Segunda Practica - Resis 2

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UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE SANTA MARÍA

FACULTAD DE ARQUITECTURA E
INGENIERÍAS CIVIL Y DEL AMBIENTE
ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL

ASIGNATURA:

RESISTENCIA DE MATERIALES II –PRÁCTICA


TEMA:
SEGUNDA PRACTICA GRUPAL 2 FASE
DOCENTE:
ING. MILAGROS SOCORRO GUILLEN MALAGA
GRUPO: 02 SUBGRUPO: 05
ESTUDIANTES:
CARDENAS MENDOZA, ALISON 2023950322 (25%)
COYLA PAYE, FERNANDO EDU 2020242341 (25%)
PUMA ROLIN, MARCO RODRIGO 2021203861 (25%)
ORDÓÑEZ SOTOMAYOR, PAUL 2020245461 (25%)

AREQUIPA –
PERU2023
a)

Figura 𝐴𝑖 𝑌𝑖 𝐴𝑖 ∗ 𝑌𝑖 𝑖𝑧 d 𝐴 ∗ 𝑑2
1 5 7.75 38.75 0.1 2.90 42.05
2 3.5 4 14 14.29 0.85 2.53
3 2.5 0.25 0.63 0.05 4.60 52.95
∑ 11 53.38 14.44 97.53

53.38
𝑌𝑐 =
11
𝑌𝑐 = 4.85 𝑖𝑛

𝑖𝑧 = 14.44 + 97.53

𝑖𝑧 = 111.97 𝑖𝑛4

111.97 𝑖𝑛4
𝑆=
4.85 𝑖𝑛
𝑆 = 23.09 𝑖𝑛3
𝑍 = (10)(0.5)(1.25) + (0.5)(1)(0.5) + (0.5)(6)(3)
+ (5)(0.5)(6.25)

𝑍 = 31.13 𝑖𝑛3

31.13 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ= ℱ = 1.3
23.09 𝑖𝑛3
b)

Figura 𝐴𝑖 𝑌𝑖 𝐴𝑖 ∗ 𝑌𝑖 𝑖𝑧 d 𝐴 ∗ 𝑑2
1 16 27 432 5.33 -15 3600
2 12 14 168 576 -2 48
3 24 1 24 8 11 2904
∑ 52 624 589.33 6552

624
𝑌𝑐 =
52
𝑌𝑐 = 12 𝑝𝑙𝑔
𝑖𝑧 = 589.33 + 6552

𝑖𝑧 = 7141.33 𝑝𝑙𝑔4

7141.33 𝑝𝑙𝑔4
𝑆=
16 𝑝𝑙𝑔

𝑆 = 446.33 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
𝑍 = (8)(2)(21) + (0.5)(20)(10) + (0.5)(4)(2)
+ (12)(2)(5)

𝑍 = 560 𝑝𝑙𝑔3

560 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
ℱ=
446.33 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
ℱ = 1.25
c)

Ai Yi AiYi Iz di Ai(d2)
1 3 17.75 53.25 0.063 8.75 229.69
2 3 0.25 0.75 0.063 8.75 229.69
3 8.5 9 76.50 204.71 0 0.00
4 0.75 16.75 12.56 0.141 7.75 45.05
5 0.75 16.75 12.56 0.141 7.75 45.05
6 0.75 1.25 0.94 0.141 7.75 45.05
7 0.75 1.25 0.94 0.141 7.75 45.05
SUMA 17.5 157.50 205.4 639.56

157.50
𝑌𝑖 = = 9 𝑝𝑙𝑔
17.5
𝐼𝑧 = 639.56 + 205.4 = 844.96 𝑝𝑙𝑔4
Una vez obtenida Yi y Iz, podemos calcular “S”:

844.96 𝑝𝑙𝑔4
𝑆=
9 𝑝𝑙𝑔

𝑆 = 93.88 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
Para hallar “Z” es decir el módulo plástico, dividimos el área en 2
𝑧 = (0.5 ∗ 6 ∗ 8.75 + 0.5 ∗ 1.5 ∗ 7.75 ∗ 2 + 0.5 ∗ 17 ∗ 0 + 1.5 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 7.75 ∗ 2 + 0.5 ∗ 6 ∗ 8.75)

𝑧 = 75.75 𝑝𝑙𝑔3

d)

