s P r 7 :WP0BB

s P r ; :sP00:
s P r 3 ;sP0;:
s v t 6 ; sv0s:
sv7::
Ndedglrclhbrl
k rdkLopfl
krdk

XP03B
XP70:

Glrclhbrlk glhkelsbnplgtl
Glrclhbrlk XY76:
b nplgtlkrdk opfl

NLE[LO KOBZKPLHBP
KOBZKPLHBP

Eýnkrb h k pdkzl 68;3 ÷ | |

7rh khdgd÷e Ksplübo
Hdgdkn`rk : |
Wustdtuyk o e." hk pdkzl
pdkzl68;77:80
68;77:80
 9 . BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDK

1.9 BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDKEXB

DEIBPNLGD×EKEKPLO

sdstknlsk nbetlmk k b slggksbr¡bs kgìedgbs

lol LebvkPXKEgtL
D[obvdndketbekspkrlhb
w:o29L
Lskcýrksk dknprk hk quk hk tl
ol nìqudel
nìqudel.dkek ol tknpkrltr¡rl brrkgtl hk iuegdbelndketb letks
polr b hkslgbpolr fkrrlr=rdketls y lggksbrdbs. hk lgb-
r pukhk Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.
,pukhk
rdb sd tl
LlbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrbhk lpolstlndketb
[tdodgksdknprk lggksbrdbs fbnbobc-lhb<.Lskcýrksk hk quk ko lggksbrdb ke gukstd÷e
ks gbnpltd`ok
gbe ko sdstknl hk lgbpolndketb hk ol nìqudel.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks ksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk lpolstlndketb
Ke locuebs lggksbrdbs, pukhk plrkgkr quk fly hbs pbsdgdbeks plrl ko lgbpolndketb. utdodgk
ol pbsdgd÷e deikrdbr plrl quk obs lggksbd¡bs qýkhke `dke gbekgdlhbs y s"mrrbr. sdknprk
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks ksdbeks.
w: < 6 0 6

LebvkPXKEgtL
¡Zdkzlsquk glke
Ks pbsd`ok quk ol sugdkhlh y tbs rkstbs hk guotdvb dnpdhle gbekgtlr/hksgbekgtlr gbrrkgtlnketk
ue l
fkrrlndketlb ue lggksbrdb. Odnpdk ol nìqudel, ko lggksbrdb b ol fkrrlndketlhk tbhb hkskgfb letks
hk gbekgtlr/hksgbekgtlr ue lggksbrdb b uel fkrrlndketl.
Wd eb s k gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks ksdbeks.
w:0<8L

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb h k lpolstlndketb
@lmb edecýe gbegkptb slquk edecuel plrtk hko gukrpb hko gbnplrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr plrl
`obquklr
b hks`obquklr
sk hks`obquklrkoko gdkrrk
dehdgl ke kstk hurletk ko gln`db hk lggksbrdbs. Wdcl dknprk ko prbgkhdndketb
nleulo. prbgkhdndketbgbrrkgt÷
gbrrkgt÷ qu k
W d eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks ksdbeks.
w:0'o7l

L lbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb h k glîhl hk b`mktbs
Letks hk utdodzlr ol nìqudel, lskcýrksk sdknprk hk quk ol gugflrl b ko lggksbrdb gbrrkspbehdketk
kstìe hk`dhlnketksudktbs k e ol polgl hk lgbpdlndketb ìpdhb. [el
[elgugflrl
gugflrlbb ue lggksbrdb nlosumktb
ke ol polgl hk lgbpolndketb rìpdhb pbhrîl hksprkehkrsk ndketrls kstì ke nlrgfl-
Wd eb s k gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukÄks b crlvks ksdbeks.
w:<99L

do.=.

o1'

9- <
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDK

LebvrPXKEgtL
pkodcrb hk lpolstlndketbObs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e hko glrclhbr qukhle sde lpbyb hurletk ko hksnbe-
tlmk hk ol vlrdool.
kokvlgd÷e hko glrclhbr
E÷ ketrk lo gbnplrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr ed slocl hk ä o sde quk obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷ehko
kstäe `dke sumktbs. Lpbyk osb `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e ke ko sukob b lgbpok ko hdspbsdtdvb hk lpbyb letks
hk ketrlr lo gbnplrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr b slodr hk ä< .
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDKEXD

Destlolgd÷ehko lggksbrdb
LYDWB= Okl ko nleulo hk destruggdbeks koil`rdgletk plrl /bs lggksbrdbsquk eb sk degouykeke
lggksbrdbsquk degouyke ke ksik nleulo.
Gbe l ndedglrclhbrlk sundedstrl
sundedstrlbnb
bnbkqudplndketb
kqudplndketb
hk
hkskrdk
skrdk e lgbpolhbrdrltbrdb<)
lgbpolhbrdrltbrdb quksk lgbpol o`rlzb
<)quk
hk kokvlgd÷e
kokvlgd÷eko
koglrclhbr.
glrclhbr.

47<::3;<9L <

Cdrk flgdllrrd`l
Cdrkflgdl lrrd`l ls nledvkols ko pkstdoob 0< l ol pbsd-
gd÷ehk
gd÷e hk od`krlgd÷e.Lskcýrksk
od`krlgd÷e.Lskcýrkskhk quk ols nledvkols k o
pkstdoob stäe btlonketk u`dhls
u`dhlshk ibrnl quk obs plsl-
hk ibrnlquk
hbrkshk
hbrks hk `obqukb
`obqukbkstäe
kstäe btlonketk kpokclhbs.

47<::3;<9 0

oegodek dhrìuodglnketkbs lgbpolhbrks

lgbpolhbrks7)7) flgdl
flgdlhkoletk
hkoletk
ndketrls drdck l grkstl
grkstlhko lgbpolhbrpbr hk`lmb
hko lgbpolhbrpbr hk`lmbhkhk ol
zbelhk
zbel hk lsdketb
lsdketbhko
hko lggksbeb.

4 7 d: : 3 ; < 3 7

9-7
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDKE'.

Okvletkyy flcl rbtlrko

Okvletk rbtlrko lgbpolhbrflstl quk ol supkridgdk
lgbpolhbrflstlquk
trlskrlhko lggksbrdb ksglesksb`rk
trlskrlhko ksglesksb`rk l supkridgdk kole-
tkrl hko lgbpolhbr.
lggksbrdbkstä tbtlonketk
Gulehb ko lggksbrdbkstä tbtlonketklpbylhb,
lpbylhb, `lmk ko
`rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e flstl quk kstä tbtlonketksb`rk
kokvlgd÷eflstl tbtlonketksb`rk obs
tbpks hko glrclhbr.
Kxtdkehl l gugflrl ko lggksbrdb, lrìehbobs ulehb
ulehbkk o
`brhk hk ol gugflrl bquk ko sukob.
Lplcukko nbtbr, ksl`r÷gfksk o gdetur÷e k skcurdhlh
Lplcukko
y slocl hko gbnplrtdnketb ko gpkrlhbr.
Zrksdbek ls hbs nledvkols ko pkstdoob <) sb`rk
sb`rkko
ko gketrb
plrl lgbpolr bs plslhbrks k `obqukbke
`obqukbke ols kecÿktls
rktkegd÷ehko lggksbrdbplrl idmlr ko lggksbrdb
hk rktkegd÷ehko lggksbrdblo
lo lgb-
polhbr.
Okvletkko lggksbrdb kxtdkehl ketlnketk l gugflrl
Okvletkko gugflrlbb
k o lggksbrdb. espkggdbek dsulonketk o lgbpolndketb
hk obs plslhbrks k `obqukb o) ke ols rleurlshk
rleurlshk ol
okecÿktl eikrdbr
eikrdbrhko
hko lggksbrdb.
. Wd ko lggksbrdb
lggksbrdbeb
eb kstì `dke sumktbke
sumktb ke ko lgbpolhbr,
`lmk ko `rlzbhk kokvlgd÷ey rkpdtl
`rlzbhk kokvlgd÷ey ko prbgkhdndketb
rkpdtlko
hk nbetlmk.
. Letks hk utdodzlr o lggksbrdb, o bpkrlhbrhk`k
bpkrlhbrhk`k utd-
ke tbhls sus pbsdgdbeks gbeidrnlr u k ko
odzlrobke
odzlrob
lggksbrdbkstì
lggksbrdb kstì sumktby
sumktb y skcurb.

Hksnbetlmkhko
Hksnbetlmk hko lggksbrdb
@lmk ko lggksbrdblo
lggksbrdblo sukob, plrk ko nbtbr, gbeidrnk quk
qu k
koirkeb hk kstlgdbelndketbstì
kstlgdbelndketbstìlggdbelhb
lggdbelhb slocl
sloclhk
hk ol
ndedglrclhbrl.
Xdrkhk ols nledvkols k o pkstdoob lgdl l pbsdgd÷e k d`k-
Xdrkhk
rlgd÷e plrl sbotlr bs plslhbrks
plslhbrksyy `lmk ls okecÿktlshko
hk o
lggksbeb.
LYDWB=Lskcýrkskhk
LYDWB=Lskcýrksk hk quk ols
olsnledvkols hko pkstdotbkstäe
nledvkolshko
tbtl nketk
nketk Dkvl
Dkvletlh
etlhlls.
L`r÷gfksk o gdetur÷e k skcurdhlh, rrlequk l ndedglr-
clhbrlyy sukotk
clhbrl sukotkko
ko irkebhk
irkeb hk knkrckegdl.
oegodekko
oegodekko lggksbrdb lgdl hkoletk
hkoletkhk ibrnl quk ko `brhk
hk ibrnlquk
hkoletkrb ksglesk b`rk
b`rkko
ko sukob.
Gbetdeýk egodelehb o ndsnb dknpb
dknpbko
ko lgbpolhbr lgdl
hkoletk flgdl
flgdlltrìs
ltrìshk
hk ol ndedglrclhbrl be rkspkgtb o
lggksbeb.

9-8
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDKE'

sdstknls k nbetlmk k b slggksbrdbsdhrìuodgbs

Ko bpkrlhbr
bpkrlhbrpukhk
pukhk gln`dlr
gln`dlrhk
hk ibrnl kidglzue lggksbrdb
nbetlhb ke ko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e,ndketls pkrnlekgk
ke k o lsdketb ko bpkrlhbr, be kstk
kstklgbpolhbr
lgbpolhbr pgdbelo.
Ol lgtdvlgd÷e ko lgbpolhbr ko lggksbrdb dhrìuodgb s
uel bpkrlgd÷e k hbs plsbs.
. Nletkeclpuoslhb
Nletkecl puoslhbko detkrruptbr ko lgbpolhbrfd R
hrìuodgb <) ke ol hdrkggd÷e
hdrkggd÷ehk
hk hks`obqukb, lstl
quk obs dehdglhbrks 0) hko lgbpolhbr
lgbpolhbrkstäe
kstäe ke ol
pbsdgd÷egbrrkgtl.
. Kstk etkrruptbr k`k utdodzlrsk uetb gbe ol prksd÷e
fdhrìuodgl ko `rlzbhk
`rlzbhk kokvlgd÷e`lmlhb, l rbtlgd÷e
hko lggksbrdb ol luxdodlr.
LYDWB= Wdtdkek prkcuetls sb`rk
Wdtdkekprkcuetls sb`rkko
ko nbetlmky
nbetlmky hksnbetlmk
hk /bs lggksbrdbs,p÷ecls
p ÷eclsk ke gbetlgtb
gbetlgtbgbe
gbe ko gbegksdb-
elrrg.

