Clase 6
Clase 6
Clase 6
Mecanizado CNC
Quinta Semana
21-Nov - 2020
• Mecanizado CNC
- Tema V: Fresado
Específico
cálculo de operaciones de mecanizado para generar desbaste,
perforación y acabado de autopartes
Milling
Milling Centros de maquinado
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KYVP22a1nY
Fresado y fresadoras
• TALADRADO
MACHUELEADO
CNC
Machining
Center
CNC
Machining Z axis
Center
CNC
Machining Z axis
Center
Up - down
CNC
Machining
Center
X axis
CNC
Left - Right
Machining
Center
X axis
CNC
Machining
Center
Y axis
CNC
Machining Forward -
Backwards
Center
Y axis
Programmer must see
the axes as if the tool
is moving along the
Z+ axes.
Y+
X- X+
Y-
Z-
Rotary axes
A axis
X axis
Rotary axes
B axis
Y axis
Rotary axes
Z axis
C axis
Parámetros del fresado.
Operación de fresado plano que muestra la profundidad de
corte d;
avance por diente f;
profundidad de corte de la viruta, tc,
y velocidad de la pieza de trabajo, v.
Esquema de la distancia de desplazamiento del cortador, lc, para alcanzar la
profundidad de corte total.
Parámetros del fresado.
la distancia que avanza la pieza de trabajo por diente del cortador, en mm/diente o pulgadas/diente, y d
es la profundidad de corte
Cutting Conditions
Milling
Milling
Cutting process
3
Milling
Types
Face milling
4
Milling
◼ Types
– Face milling
5
Milling
◼ Types
6
Milling
◼ Types
7
Milling
◼ Types
– Peripheral milling
9
Milling
◼ Types
– Slot milling (peripheral)
10
Milling
◼ Types
– Peripheral milling
11
Fresado y fresadoras
Fresado periférico
◼ Types
– Profile milling
13
Milling
◼ Types
– Profile milling
14
se utilizan para colocar un filete en la esquina exterior de una pieza
se utilizan para colocar un filete en la esquina exterior de una pieza
CALCULATED
CHIPLOAD
15
Conventional (Up) Milling
tooth exit
FORCE
El método más antiguo
...
Tiende a levantar la
pieza de trabajo Si la
profundidad radial es
demasiado grande
Dientes facilitan el
trabajo de la pieza tooth entry
Se utiliza para piezas de
trabajo a escala
16
Conventional (Up) Milling
• Face milling
• Peripheral milling
17
Conventional (Up) Milling
• FORCE
18
Conventional (Up) Milling
FORCE
Empieza sin Grosor de la viruta
19
Climb (Down) Milling
• Newer milling method
tooth entry
• The workpiece is fed in the
same direction as cutter
rotation FORCE
• Face milling
• Peripheral milling
2 1
Climb (Down) Milling
FORCE
22
Climb (Down) Milling vs Conventional (Up )
FORCE FORCE
23
Cutting Conditions
Milling
Milling
◼ Cutting conditions
• Cutting velocity, V
• Feedrate, f
Milling
Cutting Velocity, V (m/min)
V= x D x N
D => Tool diameter (m)
N => Spindle speed (rpm)
Feedrate, f (mm/min)
f = fz x z x N
fz = Feed / tooth (mm/tooth) (AVANCE POR DIENTE)
z = Number of cutting edges in the tool
N = Spindle speed (rpm) (VELOCIDAD DE EJE)
Milling
◼ Cutting conditions
◆ Feed/tooth, fz
Milling
◼ Cutting conditions
28
Milling
◼ Cutting conditions
• Depth of cut, d
• Width of cut, w
Milling ◼ Cutting conditions
Tool
HSS Carbide
Workpiece
Material
Milling
◼ Machining time
lw = Length of workpiece
A = Approaching distance
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Face milling
lw A
w
D/2
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Face milling / slotting
A lw A
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Face milling / square shoulder
w
D/2
A lw A
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Face milling / square shoulder
w
D/2
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Peripheral milling
L =lw + 2 d (D – d)
d < D/2 A=
D/2
A lw A
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Peripheral milling
Tool center is OUTSIDE of the workpiece
d < D/2 A= d (D – d)
L =lw + 2 d (D – d)
D/2
A lw A
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Peripheral milling
D/2
A lw A
Milling
◼ Machining time
◆ Peripheral milling
D/2
A lw A
Milling ◼ Metal Removal Rate (cm3/min)
40
Potencia requerida
◆ Example 1
A component (material: steel 1050, hardness: 220 Bhn) with the following
dimensions: width 60 mm and length 200 mm, is going to be face milled to
remove a layer 4 mm thick. Determine the cutting conditions and machining
time for each of the tools used:
Spindle speed, rpm
Feedrate, mm/min
Machining time, sec
Material Removal Rate, MMR (cm3/min)
◆ Example 2
A square shoulder is going to be face milled on a block
of steel 1045, 180 Bhn, with a depth of cut 4 mm and a
width of cut of 40 mm, using a 100 mm diameter tool
with 6 coated carbide teeth. The length of the block is
120 mm.
◆ Example 3
A slot (depth = 4 mm, width=12 mm) is going to be face
milled on a block of steel 1045, 230 Bhn, in one cutting pass.
A 12 mm diameter HSS endmill, with 4 teeth will be used for
the operation. The length of the block is 60 mm.