Final Itil 4
Final Itil 4
Final Itil 4
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• Introducción a ITIL.
• Conceptos clave de ITIL
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Organizaciones involucradas en el mantenimiento de ITIL
Organización Rol
El It Service Management Forum (itSMF) es una organización global sin fines
itSMF de lucro que apoya la gestión de servicios de TI, especialmente a través de
publicaciones en la serie de bibliotecas de ITSM.
AXELOS es la organización responsable de desarrollar y gestionar una cartera
de metodologías de mejores prácticas, incluyendo ITIL. AXELOS es responsable
de definir los exámenes, esquemas de cualificación y sistemas de certificación
AXELOS
ITIL; publicar los libros básicos de ITIL, una publicación de referencia de la
Fundación ITIL 4 y un plan de syllabus asociado; y la acreditación de los
Institutos de Examen.
El Instituto oficial de Examen (EI); y a partir del 1 de enero de 2018, la única
PEOPLECERT organización acreditada por AXELOS para la realización de los exámenes ITIL.
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ITIL® Master
ITIL® Foundation
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Copyright © AXELOS Limited 2019. Used under permission of AXELOS Limited. All rights reserved. (Figure 4.1 ITIL® Foundation, ITIL 4 Edition, p. 37).
Mejora continua La práctica de alinear las prácticas y servicios de una organización con las
necesidades cambiantes del negocio a través de la identificación y mejora
continua de todos los elementos involucrados en la gestión efectiva de
productos y servicios.
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Diagrama de las cuatro dimensiones de la gestión de servicios
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Gestión De Servicios
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Co-Creación de Valor
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Organizaciones
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Proveedores de servicio
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Consumidores de servicio
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Tipos de consumidores de servicios
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Partes interesadas y alineación de valores
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• Las ofertas de servicios describen cómo uno o más productos o servicios satisfarán
las necesidades de un público objetivo.
• Bienes
• Acceso a los recursos
• Acciones de servicio
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Componentes de oferta de servicios
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La prestación de servicios
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Consumo de servicio
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Gestión de la relación de servicio
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El modelo de relación de servicio
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Value
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Salida Resultado
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Utilidad y Garantía
Value is defined
by the users
Value
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El marco ITIL®
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• Para ofrecer un servicio exitoso, se debe prestar atención a las cuatro dimensiones.
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• Esta dimensión abarca las relaciones de una organización con otras organizaciones:
• El diseño, desarrollo, despliegue, entrega, apoyo y/o mejora continua de los servicios.
• Contratos y otros acuerdos entre la organización y sus socios o proveedores.
• Las organizaciones toman decisiones estratégicas sobre la amplia o estrecha relación
con que utilizan a los socios y proveedores.
Partners Suppliers
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• Enfoque estratégico.
• Cultura corporativa.
• Escasez de recursos.
• Preocupaciones de costos.
• Experiencia en el tema.
• Restricciones externas.
• Patrones de demanda.
• Proliferación de infraestructura y plataformas "como servicio".
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Procesos
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Factores externos
Political
Economic
Social
Technological
Legal
Environmental
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DV3
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Slide 14
DV3 Día4
Diego Valladares; 18/2/2021
Los siete principios rectores
Principio Descripción
Todo lo que hace la organización debe asignar, directa o indirectamente,
Centrarse en el valor
para valorar a las partes interesadas.
No empieces desde cero y construye algo nuevo sin tener en cuenta lo
Comience dónde está
que ya está disponible para ser aprovechado.
Progreso Iterativamente con
No intente hacer todo a la vez.
feedback
Trabajar juntos a través de las fronteras produce resultados que tienen
Colaborar y promover la
una mayor aceptación, más relevancia para los objetivos y una mayor
visibilidad
probabilidad de éxito a largo plazo.
Piensa y trabaja Ningún servicio, o elemento utilizado para proporcionar un servicio, está
holísticamente solo.
Si un proceso, servicio, acción o métrica no proporciona ningún valor o no
Mantenerlo simple y práctico
produce ningún resultado útil, elimínelo.
Optimizar y automatizar La intervención humana sólo debe ocurrir cuando realmente aporta valor.
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• La cadena de valor del servicio y las prácticas funcionan en línea con la dirección
dada por el órgano de gobierno.
• El órgano rector de la organización, ya sea directamente o por delegación de
autoridad, mantiene la supervisión del SVS.
• Tanto el órgano rector como la dirección a todos los niveles mantienen la alineación a
través de un conjunto claro de principios y objetivos compartidos.
• La gobernanza y la gestión a todos los niveles se mejoran continuamente para
satisfacer las expectativas de las partes interesadas.
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Actividad Descripción
Actividades de planificación relevantes a todos los niveles: estratégicas,
Planear
arquitectónicas, programa/proyecto, etc.
Mejorar Ejecución de actividades de mejora y provisión de Información de mejora.