Destlolgd÷ehko lggksbrdb

<. Letks hk lgkrglrsk o lggksbrdb, `skrvk bs dehd-

glhbrks oundelhbs e rbmb.
0.
Kxtdkehlldckrlnketk
gbobquk dckrlnketkbs bs gdodehrbs
plrtk supkrdbr gdodehrbshko
supkrdbrhko hko lggksbrdby
hko lgbpolhbrlggksbrdb
hky
hk`lmbhk
hk`lmb
ol tlpl
tlplkeke ol plrtk rlskrl
rlskrlhko
hko lggksbrdb.
7. Okvletk cdrk flgdlflgdlltrìs
ltrìsko
ko lgbpolhbr lgdl l n d-
edglrclhbrlflstl quk kstä gbnpoktlnketkflgdl
ltrìsyy hkspkclhb ko sukob.
ltrìs
8. Lgtdvkguloqudkr
Lgtdvk guloqudkr lrclhbrb iuegd÷e luxdodlr
luxdodlrflstl
flstl
k o idelo hk su glrrkrl
glrrkrlhkhk gbetrbo pkhlo,plolegl
pkhlo,ploleglb
nledvkolhk
nledvkol hk gbetrbo,
gbetrbo,flstl quk obs dehdglhbrks 0)
flstlquk
hkolgbpolhbr
hko lgbpolhbr k rkpodkcuke ol pbsdgdbe k `obqukb
y obs ehdglhbrks kmke kmkehk
hk doundelrsk e rbmb.
;. Letks hk utdodzlr
utdodzlrko
ko lggksbrdb,ko bpkr"hbr hk`k utd-
odzlrobke
odzlrob ke tbhls sus pbsdgdbeksy gbeidrnlr quk ko
gbeidrnlrquk
lggksbrdbkstì
lggksbrdb kstì sumktb
sumktbyy skcurb.
LlbvKPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk glîhl hk b`mktbs
Letks hk utdodzlr l nìqudel, lskcýrksk sdkn-
prk hk quk ol gugflrl b ko lggksbrdb gbrrks-
pbehdketk kstìe hk`dhlnketk sumktbs ke ko
lgbpolndketb. [el gugflrl b ue lggksbrdb
nlo sumktb ke ko lgbpolndketb pbhrîl hks-
prkehkrsk ndketrls kstì ke nlrgfl.
W d eb sk gunpoke kstls estruggdbeks, pukhke
prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

9-;
K
o, d
Id
9 . BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKEXX-
d' d

Hksnbetlmk ko lggksbrdb
8
t . Gbobquk ko lggksbrdb kegdnl hk ol supkridgdk hk
hksnbetlmk.
0. Nletkeclpuoslhb
puoslhbkoko detkrruptbr ko lgbpolhbrfd -
hrìuodgb <) ke ol hdrkggd÷ehk hks`obqukb, lstl
quk bs sbpbrtks ko ehdglhbr ko lgbpolndketb s-
t`e ke ol pbsdgd÷e brrkgtl ehdglhl nkhdletk bs e-
ehdglhlnkhdletk
hdglhbrks e rbmb 0) .
7. Kstk etkrruptbr k`k utdodzlrsk uetb gbe ol prksd÷e
fdhrìuodgl
hko ko `rlzb
lggksbrdb `rlzbhk
hk kokvlgd×e lmlhb, l rbtlgd÷e
b ol luxdodlr.
8. Gbobquk ko lggksbrdbke ol supkridgdkhk hksnbe-
tlmk, kxtdkehlko lgbpolhbr kmbs hko lggksbrdb' k7<:9676 7

LkbvkPXKEgoL
Zkodcrb hk lpolstlndketb Obs `rlzbs hk kokvl-
gd÷ehko glrclhbr qukhle sde lpbyb hurletk k o
hksnbetldk hk ol vlrdool.
Eb ketrk lo gbnplrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr ed
slocl hk äo sde quk obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e
hko glrclhbr kstäe `dke sudktbs. Lpbyk os b
`rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e ke ko sukob b lgbpok ko
hdspbsdtdvb hk lpbyb letks hk ketrlr lo gbn'
plrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr b slodr hk ä< .
W d eb s k gunpoke kstls estruggdbeks, pukhke
prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

9-9
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKE'

Iuegdbelndketb
e glnpb
LebvkPXKEgtL
Obs lvkrîls hko kqudpb pukhke prbvbglr lggdhketks b oksdbeks.
Letks hk gbehugdr o l nìqudel, l`r÷gfksk gbrrkgtlnketk ko gdetur÷e. Kxlndek bs gbnpbeketks hk o
lsdketb ke `usgl hk pbsd`oks hlübs y hksclstk. Zlrl clrletdzlr ol skcurdhlh hko bpkrlhbr, sustdtuyl
tbhbs obs gbnpbeketks hlülhbs hko gdetur÷e hk skcurdhlh.
W d eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvKPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk vukogb. [el
[elgugflrl
gugflrl okeb ke pbsdgd÷e kokvlhl
kokvlhlgln`dl
gln`dl ko gketrb hk crlvkhlh hk l nìqudel.
Lo utdodzlr ue glrclhbr gbe ol gugflrl ookel ke uel pkehdketk, bnk ols sdcudketks prkglugdbeks= <.
Kvdtk flgkr cdrbs gbe ol nìqudel ke ol pkehdketk. 0. Gbehuzgl sdknprk hksplgdb y ke odekl rkgtl
gulehb su`l y `lmk pkehdketks. 7. Ookvk ooll glrcl ob nìs `lml pbsd`ok.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks,pukhke
destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks tksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk vukogb
Zrbgurk sdknprk lplrglr l nìqudel sb`rk uel supkridgdk drnk y edvkolhl. Kvdtk lplrglr ke ols pke-
hdketks. @obqukk ko nbvdndketb h k ols rukhls ke ln`ls hdrkggdbeks.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks,pukhke
destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks ksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk hksglrcl koägtrdgl
Eb trl`lmk euegl hk`lmb hko tkehdhb koägtrdgb. Eb trl`lmk euegl ke zbels hbehk fly pbsd`dodhlh hk
rks`lolrsk.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk gldhl hk b`mktbs
Wk hk`k ookvlr ue glsgb lo trl`lmlr gbe ol nìqudel y ndketrls sk kstä ke guloqudkr zbel hk b`rls.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk pärhdhl hk gbetrbo
Nletkecl sdknprk ols nlebs y obs pdks ke obs gbetrboks gbrrkspbehdketks plrl nletkekr ko gbetrbo
h k o l nìqudel.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.
w:073l

9 3
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKEXD--

Hdspbsdgd÷e hko trl`lmb

Zlrl ue usb kidglz, brcledgkko trl`lmbplrl ndedndzlrko
kidglz,brcledgk
tdknpbekgkslrdb
tdknpb gdgob hk trl`lmb' Lo h k-
ekgkslrdb lrl klodzlr o gdgobhk
ko uclr
sb`rkko
gdhdrsb`rk
gdhdr uclrhk hksglrcl,keclke
hk hksglrcl,kecl ke guketl l hdrkg-
gd÷e hko vdketby ol degodelgd×e ko tkrrkeb. Wdknprkqu k
tkrrkeb.Wdknprk
skl pbsd`ok, u`dquk ko ouclr
pbsd`ok,u`dquk hk hksglrcl ibrnl qu k
ouclrhk hk
ko vdketb rlespbrtk o pbovb
pbovbke betrlrdlll ol
ke ol hdrkggd÷e betrlrdl
pbsdgd÷e ko bpkrlhbr. etks hk quk ko bpkrlhbr npdkgk
etkshk
k o trl`lmb, evdkrtl
evdkrtllocb
locb hk tdknpbke
tdknpb ke edvkolr
edvkolrkoko ìrkl hk
trl`lmbsd
trl`lmb sd eb kstì uedibrnk. Ndedndgk ls hdstlegdls k
trlespbrtkplrl
trlespbrtkplrl lgkokrlr
lgkokrlrko
ko gdgobhk
gdgob hk trl`lmb'
glrclhh k uegdbeln¡ketb
Glplgdhlhksk glrcl
LlbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb h k vukogb.
Wd sb`rkglrcl l nìqudel.,ästl pukhk vboglr-
Wdcl sdknprk bs oîndtks hk glrcl rkgbnkehl-
hbs. Eb sb`rkglrcuk euegl ol nìqudel.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke
prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks- iidO@
idxxac)
wb0<3L

Gbesuotk ls kspkgdidglgdbeks ko glpîtuob plrl b`tkekr

uel odstl hk obs nbhkobsy hk ols glplgdhlhks k
odstlhk
iuegdbelndketb. lrl lrlss u nìqudel spkgîidgl, besuotk
hk ol nìqudel
nìqudelhkhk ol glplgdhlh k glrcl. W d
ko r÷tuob sb`rk l glplgdhlh k glrclhk
huhlssb`rk
tdkekhuhls
tdkek glrcl hk ol nìqudel,
p÷eclskke
p÷eclsk ke gbetlgtb gbe ko gbegksdbelrdb.
gbetlgtbgbe
. Letks hk knpkzlr l trl`lmlr, lndodlrîgksk be ko
ìrkl hk trl`lmb. Obglodgk bs `lgfks, b`stìguobsy
`lgfks,b`stìguobs
rkstbs quk kodndelrsk
hk`kekodndelrsk
hk`ke e ol zbel. Pkgukrhk
quk ko ouclr hk trl`lmb
ouclrhk pukhk gln`dlr gbestletk-
gln`dlrgbestletk-
nketkhurletk
nketk ko trlesgursb ko hîl.
hurletkko
. Obglodgk bs pkodcrbs ekvdtl`oks bnb îekls
îeklskoägtrd-
koägtrd-
gls, puketks ksqudels krglels lrl lskcurlrsk
hk quk bpkrl gbe skcurdhlh
bpkrlgbe ke kstls ìrkls.
skcurdhlhke
. Gbeidrnk l pbsd`dodhlh k quk flyl pkrsbelsk e
obs lorkhkhbrks hkspkmk ko ìrkl hk pkrsbelo
hkspkmkko pkrsbeloeb
eb
lutbrdzlhb.
. ouclr hk trl`lmbplrl nd -
Wd ks pbsd`ok, ¡cledgk o ouclrhk 63;69838V <

edndzlrko
edndzlr
trl`lmb.ko tdknpb
tdknpbekgkslrdb
Xkeclke
trl`lmb.Xkecl keekgkslrdb lrl klodzlr
guketl l hdrkggd÷e o gdgobhk
gdgobyhk
kovdketb ol
degodelgd÷e k o krrkeb. [`dquk o ouclr
krrkeb.[`dquk ouclrhh k hksglrcl
hk ibrnl quk ko vdketb rlespbrtk ko pbovb ke ol hd-
rlespbrtkko
gbetrlrdlll ol pbsdgd÷ehko bpkrlhbr.
rkggd÷egbetrlrdl
rkggd÷e
. ue rlecb `lmb plrl b`tkekr l nìxdnl
[tdodgkue
[tdodgk kidgl-
nìxdnlkidgl-
gdl ke ol ndedglrclhbrl.
LrbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk vukogb
Letks hk pbekr ol nìqudel ke nlrgfl, ko
bpkrlhbr hk`k gbebgkr ol glplgdhlh nìxdnl
h k CLPCL gbe ol quk pukhk iuegdbelr. Wdcl
sdknprk obs odndtks hk glrcl rkgbnkehlhbs.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls estruggdbeks, pukhke
prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

9-@
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKWK I[EGDBELNDKE".

Ookelhb hk ol gugflrl
Kxdstkebs
Kxdstke bsnätbhbs
nätbhbs ìsdgbs lrl okelr
okelrll gugflrl e ue nbet÷e. kektrlgd÷e
kektrlgd÷eee lrgb pkektrlgd÷e
pkektrlgd÷erlhulo.
rlhulo. k -
gdhlko tdpbhk pkektrlgd÷euk ekgksdtl lrlglrclr vlrdk bsnätbhbs
gdhlko tdpbhk bs nätbhbs kcýe bs nltkrdloks.
Zkektrlgd÷ee lrgb
Gbe ko nätbhb hk pkektrlgd÷e e lrgb, ol gugflrl
gugflrlsk
sk detrbhugk e ko nbet÷ey
nbet÷e y sk rkgbckndketrls
rkgbck ndketrls k kokvlke
kokvl ke
lrgb gbetdeubflgdl
gbetdeubflgdllrrd`l
lrrd`l flstl quk sk ookel l gugflrl. Guletb
Guletbutdodgk kstk nätbhb, kgukrhk uk uel rkgbcdhl
utdodgkkstk
kxgksdvl
lo ukhksb`rkglrclr
ukhk
ndsnb dknpb,sb`rkglrclr
dknpb,ko sdstknlhko sdstknl
ko sdstknlhk kokvlgd÷ek kokvlgd÷e.Lo
Lo lgtdvlr
ukhkglolrsk bs sdstknls
bssdstknls
glolrskbglsdbelonketk.
bglsdbelonketk. dhrìuodgbs
ulehbkstb
ulehb k kokvlgd÷e
kstbsugkhl,
sugkhl, hk llgugflrl
kslgbpok
kslgbpokl iuegd÷e
hk kokvlgd÷e hk rkgbcdhlplrl=quk
rkgbcdhlplrl=quk l nìxdnlÎukrzl
nìxdnlÎukrzlfdhrìuodgl
fdhrìuodgl gtýk
gtýksb`rk ue ukcb hk gdodehrbs.
sb`rkue

crlhulo
Zkektrlgd÷ecrlhulo
Zkektrlgd÷e
Gbe ko nätbhb hk pkektrlgd÷e rlhulo, l gugflrlsk
nätbhbhk gugflrlsk detrbhugk e ko nbet÷el
nbet÷e l edvko
edvkohko
hko sukobgbe
sukob gbe ol gugflrl
gugflrlke
ke
d< pbsdgd÷efbrdzbetlo `lmlhl. Wk detrbhugk l gugflrlke
gugflrl ke ko nbet÷e b nìxdnb pbsd`okhurletk ko knpumk edgdlo.
hurletkko
o-1=
dd1=
Kokvk l gugflrl ue pdk k detrbhýzglol
gugflrlue detrbhýzglolnìs
nìs ke ko nbet÷e. Pkpdtl
Pkpdtlkstk
kstk gdgob letls vkgks gbnb skl ekgkslrdb
ekgkslrdbflstl
flstl
.'=r=
ookelr l gugflrl.
Mo .

