ÁlgebraLin Cap2
ÁlgebraLin Cap2
ÁlgebraLin Cap2
(2.1) a1 x1 + a2 x2 + … + an xn = b
x1 + 2 x2 − 5 x3 − x4 = 0 x − y + z = (sen4) w
Ecuaciones no lineales
xy − 3 = 2 x x 2 − y = 1 sen( x) + y = 0
1 2 0 −3 1 2 0 −3
2 3 2 −10 2 3 −2 −10
−
−1 0 6 9 −1 0 6 9
1 1 0 0 2 1 7 0 9 0
0 0
D = 0 0 1 0 3; E = ; F = 0 0 1 −8 0
0 0 0 1 4 1 0
0 0 0 0 1
1 0 −1 0 1 0 0 0
G = 0 1 0 0; H = 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 −2
A~B
0 3 1 2 1 2 1 2
R R1+R3→R3 -R2+R3→R3
1 2 ↔R 0 3 0 3 0 3
1 2 0 0
−1 1 −1 1 0 3
Teorema 1
Toda matriz es equivalente a una, y solo
una matriz en forma reducida escalonada.
x + 2y - z = 4 1 2 −1 4
2x + 5y + 2z = 9
2 5 2 9
x + 4y + 7z = 6 1 4 7 6
1 2 −1 4 1 2 −1 4 1 2 −1 4
−2 R1 + R2 → R2
2 5 2 9 0 1 4 1 − 2 R1 + R3 → R3 0 1 4 1
1 4 7 6 − R1 + R3 → R3 0 2 8 2 0 0 0 0
x + 2y - z = 4
y+ 4 z = 1
Si z = r, entonces
y =1-4r x = 9r + 2
x = 4 - 2y + z y = - 4 r + 1 r ∈R
= 2 + 9r z=r
Línea
solución
y - 2z = -5 0 1 −2 −5
2x - y + z = -2
2 −1 1 −2
4x - y = -4 4 −1 0 −4
0 1 −2 5 2 −1 1 −2
2 − 1 1 −2 R
1 ↔ R2 0 1 −2 − 5 − 2 R1 + R3 → R3
4 −1 0 −4 4 −1 0 −4
z (3)
= −2.9520 z (4) = −2.9984 z (5) = −2.9978 z (6) = −2.9992
x - 4y + 2z = 2 1 −4 2 6 −1 2 6 −1 2
2y + 4z = 1
0 2 4 R
1 ↔ R3 0 2 4 R
2 ↔ R3 1 −4 2
6x - y + 2z = 3 6 −1 2 1 −4 2 0 2 4