Interacciones con terceros, incluyendo usuarios, clientes, proveedores, y
Involucrar
demás partes interesadas.
Crear diseño de soluciones o modificarlas; gestión e implementación de
Diseño y Transición
cambios.
Adquisición o construcción de componentes, ya sean adquiridas por un
Obtener / construir
tercero o desarrolladas a lo interno.
Hospedaje o entrega de soluciones; apoyo a los usuarios con sus
Entregar y apoyar
necesidades relativas a servicios.
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Prácticas de gestión general
• Gestión de arquitectura
• Gestión del Conocimiento
• Medición e informes
• Gestión del cambio organizacional
• Gestión de la cartera (portafolios)
• Gestión de proyectos
• Gestión de Riesgos
• Gestión Financiera del Servicio
• Gestión de la Estrategia
• Fuerza de trabajo y gestión del talento
• Mejora continua*
• Gestión de seguridad de la información *
• Gestión de relaciones*
• Gestión de Proveedores*
• Gestión de despliegue *
• Gestión de Infraestructuras y Plataformas.
• Desarrollo y Gestión de Software.
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• Concéntrese en el valor.
• Empieza donde estás.
• Progrese iterativamente con Retroalimentación.
• Colaborar y promover la visibilidad.
• Piense y trabaje holísticamente.
• Mantenlo simple y práctico.
• Optimizar y automatizar.
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Aplicar el principio
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Time-Boxing
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Colaborar y promover la visibilidad
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Aplicar el principio
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Aplicar el principio
• Garantizar valor.
• La simplicidad es la sofisticación definitiva.
• Haz menos cosas, pero hazlas mejor.
• Respetar el tiempo de las personas involucradas.
• Más fácil de entender, más propenso a adoptar.
• La simplicidad es la mejor ruta para lograr victorias rápidas.
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Paso Descripción
Crear y acordar la visión general y alinearse con los objetivos de la
Visión de optimización organización.
Evalúe el estado actual del servicio para determinar los pasos.
Estado actual
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• Gobernanza.
• La cadena de valor del servicio.
• Mejora continua.
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• Comienza en la parte superior, pero puede tener partes delegadas (por ejemplo,
gobernanza de TI).
• Fundamental para el SVS, y sujeto a la mejora continua.
• Utiliza los principios rectores de ITIL o los adapta según sea necesario para satisfacer
las necesidades de la organización.
• Necesita tener visibilidad de las actividades de mejora y la entrega de valor
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• la cadena de valor del servicio y las prácticas deben trabajar en línea con la dirección
dada por el órgano de gobierno.
• El órgano rector de la organización, ya sea directamente o por delegación de
autoridad, mantiene la supervisión del SVS.
• El órgano rector y la gestión a todos los niveles mantienen la alineación a través de
un conjunto claro de principios y objetivos compartidos.
• La gobernanza y la gestión a todos los niveles se mejoran continuamente para
satisfacer las expectativas de las partes interesadas.
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• Las secuencias de valores describen las actividades que una organización toma en la
creación de valor:
• Convertir entradas en salidas.
• Las actividades pueden desencadenar otras actividades.
• Las actividades de la cadena de valor utilizan diferentes combinaciones de prácticas
de ITIL:
• Recursos internos o de terceros.
• Procesos.
• Las habilidades y competencias.
• Actividades:
• Plan
• Mejorar
• Involucrar
• Diseño y Transición
• Obtener / construir
• Entregar y apoyar
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Entradas y salidas
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La actividad del plan
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• El propósito es proporcionar:
• Una buena comprensión de las necesidades de las partes interesadas.
• Un medio para facilitar la transparencia.
• Compromiso continuo y buenas relaciones con todas las partes interesadas.
• Interactúe con diferentes partes interesadas utilizando diferentes prácticas. Por
ejemplo,:
• Colaboración diaria operativa con los usuarios en la práctica de Service Desk.
• Compromiso táctico con los clientes a través de la práctica de gestión de nivel de servicio.
• Compromiso estratégico a través de la gestión de relaciones.
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Copyright © AXELOS Limited 2019. Used under permission of AXELOS Limited. All rights reserved. (Figure 4.3 ITIL® Foundation, ITIL 4 Edition, p. 66).
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• Planifica la mejora.
• Puede ser simple o complejo
• Hacer en iteraciones con retroalimentación
• Compruebe el progreso y vuelva a evaluar según sea necesario
• Experimente con diferentes alternativas, cuando sea apropiado y necesario.
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• Ejecute la mejora.
• Utilice una cascada o un enfoque ágil.
• Permanezca abierto a la retroalimentación y la corrección del curso según sea necesario.
• Mantener un enfoque continuo en:
• Medición del progreso hacia la visión.
• Gestionar riesgos.
• Garantizar la visibilidad y la conciencia general.
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Where are we
now? X X X X X X X
Where do we
want to be? X X X X X X X
How do we get
there? X X X X X X X
Take action
X X X X X X X
Did we get
X X X X X X X
there?