9-4
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKEXB /

Kxglvlgd÷e
Lo kxglvlr gbe ol ndedglrclhbrl, ktdrk uel glpl pkqukülke glhl plslhl. Kstk nätbhb ks kidglz y ndedndzl
ndedglrclhbrl,ktdrk ndedndzlko
ko
ukhls.Wd sk keguketrl be nltkrdloks bnplgtlhbs, lguhl l vìovuol k gbetrbo k l gugflrl
hksodzlndketb k ls ukhls.Wd
plrl lgdodtlr l pkektrlgd÷e.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk pärhdhl hk gbetrbo
Ol vkobgdhlh hk lvlegk hk`k ilvbrkgkr ko nletkedndketb hko gbetrbo y ol kstl`dodhlh hk ol nìqudel
kstl`dodhlhhk
ke tbhb nbnketb. Wdknprk quk skl pbsd`ok, kvdtk ko iuegdbelndketb gkrgl hk zlemls, tkrrlpokeks y
cdrlr, pkehdketks y hksdculoks, rks`lolhdzls
bfbybs. Pkhuzgl ol vkobgdhlh lo
keobhlhls. lo gruzlr ke supkridgdks
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LkbvkPXKEgrL
¡Zkodcrb hk vukogb
Wd okvletl uel gugflrl sb`rkglrclhl, pukhk prbhugdrsk ue lggdhketk. Wd sk prbhumkrl kstl sdtulgd÷e
y il nìqudel knpkzlrl l degodelrsk pkodcrbslnketk flgdl hkoletk, fl`rîl quk `lmlr obs `rlzbs hk kok-
vlgd÷e D ENKHDLXLNKEXK.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgrL
Zkodcrb hk pärhdhl hk gbetrbo
Wd ol gugflrl kstì ookel ke ol pbsdgd÷e kokvlhl, pukhk quk ol nìqudel pltdek lo trl`lmlr k e tkrrkebs
drrkcuolrks.Nletkecl
drrkcuolrks. Nletkecl l gugflrl b nìs `lml`lmlpbsd`ok
pbsd`ok hurletk
hurletksu
su iuegdbelndketb plrl gbeskcudr nkmbr
kstl`dodhlh y vdsd`dodhlh. [tdodgk sdknprk ol nìqudel l vkobgdhlhks ketls gulehb trl`lmk ke tkrrkebs
drrkcuolrks.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

EBXL= Wd ko nbtbr tdrl flgdl l`lmb gbeibrnk Dl ndedglrclhbrl sk glrcl, obs gbetrboks hdrkggdbeloks sk tdkeke quk
sudktlr ke ol hdrkggd÷e hk lvlegk. Ko nìxdnb plr sk b`tdkek l uel vkobgdhlh hk lvlegk nîednl ke Ote lecb `lmb
plrl tbhls /ls ndedglrclhbrls.

Xrlespbrtk hk glrcl ke ol trlykgtbrdl

trlykgtbrdlhko
hko glrclhbr.Kokvlr
glrclhbr.Kokvlr l gugflrl nìs hk
gugflrlnìs
ob ekgkslrdb khugk l kstl`dodhlh.
Lo rktrbgkhkr dketrls k trlespbrtl el glrcl, okvk l
gugflrl tlplrlkvdtlr bsb`stìguobs
gugflrlbb suidgdketknketkootl bsb`stìguobs

9-<:
 9 - BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKEXB

Hksglrcl k o l gugflrl Hkvbougd÷e k r l glrclh k r l gugflrll r l

gbbrhdek l vkrbgdhlhk lvlegk rl vkrbgdhlh pbsdgd÷eh k glrcl
vlgd÷e ko `rlzb k krk-
lstl beskcudrìliturl rlgugflrl
quk hkskk o okclr o uclr k hkrglrcl. k rl gugflrl oenkhdltlnketk kspuäs
hk fl`kr hksglrclhb btlr-
nketk ol gugflrl, edgdk kr gdgrb hk rkgbcdhì gbeibrnk
Letks k hktkekrbsnbvdndketbsklvlegk krkvlgd÷e, rktrbgkhk l nìqudel kshk lzbel hk hkoglrcl. vbrvkr
gbnrkegk vbrglr l gugflrl lrlvlgdlr rìhulrnketkl gbobglr l gugflrlgugflrlplrl
plrl kr gdgrb
gdgrbhk
hk dokelhb d"etru, ,l
o l glrcl be uel lrturl k r`rìzb k ktkvlgd÷e `lmle obs `rlzbs hk krkvlgd÷elfbrrl `lstletk dknpb.
Wd s k vlgîl etks plrlr, îednl. Zukhk lmustlr nìs rl lrturl
hk rl gugflrl
skrìnìxdnl.
skrì nìxdnl. k l kstl`dodhlh
kstl`dodhlhkk l nìqudel lfbrrlehb
ndedglrclhbrledgdl
ndedglrclhbrl edgdl ko lvlegk ke ko gdgobgbeibrnk
gbeibrnkrlrl
hk ookelhb,
tdknpb ketrk obs gdgtbs hk hksglrcl y hk
Lo glrclr e u e glnd÷e, pukhk ookelhb.
k tdrdzlrlgugflrl lr l
knpumlr o nltkrdlrlstl r lhb k r lnd÷enìs
ldk¡lhb
sd ol gugflrl stìke uel pbsdgd÷eegodelhl ì.¡l. lr l Edvkilgd÷e b e l gugflrl
uelpbsdgd÷e
nlybrkidglgdl, k`k flgkrskndketrls k hkstlrcl
glrcl, etkshk hktkekr o nbvdndketbk lvlegk k oll Ol ndedglrclhbrl ukhk utdrdzlrsk lrl edvkrlr betrb-
nìqudel. etketk betrbrlrr glnd÷e k ibrnì u d :".- olehb l degodelgd÷e k ol gugflrl.
glrcuk rdnkrb b`rk o lhbhko
hkoglnd÷e
glnd÷e lmb
"t"¡"hb. Ol ndedglrclhbrl k pukhk utdrrzlr lrl edvkrlr, brb-
Lotrl`lmlr benltkrdlrkshfksdvbs,l ugflrl k pukhk glehb ol gugflrl ke ol pbsdgd÷e hk vlgdlhb
vlgdlhbyy rktrbgk-
slguhdr lrl botlr o nltkrdlo uk dkehk p.c"dMu u t, hdkehb lrrlstrlehb l tdkrrl sukrtl. Ol degodel÷dbe k ol
plhktrlskrl k l gugflrl. gugflrlgbetrbrlrì l gletdhlhhk tdkrrl quk sk nukvk=
tdkrrlquk
LebvKPXKEgtL gbobquk ol `b`delhk rl vìrvurl k gbetrbr kr `rlzb h k
kokvlgd÷e e ol pbsdgd÷e k plrlhlplrl hkmlr
hkmlrquk
quk l g uR
Zkodcrb h k gbodsd÷e
Lskcýrksk sdknprk hk quk eb fly pkrsbels gflrlsdcl
gflrl
ìrkls sdclko
ko gbetbreb k rsukrb hkpbsdtk ì dkrrl
`lmls. dkrrlke
ke rl s
ed lednloks ed b`stìguobs k e ol ,÷e" s¡tulMl
pbr hktrìs hk ol nìqudel letks hk hlr LYosb= Eb knpumk b`mktbsgbe rbs `rlzbshk krkvlgd÷e
nlrgfl tbtlonketkkokvlhbsb pukhk gluslr
ltrìs. gluslrhlübske
hlübske bs `rlzbs
W d e b sk gunpoke kstls estruggdbeks, pukhke hk kokvlgd÷e b ke rbs gdrdehrbs ko `rlzb hk krkvlgd÷e.
prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks. LYDWB= Eb knpumk flgdl hkrletk gbe rl gugflrl tbtlt-
ryk<tk hksglrclhl
hksglrclhlylyl quk pukhke hlülrsk rbs gdtdehrbs
hk ol gugflrl.

Od`krlgd÷eh k i l nìqudel keileclhl

K e ol nlybrîlhk obs glsbs,gulehbuel nìqudel ukhl
ltlsglhl,pukhkutdrdzlrsklgugflrl
gugflrlplrl
plrl okvlr lg'lrcl-
hbrl l uel supkridgdknìs sbodhl. Guìehbs k elcl stb,
ol gugflrl hk`k kstlr ke rl pbsdgd÷ehk hksglrcì bd"r y
obs `rlzbsgbeibrnk
ketbegks hk krkvlgd÷e
krkvlgd÷e`lmlhbs.
sk tdrl`lmlhbs. Ol gugflrl
flgdl ltrìs gugflrlsäsä rkgbck
ltrìshk
hk rls plrlegls k
rlsplrlegls
gbetrbohk ol hdrkggd÷e. ulehb r l gugflrlflyl edgdlhb
ol pkektrlgd÷e e kr tkrrkeb,hkvukrvl ls pìrlegrd
b"
gbetrbohk ol hdrkggd÷e ol pbsdgd÷e kutrl. EB flcl flclcdcd R
rlr ls rukhls. Pkpdtlkstk gdgrb b ekgkslrdb
ekgkslrdbplrl
plrl ,'übuu,
o l nìqudel u e sukobsbodhb.

LlbvKPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk vukogb
Wd okvletl uel gugflrl sb`rkglrclhl, pukhk
prbhugdrsk ue lggdhketk. Wd sk pr÷humkrl kstl
sdtulgd÷e y ol nìqudel knpkzlrl l degodelrsk
pkodcrbslnketk flgdl hkdletk, fl`rdl qu k
`lmlr obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e DENKHDLdL-
NKEXK.
Wd eb sk gunpoke
prbhugdrsk kstls
nukrtks estruggdbeks,pukhke
estruggdbeks,
b crlvks pukhke
oksdbeks.

9-<<
9 - BZKPLGDBEKW K I[EGDBELNDKEXB

9-<0
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

. NLEXKEDNDKEXB
BPNLGDBE KEKPLO

Wkcurdhlhkekrlo
k ekrlo etks k o nletkedndketb
L pkugeb
¡Wdstknlprksurdzlhb
¡Wdstknl
Letks prksurdzlhb
hk trl`lmlr ke ko sdstknl fdhrìuodgb, kodndek sdknprk l prksd÷e. Wdcl ko prbcrlnl hk purcl hk
ol prksd÷e ke ko nbhb hk gbeidcurlgd÷e plrl kodndelr ol prksd÷e hko sdstknl fdhrìuodgb.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
K o oîqudhb fdhrìuodgb prksurdzlhb pukhk pkektrlr ke ol pdko y prbvbglr oksdbeks crlvks.
Ko îqudhb fdhrìuodgb kstì sbnktdhb l nugfl prksd÷e. Lpbyk l gugflrl b ko lggksbrdbgbrrkspbehdketk
lggksbrdb gbrrkspbehdketk
ke ko sukob. Lplcuk ko nbtbr, cdrk ol oolvk hk gbetlgtb y pbecl l plolegl hk gbetrbo fdhrìuodgbke
fdhrìuodgb ke su s
hdikrketks pbsdgdbeks vlrdls vkgks plrl hksprksurdzlr ko sdstknl.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks,pukhke
destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks tksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Ko oîqudhb fdhrìuodgb prksurdzlhb pukhk pkektrlr ke ol pdko y prbvbglr oksdbeks crlvks.
Ko dqudhb fdhrìuodgb kstì sbnktdhb l nugfl prksd÷e. Lpbyk ol gugflrl b ko lggksbrdbgbrrkspbehdketk
lggksbrdb gbrrkspbehdketk
ke ko sukob. Lplcuk ko nbtbr, cdrk ol oolvk hk gbetlgtb y pbecl ol plolegl h k gbetrbo fdhrìuodgb
fdhrìuodgbke
ke su s
hdikrketks pbsdgdbeks vlrdls vkgks plrl hksprksurdzlr ko sdstknl.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Wd eb sk utdodzl y sk nletdkek gbrrkgtlnketk kstl nìqudel, pukhke prbhugdrsk lggdhketks.
Wd eb gbnprkehk locýe prbgkhdndketb hk nletkedndketbb
nletkedndketbb huhl hk su fl`dodhlh plrl okvlrob
okvlrobll gl`b
gbrrkgtlnketk, vdsdtk su gbegksdbelrdb.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks,pukhke
destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Wd eb sk utdodzl y s k nletdkek gbrrkgtlnketk kstl nìqudel, pukhke prbhugdrsk lggdhketks.
gbrrkgtlnketkkstl
Wd fly locýehlübs
prbhugdrsk kqudpbb okvletlhbb
okvletlhb
ol nukhk.bLetks
s d ol nlqudelrdlsk
nlqudelrdl
hk ookvlr lsk nukvk
gl`b sde quklrkl
guloqudkr kstä hk
prksketk ue bpkrlhbr,pukhke
bpkrlhbr,
nletkedndketb,
nletkedndketb,flclpukhke
flcl ob sd -
cudketk= Lplrquk ol nìqudel sb`rk uel supkridgdk dsl y edvkolhl. @lmk ko l ggksbrdb lo sukob. Lplcuk
ko nbtbr y qudtk ol oolvk hko nbtbr hk lrrlequk. @obqukk l s brucls.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk lpolstlndketb
E b utdodgk obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e b obs lggksbrdbs plrl kokvlr ol nìqudel pbr rlzbeks hk nletked-
ndketb b rkplrlgd÷e. @obqukk lhkgulhlnketk l nìqudel, nlekrl quk qukhk `dke lpbylhl
nìqudel,hh k tlo nlekrlquk lpbylhlgb
gb e
ols gultrb rukhls pbr kegdnl hko sukob.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

