REPÚBLICABOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA

MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN

LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

ENGLISH 5th SECTION: TODAS /MSc. Jesús Zambrano /ENGLISH TEACHER

Pedagogic Material (I MOMENT)
Orientaciones Pedagógicas
1.- Lee detenidamente la guía para luego ser socializada en clase
2.- copiar en el cuaderno de inglés el resumen de esta guía Pedagógica (Fundamentación teórica)
3.- Usa el diccionario para consultar el significado de algunas palabras desconocidas
4.- Sácale provecho a este material practicando las partes de habla en inglés
5.- ÉXITOS Y BENDICIONES

REFERENTE TEORICO – PRÁCTICO:

UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE N° 01
1.1. PARTS OF THE SPEECH. Noun, Pronoun , Adjetive,, Article, Verb, Adverb, Preposition,
Conjuntion, Interjection
1.2. Vocabulary

1. Noun
This part of a speech refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals, places, ideas, or events.
Nouns are the simplest among the 8 parts of speech, which is why they are the first ones taught to students in
primary school.

Esta parte de un discurso se refiere a las palabras que se usan para nombrar: personas, cosas, animales, lugares,
ideas o eventos. Los sustantivos son los más simples entre las 9 partes del discurso, por lo que son los primeros
que se enseñan a los alumnos en la escuela primaria.

Examples:

 Tom Hanks is very versatile.

 The italicized noun refers to a name of a person.
 Dogs can be extremely cute.
 In this example, the italicized word is considered a noun because it names an animal.
 It is my birthday.
 The word “birthday” is a noun which refers to an event.

There are different types of nouns namely:

 Proper– proper nouns always start with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons, places,
or things.
 Examples: Volkswagen Beetle, Shakey’s Pizza, Game of Thrones
 Propio : los nombres propios siempre comienzan con una letra mayúscula y se refieren a nombres
específicos de personas, lugares o cosas.
 Ejemplos: Volkswagen Beetle, Shakey's Pizza, Game of Thrones

 Common– common nouns are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons,
things, or places.
 Examples: car, pizza parlor, TV series
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MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

 Común - los sustantivos comunes son lo opuesto a los nombres propios. Estos son solo nombres
genéricos de personas, cosas o lugares.
 Ejemplos: coche, pizzería, serie de televisión

 Concrete– this kind refers to nouns which you can perceive through your five senses.
 Examples: folder, sand, board
 Concreto : este tipo se refiere a sustantivos que puedes percibir a través de tus cinco sentidos.
 Ejemplos: carpeta, arena, tabla

 Abstract- unlike concrete nouns, abstract nouns are those which you can’t perceive through your five
senses.
 Examples: happiness, grudge, bravery
 Resumen: a diferencia de los sustantivos concretos, los sustantivos abstractos son aquellos que no
puedes percibir a través de tus cinco sentidos.
 Ejemplos: felicidad, rencor, valentía

Count– it refers to anything that is countable, and has a singular and plural form.
 Examples: kitten, video, ball
 Contar : se refiere a todo lo que es contable, y tiene una forma singular y plural.
 Ejemplos: gatito, video, pelota

 Mass– this is the opposite of count nouns. Mass nouns are also called non-countable nouns, and they
need to have “counters” to quantify them.
 Examples of Counters: kilo, cup, meter

 Misa : esto es lo opuesto a los nombres de contar. Los sustantivos masivos también se llaman
sustantivos no contables, y necesitan tener "contadores" para cuantificarlos.

 Ejemplos de contadores: kilo, taza, metro

 Examples of Mass Nouns: rice, flour, garter

 Collective– refers to a group of persons, animals, or things.
 Example: faculty (group of teachers), class (group of students), pride (group of lions)

This great list of nouns can help you explore more nouns.

 Colectivo: se refiere a un grupo de personas, animales o cosas.
 Ejemplo: facultad (grupo de profesores), clase (grupo de estudiantes), orgullo (grupo de leones)
Esta gran lista de sustantivos puede ayudarte a explorar más sustantivos.

2. Pronoun
A pronoun is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun. Some examples of pronouns
are: I, it, he, she, mine, his, hers, we, they, theirs, and ours.
Sample Sentences:
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MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

Un pronombre es una parte de un discurso que funciona como un reemplazo para un sustantivo. Algunos
ejemplos de pronombres son: yo , ella, él, ella, la mía, la suya, la suya, la suya, la suya y la nuestra.

 Janice is a very stubborn child. She just stared at me and when I told her to stop.
 The largest slice is mine.
 We are number one.

The italicized words in the sentences above are the pronouns in the sentence.

3. Adjective
This part of a speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the quality, the size, and
the number of nouns or pronouns.. tall, short, long, astounding, awful, nice, pretty, wonderful, nice, narrow,
strong,

Sample Sentences:

 The carvings are intricate.

 The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “carvings.”
 I have two hamsters.
 The italicized word “two,” is an adjective which describes the number of the noun “hamsters.”
 Wow! That doughnut is huge!
 The italicized word is an adjective which describes the size of the noun “doughnut.”
4. Verb
This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not exist. Simply put, this is a
word that shows an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the subject in a sentence.