SOLUCIÓN:

Divimos la figura para poder hallar Iz y Yc:

Ai Yi AiYi Iz di Ai(d2)
1 6 6.25 37.50 0.125 1.625 15.84
2 3 3 9.00 9 3 27.00
3 3 3 9.00 9 3 27.00
12 55.50 18.125 69.84
55.50
𝑌𝑖 = = 4.625 𝑝𝑙𝑔
12
𝐼𝑧 = 69.84 + 18.125 = 87.97 𝑝𝑙𝑔4

Una vez obtenida Yi y Iz, podemos calcular “S”:

87.97 𝑝𝑙𝑔4
𝑆=
4.625 𝑝𝑙𝑔

𝑆 = 19.02 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
Para hallar “Z” es decir el módulo plástico, dividimos el área en 2

𝑧 = (12 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 0.25 + 0.5 ∗ 6 ∗ 3 ∗ 2)

𝑧 = 19.5 𝑝𝑙𝑔3
e)

FIGURA Ai Yi Ai*Yi IZ d A*d2


1 17671.5 325 5743237.5 24837890.6 108.166577 206756696
2 7500 125 937500 39062500 91.8334235 63250332.5
-3 11304 325 3673800 10173600 -108.166577 132256894
suma 13867.5 3006937.5 74073990.6 137750135

3006937.5
𝑌𝑐 =
13867.5
𝑌𝑐 = 216.83 𝑚𝑚

𝑖𝑧 = 74073990.6 + 137750135
𝑖𝑧 = 211824126 𝑚𝑚4

211824126 𝑚𝑚4
𝑆=
216.83 𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 976897.94𝑚𝑚3
(3)(23.1028)(23.1028)
𝑍= + 3.14 (7)(5)(5)(7.5 + 1.89) + (3.14)(6)(6)(7.5 + 1.8972)
2
(1.897)(1.897)(3)
+
2

𝑍 = 14038.321 𝑚𝑚3

14038.321𝑚𝑚3
ℱ=
976897.9 𝑚𝑚3
ℱ = 1.59
f)

FIGURA Ai Yi Ai*Yi IZ d A*d2


1 2500 12.5 31250 520833.333 54.5454545 7438016.53
-
2 1875 62.5 117187.5 878906.25 4.54545455 38739.6694
3 2500 125 312500 130208.333 57.9545455 8396823.35
SUMA 6875 200 460937.5 1529947.92 15873579.5

1529947.92
𝑌𝑐 =
6875
𝑌𝑐 = 67.045𝑚𝑚
𝑖𝑧 = 1529947.92 + 15873579.5
𝑖𝑧 = 17403527.5 𝑚𝑚4

17403527.5𝑚𝑚4
𝑆=
67.045 𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 259578.037 𝑚𝑚3
25(3.75)(3.75)(2)
𝑍 = (25)(25 + 3.75) + + 25(1.25 + 3.75)
2
𝑍 = 31640.63 𝑖𝑛3

3164063𝑖𝑛3
ℱ=
1740352.7 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ = 1.22
g)

FIGURA Ai Yi Ai*Yi IZ d A*d2


1 1875 37.5 70312.5 97656.25 -25 1171875
2 1875 87.5 164062.5 878906.25 25 1171875
SUMA 3750 125 234375 976562.5 2343750

234375
𝑌𝑐 =
3750
𝑌𝑐 = 62.5 𝑚𝑚
𝑖𝑧 = 976562.5 + 2343750
𝑖𝑧 = 3320312.5 𝑚𝑚4

3320312.5 𝑚𝑚4
𝑆=
62.5 𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 53125 𝑚𝑚3
𝑍 = 75 (25)(125) + (75)(3.75)(25)

𝑍 = 93750 𝑚𝑚3

3320312.5 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ=
93750 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ = 1.61
h)

FIGURA Ai Yi Ai*Yi IZ d A*d2


1 25000 100 2500000 66666666.7 4.41176471 486591.696
-2 3750 125 468750 781250 29.4117647 3243944.64
SUMA 21250 225 2031250 67447916.7 3730536.33