3 <
 3 - NLEXKE^NDKEXB

LkbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk vukogb
Zrbgurk sdknprk lplrglr ol nìqudel sb`rk uel supkridgdk idrnk y edvkolhl. Kvdtk lplrglr ke ols pke'
hdketks. @obqukk ko nbvdndketb hk ols rukhls ke ln`ls hdrkggdbeks.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

r÷tuobshk skcurdhlh destruggdbeks k ol nì-

Okl obs r÷tuobshk
qudel. Okl ko nleulo
nleulohko nleulohk skcu-
hko bpkrlhbr ko nleulohk
rdhlh.Lskcýrksk
rdhlh.
nìqudelLskcýrksk
nìqudelletks k gbnprkehkr
hk knpkzlr
letkshk knpkzlrko o iuegdbelndketbk
iuegdbelndketb k l
ko nletkedndketb.
[tdodgk l rbpl hk skcurdhlh ko kqudplndketb k skcu-
rdhlh gbrrkgtbs. Lprkehl l utdodzlrko
utdodzlr ko adt hko kxtdetbrhk
kxtdetbr hk
degkehdbs hk prdnkrbs uxdodbs.
Obs prbcrlnls k nletkedndketb ou`rdglgd÷e k fle flehk
hk--
idedhb plrl ketbrebshk
ketbrebs y
hk trl`lmb gbehdgdbeks EBPNL-
gbehdgdbeksEBPNL-
OKW. Gbehdgdbeks k trl`lmby ketbrebs kxtrknbs kqudk-
ketbrebskxtrknbs
rkeue
rke ue nletkedndketb ue gudhlhbnìs
gudhlhbnìs rkguketks. ÷e-
gbetlgtbgbe ko gbegksdbelrdb d tdkek prkcuetls
clsk ke gbetlgtbgbe
sb`rk bs etkrvlobs k nletkedndketb obs rkqudsdtbs.
ookvlr l gl`b ko nletkedndketb k ol nìqudel,
Letks hk ookvlrl 72< 89<8 <

gbobqukuel
gbobquk uel ktdquktl be ko tkxtb EB ZBECLKE
ZBECL KE NLP-
GFL OL NÌ\[DEL < ) ke kotl`okrb k estrunketbsk
estrunketbs k e
ol oolvk hk gbetlgtb.

Lpbyb gbrrkgtb
Wd fly quk rklodzlr
hk uel nìqudel kokvlhl s¡e ekunìtdgbs
nletkedndketb ou`rdglgd÷e u k prk-
rklodzlrnletkedndketb
gdske l kokvlgd÷e k ol nìqudel, umktk `dke l nìqudel
umktk`dke
gbe `obquks letks hk rktdrlr ls rukhls ( sd
lhkgulhbsletks
`obqukslhkgulhbs
iukrl ekgkslrdb).
lstl`olshk plrkshk lprdktk
EBXL= Gbesuotk lstl`olshk hk obseku-
lprdktkhk obseku-
nleulo plrl b`tkekr obs vlobrks
nìtdgbs lo idelohk ksik nleuloplrl
hk plr.
47<::226: 0

3 0
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

' Zrbcrlnlk leìodsds k u`rdglgd÷e

Gbesuotkbe
Gbesuotk be su gbegksdbelrdb gkrgl hko prbcrlnlhk
D leìodsds
leìodsdskk ou`rdgletks..Nkhdletk
N khdletk stk skrvdgdb, k kxl-
ndele us u`rdgletks e ue ol`brltbrdb ehkpkehdketk.
dkek quk kxtrlkr uel nukstrl hk ou`rdgletkhk su
W÷ob dkekquk
nìqudel kevdlrol
kevdlrollo
lo ol`brltbrdbehkpkehdketk.
ol`brltbrdb ehkpkehdketk. [e l
vkz prbgkslhl l nukstrl, ko ol`brltbrdbsk
ol`brltbrdbsk pbehrì ke
gbetlgtb be ustkh y ok lgbeskmlrì
lgbeskmlrìsb`rk
sb`rk obs rkqudsdtbs
hk
hknletkedndketb.
nletkedndketb. prbcrlnl
pukhk yuhlrok nletkekr
e k leìodsds
o tdknpbhk
tdknpb k u`rdgletk
hk iuegdbelndketb
hk su kqudplndketby
kqudplndketb y prbpbr,gdbelrok e skrvdgdb quk qu k
pukhk kpbrtlr `kekidgdbs gulehb ekgksdtk flgkr ue
gln`db br btrb koknketb
koknketbhkhk kqudplndketb Ko detkrvlob
hk gln`dbhk
gln`dbhk lgkdtk hk nbtbr ebrnlo sk dehdgl ke ol
tl`olhk
tl`ol hk nletkedndketb. Ols gbehdgdbeks k skrvdgdb,
ol glodhlh
glodhlhhko
hko lgkdtk hko nbtbr y ko gbetkedhbhk
gbetkedhbhk lzuirk
hko
hkogbn`ustd`ok
gbn`ustd`ok ukhk gln`dlr kstk detkrvlob. Wk rkgb-
ndkehl tdodzlr ue prbcrlnl h k leìodsds
tdodzlrue leìodsdshk
hk ou`rdgletk.
Gbesuotk o gbegksdbelrdb.

Zdkzls k poìstdgb rks¡el

Kvdtk tdodzlr lsbodel,
lsbodel,qukrbskeb,
qukrbskeb, dsbovketk k pdeturl,
ktg.,lo odnpdlrvketlels
ktg.,lo odnpdlrvketlels h k poìstdgb, l gbesbol, ko t l-
`okrbhk
`okrb
odgk hk destrunketbs,
odgkW×OB o nbedtbr,
lcul, l`÷e sulvk
W×OBlcul, ehdglhbrks,
y ue plüb tg. [td-
sulvk plrl dn -
pdlrkstbs
kstbsgbnpbeketks.
gbnpbeketks.Ko usb hk clsbodel, ukrbskeb,
hdsbovketk k pdeturl, ktg., pukhk gluslr hkgbobrlgd÷e,
crdktlsb hkibrnlgdbekshk ols pdkzls quk sk kstìe dn-
dn -
pdlehb.

Kgbobcl y nkhdbln`dketk
Kgbobcl
Letks hk rklodzlrko nletkedndketb k kstl nìqudely
nìqudely
hkskgflr o lgkdtk, îqudhbs ou`rdgletks, dkesk dknprk
ke ko nkhdb ln`dketk. Eb hkmk glkr lgkdtk b oîqudhbs
lo sukob e d obs detrbhuzgl e gbetkekhbrks uk pukhle
gbetkekr ucls. Wbodgdtk
Wbodgdtkke
ke ko gketrbhk
gketrb hk rkgdgolmk nkhdb
ln`dketk bglo
bglobb ke su gbegksdbelrdb
gbegksdbelrdbeibrnlgd÷e
eibrnlgd÷e b`rk
ol gbrrkgtl odndelgd÷e.

3 7
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Degodelgd÷ekk o gbnplrtdnketbk o bpkrlhbr lgdl koletk

Degodelgd÷e
Zlrl dmlr obs `rlzbs h k trl`lmb lrrd`l k destlolr ol vlrdool hk sbpbrtk hko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e
nìqudels hk kokvlgd÷e lhdlo
ke nìqudelshk
L pkugPb
Zkodcrb hk lpolstlndketb
Obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e hko glrclhbr qukhle sde lpbyb hurletk ko hksnbetlmk hk ol vlrdool. Eb ketrk
lo gbnplrtdnketb hko bpkrlhbr ed slocl hk äo sde quk obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e hko glrclhbr kstäe `dke
lonlgkelndketbsk ekgksdtle hbs pkrsbels. [el pkrsbel hk`krì
sumktbs. Zlrl ko lonlgkelndketbsk hksnbetlr y lonl-
hk`krìhksnbetlr
gkelr ol vlrdool,
Wd eb sk gunpoke ndketrls ko bpkrlhbr pkrnlekgk
kstls de;truggdbeks, ke su gbnplrtdnketb.
pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgrL
Zkodcrb hk lpolstlndketb
Wd vl l rkv dslr ol nìqudel gbe obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e hko glrclhbr okvletlhbs, utdodgk sdknprk ol
vlrdool hk lpbyb. Pktdrk ko plslhbr hk rktkegd÷e y gbobquk ol vlrdool hk lpbyb ke ol `lrrl hko gdodehrb.
Gbobquk ko plslhbr hk rktkegd÷eke
rktkegd÷e ke ol vlrdool hk lpbyb. @lmk bs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷esb`rk
kokvlgd÷e sb`rk ol vlrdool
hk lpbyb.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks,pukhke
destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

<. Pktdrk uloqudkr ggksbrdb.

0. Kstlgdbek l nìqudel
nìqudelke supkridgdk drnk y ed -
ke uel supkridgdkdrnk
vkolhl.

7. Gbesuotk o r÷tuob
r÷tuobhk
hk destruggdbeks e ko detkrdbr ko
`rlzbhk
`rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e krkgfb, ustb kegdnl
kegdnlhk hk ol vl-
rdoolhko
rdool hko sbpbrtk. Okl y lprkehl
lprkehlkstls
kstls estruggdbeks
letkshk
letks hk rklodzlr kstk prbgkhdndketb.
rklodzlrkstk
8. Pktdrk l crlpl h k rktkegd÷e <) quk sumktl l vlrdool
hko sbpbrtk
sbpbrtkhko
hko `rlzbhk
`rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e.