How do we keep
the momentum X X X X X X X
going?
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• Mejora continua.
• Gestión de nivel de servicio.
• Control del Cambio.
• Gestión de incidentes.
• Gestión de solicitudes de servicio.
• Servicio de atención al cliente.
• Gestión de problemas.
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Propósito de la mejora continua
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Helpful Harmful
To achieve objective To achieve objective
S W
Strengths Weaknesses
External origin
O T
Opportunities Threats
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Mapa de calor de mejora continua y cadena de valor
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Requisitos del acuerdo de nivel de servicio
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Métricas
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Mapa de calor y cadena de valor de gestión de nivel de
servicio
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Tipos de Cambios
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Horario de Cambio (Change Schedule)
• Usado para:
• Planear de cambios
• Ayudar en la comunicación
• Evitar conflictos
• Asignar recursos
• Proporciona información sobre los cambios necesarios para :
• Administracion de incidentes
• Manejo de problemas
• Mejora continua
• Apoya la evaluación de riesgos para recopilar información de muchos interesados.
• Aumenta la conciencia y facilita la preparación.
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• Los incidentes reflejan una experiencia del usuario: "No puedo _____"
• Las interrupciones impactan los flujos de trabajo del negocio; objetivo es minimizar el impacto
• Asigne recursos en función del impacto del incidente:
• Los incidentes mayores requieren procedimientos especializados y separados para el manejo
• Los incidentes de seguridad de la información también pueden requerir procedimientos separados
• Use la herramienta adecuada para rastrear/dar seguimiento a la información del incidente
• Proporcionar enlaces a datos de configuración, problemas, cambios, errores conocidos y conocimiento.
• Podría proporcionar coincidencia automática de incidentes
• Las actividades de gestión de incidentes deben estar establecidas en tiempo y rastrearse (registrarse)
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Diagnóstico y resolución de incidentes
Los incidentes pueden ser diagnosticados y resueltos por personas de diferentes grupos.
En todos los casos, la colaboración dentro y entre los equipos es esencial.
• Autoayuda del usuario: algunos usuarios se ayudarán a sí mismos
• Mesa de servicio ‐ como el curso normal de operaciones
• Equipo de soporte: incidentes complejos enrutados según la categoría del incidente
• Proveedores o socios: que respaldan los productos y servicios que suministran
• Equipo temporal: para los incidentes más complejos y todos los incidentes mayores.
El equipo puede incluir representantes de muchas partes interesadas.
• Planes de recuperación ante desastres ‐ para casos extremos
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• Los acuerdos de soporte de proveedores deben alinearse con los compromisos del
proveedor de servicios.
• La gestión de incidentes puede requerir una interacción frecuente con estos
proveedores.
• Los proveedores también pueden actuar como una mesa de servicio, registrando y
gestionando todos los incidentes y escalando a expertos relevantes en el tema u
otras partes según sea necesario.
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DV1 lunes
Diego Valladares; 31/8/2020
Solicitudes de servicio
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Pautas para manejar solicitudes de servicio
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Canales de acceso
Canal Descripción
Llamadas telefónicas • Tecnología especializada, como IVR, llamadas de conferencia,
reconocimiento de voz, etc.
Portales de servicio y aplicaciones • Respaldado por catálogos de servicio y solicitud y bases de
móviles. conocimiento
Chat • Chats en vivo
• Chatbots
Email • Registro y actualización de contactos con usuarios.
• Encuestas de seguimiento y confirmaciones
Walk‐in service desks • Con personal de servicio
• Brindar apoyo personal
Mensajes de texto y redes sociales • Proporciona una forma de contactar a los interesados
• Se puede usar para notificar a los usuarios en caso de incidentes
mayores
• Proporciona una forma para que los usuarios soliciten asistencia
Foros de discusión públicos y • Permite a los usuarios contactar al proveedor de servicios
corporativos. • Proporciona soporte entre pares
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Distinguir incidentes de problemas
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• Actividades Principales:
• Analizar el Problema
• Documentar soluciones y errores conocidos
• Priorice los problemas en función del riesgo para que pueda abordar los problemas
de mayor prioridad.
• Analizar los problemas de mayor prioridad.
• No es esencial para analizar cada problema.
• Los incidentes suelen tener muchas causas interrelacionadas, y las relaciones entre
ellos pueden ser complejas.
• El control del problema debe considerar todas las causas contribuyentes:
• Duración e impacto de los incidentes.
• Analice los problemas desde la perspectiva de las cuatro dimensiones de la gestión del
servicio.
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Control de Errores
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Single‐source/
Insourcing Outsourcing Multi‐sourcing
partnership
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Gestión de la configuración del servicio
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Monitoreo y gestión de eventos
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Actividades clave de la gestión de eventos
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Administración de lanzamientos en entornos
tradicionales/cascadas
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