go / will 2- Why is she learning Spanish?
love / will pass / will rain / will send / will - She (is going to / will) travel to Spain.
wear / will win 3- We are thirsty.
- Wait here. I (will / am going to) get some water.
4- Meat or fish?
- I ('ll / ´m going to) have some fish, please.
1. I _______ you forever. 5- What do you want the keys for?
2. You ______ a tie. - I ('m going / ‘II) to close the door.
3. He ______ Green tea. 6- If you don't take a taxi,
4. She _____ the test. you (aren’t going to / won't) arrive on time.
5. It _____ tonight 7- Why do you want so many oranges?
- I (am going to / will) make an orange juice.
6. We ______ an email.
8- Oh! I haven't got enough money to pay!
7. You ____ the food.
- Don't worry. I ('ll / ‘m going to) lend you some.
8. They ______ the match. 9- We need one more player.
9. This girl ______ a pilot. - (Will / Are you going to) you play with us tomorrow?
10. My parents ______ to Africa. 10- Why are you switching on the TV?
- I ('m going to / ‘II) watch a football match
 Sending emails ● I hope you are well/all is well: It shows you care
about that person. It’s respectful and a safe phrase
to initiate a friendly approach.
Dear [name]: It’s more appropriate for ● I hope you had a great weekend/week/day: It
formal emails. Use it when you address a depends on which time or day of the week you are
person in a position of respect. reaching out. This phrase is one of the most
Hi [name]: It’s simple, friendly, and direct, common in business emails.
but also informal. Use it carefully. ● I hope you enjoyed your vacation: It works when
Greetings: Use it when you don’t know you have the information that the person was in their
the name of the recipient. vacation period and when you want to continue a
Hi (everyone/ guys): This one is when conversation that had to stop because of that.
you are emailing a group of people ● I hope you feel better soon: When you know the
informally. person is recovering from a surgery or illness and
therefore wasn’t available at work. Please pay
attention to its variations, so you don’t sound like you
Email content starting with good are rushing them to do something. It may repel them
wishes are always a great way of instead of looking like a pleasant wish.
being social and friendly. ● I hope you enjoyed the (name of the
event): When you are reaching out after a corporate
event that you have organized, using this phrase
makes a great first impression, mainly if you will ask
for something on the email.
 When you are emailing first, you need to introduce Showing gratitude is an excellent way of keeping your
yourself and talk about the email’s purpose. recipient’s attention and overcoming problems that come
Sometimes you need to remind that person of who to you on customer service. Big numbers catch your
you are if you have been in contact before. audience’s attention

It’s [your name] from [your company]: Start by introducing Thanks for letting me know: This shows you acknowledge
yourself with your name and the company you work for. If what the person has informed you and shows
you want to omit the company’s name at the beginning, appreciation for that.
that’s fine, but be sure that this information will be placed Thank you for your understanding/patience: This kind of
somewhere in the email body. message compliments the customer while you still
I am writing to you about… Here you can insert anything acknowledge the problem they are having, without
related to a previous conversation or meeting you had with apologizing for mistakes unnecessarily.
the recipient. Also, you can use this introduction to talk about Thank you for your email about…: This helps to remind the
future events. person about the matter you are talking about and
I am writing to ask/enquire/let you know/confirm/invite opens up a more friendly conversation, depending on
you to/to update you on/ask for…”: Use this when you the content of previous emails.
want to ask for information, a positioning, make an invitation Thanks for sending/asking about/attending: It shows
without further ado. It’s a way to be direct and keep the people that you acknowledge their actions and
email short. appreciate them.
Might I take a moment of your time to…: If you want Thank you for reaching out (to me): This is a more informal
and/or need to be very formal, this is the best choice. way to appreciate someone’s contact.
I am reaching out because…: It’s an informal way to Thanks for your feedback on/your suggestion: It
introduce the reason for your contact. welcomes feedback and suggestions, making the
person feel secure to continue giving them to you.
 Sending files or extra data
our
You can use this kind of • I’m sending you [file’s name] as a pdf file.
“Please accept • I’ve attached [file’s name] for your review.
apolo gi es fo r an y email phrases to provide
en ie nc e ca used.” information or address • Could you please sign the attached document
inconv
reminders to your and send it back by [date]?
recipients. • Please see the information below for more details
about…
Please note…: If you want to call the recipient’s • Here’s the document you asked for/we discussed
attention to a specific matter, use this. • More information is available at [website]
Quick reminder…: This an informal way to introduce
something that you want to highlight, such as near Please feel welcomed
expiration dates or incoming meetings.
I wanted to update you: Use this phrase to tell your  Could you please…?
customers about troubleshooting that hasn’t been solved  I’d appreciate it if you could…
yet. Instead of openly addressing it as “an issue that  It would be very helpful if you could send us/me
hasn’t been fixed,” use “update” as a form of saying that
 Please keep me informed/posted/updated
you’re working to solve it.
I’d like to inform you that…:  A formal way to introduce
 If possible, I’d like to know (more) about…
a special announcement or give back a critical answer.
Just a quick heads up: An informal email phrase is
often used to notify somebody of something, like a
warning or a piece of helpful advice.
I hope you find this helpful: When you give them any
information, advice, or even a solution for an issue they
were having.
If you want to offer to do something
for someone in the email, then Unfortunately, we cannot/we are unable to …: This
demonstrate that you are happy to is the formal and polite way of giving negative
do it. responses.
I’m afraid it will not be possible to…: Use this
 I’d be happy to… informal phrase on a negative response, followed by a
 If we can be of any further assistance, please let us know brief explanation of why it wasn’t possible to
 Let me know if you need any help accomplish the person’s request.
 please do not hesitate to contact me We regret to inform you that…: It’s a polite and
 please feel free to contact me/to get in touch formal way to give bad news. Right after saying this,
explain the reasons why it won’t happen.
After careful consideration, we have decided (not)
to…: It shows that you have considered what the
person has sent you previously. It’s also a way to
Giving bad news by email is soften the gloomy reply.
never easy, but there are ways It’s against company policy to…: It’s a way of
to do it properly. explaining why you can’t do something the person has
requested when it goes against the company policy.
Despite my best efforts…:  You show the person you
made efforts to solve something or give them a
positive response
 Closing an email
● Best regards: It’s a friendly way of saying
● Please let me know if this works/if you goodbye and one of the most common in the
are available/if that sounds good/if you business context. It may be best for people
can/if you can help/if you need to you have had conversations with before.
reschedule…: It’s a phrase to finish the ● All the best: It’s colloquial but a friendly and
email showing that you need a response social way to say goodbye.
about what you have sent to the recipient. ● Sincerely: It’s a formal business close, and
● I look forward to seeing/meeting one you are certainly not offending anyone
you: Use it when you are scheduling a by using.
personal appointment. ● Cheers: You can use this sign-off with your
● Any feedback you can give me on this friends and close business colleagues.
would be highly/much appreciated: For Depending on the voice tone you have for
when you need to finish the email asking your brand, it also can be useful.
for thoughts/feedback from the person. ● Have a great week/weekend/day/night!: It
● I would appreciate your help in this depends on which time you are sending the
matter: Usually, you finish an email with email. Be aware of time zones if you are
this phrase when you have described exchanging emails with people from another
some situation or issue and need to ask country.
for help with it ● Stay safe: You can use it during conflicts or
difficult times, such as the COVID-19
pandemic.