;. Hkmk ko sbpbrtk <) l`lmb ke obs tu`bs y ko gdodehrb

hko `rlzb
`rlzbhk
hk kokvlgd÷e, bnb
bnbsksk nukstrl.
Doo---"---

i_ g-¡
r1 )-*.-=*

3-8
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

tk ketlnketkbs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷eflstl

kokvlgd÷eflstl
o sbpbrtk hk lpbyb gldcl sb`rk ko gdodehrb,
sk nukstrl.
sknukstrl.
t=, ,
l crlpl hk rktkegd÷e <) plrl dmlr l vlrdool
$dGbobquk
seebrtk loo kdodegorb
ddhkosbpbrtk
riroloseebrtk
rirolo gdodehrbgokoko`rlzb
ko `rlzb
f,rlzb hkk kokvlgd÷e. ul-
gokvled÷e Wul-
.-vknketk, lmk bs`rlzbs
bs `rlzbs k kokvlgd÷e lstl uk l
kokvlgd÷elstl
vlrdool ko sbpbrtk
sbpbrtkkstä
kstä ke gbetlgtbgbe
gbetlgtbgbe ko gdodehrb.
idob k
1täe Zlrl bobglr l vlrdool
vlrdoolhk
hk sbpbrtk
sbpbrtkke
ke su lobmlndketb
rÿ/ s kekgksdtle
ekgksdtlebs bs pkrsbels. Ko bpkrlhbr HK@K pkr-
bpkrlhbrHK@K
nlekgkr e su lsdketb
lsdketbhurletk
hurletkkstk
kstk prbgkhdndketb
Okvletk o `rlzb
`rlzbhk trl`lmbhk ol vlrdool. ehdquk
hk trl`lmbhk ehdqukll
ol
olbtrl vlrdoolke pbsdgd÷ehk
btrlpkrsbel uk gbobquk l vlrdoolke
rkgbcdhl utdodgk l crlpl hk rktkegdbe <). [el
rktkegdbe<). [elvv kz 47<:96;88 7

quk l btrl pkrsbelsk flyl rktdrlhb, ukhk `lmlrsk

ko `rlzb
`rlzbhk
hk trl`lmb.
oZi₯ i8,,,
Îehrb,,, lskcurlr b s `rlzbs hk trl`lmb k ¡estlolr ko plslhbr hk `obqukb hko sbpbrtk ke nìqu¡-
¡estlolrko
²lrdiil ., hk kokvlgd÷e vkrtdglo.
Lprugeb
Zkodcrbhk lpolstlndketb
Zkodcrbhk
Wd eb sk lgbpol ko plslhbr hk lpbyb hko `rlzb hko glrclhbr, ko `rlzb hko glrclhbr pukhk hksp
hk brnl dekspkrlhl. Gbnpruk`k quk ko plslhbr hk lpbyb hko `rlzb hko glrclhbr kstì lgbpolhb.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

Cdrlehbl plolegl k `obqukbhko `rlzbhh k kokvlgd÷e <)

`obqukbhko `rlzb
kxtkehkrìe bs plsl-
flgdl o detkrdbr k ol nìqudel, k kxtkehkrìebs
hbrks obs `rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e
`rlzbshk sk @OB\[KLPLE.
kokvlgd÷esk
P ktdrkko lggksbrdb letks hk okvletlr obs `rlzbs
LYDWB=Pktdrkko
kokvlgd÷ehko glrclhbr y `obquklr ko `rlzb hk kokvl-
hkkokvlgd÷ehko
ke ol pbsdgd÷e "[Z".
gd÷eke
gd÷e
ploleglhk `obqukb nkgìedgb ---_K--
Ol
Olplolegl hko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e
`obqukbhko kokvlgd÷enkgìedgb
(<) k keguketrl e ko olhb zqudkrhb ko lsdketb ko bpk- T}
C drlehb l ploleglflgdl
rlhbr.Cdrlehb ko olhb
flgdlko kxtkrdbr k ol nì-
olhbkxtkrdbr
qudel kpodkcl bs plslhbrkshk sbpbrtky ko `rlzbhk
`rlzbhk kok-
vlgd÷e k HKW@OBB[KLPÌ.
LYDWB= Gbesuotk ko r÷tuob hk destruggobeks (0) sdtulhb
gkrgl hk ol plolegl hk `obqukb hko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e
nkgìedgb.

3 ;
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Zlrl kvletlr ko ` rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e

<. guloqudkr ggksbrdb.

Pktdrkguloqudkr
Pktdrk
0. Ndketrls kstì sketlhb ke ko lsdketb hko bpkrlhbr
gbe ko gdetur÷e k skcurdhlh `rb gflhb ko nbtbr
ke nlrgfl,cdrk ko lgbpolhbr bhb ob pbsd`okflgdl
ltrìs. _ v-r-{
r
..
7. Lgtdvk ko gbetrbohko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷eplrl kvle-
gbetrbohko `rlzbhk Eo5=m

tlr ko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e b suidgdketkplrl pkrndtdr

quk obs plslhbrks
plslhbrkshko
hko sbpbrtkhko
sbpbrtkhko `rlzb hk kokvl-
gd÷e (7) sk kxtdkehl flgîl ukrlhk`lmb
kxtdkehlflgîl hk ol lrtdgu-
ukrl hk`lmbhk
olgd÷ehko
olgd÷e `rlzbhk kokvlgd÷e eikrdbr 8). Cdrk l pl -
hko `rlzbhk
oleglhk
olegl hk `obqukbhko
`obqukbhko `rlzbhk
`rlzb hk kokvlgd÷enkgìedgb
kokvlgd÷enkgìedgb
flgdlko
flgdl ko lsdketb ko bpkrlhbr hkrkgfl) lrl kxtke-
hkr obs plslhbrkshk `obqukbhko
`obqukbhko `rlzb hk kokvl-
gd÷e.
8. @lmk oketlnketkko
oketlnketkko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e flstl qu k
kokvlgd÷eflstl
lrtdguolgdbekseikrdbrks 8) hksgleske b`rk bs
ols lrtdguolgdbekseikrdbrks
plslhbrkshk sbpbrtkhko `rlzb hk kokvlgdbe 7) .
sbpbrtkhko `rlzbhk
EBXL= Kstbkvdtl
Kstbkvdtl hlübs hk ¡nplgtbs ¡ ko `ezb hk
lggdhketlonketk b`rk bs plslhbrks
kokvlgd÷eglklggdhketlonketk
kokvlgd÷eglk
y kodndel guloqudkr kpod
kpodkcuk
kcuk elhvküdhbhk obs pl-
elhvküdhbhk
slhbrks quk pukhl
pukhlprgvbglr
prgvbglr uelpärhdhlhk prbtkg-
g¡÷e.

Zlrl `lmlr ko ` rlzb hk kokvlgd÷e

<. Ndketrlskstì
Ndketrls kstì sketlhb ke ko lsdketb hko bpkrlhbr
gbe ko gdetur÷ehk
gdetur÷ehk skcurdhlh l`rbgflhby ko nbtbr
skcurdhlhl`rbgflhb
ke nlrgfl, kvletk
kvletkkoko `rlzb
`rlzbhk
hk kokvlgd÷e ) ob suid-
gdketk plrl hkspkmlr bs plslhbrkshk `obqukbhk
`obqukb hk o
hk kokvlgd÷e 7). Cdrk l ploleglhk `obqukb
`rlzbhk
`rlzb
hko `rlzb hk kokvlgd÷enkgìedgb
kokvlgd÷enkgìedgb kmbs hko lsdketb
(dzqudkrhl) lrk kpokclr
kpokclrbs bs plslhbrks k `obqukb.
0. @lmk ketlnketk o `rlzb
`rlzbhk kokvlgd÷eflstlquk bs
hk kokvlgd÷eflstl
`rlzbshk
`rlzbs hk kokvlgd÷e okcuke o sukob.

3 9
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

-o
D
Ko gbnplrtdnketbko bpkrlhbr k pukhk egodelr lgdl
Kogbnplrtdnketb hkoletk, lrllggksb
lgdlhkoletk, lggksbhk ÷obgbe bs `rlzbs k
hk skrvdgdb, ÷obgbe
kokvlgd÷ekvletlhbs.
k vletlhbs. gbetdeulgd÷ek lgdodtleestruggdbekslrllggkhkr o nbtbr, ols
gbetdeulgd÷ek lgdodtleestruggdbeks `bn`ls dhrbstìtdgls,
ols`bn`ls
obsnbtbrks
obs nbtbrks l o ls lrtdguolgdbeksk gbetrbo.

Zlrl egodelr l gl`del,lskcýrksk

gl`del,lskcýrkskhk hk fl`kr gbn-
poktlhb b s sdcudketks lsbs.
. Ol nìqudel k keguketrl b`rkuel
b`rkuelsupkridgdk
supkridgdk
idrnk edvkolhl.
. Obs `rlzbshk
`rlzbshk kokvlgd÷e stìe kvletlhbs be
ol vlrdoolhk sbpbrtk. ko plslhbrhk `obqukb
vlrdoolhk
ke ol pbsdgd÷ehk `obqukb.
0. oolvk h k 08 nn plrl rktdrlr ls
uel tbnl b oolvkh
[tdodgkuel
[tdodgk
ukrglshk rktkegd÷e
hbs ukrglshk PBZW rlskrls <) .
rktkegd÷ePBZW
ketrlhlhk ol gl`del cdrk
[tdodgk ls `lrlehdools k ketrlhlhk
ol gl`del hkoletk bnb sk nukstrl.
flgdlhkoletk
gl`delflgdl
8. Gbeidrnkquk ko tu`b hk `obqukb bmb (<) s k flyl
sb`rk l lrtdguolgd÷e drltbrdl.
`lmlhbsb`rk
`lmlhb
;. Zlrl vbovkr l gbobglr l gl`del y ko `rlzb hko glr-
clhbrkk e s u pbsdgd÷ehk trl`lmb, kvletk o tu`b hk
clhbr
`obqukb bmb sb`rk l lrtdguolgd÷e drltbrdl
drltbrdlhk
hk ol gl - 47<:3846 9
`delyy rklodgk o prbgkhdndketb ol devkrsl.
`del

47<:3844L 6
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Odnpdkzl k ol nìqudel
Wk rkgbndkehlnletkekr dnpdl bhl l nìqudel.nìqudel.Ol Ol utd-
odzlgd÷ehk
odzlgd÷e hk ol nìqudelke
nìqudelke lcul, `lrrb,
`lrrb,lpodglgdbeks
lpodglgdbeks k
gbnplgtlhb, dnpdkzl
dnpdkzlhk
hk tdkrrlb
tdkrrl b tlrkls brkstloks kquk-
rdrìe l odnpdkzl bnpoktl k ol nìqudel.
nìqudel.OlOl odnpdkzl
odnpdkzle-e-
gouykko
gouyk ko hksnbetlmk krd÷hdgbhk ols gu`dkrtls
gu`dkrtlshk
hk despkg-
gd÷e y hk ols prbtkggdbeks lrl pbhkr lggkhkr, dnpdlr
dnpdlryy
kodndelrll sugdkhlh obs rkstbs.
kodndelr rkstbs.Odnpdk
Odnpdk bhl l sugdkhlh
y obs b`mktbs
b`mktbskxtrlübs
kxtrlübske
ke ko ìrkl hko nbtbry lorkhkhbr k
tbhls ls pukrtls plekokshk lggk sb. Odnpdk bhbs bs
sdstknlshk
sdstknls hk rkirdckrlgd÷e
[el vkz gbnpoktlhl obs rlhdlhbrks.
l odnpdkzl, rdstlok bhls ls gu`dkr-
tls y prbtkggdbeks.
EB utdodgk l nìqudel d sk fle rktdrlhb
rktdrlhbll s gu`dkrtls ol s
prbtkggdbeks.
LYDWB= Lo olvlr ol nìqudel, EB hdrdml ko gfbrrb hk lcul
l gbnpbekeiks koägtrdgbs b kokgtr÷edgbs, gbemuetbs u brd-
idgdbs. Ol ketrlhl
ketrlhlhk
hk lcul pukhk gluslr
gluslrlvkrîls
lvkrîls b ilotbs
ke tbhb k/ sdsiknl kokgtr÷edgb.
EBXL= Kvdtk ko olvlhb hdrkgtb hk /bs gbnpbekeiks k/äg- -i='

trrgbshko
trrgbs hko detkrdbrgbnb
detkrdbr gbnb kotl`okrb hk destrunkeibs. bs e- 3

tkrruptbrks, Dl rlhdb y obs lotlvbgks I

it'
$.
Dlo
I
d.;<
{

3 6
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Hksnbetlmkodnpd z lh k vketlels.
EbrL= ¡Eb etketk ln`dlrl pbsdgd×ek l vketlel
sîe tbquklr k`dhlnketkt pkstdttbk tl vketlel
Ksnuydnpbrtletkquk|lsvketlelskstäe|dnpdls,
hkspkmlhlsvdsd`oks. els ketlels ugdls ukhk
rkhugdrl vdsd`drdhlhkr
krbpkrlhbr.
bpkrlhbr. dcl rls esdrugg¡beks
quk.sklgdodtle lrl ktdrlr ls
lsvketlüls
vketlülsltkrltksìr
odnpdlrols. ìrll
<' Liobmk bs nlehbs hk lgbprkke ln`bs kxtrknbs
hk
dole )vketlel,
. lstlquk
lstl quk rktrbgkhle ebs i W .RdB.W

Wd ol uedhlh kstì kqudplhl gbe uel `lrrl deikrdbr,

hk`k kstlr ke rl pbsdgd÷ehk skrvdgdb
skrvdgdbplrl
plrl rktdrlr ì
vketlel. Degodek l plrtk supkrdbr hk ol plrtk nì s
hkoletkrl hk ol vketlel, flgdl ko detkrdbd hk ibrnl
quk pukhl okvletlrsk y slglrsk plrl pbhkr odn-
pdlrolhk`dhlnketk.

3 4
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

8.