2031250
𝑌𝑐 =
21250
𝑌𝑐 = 95.58𝑚𝑚
𝑖𝑧 = 67447916.7 + 3730536.33
𝑖𝑧 = 71178453𝑚𝑚4

71178453 𝑚𝑚4
𝑆=
95.58 𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 744636.124 𝑚𝑚3
(85)(85)(125) (150)(150)(125)
𝑍= + + (2 ∗ 5)(25 + 15) + (125)(5)(3) + 125(50)115. −25)
2 2
𝑍 = 1068125.5

1068125.5 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ=
744636.1 𝑖𝑛3
ℱ = 1.39
SOLUCION:

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
𝑃(2) + 𝑃(6) − 𝐴𝑌 (8) = 0

𝐴𝑌 = 𝑃

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0

𝐴𝑌 − 𝑃 − 𝑃 + 𝐵𝑌 = 0
𝑃 − 𝑃 − 𝑃 + 𝐵𝑌 = 0
𝐵𝑌 = 𝑃

ϒ M
P 2P
P-P=0 2P-0=2P
0-P=-P 2P-0=2P
-P+P=0 2P-2P=0
Figura 𝐴𝑖 𝑌𝑖 𝐴𝑖 ∗ 𝑌𝑖 𝑖𝑧 d 𝐴 ∗ 𝑑2
1 30000 150 4500000 225000000 0 0
2 10000 150 1500000 8333333.33 0 0
3 10000 150 1500000 8333333.33 0 0
∑ 50000 7500000 241666667.66 0

7500000
𝑌𝑐 =
50000
𝑌𝑐 = 150 𝑚𝑚
𝑖𝑧 = 241666667.66 + 0

𝑖𝑧 = 241666667.66 𝑚𝑚4

241666667.66 𝑚𝑚4
𝑆=
150 𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 1611111.11 𝑚𝑚3

𝑆 = 1.61 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3

𝑍 = 2 ∗ (100)(100)(100) + 2 ∗ (300)(50)(25)

𝑍 = 2750000 𝑚𝑚3

𝑍 = 2.75 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3

2.75 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3
ℱ=
1.61 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3
ℱ = 1.71
𝜎𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑁
𝑀𝑦 = 1.61 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3 ∗ 400 ∗ 106
𝑚2
𝑀𝑦 = 644𝐾𝑁𝑚
𝑁
𝑀𝑝 = 2.75 ∗ 10−3 𝑚3 ∗ 400 ∗ 106
𝑚2
𝑀𝑝 = 1.1 ∗ 106 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝑝 = 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑀𝑝 = 2𝑃

1.1 ∗ 106 𝑁𝑚 = 2𝑃

1.1 ∗ 106 𝑁𝑚
𝑃=
2
𝑃 = 550𝐾𝑁/𝑚
SOLUCIÓN:
Primero calculamos las fuerzas verticales y momentos:

∑𝑴 = 𝟎

𝑃(10 𝑖𝑛) + 𝐵𝑦(16 𝑖𝑛) − 𝑃(26 𝑖𝑛) = 0


16𝑃
𝐵𝑦 =
16
𝐵𝑦 = 𝑃

∑𝑭 = 𝟎

−𝑃 − 𝑃 + 𝐴𝑦 + 𝑃 = 0
𝐴𝑦 = 𝑃
Comprobamos con un software:
DFC:
−1𝑃 + 1𝑃 + 1𝑃 − 1𝑃 = 0
DMF:
10(1) = 10
10 − 10(1) = 0
Hallamos el DFC y DMF donde también nos dan el momento máximo, comprobamos con
un software los datos hallados.

Ahora tenemos que calcular el My y Mp, entonces:

Ai Yi AiYi Iz di Ai(d2)
1 12 2 24.00 4 0.21 0.55
2 1 0.5 0.50 0.083 1.286 1.65
3 1 0.5 0.50 0.083 1.286 1.65
14 25.00 4.166 3.86
25
𝑌𝑖 = = 1.786 𝑖𝑛
14
𝐼𝑧 = 4.166 + 3.86 = 8.026 𝑖𝑛4

Ya que contamos con estos datos podemos obtener S:

8.026 𝑖𝑛4
𝑆=
1.786 𝑖𝑛
𝑆 = 4.49 𝑖𝑛3
Por lo que podemos obtener My:
𝑘𝑖𝑝
𝑀𝑦 = 36 (4.49 𝑖𝑛3 ) = 161.64 𝑘𝑖𝑝 ∗ 𝑖𝑛
𝑖𝑛2
Ahora el Mz:
𝐴
= 7 𝑖𝑛2
2
7 = 6 ∗ 4𝑃 = 1.167 𝑖𝑛