Examples of “State of Being Verbs” : am, is, was, are, and were
Sample Sentences:

 As usual, the Stormtroopers missed their shot.

 The italicized word expresses the action of the subject “Stormtroopers.”
 They are always prepared in emergencies.
 The verb “are” refers to the state of being of the pronoun “they,” which is the subject in the sentence.

Verb (verbo) indica la acción que realiza el sujeto de la oración:

 My sisters work on weekends. (Mis hermanas trabajan los fines de semana)

 The dog chases the cat all around the house. (El perro persigue al gato por toda la casa)
 Mr. Green works with my uncle. (El Sr. Green trabaja con mi tío)
 They always play tennis on Sundays. (Ellos siempre juegan tenis los domingos)

Existen verbos auxiliares que permiten expresar en que tiempo verbal se realiza, realizó o realizará la acción:

 Does he always walk to school? (¿Él siempre camina para ir a la escuela?)

 Did she go there twice a week? (¿Ella fue allí dos veces a la semana?)
 The bus will stop at the corner. (El autobús se detendrá en la esquina)
 REPÚBLICABOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

También, hay verbos modales:

 She can try to finish her projects on time. (Ella puede tratar de terminar sus proyectos a tiempo)
 You might prepare your work more carefully. (Tú podrías preparar tu trabajo más cuidadosamente)
 I must work tonight. (Yo debo trabajar esta noche)

Y verbos principales:

 Does he always walk to school? (¿Él siempre camina para ir a la escuela?)

 Did she go there twice a week? (¿Ella fue allí dos veces a la semana?)
 The bus will stop at the corner. (El autobús se detendrá en la esquina)
 She can try to finish her projects on time. (Ella puede tratar de terminar sus proyectos a tiempo)
 You might prepare your work more carefully. (Tú podrías preparar tu trabajo más cuidadosamente)
 I must work tonight. (Yo debo trabajar esta noche)


5. Adverb
Just like adjectives, adverbs are also used to describe words, but the difference is that adverbs describe
adjectives, verbs, or another adverb.

The different types of adverbs are:

 Adverb of Manner– this refers to how something happens or how an action is done.
 Example: Annie danced gracefully.
 The word “gracefully” tells how Annie danced.
 Adverb of Time- this states “when” something happens or “when” it is done. Yesterday, today,
tomorrow, last night, last year, this morming, weekend, Now
 Example: She came yesterday.
 The italicized word tells when she “came.”

Adverb of Place– this tells something about “where” something happens or ”where” something is done.
 Example: Of course, I looked everywhere!
 The adverb “everywhere” tells where I “looked.”

 Adverb of Degree– this states the intensity or the degree to which a specific thing happens or is done.
 Example: The child is very talented.
 The italicized adverb answers the question, “To what degree is the child talented?”

 Adverb of frequency: It refers to frequency that does an action. They are: Usually, Always, Never,
often, sometimes, seldom, weekly, monthly, yearly, every day, twice a week, once in a while,
Another adverbs: Even, quite

6. Preposition
This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time.

Examples of Prepositions:
 REPÚBLICABOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

above, below, throughout, outside, before, near, far, and since, on. In, at. Between, next to, on the
corner, in front of, on the left, on the right,

Sample Sentences:

 Micah is hiding under the bed.

 The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “under the bed,” and tells where Micah is
hiding.
 During the game, the audience never stopped cheering for their team.
 The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “during the game,” and tells when the
audience cheered.

7. Conjunction
The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together.

Examples of Conjunctions: and, yet, but, for, nor, or, if, because and so
Sample Sentences:

 This cup of tea is delicious and very soothing.

 Kiyoko has to start all over again because she didn’t follow the professor’s instructions.
 Homer always wanted to join the play, but he didn’t have the guts to audition.
The italicized words in the sentences above are some examples of conjunctions.

8. Interjection
This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are commonly used to convey
strong emotions, they are usually followed by an exclamation point.

Examples of Interjections:

Sample Sentences:

 Ouch! That must have hurt.

 Hurray, we won!
 Hey! I said enough!

The bold words attached to the main sentences above are some examples of interjections.
 REPÚBLICABOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”

Referente Pracico (Ejercicios)

Morphological Classification: Clasificación Morfológica

Grammatical Structure:

SN1 + VERB + SN2+SN3+SN4

SUBJECT/ PRONOUN + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT

SN: Sintagma Nominal
SV: Sintagma Verbal

#0# Forma arborea = arborea form

1. - A good friend is always with you

#0#
A friend always you
good is with

Ind. Art Adj. noun verb ppal adv. F. conj. Obj. Pronoun

Lineal Form ----------

1.- A good friend is always with you

SN1+SN2+ SN3+SV1+SN4+SN4+SN5

Ind. Art Adj noun verb ppal adv. F. conj. Obj. Pronoun

2.- My Sister works on weekends

#0#
works
My on weekends
sister

adj. pos. noun verb ppal. Prep. Adv. of time.

 REPÚBLICABOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN
LICEO BOLIVARIANO “DANIEL FLORENCIO O´LEARY”