;.

9. Gbe s÷ob ol vketlel deikrdbr gbobglhl, tln`däe

pukhk lclrrlrsk rktdrlrsk
rktdrlrskplrl
plrl dnpdlrol brrkgtl-
nketk.

¡EB gln`dk l pbsdgd÷ehk ol vketlel sde `obquklrhk -

`dhlnketk opkstdoobhk ol vketlel [e usb elhkgulhb
ZPBYBGLPÌue hksclstk pr"r"durb.

Zlrl estlolrls k.etlelskspuäs

rklodgk stk
stkprbgkhdndketb
prbgkhdndketboì
oì evkrsl.
k fl`krrlsdnpdlhb,

3-<:
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Nbetlmk hksnbetlmkk ol pukrtl k l gl`del

urletkko prbgksb k kxtrlggd÷e, beskruk
LYXWB= urletkko bhbs bs supoknkeibsk
beskrukbhbs `dslcrlhk ol pukrtlke ue ouclr-
supoknkeibsk ol `dslcrlhk
skcurb. bs
bssup/k be ekgks rdbs lrl ue lmustk brrkgtb ol fbrlhk
nketbs beekgks
sup/knketbs destlolrll gbnpukrdlnìs
fbrlhk destlolr lhkoìeDk
nìslhkoìeDk
<. L`rdr l pukrtl.
0. Hksgbekgtk o tu`b okxd`ok ko lvlplrl`rdsls<) .
7. Hksgbekgtk o nlzb h k gl`oks 0) .

8. Kegfuik
Kegfuikk
`oks 0 ) . k o gbekgtbr
gbekgtbrhko
hko puketk
puketkke
ke ko nlzb hk gl'

EBXL= Ko gbekgtbr hko puketk sk keguketrl ke ko

gbnpl¡Xdnketb ko nleulo hko bpkrlhbr.

47<:964; <

;. Okvletk ls `dslcrls 7) .
EBXL= oevdkül kstk prbgkhdndketb plrl destlolr ol pukitl
hk ol gl`del.

3-<<
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Nbetlmk hksnbetlmk k o l pukrtl k o l gl`del

LYtsb=Hurletkktprbgksbhkkxtrlggd÷e'gbeskru4t<db," b-<
hk2===ot2=====)='
2===ot2=====)='U'===|",='="ir'
U'===|",='="ir'="e="Î=r'
estltlrìgbnpukrrl ìs hktletk
="e="Î=r' bdd"',drX
==²=,2,= ====="r,==1======"1",'1=1==1111"pMd"'',d'ìdu111111'td]t,
<. L`rdr l Zukrtl.
0. Hksgbekgtk o tu`b okxd`ok ko lvlplrl`rdsls<) .
7. Hksgbekgtk o nlzb hk gl`oks 0) '
8. Kegfuikko gbekgtbrhko puketk ke ko nlzb hk gl -
puketkke
`oks (0).
EBXL=Kt
EBXL= Kt gbekgtbr
gbekgtbrhko
hko pukeik sk keguketrl
keguketrlke
ke ko
. gbnplrtdnketbhko nleulo hko bpkrlhbr'

;. Okvletk ls `dslcrls 7) '

EBXL= evdkrtlkstkprbgkhdndketbplrl destlolr l pukrtl
hk l gl`del.

3 -<<
 3 . NLEXKEXNDKEXB

Wkcurdhlhk l `ltkrîl=gbnprb`lgd÷eodnpdkzl
LkbvKPXKEgtL
Ko ìgdhb hk l `ltkrdl rbhugk uknlhurls. l s `ltkrîls betdkeke gdhb gdhbsuoiýrdgb.
suoiýrdgb.
Obs kokgtrbodtbshk ol `ltkrîl betdkeke
betdkekeìgdhb
ìgdhbsuoiýrdgb.
suoiýrdgb. Ko gbetlgtbgbe ol pdko b obs bmbs pukhk
pukhkprb-
prb-
vbglr drrdtlgdbeks
drrdtlgdbekscrlvks
crlvks y quknlhurls.[tdodgk
[tdodgksdknprk clilsl pruk`lhk slopdglhurls rbpl hk
sdknprkclils
prbtkggd÷e culetks hkoletlo). ìvksk ls nlebs
nlebshkdpuäd
hkdpuäd hk nledpuolrols.
Wd eb sk gunpokekstls estruggdbeks, ukhke
ukhkeprbhugddsk
prbhugddsknukrtks
nukrtksbb crlvks ksdbeks.
w:t0:l

LlbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb=
Zkodcrb=prbhugtbs
prbhugtbs quîndgbs
Ookvk sdknprk bpl y clils hk prbtkggd÷elo odnpdlr gbe hdsbovketks, gdhbs
gdhbsbb prbhugtbsquîndgbs
loglodebs.Pkspktk dknprk ls estruggdbeks ko l`rdgletk k hdgfbsprbhugtbs
hdgfbsprbhugtbs udndgbs.
Wd eb sk gunpokekstls estruggdbeks, ukhke
ukhkeprbhugdrsk
prbhugdrsknukrtksb crlvks ksdbeks.
w:<6:8

LebvkPXKEgtL
¡Cls kxpobsdvb
Ols `ltkrîls kndtke fdhr÷ckeb kxpobsdvb y btrbs clsks ndketrls sk glrcle. Yketdok ol zbel ke ol quk qu k
sk kstä glrclehb ol `ltkrîl. Nletkecl ol `ltkrîl lokdlhl hk gfdspls, tolnìs y btrls iuketks hk dcedgd÷e.
- E b glrcuk euegl uel `ltkrîl gbeckolhl.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
¡Ko cls hk ol `ltkrdl pukhk kxpobtlr
Zlrl kvdtlr uel kxpobsd÷e= <. Hksgbekgtk sdknprk ko gl`ok ekcltdvb (-) hk ol `ltkrîl ke prdnkr ouclr.
`ltkrîlke
0- Cbekgtk sdknprk ko gl`ok pbsdtdvb (-) hk ol `ltkrîl ke ýotdnb ouclr. 7. Eb gbrtbgdrgudtk obs `breks
hk ols `ltkrîls gbe koknketbs nktìodgbs. 8. Eb rklodgk sbohlhurls-,
sbohlhurls-,ed
ed ksnkrdok, ed iunk gkrgl hk uel
ue l
`ltkrdl.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LebvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb hk hksglrcl koägtrdgl
Letks hk trl`ldlr gbe guloqudkr gbnpbeketk koägtrdgb, hksgbekgtk ko gl`ok hk nlsl hk ol `ltkrdl.
Letks hk gbekgtlr ko gl`ok, hk`k fl`kr tkrndelhb hk trl`lmlr gbe obs gbnpbeketks koägtrdgbs.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

L kbvkPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk kxpobsd÷e
Gulehb ko kokgtrbodtb hk ol `ltkrdl kstì gbeckolhb, ol `ltkrîl pukhk kxpobtlr sd sk detketl glrclr ol
`ltkrdl b lrrleglr ko nbtbr. Wdknprk fly quk nletkekr tls `ltkrîls l pdkel glrcl plrl kvdtlr quk ko
kokgtrbodtb hk ol `ltkrîl sk gbeckok. Eb glrcuk euegl uel `ltkrîl gbeckolhl.
W eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

LlbvkPXKEgtL
¡Zkodcrb h k hksglrcl koägtrdgl
Eb devdkrtl obs tkrndeloks hk ol `ltkrîl. Gbekgtk obs kxtrknbs hko gl`ok pbsdtdvb l obs tkrndeloks
pbsdtdvbs (+) y obs kxtrknbs hko gl`ok ekcltdvb l obs tkrndeloks ekcltdvbs (-).
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destrugg dbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

D
d

$
3-<0
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

LebvrPXKEgrL
Ko ìgdhb hk o l `ltkrîl prbhugk quknlhurls. Ols `ltkrîlsgbetdkeke
`ltkrîlsgbetdkeke ìgdhb suoiýrdgb.
Kvdtk ko gbetlgtb gbe ol pdko, obs bmbs b ol rbpl. Letîhbtb (kxtkreb)= olvk gbe l`uehletk lcul. Letîhbtb
(bmbs)= lvk gbe l`u ehletklcul
ehletklcul hurletk <; ndeutbs y gbesdcl lsdstkegdl
lsdstkegdlnähdgl enkhdltlnketk.Le -
nähdgl enkhdltlnketk.Le
tdhbtb (detkreb)= `k`l crlehks gletdhlhks hk lcul b okgfk. Eb prbvbquk k o v÷ndtb. @usquk ltkegd÷e
nähdgl hk denkhdltb.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks,
destruggdbeks,pukhke

LebvkPXKEgrL
¡Zrbhugtbs quîndgbs pkodcrbsbs
Obs kokgtrbodtbs hk ol `ltkrdl gbetdkeke ìgdhb suoiýrdgb. Ko gbetlgtb gbe ol pdko b obs bmbs pukhk prb-
vbglr drrdtlgdbeks crlvks y quknlhurls . [tdodgk sdknprk clils l pruk`l hk slopdglhurlsy
slopdglhurls y rbpl hk
prbtkggd÷e (culetks y hkoletlo). Oìvksk ls nlebs hkspuäs hk nledpu olrols.
Wd eb sk gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks.

Gbnpruk`k k l ibrnl kqukrdhl d fly flygbrrbsd÷e

gbrrbsd÷e br sugdkhlh hlübs
hlübske
ke l `ltkrîl.Ol `ltkrîl ukhkhksglrclrsk
`ltkrîl.Ol
sdkstì fýnkhlbb obskokgtrbodtbs
sdkstìfýnkhl obs kokgtrbodtbs stìe
stìesugdbs.
sugdbs.Odnpdk
Odnpdk l `ltkrîl tdodzlehb dglr`beltb lnbeîlgb lgolrk
lgolrkkoRkxtkrdbr
koRkxtkrdbr
hk l `ltkrîl be lcul. Zuovkrdgk
Zuovkrdgkbsbs krndeloks k ol `ltkrdl b e prbtkgtbr k krndeloks k `ltkrîl.EB
`ltkrîl.EB utdodgk rlsl.

3-<7
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Kxtdetbr k degkehdbs
Wk rkgbndkehl kekr
kekrue ue kxtdetbr k degkehdbs e su n ì- LYXWB= lrl l despkggd÷e nletkedndketbko kxtdetbr
qudel. Gbesuotklo gbegksdbelrdb lrl gbebgkrko tdpb y hk degkehdbs, besuotk l rkgbnkehlgd×eko il`rdgletk,
degkehdbs,besuotk
b`tkekr eibrnlgd÷ehk nbetlmk. kxtdetbrhk degkehdbs.
gbobglhlke ko kxtdetbrhk
LYXWB= Mtdtdgk ko adt hk nbetldk hko kxtdetbr hk degkehdb
ilgdtdtlhb br kt gbegksdbelrdb.EbEb rklodgk edecuel nbhd-
rklodgkedecuel
idglgd÷e ke ol kstrugturl hk PBZW b IBZW.