6 ∗ 1.1672 6 ∗ 0.8332
𝑍= + + 2(1 ∗ 1 ∗ 1.33)
2 2
𝑍 = 8.833 𝑖𝑛3
𝑘𝑖𝑝
𝑀𝑝 = 36 (8.83 𝑖𝑛3 ) = 317.99 𝑘𝑖𝑝 ∗ 𝑖𝑛
𝑖𝑛2
Por ultimo calculamos Mmax que como sabemos es 10P

𝑀𝑦 = 10𝑃𝑦
161.64
𝑃𝑦 = = 16.164 𝑘𝑖𝑝
10
𝑀𝑢 = 10𝑃𝑢
317.99
𝑃𝑢 = = 31.80 𝑘𝑖𝑝
10

𝑃𝑢=317.9910
Ejercicio 4

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝐴𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 = 1.2 ∗ 𝑤 + 1.2 ∗ 𝑤
𝐴𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 = 24𝑤

𝐴𝑦 = 24𝑤 − 𝐵𝑦

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0

𝑤(1.2) ∗ (0.6) + 𝐵𝑦 ∗ 1 − 𝑤(1.2) ∗ (1 + 0.6) = 0


𝐵𝑦 = 1.92𝑤 − 0.72𝑤
𝐵𝑦 = 1.2𝑤

𝐴𝑦 = 2.4𝑤 − 1.2𝑤
𝐴𝑦 = 1.2𝑤
𝐷𝑀𝐹 → 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.72𝑤
Determinación de S
i Ai Yi Ai*Yi Iz i di Ai*di^2
1 250 10 2500 8333.33 0.44 48.4
2 -37.5 12.5 -468.75 -78.125 2.94 -324.135
212.5 2031.25 8255.21 -275.735

2031.25
𝑦𝑐 = = 9.56 𝑐𝑚
212.5
𝐼𝑧 = 8255.21 − 275.735

𝐼𝑧 = 7979.475 𝑐𝑚4

9.56 < 10.44 ∴ 𝐶 = 10.44

𝐼 7979.475 𝑐𝑚4
𝑆= =
𝐶 10.44 𝑐𝑚

𝑆 = 764.3175 𝑐𝑚3
Determinación de la carga de fluencia
𝑁
𝜎𝑦 = 300 ∗ 106
𝑚2
𝑀𝑦 = 𝜎𝑦 ∗ 𝑠
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑀𝑦 → 𝑞𝑦 =?
𝑁
𝑀𝑦 = 300 ∗ 106 𝑚2 ∗ 764.3575 ∗ 10−6 𝑚3 = 229295.25 N ∗ m

𝑀𝑦 = 229.295 𝑘𝑁 ∗ 𝑚
𝑀𝑦 = 229.295 𝑘𝑁𝑚 → 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑀𝑦 → 0.72𝑞𝑦 = 229.95 𝑘𝑁𝑚

229.295𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑞𝑦 =
0.72 𝑚2
𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑦 = 318.4656
𝑚
Primero determinamos Y1

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 212.5
= = 106.25 … . . 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦
2 2
106.25 = 12.5 ∗ 5 + 2(2.5 ∗ 5) + 12.5 ∗ 𝑦
106.25 − 87.5
𝑦=
12.5

𝑦 = 1.5
Determinamos Z

8.52 1.52
𝑍 = 12.5 ∗ + 12.5 ∗ + (2) ∗ 2.5 ∗ 5 ∗ 4 + 12.5 ∗ 5 ∗ 9
2 2
𝑍 = 1128.125 𝑐𝑚3

𝑍 = 1128.125 ∗ 10−6 𝑚3
Determinación de la carga ultima

𝑀𝑝 = 𝜎𝑦 ∗ 𝑍
𝑁
𝑀𝑝 = 300 ∗ 106 ∗ 1128.125 ∗ 10−6 𝑚3
𝑚2
𝑀𝑝 = 338437.5 𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝑝 = 338.4375𝑘𝑁𝑚 → 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑀𝑝 → 0.72𝑞𝑢 = 338.4375 𝑘𝑁𝑚
338.4375 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑞𝑢 =
0.72
𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑢 = 470.052
𝑚

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