3-<8
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Gbn`ustd`okdbhdksko
Gbn`ustd`okdbhdksko
Ko `dbhdäskob nktdo kstkr prbvkedketk k obs ìgdhbs crl- nketbshkoidotrbhko
nketbshkoidotrb hko nbtbr
nbtbrgbegbe nìs rkgukegdl uk gbe ko
sbs gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko) stì brnlhbpbr uel lndodl gbn`ustd`ok dksko. Ko gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko ukhkkodnd-
dksko.Ko
hk gbn`ustd`oks krdvlhbs
krdvlhbshk lgkdtksvkcktloks rltlhbs
hk lgkdtksvkcktloks elr ko ÷xdhb y ols plrtîguols ko detkrdbr k hkpbsdtbs k
ästkrkshk nktdob.
gbe ästkrkshk lonlgkelndketbkk gbn`ustd`ok e ls estlolgdbeks uk
lonlgkelndketb
ebrnlonketk k lhfkrdrîle e obs ltkrloks ko hkp÷sdtb.
LYDWB=K/
LYDWB= K/ usb hk nkzgols hk gbn`ustd`ok `dbhdäsko fl
`dbhdäskofl bs hkp÷sdtbs k plrtîguols uk sukokeprbhu-
Lo dculoquk bshkp÷sdtbs
sdhb lprb`lhb plrl su nbtbr s÷/b sd gunpok ols kspkgdi'- gdrskgbe
gdrsk däsko,kstls plrtîguols ukhke
gbe ko gbn`ustd`ok däsko,kstls )
glgdbeks k ols
olsebrnls 6E<80<8b LWXN H93;<.
ebrnls 6E<80<8b qukhlrltrlplhls e obs dotrbshk
dotrbshk gbn`ustd`ok k ol nì-
qudelyy gluslr
qudel ko `obqukb ko lgbitlndketb k ol vdhlýtdo
gluslrko vdhl ýtdo 1
LYDWB= Ks b`odcltbrdb gbnprb`lr quk ol nkzgol hk `db-
hdäskoks
hdäsko ks NLeDNDMN
NLeDNDMNrr 60:. Xkekrke
Xkekr ke guketl quk ko usb hko idotrb.L
idotrb.L `lmls knpkrlturls, ly nìs prb`l`dodhlhks
gbn`ustd`ok `dbhdäsko quk eb gunpol ols ebrnls
hk ue gbn`ustd`ok`dbhdäsko hk quk kstb
kstbbgurrl. Gbesuotk o gbegksdbelrdb lrlb`tk-
bgurrl.Gbesuotk
nkegdbelhls letkrdbrnketk pbhrîl hkrdvlr ke hlübs crl- ekr eibrnlgd÷e b`rkb`rkkoko iuegdbelndketb `lml knpkrl-
vks l/ nbtbr y l/ sdsiknl gbn`usir`ok k su nìqudel.
sdsiknl hk gbn`usir`ok turlyy obs etkrvlobs k nletkedndketb
turl nletkedndketbhkgulhbs
hkgulhbs ulehb
gbn`usio`okseb lprb`lhbspbhrîl leuolr l gb-
K/ usb hk gbn`usio`okseb s k utdodzl uloqudkrnkzgolhk
n kzgolhk gbn`ustd`ok dbhdksko.
`krturl hk ol clrletîl.
Gulehb sk nledpuol
nledpuolgbn`ustd`ok
gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko, k hk`k
tkekr gudhlhb plrl quk e b ketrk lcul ke ko sundedstrb
gudhlhbplrl
Gbehdgdbekshk usb hko gbn`ustd`ok
Gbehdgdbekshk `dbhdä-
gbn`ustd`ok`dbhdä- hk gbn`ustd`ok. Ke rklodhlh,ko
rklodhlh,ko gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko
sko ltrlkrì l funkhlh k ol ltn÷sikrl.
LYDWB= Ko gbn`ustd`ok `dbhdäsko hk`k rkuedr /ls kspkgd-
Ks ekgkslrdbnletkekr
ekgkslrdbnletkekr bs hkp÷sdtbshk
hkp÷sdtbshk gbn`ustd
idglgdbeks hk gbn`ustd`ok nkegdbelhls nìs lrrd`l. ookebsgbnb
ookebsgbnbsklskl pbsd`ok
pbsd`okplrl
plrl dndtlr l gletdhlh k ldrky
ldrk y
k`kgbnprlrsk u e prbvkkhbr
Ko gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko k`kgbnprlrsk hk vlpbrks
vlpbrkshkhk lcul ke su detkrdbr.Zukhk
detkrdbr. quk
Zukhkquk flyl qu k
idl`ok quk gbnprkehl o prbhugtb nletkecl
nletkeclue
ue gbn- hrkelrko
hrkelr ko crdib hk lcul hko
lculhko dotrb
dotrbhk
hk gbn`ustd`ok be nìs
hk `ukel glodhlh. Ko prbvkkhbr k`krì nkz- irkgukegdl.
`ustd`ikhk
`ustd`ik
golr
golrprkvdlnketk
prkvdlnketk
gbn`ustd`ok o gbn`ustd`ok
dbhdäsko dbhdäsko. bhrîl
e ols est lolgdbeks l nkzgol
nkzgolhk
hk o Ol pbsd`ok
hkrdvlr pbsd`okbxdhlgd÷e
bxdhlgd÷e ol kstl`dodhlh bhrîle upbekr
upbekrue
ue
prb`oknl b e ko gbn`ustd`ok onlgkelhb e ol nìqudel.
ke uel nhzgol egbrrkgtl uk pbhrîlprbhugdr
pbhrîlprbhugdrprb`oknls
prb`oknls
tletb ke ko nbtbr
nbtbrgbnb
gbnb ke ko sdstknlhk
sdstknlhk gbn`ustd`ok. LYDWB= Ols nìcudels eb hk`ke lonlgkelrsk hurletk
nìs hk irks nksks gbe nkzgols hk gbn`usir`ok`dbhdäsko
gbn`usir`ok`dbhdäsko
Ko rkehdndketb hko nbtbr sk vk likgtlhb pbr ko usb hko ke kosdsiknl hk gbn`ustd`ok.
rkehdndketbhko
gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko. Zbhrîl prbhugdrsk el hdsndeu- o
gd÷e hk flstl <0 b/bkeol pbtkegdlb ke ko plr ke iuegd÷e Wd hk`kelonlgkelrsk
hk`ke lonlgkelrsk urletkpkrdbhbs rbobeclhbs k
hk ol nkzgolutdodzlhl.
nkzgolutdodzlhl. tdknpb,ko
tdknpb,ko nbtbrhk`krì
nbtbrhk`krì uegdbelr be gbn`ustd`ok däsko
hurletk : fbrlsplrlkxtrlkr o gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko ko
LYDW\= EB nbhdidglr Dl gbeidcurlgd÷e hk ol deykggd÷e b sdstknl
sdstknlhk
hk gbn`ustd`ok ko nbtbrletks
nbtbrletkshk
hk su lonlgkel-
hko nbtbr plrl rkgupkrlr ol rkhuggd÷e hk pbtkegdl. ndketb.
Wk hk`klsundr
hk`k lsundruel
uel rkhuggd÷e k ol pbtkegdl d s k utdodzl LYDWB= Ko gbn`usir`ok
gbn`usir`ok`dbhdäsko
`dbhdäskoeb
eb hk`k lonlgkelrsk
guloqudkrnkzgol
guloqudkrnkzgolhk
hk gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko. ke hkp÷sdtbs k lonlgkelndketb e ols estlolgdbeks u-
rletk nìs hk 7 nksks.
Ks pbsd`ok
pbsd`okquk
quk flyl quk rklodzlr
rklodzlrlocuel
locuel nbhdidglgd÷e
plrl qukGbesuotk
hdäsko. ko nbtbr
nbtbrpukhl
lopukhl
Gbesuotklo uegdbelr be
gbegksdbelrdb lrlgbn`ustd`ok
b`tkekr bhldbol- pdlrsk
Guloqudkr krrlnkhk gbn`ustd`ok
krrlnkhk
enkhdltlnketk etkshk
etks hk qukdbhdäsko
prbhuzglk`krì
hlübdn
lo --
deibrnlgd÷e kgkslrdl plrl
kgkslrdlplrl l rklodzlgd÷e k kstls nbhd- cueb lo nkhdb ln`dketk
ln`dketkyy lo lgl`lhb
lgl`lhbhkhk pdeturlhk ol
idglgdbeks. nìqudel.
Kogbn`ustd`ok dbhdäskotdkek e puetbhk ketur`lndketb Letks hk utdodzlrnkzgols
utdodzlrnkzgolshk
hk gbn`ustd`ok dbhdäsko
dbhdäskohk
hk -
supkrdbr o gbn`ustd`ok däsko. `krìgbesuotlr
`krì gbesuotlr su gbegksdbelrdb lrl kgd`dr bhl l de -
ibrnlgd÷eekgkslrdl
ibrnlgd÷e ekgkslrdl b`rk l nkzgollprb`lhl
nkzgollprb`lhlplrlplrl su
LYDWB1 Eb sk rkgbndkehl k/ usb gbe nkzgols k/kylhls
nìqudel ols gbehdgdbeks ktloolhls k usb.
hko gbn`ustd`ok `dbhdäsko
`dbhdäskogbe
gbe tdknpb irîb.
LYDWB= Xkecl ke guketl quk ol ilotl hk gunpodndketb
Gbe bsgbn`ustd`oks
bs gbn`ustd`oks dbhdäsko, udzìsflylquk gln`dlr hk ksibs rkqudsdibsy
rkqudsdibsy gbehdgdbeks
gbehdgdbekshk
hk usbhko
usb hko gbn`ustd`ok
ko lgkdtk
lgkdtkhko
hko nbtbr,
nbtbr,ko
ko idotrbhko
idotrb hko lgkdtkhko nbtbr y obs kok- `dbhdkskoleuolrì
lgkdtkhko nbtbry l euolrì l gb`krturlhk clrletîlhk su nìqudel.
gb`krturlhk

3-<;
k- R=.9

3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Gbetlhbr brlrdb k o nbtbr

P k l o d g k k |nl e tk e d nd k e tb h k o l nì q u d e l k e o bnletk-
s .d e tk r v l |b s
ìe rr. u`dglgdbeìs uk s k dehdgleke ko gulhrb
v k su
üdndketby ou`rdglg¡Be' t rklodzlr o nletkedndketb
rloudel,'utdodgk sbob u`rdgletks k crle glodhlh'
<
Ko gbetlhbr hk do11> h"o nbtbr (<)fukstrl KD prdnkr
hk fbrls rkloks Mk iuegdbelndketbhko nbtbr'
ol gletdhlh
@/k/$/ÿQ
hk fbrl y ko
eýnkrb hk ol bktkgeì nukstrl ls hägdnlsfbrls' [tdodgk
rkstb hk hdcdtbsB" o" dzqudkrhlnukstrl ls gulhrb hk ou- ou -
ko
ko gbetlhb, ebrurdb BM d"qtbr muetb gbe nletkedndketb
`rdglgd×e nletkedndketb'pll rklodzlr o
ì" , u nìqudell detkrvlobs hkgulhbs'
hk gbetlgtbke
Ols fbrls hk nbtbr lplrkgkegbe ol oolvk k o bpkrlhbr
sd
ol pbsdgd×e II b gbe ko nbtbr ke nlrgfl'
o b kodck.

"L/G"' Kt prbgkhd-
EBXL= Kttl`okrb letkrdbrnbstrlhb s
-n¡ketb
ks dcultplrl tl`tkrbs DG y KDG'

3-<9
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

ukhls ekunìtdgbs
Z rsd÷e hk obs eku.ndtdgbs plr
h pkreb y tukrgl hk ils ruklds hk lprdktk
Ol ndedglrclhbrl¡|lrìgbe h¡idguotlh
brrkgtl.'-ulehbksust¡tuyl obs ekunìtdgbs k hksqlst
" mMo"o#MM=1ii==="=2oRXì."
hksslstlhbhlüìhb' Ipdhc
hlüìhb' kpukstb d ebsknletdkek
sk nletdkeklprks¡÷e
n¡snbdskübk hl1111'ì'uo doo d2-=Xtt'"b
""rtdn."
kun²t¡g÷s k`k kekr o n'snb
n'snblnlüb
lnlüb ko
rlnlqurel
rlnlqurelrbvbglrìe ehksqls=Uboob-= kr k-tìÌl-q'r'¡#'-t' t"hls hk hdikiketklnlüb e ue lbb
kecrlelMks krekunìDMM,
behugtbrk".urtddu,ro",o-"kokrlbb ekunìDMM,üo'itdi hk pbtkegdl
hkpbtkegdl k--
U<<<=Tt²,d"b" v uel kesd÷exeksdvl
glrclhbrl.¡ egt¡elknlsdlhbdd
egt¡elknlsdlhbdd¡ glrclhb¡l, ""ä"odm'ìMd'pmdo=rbl ÿbsekunìtdgbs
ÿbsekunìtdgbsukvbs eko kondsnb
ndsnblhb
lhbekbs-
l
LtbvkPtk¡¡gf "r.tdtryìd""-",d"td""'
Zkodcrbhk kxpobs¡÷e
oo=etkecl s¡kfprk bs ekunì gbs deiolhbsgbe l prksd÷ebuk t""bttkehl
t"e uel prksrbesupkrdbrl ol rkgbnkeb"b". rl ke kstknleulo' Eb deiok
1V"lF=X=|,ii" ,,"4 prksd÷eks kxgksdvl, bs ekunìt¡gbs
Wd eb sk gunpokekstls estruggdbeks,
pukhkeprbhugdrsknukrtks
b crlvks ksdbeks.
*" RR-,
Lhdgd÷e hk ldrk l obs ekunìtdgbs
Qii hkprksd÷ hk tbsekunìtdgbsk`ke
hkprksd÷
1tdt #'1üd2Us bnprb`lrskk rbrnl ksutlr lrl kltdzlr
l gltd`rl-
EK[NÌXDGB XLNLÜB
H0::0
[²[[²
<:x<9,; @PKst÷t*o
@kkiy @l`y io
@kktu@l`ý 8: - 9: ps
psdd
tzx<9,; 8: - 9: ps
psdd
Fuoa <:x'<9.;
Fuia
-------f
8: - 9: ps d
- <0x<C,W
8: - 9: psd
ps d
-@uoav
- Futa 7 7 /< ; ,; x < 9 ,; 8 : - 9: bsd
AdecAbec <:x<9
Adec Aboc <0x<9,;
Fdppb
---RR
FdZpb
M</d;,;x<9,; l: - 9\ psdd
9\ps
77/<W,;x<9UW 8: - 9: ps
ps¡¡

3-<3
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Zlrhh k lprdktk
Zlr lprdktkhh k o l s rukhls
Zlr hk lprdktkhk ol tukrgl <94.;
lprdktkhk E.n <0; ` i t )
<94.;E.n
g÷edglhk ol rukhl
g÷edglhk
Xukrgl k `rdhl 0:7.;E.n <;: ` it )
0:7.;E.n
Kstk prbgkhdndketb s s÷ob plrl lülhdr
lülhdrldrk
ldrk lo ekunìt dgb.Wd
dgb.Wd ko ekunìtdgb l pkrhdhb
pkrhdhbplrtk
plrtkb ol tbtlodhlh ko
ldrk,flcl b sdcudketk.
ldrk,flcl
< . Letks hk lülhdrldrk,
lülhdr ldrk, estlok
estlokgbrrkgtlnketk
gbrrkgtlnketkll rukhl
rukhlke nìqudelbb pbecl l rukhl
ke ol nìqudel rukhlke
ke ue hdspbsdtdvb k s u-
mkgdbe (glml
(glmlhk
hk deiolhb
deiolhbhk
hk ekunìtdgbs).
0. [tdodgkuel
[tdodgk uel nlecukrl
nlecukrlhk hk ldrk gbe uel vìovuolhk gdkrrk knbtl,
knbtl,ue ue poltb ekunìtdgb k `obqukblutbnìtdgb
`obqukblutbnìtdgb
uel prbtkggd÷e guolr.
7. NletäeclskHKXPÌW
Nletäeclsk HKXPÌWhk hk ol rbhlhurl ko ekunìtdgb gbnpruk`k uk s k fle lokmlhb XBHLW ls pkrsbels k
lokmlhbXBHLW
ol zbel gkrglello
gkrglello ekunìtdgb etksetkshk
hk lülhdr
lülhdrldrk.
ldrk.
8. ko ekunìtdgb ol prksd÷ehk ldrk rkgbnkehlhl.E B deiok
oeiokko
oeiok ko ekunìtdgb br kegdnl
deiokko hk ol prksd÷enìxdnl
kegdnlhk
rkgbnkehlhl lrl ko ndsnb.

LlbvKPXKEgtL
Zkodcrb hk kxpobsd÷e
Obs ekunìtdgbs s÷ob hk`k sustdtudrobs uel pkrsbel gulodidglhl
gulodidglhlgbe fkrrlndketlslhkgulhls y ko
gbe ols fkrrlndketlslhkgulhls
gbebgdndketb tägedgb ekgkslrdb. Wd uel pkrsbel eb gulodidglhl sk k eglrcl hk sustdtudr ols rukhls b
obs ekunìtdgbs, pukhke prbhugdrsk oksdbeks crlvks, lsî gbnb hlübs b hkibrnlgdbeks
hkibrnlgdbekskeke ols rukhls.
Zrbgurk quk ue n kgìedgb gulodidglhb rkvdsk sdknprk sus rukhls y ekunìtdgbs.
Wd eb s k gunpoke kstls destruggdbeks, pukhke prbhugdrsk nukrtks b crlvks oksdbeks. w:<3<L

3-<6
 3 . NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Ioudhbs ou`rdgletks
Hkp÷sdtb k gbn`ustd`ok
Glpqgdhlh
WP < 7 : , P < ; : 9 : .; ( < 9 .:[ W q l o )
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W Y<6;,WP0::,WP00:,
WP00:,WP0;:
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WY0;:, XP03:,XP70:,XY76:
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Glrlgtkrîstdglsägedgls
Glrlgtkrîstdgls ägedgls Hdksko b 0

Wdstknl hk rkirdckrlgd÷e
Glplgdhlh
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sP<3;. Y<6; <;.9 (8.0 [ W qlo)
sP0::. P03: < 3 | (8.8 [ W qlo)
sP00:,WY0;:,
W Y0;:, P0;:, Y7::, P70:, Y7c: < 4 (; [W qlt)
Glrlgtkrîstdglsägedgls
Glrlgtkrîstdglsägedgls ;: boblqul hkstdolhl ;: b/bktdokeqodgbo
lqulhkstdolhl

Wdstknlfdhrìuodgb
Wdstknl fdhrìuodgb
Glplgdhlh ko hkp÷sdtb <;.: (7.49 [W clt)
Glplgdhlh ko sdstknl R
sP<7:, P<;: 0;.; <9.3;[ W b l o
WP<3;,WY<6;,WP0::,
W Y<6;,WP0::,XP03:
X P03: o].< | (6.; [ W qlt)
4600:,
4600:,WP0;:,
WP0;:,ägedgls
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GEFNLX7;B4
GEF NLX7;B4

Gbnplrtdnketbs h k o l glhkel
GlplgdhlhGlhl lhb
GlplgdhlhGlhl
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W Y<6;,WP0BB, P00B, P0;B, Y0;B, Y7BB, 08.< (0;.; [W qt )
XP03:XP70:.XY76:
XP03:XP70:.X Y76:
Glrlgtkrîtdgls
Glrlgtkrî tdgls äge gl Lgkdtk hk nbtbr

Plgbrkshk
Plgbrks hk kecrlsk
Gletdhlh Gulehbskl ekgkslrdb
Gulehbskl
Glrlgtkrdstdglsägedgls
Glrlgtkrdstdglsägedgls Crlslhk
Crlsl hk nbodhdiuosurb

Lgkdtk hko gìrtkr hko nbtbr

= gbe gln`db hko idotrb
sP<7:, P<;: 3 .; .4 [W
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6.;[[ Wq t
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Glrlgtkrîstdglsägedgls
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nbtbr<:S-7:3-04
<:S-7:3-04

Xrlesndsd÷e delo h k o l brucl

- Glhl lh b < . : ( < . : 9[ W q t ) + / - . < ( : . < [ W q t
Glrlgtkrîstdglsägedgls GLWKLAGKOL
GLWK LAGKOL CKLP <7; K Z

3-<4
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Lggksb lrl l s lrkls k u`rdglgd×enletkedndketb

<. L`rl ol gu`dkrtl hko gbnplrtdnketb k o nbtbr cd -
gu`dkrtlhko
rlehb flgdllrrd`l.
flgdl lrrd`l.
0. Okvletk l okecÿktl ko pkstdoob lrl l`rdr l pukrtl
hk skrvdgdb rlskrl.
EBXL= Kstl kokcletk gu`dkrtl pukhk `obquklrsk gbe ue
`obquklrskgbe
glehlhb

=odoo
gu`dkrtl hko nbtbr y ol pukrtl
Ol gu`dkrtlhko

="'-'Fii=""ii
D "mdodo
hk lggksb rlskrl (< )
pukrtlhk

. Lggkhkr plrl rkookelrko lgkdtk

rkookelrko hko nbtbr.
lgkdtkhko

Gbnprb`lrko rlhdlhbr obs rkirdckrlhbrks k lgkdtk

Gbnprb`lrko
fdhrìuodgb rkookelr, lgdlry odnpdlr kstbs).
Gbnprb`lr odnpdlr o hkp÷sdtb k rkirdckrletk'
lrkls hk nletkedndketb e ln`bs dotrbs
Pklodzlr lrklshk
rbsglhbke ko skplrl-
hk gbn`ustd`ok k e odekl b rbsglhbke
hbr hk lcul hko koknketb) lgdlr
lculhko lgdlrko lcul hko rkgkp-
ko lculhko 97<:3866 0

tìguob hko koknketb hko idotrb rbsglhb

koknketbhko
nletkedndketb ko dotrb
Pklodzlrnletkedndketb
Pklodzlr fdhrìuodgb'
dotrbfdhrìuodgb'

'
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.
<Mdo<^=====dQ"1dii===
Lggkhkr l ols gbrrklshk trlesndsdbe'
Lggkhkrl
. Lggkhkr lo lotkrelhbr.
sdknprk l pukrtl
@obqukksdknprk
@obqukk hk lggksb rlskrl l o l`rdrol
pukrtlhk
lrklsh k nletkedndketb supkrvdsk bn -
gulehb klodgk lrklsh
pbeketks, bnb sk nukstrl 0) '

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3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

L`rl l pukrtl hk skrvdgdb rlskrl. Ks pbsd`ok

pukrtlhk pbsd`oklggkhkr
lggkhkrll
ob sdcudketk=
. lgkdtkfdhrìuodgb 7) .
Pkookeb k lgkdtkfdhrìuodgb
EBXL= Wd fly quk rktdrlr ko tlp×e hk ookelhb hk lgkdtk
EBXL=Wd
fdhrìuodgb, înpdkob leiks hk rktdrlrob plrl kvdtlr Dl gbetl-
hko sdsiknl fdhrìuodgb.
ndelgd÷ehko
ndelgd÷e

NÎrdool ko ehdglhbr k edvko

edvkohk lgkdtkfdhrìuodgb 8) .
hk lgkdtkfdhrìuodgb

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Ol plrtk rlskrl ketrb k l gl`del.

. Kohkp÷sdtbko lvlplrl`rdsls ;)
;)sk keguketrlke -
skkeguketrl
trbhk l gl`del, e ko lhb krkgfb kolsdketb etrk
trbhk
vketlelltkrlo k l gl`del ko lsdketb'
ol vketlelltkrlo

3 00
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Iusd`oks rkoäs
P÷tuob k iusd`oksy
iusd`oksy rkoäs plrl nìqudels de KF gbetrboks
rkoäsplrl

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P÷tuob h k iusd`oks y rkoäs plrl nìqudels gbe KF gbetrboks

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t.=c
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PGZFDDWWOBB0KLH 0

Pktdrkbs
Pktdrk bs bredoobsnleuloks 0) k e k o plekohko pbslvlsbs
plrl ktdrlr l gu`dkrtl, be ko ide hk hkmlr
hkmlrhksgu`dkrtbs
hksgu`dkrtbsbs
bs
iusd`oks <).
Ko r÷tuobhk
r÷tuobhk iusd`oksy
iusd`oksy rkoäs sk keguketrlke ol plrtk eik-
rdbr zqudkrhl dstb hkshk
hkshkkoko lsdketb hko bpkrlhbr.

3 -07
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Zlrll`rdrko
Zlrll`rdr ko `obqukh
`obqukh k iusd`oks h k rkoäs
<. Cdrk l glml flgdllrrd`l
glmlflgdl lrrd`l k ol gl`del hksodgk
hksodgkll
okecÿktl k d`krlgd÷e<) rbml)lokmìehbolk l gu-
`dkrtl.Flyhbs
F lyhbs kecÿktls
kecÿktlskk `obqukb k l gu`dkrtl
(rbmbs).[el ke ol plrtksupkrdbr btrl
[elke ke ol plrtk
btrlke
deikrdbr
0. [el vkz quk ln`ls kecÿktls k `obqukb bmls <)
keguketrkeke ol pbsdgd÷ehk lpkrturl,lprdktk
sk keguketrkeke lpkrturl,lprdktk l
gu`dkrtlke
gu`dkrtlke ol plrtk
plrtksupkrdbr
supkrdbr 0) y ke ol plrtk eikrdbr
plrl qudtlr l gu`dkrtl.
7. Zlrl destlolr l gu`dkrtl 0), lodekk ls okecÿktls
`obqukby hksodgk
hk `obqukby hksodgkln`ls
ln`ls kecÿktls k `obqukb
rbmls <) flgdl l gu`dkrtl.
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

G[LHPB KNLEXKEDNDKEXB
Gulhrb k nletkedndketb
EbXL= Ko eýnkrb hk pìcdel cuk sk dehdgl irls /ls lggdbekshk nletkedndketbkeolzl
uk gbetdkek ko prbgkhdndketb. gbeko
gbe ko prdegdpdb hk tl skggd÷e

Gln`db hk oîqudhb

Ykrdidglgd÷e
Zuetbshk nletkedndketb
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B XBHBW BW XPLGGX×E - 03 K E OLW ]BELW H K
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3 -0;
 3 - NLEXKEDNDKEXB

Gln`db hk oîqudhb

Zuetbs k nletküdre¡iid
GLHL
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YÌOY[OLWHKO
HKO NBXBP
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3 -09
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